The Parliamentary or constitutional history of England, from the earliest times, to the restoration of King Charles II

i

THE

PARLIAMENTARY

O R
CONSTITUTIONAL

Hiftory of England;

BEING A

FAITHFUL ACCOUNT

Of all the

Moft remarkable TRANSACTION f

In PARLIAMENT,
From the earlieft TIMES,

TO THE

Reftoration of King CHARLES II,

COLLECTED

From the RECORDS, the JOURNALS of both HOUSES, original
MANUSCRIPTS, fcarce SPEECHES, and TRACTS ; all com-
pared with the feveral Contemporary Writers, and connected,
throughout, with the Hiftory of the Times.

By SEVERAL HANDS.

Juvat integrofs accedere Fontes,
VOL. XII.

From the Call of the Houfc of Commons, November i, 1642, till thq
Convention at Oxford, in January 1643.

The SECOND EDITION.
LONDON,

Printed, and fold by WILLIAM SANDBY, againft St. Dnr.f-ans CburfZ,
'Fleet-Street. M D C C L XII.

THE

Parliamentary H iftor y

O F

ENGLAND.

the firft of November the Commons An
O ^ ordered, That all their Members, living
within fixty Miles of London, and not
employed in the Service of that Houfe,
fhould attend within three Days; all atThe Comni
a farther Diftance, within eight Days ; and that fuch nqnire the °At-
as did not appear within the Times limited, fhould tendance of their
be fentforbyMefiengers, who were to bring them Up.Members-

This Order was occafioned by the Thinnefs of
the Houfe, for fome Months paft, which appears
by the following Divifions extracted from their "jour-
nals. The moft material Points, which gave Oc-
cafion to thefe, have been taken Notice of in their
pfoper Order of Time : The Numbers, only, will
be therefore fufficient for this Review.
June 27. 42 againft 27. Aug. 15. 42 againfr 3 3. The State of that

• 30. 49 againft 35. 17. 43 againft 16. Houle »£ tftili

July 9. 125 againft 45. • 27. 69 againft 26. Time*

19. 69 againft 5 1. Sept. 2. 40 againft 29.

23. 89 againft 43. — — 29. 53 againft 36.

26. 50 againft 33. In Gfiober not one D;vi-

28. 82 againft 32. lion enter'd.

VOL. XII. A It

1272169

The Parliamentary HISTORY

It may very juflly be inquired, What could occa*
fion fuch an Abfence, at a Time when fo great a
Number of Refolutions pats'd, deeply affecting the
November. Conftitution of this Kingdom f — A brief Recapitu-
lation of fome Tranfachons in our latt Volume will
iupply an Anfwer.

It may be remembered that there was a Call of
the Houfe on the i6th of June lad ; and, on that
Occafion, a Refolution pafs'd, by a Majority of 147
Voices againft 91, That none of the Abfentces
fhould be admitted to take their Seats, till they had
made their Excufe to a Committee appointed for
thatPurpofe, and that Excufe reported and allowed
of by the Houfe. Moft of the Members then abfent,
whofe Names are entered in the Commons Joitr-*
naif of that Day, were with the King at York ; and
as they could have little Reafon to expecl: That Ex-
cufe for their Abfence would be accepted by the
Houfe, it is very probable few of them ever returned.
— Add to this, That

After the King had ifTued his Commiflion of Ar-
ray many more Members left the Houfe, and went
into their feveral Counties to put the fame into Ex-
ecution : And others were fent, at the fame Time,
by the Parliament to execute their Ordinance for the
Militia ; moft of the Deputy-Lieutenants being
Members of the Houfe of Commons.

When the Commons, on the eleventh Day of
Auguft laft, voted, That they would fupport the Earl
of EJ/ex with their Lives and Fortunes, they alfo
refolved, That every Member, then abfent, mould
declare himfelf at his next coming into the Houfe ;
which undoubtedly kept away many who had not
Courage enough to make that Declaration ; whilft
fome others, of a more refolute Difpofition, loft their
Lives, on both Sides of the Queftion, at the late
Battle of Edge- Hill. Laftly,

During the Months of Auguft and September laft,
near fifty Members had been expelled the Houfe ;
and, though Writs were iflued out for fupplying
their Places, it is hardly to be imagined that many
new Elections could be made at a Time when the

Orders

Of E N G L A N D. 3

Orders of the Houfe of Commons were as little re- An. 18. Car. I.
gardW by the Sheriffs and returning Officers of fome
Counties, as the King's Proclamations by others 5
and when a confiderable Part of the Kingdom was
covered by two oppofite Armies.

The Names of the Members fo expelled, with
the Reafons of their Expulfion, and the Places they
ferved for, may not be improper ; as they tend to
illuftrate many PafTages in the fucceeding Volumes
of this Work. a

MEMBERS expelled in the Month e/Auguft, 1642,

4 *Rob*rt^ Hide, Serjeant at £ Ngw-S*rum.

5 *Sir Ralph Hopton, Knight 7 *„ ,,

of the Bath, J

— *Tloomas Smith, -Efq; Bridgeivater.

8 *Sir John Pawlett, Kt. J

— • *Sir John Stawell, Knight > Somerfetjhire,

of the Bafby 3

9 Sir Nicholas Slanningi Kt. Penryn.
3O John Griffith, Efq; Beaumaris.
II * Edward Hydt, Efq; Saltafi.

— *Robert Holborne, Efq; MichelL

— * Edward Kirtcn, Efq; Milborn-Port.
12 *John Coventry, Efqj Evejham.

— *Sir Edward Rodney, Kt. Wells.

1 6 * Nicholas Wejlon, Efq; Stafford.

— *Col. George Goring, Portfmouth.
2O *Sir John Packington, Bart. Aylejlury.

— *Sir H. Herbert, Knt. Bewdley.

— ^Samuel Sandys, Efq; Droitwitch.

The three laft for executing the Commiffion of
Array.

22 *Gervafe Holies, Efq; Grimfby.

A 2 Jug.

a For thofe Place* diftinguifhed thus * the Journals only take
Notice of Writs being iffued for new ElefHons j and where we have
not mentioned the Reafons for the Expulfion ot the refpeftive Mem-
bers, none are afligned by thofc Authorities,

4 ffle Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. Aug. 2.6. Sir William Wld- \ Ar , , , ,
6 , v > Northumberland*

dnngton, Knt. $

^^^ — Sir William Carnaly, Kt. Morpetb.

The laft two for refufing to attend the Service
of the Houfe.

29 Orlando Bridgeman, Efq; JPi«an.
For aflifting Lord Strange at Che/ler.

Kirkby^ Efq; LaXcaJbirg*

30 Sir Richard Cavs, Knt, Litchfidd.

MEMBERS expelled in September, 1642.
2 *ChriJlopker Lewkener, Efq; Cbichejier,
eSlrWl/lamSavile, Knt. 1 ^ 5

tf«^ Bart. 5

, Efq; York/hire.

— John Bellafys, Efq; 57;/r^.

— Sir Henry Sling/by^ Bart. Knar eft) rough.

— Sir Thomas Danby^ Knt. Richmond.

— Sir George Wentworth* of 1 n r n

7i, , v > Pontefraft.

Wooley, Knt. 5

— Sir Thomas Ingrain* Knt. Thirjke.

— William Mallory, Efq; Ripon.

— Richard Aldburgh, Efq; Aldburgb.

The lad nine for negle&ing the Service of the
Houfe, and fetting their Hands to a Petition
contrived in Yarkjhirey and fent up to Par-
liament. b

— Sir y<?^» StrangivayeS) Knt. Weymoutb.

For neglecting the Service of Parliament.

— Sir Richard Lee Bart. £?/<?/>.

— Sir Robert Hoiuard, Knt. 7 r>-/i /^ /j/

of the ^/A, [ Bfiops-CaJVe.

•j Sir Chrifl. Hatton^ Knt. Higham Ferrers.

— Sir Robert Hatton, Knt. CaJlle-Rtfing.

Thcfc four for executing the Gommiffion of
Array after it was declared illegal, and for
not appearing on Summons.

Sept.
fc This Petition may be found in our Eleventh Volume,

Of ENGLAND.

Sept. 7. Geoffrey Palmer, Efq; Stamford.
For not appeal ing on Summons.

TT ^ 7 T-/- r\ • r November.

— Henry Coke, Efq; Dunwicb.

— Sir Tbo. Fan/haw, Knt. Lancajhr.

Thefe two for neglecting the Service of the
Houfe, and not appearing on Summons.

12 Richard Rogers, Efq; Dqrfttjbirt.

For fending Forces into Sherborne Caflle.

-— Richard Herbert, Efq; Montgomery.

For putting the CommifHon of Array in Execu-
tion in the County Salop.

1 6 * Tho. Cbicbelty, Efq; Cambridge fnire.

1 8 Sir Be vile Grenville, Knt. Cornwall.

22 Lord Vifcount Falkland, \ ^

23 Sir "Frederick Cormualli^ 1 r>

Knt. of the Bath. 5 J

29 Sir Ralph Sydenham.i Knt. Boffiney.

We meet with no Expulfions of Members in
Oflober ; but, on the 24th of that Month, one Gen-
tleman was in very great Danger of lofing his Seat,
if he had not inftantly complied with the Terms re-
quired by the Houfe for his Continuance in it : For
we find in the Journals of this Day, That the Vote
for afliftir.g the Earl of EJJex, 6'c. being read to
Sir John Evelyn, Member for Blecbingley, and his
Anfwer demanded, he defired Time to confider of
that Vote ; upon which he was ordered to. with^
draw. Then the Houfe fell into Confideration of
the Quality of his Offence ; and finding, That if any
Member might have Liberty, when a Queftion was
propofed, to refufe giving any Anfwer, it would de-
ihoy the Courfe and Proceedings of Parliament : It
was thereupon refolved, c That the faid Sir John
Evtlyn (hall be fufpended from the Houfe, difarmed
by the Deputy-Lieutenants of Surrey, and commit-
ted Prifoner to the Tower during the Pleafure of that

Houfe.' But Sir John Evelyn defiring to be heard

A 3 before

6 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. before Judgment given; and, his Requeft being
1642. complied with, he declared himfelf in the Affirma-
*"~""V7*-' tive to the Vote concerning the Earl of EJftx, and
r* offered to lend 100 /. upon the Propofitions. The/
Houfe accepted his Anfwer and his Offer, and im-
mediately ordered, That the former Votes and
Sentences {hould be revoked.

Thus much may fuffice to give a View of the
State of the Houfe of Commons during the laft five
Months : We fhall, now, proceed with the Bufi-
nefs of Parliament.

Both Houfes had been bufy in making Orders
for oppofing Sir Ralph Hopton's Armament, in the
Weft of England r, and the other in Wales, men--
tioned in Secretary Nicholas's Letter ; which had
been communicated to the Citizens of London at
the Guildhall, by the Earl of Pembroke, on the 2;th
of the laft Month.

?roceedings to- Thefe two new raifed Armies appeared fo formi-
wardsaPcace. dable to the Parliament, that, in all Probability, it
itirred up the late Motion for fettling a Peace, and
brought on the further Confitleration of it this Day,
November 2. The Refult of which was, That to
prevent the further Effufion of Blood, and to fettle
the prefent Diftraftions of the Kingdom, a Confe-
rence fhould be held, in which the following Letter
{hould be communicated to the Commons, which,
the Committee of Safety had received from their
Lord-General, in anfwer to one wrote to him on
this Occafion.

My Lords and Gentlemen,

The Earl of EJ- TffaVe received a Letter from you, that mentions an
'0 bumble Petition to be directed to his Majcjlv, to
/ave the Effufun of more Blood. In the f.rft Place*
1 ought to acknowledge the Favour of your dejiring to
bear frcm me, before you fend it. In tb: fecond
Place, To declare that an happy Accommodation for the
Advancement of Religion, the Flourishing of thisKing-
dcni, with its antitKt Rights, the Saving the Effufan

of

Of ENGLAND. 7

of more Blood, and tie uniting Us Majefly to bis Par- An. 18. Car. I.
litfftient, none fuail pray f»r more, nor receive with 1642.
more Joy, than m\jelf. ^T~V~\?t

If 7 had not, by the Commands of the Parliament >
been here to govern this Army, I fiould have given
my Attendance upon you j and fiould have aifcharged
my Conference, to the beji of my Abilities, honeftly end
clearly ; but, being abfent, and not hearing the De-
bates, nor from whence this hath rifen, I mujl fubmit
myfelf to iheir greater Judgments ; and Jhall, with
all Obedience, fubinit both to what they /hall do \ and
to city their former Commands to advance towards
London, to inter pofe, with my uimcjl^ between them
and all Dangers.

Your Lordfhips

fJyrtbamptiri, ?

AVf. i, 1642. 5 Humble Servant,

ESSEX.,

Notwithftanding the laft- mentioned Military Pre-
parations, and the Earl of EJfex's Declaration of his
Readinefs to inarch towards London, both Houfes
thought fit to proceed in their pacific Meafuresj and
ordered a Petition to the King, to be drawn up for
thatPurpofe: But, previous to this, 'left the Affec-
tions of the People ihould grow cold/ as mf.Pymmf
expreffed himfelf at the Conference, a Declaration
was to be publifhed to this Purport :

' Whereas the Lords and Commons have or- Both Houfcs at

* dered, That it fliould be referred to the Committee the fame Time
< for Safety of the Kingdom, to prepare Heads for Ee'eT ***

* an humble Addrefs to his Majefty, for compofmg
1 the prefent Differences and Diftraclions, and fet-

* tling the prefent Peace of the Kingdom, and to
' prefent k to the Houfe : Yet to prevent all Mif-
' conftructions or Neglects, whereby our juft De-

* fence may be hindered, we do declare, That the

* Preparations of Forces, and all other neceffary
« Means for the Defence of the Proteftant Religion,

* the Privileges of Parliament, and the Laws and
' Liberties of the Subject, iball be profecuted with.
4 all Vigour.'

The

8 *Ihe Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. The Lords agreed to this Declaration, and or-
I04--, dered it to be forthwith printed and publifhed.

^— ^*y~"^^

Nov. 3. A Draught of this Petition, or Addrefs,
to the King, was read by the Lords this Day ; and,
afterwards, agreed to by both Houtes, as follows :

Their Petition JTfE your Majcjly's mojl loyal Subjects, the Lords
t e ing or rr anj Commons in Parliament ajjembled^ being
affetted with a deep and piercing Senfg of the Miferies
of this Kingdom^ and of the Danger of his Majefty's
Perfen, as the prcfent Affairs now Jiand-y and much
quickened therein with the fad Confederation of the
great Effufion of Blood at the. late Battle, and of the
JLofs of fo many eminent Perfons : And further weigh-
ing the Addition of Lofs, Mifery, and Danger to yci-.r
Majefty and your Kingdom, which mujl enjue, if both
Armies fhould again join in another Battle; as, with-
out God's efpecial BleJJing, end your Majeftys Con-
currence with your Houjts of Parliament^ wilt not
probably be avoided \ we cannot but believe that a
fuitable Imprejjion of Tendernejs and Covipajjion is
wrought in your Majtft'/s Royal Heart, being your-
felf an Eye-Witnefs of the bhody and forrowful De-
Jirufiion of fo many of your Subj£™s j and that your
' Majefty doth apprehend what Diminution of your own
Power and Greatnefs will follow ; and that all your
Kingdoms will thereby be fa weakened^ as to become
fubjcft to the Attempts of any ill- affected to this
State.

In all which Refpetfs we aJJ'ure ourfches, that your
Majcfty will be inclined graciniijly to accept this out-
humble Petition, that the Alifcry and Defoliation of
this Kingdom may be Jpeedily removed and prevented \
for the effecting whereof we msjl humbly befcech \o:*r
Majefty to appoint fame convenient Place, not far from
the City of London, inhere year Alajtlly will be
file a fed to re fide ^ untill Committees of Lit h Houfes of
Parliament may attend your Majejly, with fome Pro-
psfitions for the Removal of thefe bloody Diftempen
and Di/ira^ions, and fettling the State of the King-
dtmt in fu.h a Manner as may conduce ti the Prejer-

vatton

Of ENGLAND. 9

Cation cf God's true Religion , your Majefty s Honour, An. 18. Car }„
Safety, and Profperity ; and to the Peace, Comfort,
and Security of all ysur People.

The Houfes next confidered of the Manner of
delivering this Petition to the King; and, fince the
Way they lent their laft was fo difagreeable to him,
it was thought proper, That a Committee of Lords
and Commons fhould be fent with it : But, firfl,
that a Letter fhould be wrote to one of the Secre-
taries of State, or fome Peer near his Majefty, to
defire a Safe-Conduct for thefe Perfons ; and that a
Trumpet fhould be fent before the Meffenger, to
defire a Safe-Conduct for the Delivery of their Letter.
Accordingly the Lord Grey of Werk, Speaker of the
Houfe of Lords pro Tempore, wrote the following
Letter, directed to the Right Honourable the Lord
Vifcount Falkland, Principal Secretary to his Ma-
jefty, or, in his Abfence, for Mr. Secretary Nicho-
las, or any of the Lords the Peers, attending his
Majefty.

My Lords,

J Am commanded, by the Lords the Peers, and Com- Lord G«/s Let-
•*• mans ajjembled in Parliament, ty addrefs, by you, ter» deiiring a
their bumble Defer es to bis Majefty, that be would *r^'£SJ"**r

i r r / • o r /~> t n /-^ • ,Jhsir Meflengcrs.

pleajea to grant his ^aje-Londiici to a Lommittee of
Lords and Commons to pafs and repafs unto- his Ma-
jefty, who are directed to attend him zuith an humble
petition from bis Parliament.

This being all I have in Commifjion, I rcjl

Your aflUred Friend and Servant,

WJhmnJlcr, this

" '^ Speaker of the Houfe of Peers

pro Tempore.

Nothing intervened, worth Notice, till the 5th ;
when the Lord Grey received an Anfwer to his
Letter to the Secretary, which was read.

To

ro The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. »8. Car. l.To the Right Honourable the Lord Grey of Werk9
l_^*—_j Speaker of the Houfe of Peers pro Tempore.

November. My Lord,

"Which is grant- T T^ Maje/ly hath commanded me, in Anfwer to
ed by the King. -*^ your Lord/hip's of the third prefent, to fignify
to you, That he always hath been, and is Jlill, ready
to receive the humble Petition of either or both Houfes
of Parliament j and Jhall take Order, that a Com-
mittee of Lords and Commons may pafs and repafs to
him, with the Petition cf both Houfes, as is de/ired j
fo as the /aid Committee confifts of Perfons that have
not been by his Majejiy, either by Name, declared
Traitors ; or otherwife, in fame cf his Declarations of
Proclamations, executed againft by Name, with his In-
tention declaring to proceed againft them as Traitors ;
and fo as the faid Committee come not with more than
ihirty Perfons in their Company, and give Notice be-
fore-hand ofiheir coming : jlnd for the faid Commit-
tee's better Security, his Majejiy, upon the Receipt of
their Names, will give a Safe-Conduft for them under
his Hand and Signet. This being all I have in Com-
mand to deliver to your Lordjhip, I humbly rejl
' Your Lorclfhip's

Reading, Nov. 4, 164*. Moft humble Servant,

ED. NICHOLAS.

To this Letter, the Lord Grey was dire&ed to
return the following Anfwer; but fince this Anfwer
and the confequent Rejoinders were the chief Bufi-
nefs of fome Days, we {hall put them all together,
for the Reader's greater Eafc in the Perufal.

To the Right Honourable the Lord Vifcount Falk-
land, Principal Secretary to his Majefty ; or, in
his Abfcnce, to any of the Lords the Peers at-
tending his Majefty,

My Lord,

Several other J Have received a Command from the Lords sind
Letters in confe--* Commons in Parliament, to fend you the Names of
rcot; two Lords; that is to fay, Algernon Earl */ North-
umberland,

Of ENGLAND. n

umberland, Philip Earl of Pembroke and Mont- An. 18. Car. !.

gornery, and of four Members of the Hoitfe of Com-

mons, Mr. Pierrepont, the Lord Wenman, Sir John

Evelin of Wilts, and Sir John Hippifly ; being the

Committees of both Houfe s appointed to attend his Ma-

jefty with an bumble Petition diretted from them to his

Majefty ; defiring your Lordjhlp will be pleafed to move

his Majefly to fend a Safe-ConducJ, to pafs and re-

$afs, under his Rcyal Hand and Signet, for the f eve*

ral Perfons aforementioned.

This being all that 1 have in Commijfiony I rejl

Your Lordfhip's Friend and Servant,

Weftminfter, tti, yb GREY of

°f N1°6v4e2n;ber' Speaker to the Houfe of Peers

pro Temp ore.

To the Right Honourable the Lord Grey of Werk*
Speaker of the Houfe of Peers pro Temper e.

My Lord,

JrOUR Lordjhtfs Letter, of the fifth of No-
vember I Jhewed his Majejiy, who hath expreJJy
commanded me to return your Lordjhlp this Anfwer
in thefe few Words, That his Majefty hath fent
(which I have inclofed) a Safe -Conduct, under his
Royal Hand and Signet, for the Earl ^Northumber-
land, and the Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery,
Mr. Pierrepoint, the Lord Wenman, and Sir John
Hippifly ; but hath not admitted Sir John Evelin of
Wilts to attend him, as being included in the Excep-
tion made by his Majefly in the Letter fent by Mr.
Secretary Nicholas to your Lordjhip of the ^th, as by
the inclofed Proclamation, proclaimed at his Majejiy' s
Court at Oxford, and ff.nt, with a Writ fealed, into
the County of Wilts, will appear. His Majejiy hath
likewife commanded me to fignify to your Lord/hip^
That in cafe the Houfesjball think Jit to fend any other
Perfon in the Place of Sir John Evelin, that is not
included in the Exception made in Mr. Secretary's
Letter before-mentioned, his Majefly hath commanded
all his Officers, Ss!diersy and other Subjefts, to fuffer

him

12> The Parliamentary Hi 6 TOR v

Aq. 18. Car. I. him as freely to fafs and repnfs as if his Name bacf

1642. been particularly comprifed in this Safe-Condi4fl '.
November being all that I have in Commfjfion^ I rejl

Your Lordfhip's humble Servant,

Reading, tbit 6/$

(f November, FALKLAND.

1642.

His Majcfty's SAFE-CONDUCT.

CHARLES R.

f\U R Will and Pleasure is, and we da hereby
^~* Jlriftly charge and command all the Officers and

Soldiers of cur present Army^ and all our Minijhrs
and Subjects tvhatfievery 10 fufer our Right Trujiy
apd Right Well-beloved Coujins and Counfellors Al-
gernon £ar/c/~ Northumberland, and Philip Earl of
Pembroke and Montgomery, and our Right Trujly
and Right Well- helmed Coufm Thomas Lord Vif-
count \Venman, and our Irufty and Well-beloved
William Pierrepont, Efq\ and Sir John Hippifly,
Knight^ (together with their Attendants y not exceed-
ing the Number of Thirty) to pafs and repafs to and
from i^, they being now Jcnt to attend us with a Pe-
tition from both our ffoujfs of Parliament. This our
Safe-Condu£t) under our Royal Hand and Signet^ w:
charge and command them, and every of 'them , punc-
tually to obferue and obey, as they will anfwer the con-
trary at thetr ultermcft Perils.

Given at our Court at Reading, this 6th of No-
vember, 1642.

TheKiaghtving Then was read the Proclamation, mentioned in
«bjeaed againft Lord Falkland'?, Letter, as a Reafon why the King
^>^;'t£sexcepted againlt Sir John Evelin t as one of the
Coasnttce, Commiflioners j after" which a great Debate enfued

C Sir John Eveli'n, Sir Edward tfur^erferJ, Sir Henry luJ'nv,
and Walter Long, Efq; all of them Members of the Hcufe of Com-
roons, were, by Nnni^, t-xcepted in the King's Proclamation of Par-
•.:.» :-j tlic County of If'iln, dated at Oxford, November 2. 164;.
Ilujbands>t Cotleftiem, p. 730.

'Of E N G L A N D. 13

in the Houfe of Lords, and the Queflion being put, An. iS. Car. i.
Whether the Lord Falkland's laft Anfvver fhould be l6*2'

fent to the Commons with the Senf'e of this Houfe <rT^vT~-'
. , ^ rr i r i i i November.

upon it, or without it : it palled for the latter, and

was fent down accordingly.

November 7. The Earl of EJJex being this Day
in the Houfe of Lords, they received a MefTage from
the Commons, importing, That now the Lord-
General was returned, they ought to remember his
great Care of the Army and Hazard of his Perfon,
which he {bewecl in this Expedition : And, to that
Purpofe, they'defired the Lords to join with them
in appointing a Committee of both Houfes, to draxv
up an Acknowledgement of Thanks for his Care,
and for his Obedience to their Commands.

A Committee of both Houfes was, accordingly,
appointed to draw up an Addrefs of Thanks to the
Lord-General. The Commons further defired that
his Excellency might be commanded to give his Or-
ders to draw out the Army, as fpeedily and as con-
veniently as he could, for the Defence of the King-
dom, and to prevent the Outrages of the King's
Treops ; that Houfe being informed that Prince
Rupert was now about Windfor.

To this the Lord-General faid, That the Army
had had a long March ; but, as foon as they were
fit, he would quarter them In fuch Places as {hould
be moil convenient for the Prefervation of thofe
Parts.

The fame Day the Commons fent up a Vote of
their Houfe, on the King's Objection to Sir John
Eveliri) to this Purpofe :

Refblved, ' That this Houfe holds it to be a De-gotij Houfes &•-
rial in his Majefty, and a Refufal to grant a Treaty dare this to be a
with the Parliament, in excepting unto one Of the Re(ufal of PCACC
MefTengers that were to prefent a Petition unto him.0"
from both Houfes, and denying to grant him a Safe-
Conduct.'

The Queftion being put, by the Lords, Whether
the King's Safe-Conduct (houid be accepted upon
thefe Terms ? It paflTed in the Negative.

After

14 'The Parliamentary His TOR v

As. iS. Car. I. After this'a Committee of both Houfes were ap-
1641. pointed to go into the City of London, to acquaint.
^7— v-— ' the Common-Hall with all the Ways the Far-
e-van tr. ijament nac] ufe(j to procure a Treaty for a Peace,
without being able to effect it ; and to quicken them
to a Refolution of defending and maintaining their
Liberties and Religion, with their Lives and For-
An<i fend a Com- tunes. Likewife, the Committee of Safety were
t?ac". ordered to prepare a Declaration upon this Denial

quaint tnc CHty _ , .__. ' * . . - » r

of Lander, there- °f tne Kings to admit fuch Members as were ap-

*-ith. pointed, by both Houfes, to prcfent their Petition ;

one of the Heads of which was to be, the King's

expreffing a Readinefs to receive a Petition from the

Rebels in Ireland.

November 8. Two of the Committees from the
Parliament to the City, on the above Occafion, were
the Lord Brooke and Sir Henry Vane, junior ; whofe
Speeches, at the Guildhall, being yet prcferved, we
here fubjoin them in their own Words us follows ; k

And firft Lord Brooke.

My Lord Mayor and Allermcn, and tbe reft of tbt
Gentlemen here ajjemblcd^

Lord tfresjf's ' T Am to deliver a MefTage to you from the
S?«rh to the |_ Lords and Commons now afTembled in Par-
Citizeas. Jiament ; but before I do that, I (hall crave Leave

to excufe fomething that hath happened : There
fhould have been divers Lords, and fome Gentle-
men of the Houfe of Commons here, far fitter to
have done this Work that is no\v put upon me, if
they could poffibly have attended the Service, who
were appointed by the Houfe j as the Lord-General
of the Horfe, the Earl of Bedford, and fome other
Lords ; but you will all conceive that they, being
all Men employed in the Army, could not attend
this your Service ; tho' they are about your Service
and the Good of the Kingdom, which is giving
Order for your Safety, and theirs ; and therefore, I

hope,

k From the Coll««jons of the late Tb'.vat Sclattr Bacon, EK; of
Cambridge, to which we arc obliged for many cutioai
thrfc Tiroes.

Of E N G L A N D. 15

hope, you will take it in good Part, that there is no An. 18. Car. i»
other Appearance here. l64z-

* Gentlemen, what I have to fay to you, in ftiort, V7T"V"7""1
is this : I fuppofe, at this Time of Action, you will
not expect long Prefacings ; if you do, I am the
unfitteft Man in the World to do it : I {hall there-
fore (hortly deliver my Mefiage. 1 doubt not but
you have heard fome Whifperings of an Accommo-
dation ; and no Man that is an Honeft Man, a Re-
ligious Man, a Free Man, that loves Religion and
the Kingdom, but would have an Accommodation;
for nothing is more miferable, and nothing is more
diffracting than War : But that an Accommodation
fhould come upon Terras ignoble and difadvantage-
ous, that never was in the Thought of either Houie,
and I hope never will be ; and, I am ordered to tell
you, never mall be.

' I am at this Time to intreat you, in the Name
of both Houfes of Parliament, to go on courage -
oufly> and fight, and prepare yourfelves for that
which is at hand : W^e hear the Enemies approach
nearer every Day, who aim at nothing elfe but to
fwallow up our Religion, Lives, Liberties, and
Eftates ; and therefore it becomes you to labour to
defend them all.

' I have more to fay, but it is better faid here in
the Votes of the Houfes of Lords and Commons;
I defire they fhould be read unto you, and therein
you will fully underftand what their Senfe is.

Monday, yth of November, 1642.
The Qiieftion being put, Whether a Safe-Conduft
Jball be accepted upon thefe Terms ? It pafs'd with,
the Negative.

e This was, firft, in the Houfe of Commons.
The. Meaning of this Vote is, There was a Safe-
Conduct defired of his Majefty for fix Perfons, two
of the Houfe of Lords, viz. the Earl of Pembroke
and the Earl of Northumberland^ and four of the
Houfe. of Commons ; among thefe there was one
Sir John EveUn> of Wilt/hire : The King would not

let

1 6 *&}£ Parliamentary Hisrokv

is. Car. I, let him have a Safe-Conduit, becaufe he was one thrrt
was named, by him, a Traitor the Day before; an4
that was done, as is thought, on purpofe to take him
off from being one; therefore the Houfe of Com-
mons did look upon that as a Denial, in that he could
not have a Safe-Conduct. This Vote of theirs was
prefented to the Houfe of Lords, and they concur-
ed with it, i>:z.

Refolved, upon the Queftion,
This Hiuf'e hddeth this to be a Denial of his Ma-
jefty, and a Refufal to grant a Treaty to the Parlia-
ment, in excepting againjl one of the Meffcngers that
was to prefent a Petition to his Majejiy from both
Houfes to that Purpofe, and denying to grant him a
Safe-Conduft.

Rcfulvcd, &c.

That Committees of both Houfes Jhall be appointed to
go to the City of London, to acquaint the Common-
Hall with all the Ways the Parliament hath ufed to
procure a Treaty for a Peace, and could not effctt it ;
find to quicken them to a Refolution of defending and
maintaining their Liberties, and their Religion, with
their Lives and Fortunes ; and that they have appointed
a Committee to prepare a Declaration, upon tJ^is
Denial of his Majefty to admit fucb Members as were
Appointed, by both Houfe s, to prefent a Petition to his
Majefty for a Treaty ; and of his Majefiys expreffmg
his Willingncfs to receive a Petition from the Rebels in
Ireland.

6 Here is one Thing more, Gentlemen, that is
worth your taking Notice of; this is fo well faid,
I {hall not need to fay it over again ; only here, in
the latter End, you fee there is a Committee ap-
pointed to come hither, to give you an Account of
tjie Reafons moving them on to this Action ; and
to fhew you all the Ways they have ufed, if it were
poflible, to have procured a Treaty for a Peace.

* There is another Thing in the End, very re-
markable, which you may very well take Notice
of: His Majefty will not, but upon Terms altoge-
ther unfitting, accept of any Treaty from us -, yet,

at-

O/* ENGLAND. 17

at the fame Time, is willing to receive a Petition An. iS, Car. !.
from the Rebels in Ireland.

« We are no Rebels ; but dutiful in all we do :
They are Rebels and Traitors in the Judgment of
all Men ; and yet he will receive no Petition from
us 3 but he will receive a Petition from them !'

Sir Henry Fane fpoke to this Effect :

My Lord Mayor and Alder men ^ and the reft of the
Gentlemen here

« TT is not unknown to you, with what Diffi-SkF«w? ?*«'•,

|_ culties, with what pangers, both Houfes of
Parliament have a long Time conflicted, for to
bring the Liberties, and the Religion, and the Wel-
fare, of this Kingdom into fuch a Pofture as might
give all the Inhabitants thereof full Satisfaction.
It is not unknown likewife, how bufy the Ene-
mies of this great Work have been, to caft Scan-
dals, to caft falfe Afperfions, upon the Proceedings,
upon the Carriage of Parliament ; they therefore
thought fit, (that they might undeceive all Perfons
of the greateft Malice, and of the greateft Oppofi-
tion to their Endeavours) not long iince, to frame
a Petition ; a Petition full of Humility, a Petition
full of*Modefty, whereby they did defire his Maje-
fty that they might apply themfelves to make fuch
Proportions to him, as might effect this great
Work.

' This Petition, that it might be delivered, they
thought fit for to name (as this Noble Lord hath
told you) fix Perfoos ; two of the Lords Houfe,
and four of the Houfe of Commons j Men that they
thought altogether without the leaft Scruple, with"
out the leaft Exception, knowing that nothing in
the Carriage of thefe Perfons could render them lia-
ble to Exception, but their Duty and Obfervance to.
the Commands of both Houfes. When the Names
of thefe Perfons were fent to his Majefty, for to
have a Safe-Conduct, immediately, I think the very
Pay before, there came out a Proclamation againft
one of them, excepting him put of the Grace and
VOL. XII. B Fa-

1 8 The Pat 'lla:nc::tnry- HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. Favour of his Majefty, as it is termed, and laying
\ 5tl* him in the Condition of a Rebel and of a "i

him, for his Obedience to, and Obfervar.ee
of, the Commands of .Parliament.

' This being; brought to b<,th rloufes, they looked
on it as a Buiinefs of f,»ch grent Importance, that
if they {hould fuffer any one Member, or any one
Perfon, that, through hrs Dutifulnefs und '
vance of their Commands, Ihould lie under aCknnr
with his Majefty, fo as rot to be a:i:^iitc<!
Prcfence, but be looked at in fuch a Condition, as
this Proclamation put him in : They looked on it>
I fay, as the preateft Iiuiicrnity, and the
Calumny that could befall a Patliarrfftit ; a:vJ tru*
greateft Difcouragement that ihould lie upon all
.Men to ftand to a Parliament, if they fliould not
be defended and protected : Hereupon they rdblved
to declare, That the Unwillin|:nefs lav not in them
to make Peace ; but it lay in that ill Counfel, and
that defperr.te Counfel, that hath hemm'd in his Ma-
iefty ; ai'.d will not fuffer fuch Points, \vi!I not fuf-
fer fuch Proportions as thefe, to take Effect with
him; but will labour to deftroy all your Kftates and"
Properties, and all that is near and dvar to you in
this Kingdom.

' The Houfe of Commons, therefore, have
thought it fit to acquaint you with thefe Proceed-
ings ; to Jet you krtow how careful they are, by all
Ejod Ways, and by all good.Means, to prefent their
oyalty and Duty to his Majefty, to take Care of
themfelves, and all that belongs to you : But, when
they fee all will not take Effect, they doubt not
but you will join cm.lially, and join refolutely, with
your Purfes, and with your Endeavours, and with
all that lies in your Power, to acquit yo.urfelves
like Men ; to defend yourfelves ; to defend them
that have laboured in your Work, in your Caufe,
and who arc willing to fpend their Lives and Blood
in your Service to the utmofl Man : Therefore they
defire this of you, that, fince they have taken this
Care, \o.. -...I hearken to no Reports that (hall
tend to the Difparagement ef their Proceedings ;

but

Of E N G L A N D. 19

but will unanimoufly concur to defend yourfelvesAn. 18. C»r. i,
againft that Violence and Oppreifton, that is now
alinoft at your Doors. — And this is that we have to
recommend to you.'

Then the Lord Brooke fpoke again.

Gentlemen,
Tfcttave but c
_ ThisHon

but one Word more to trouble you with. Lord Zr«ek?*
_ "This Honourable Gentleman, Sir Henry fW,fecond Speech.
hath exprefs'd fo fully all that was in the Meilage,
that, truly, I fhould wrong him and myfelf too, if
I fhould fay any more ; therefore I fhall now fpeak
to you of another Thing. It is not fit any thing
that concerns you (hould be concealed from you.

' I came this Day to this Place, to this Houfe,
about another Bufmefs, which I have already com-
municated to my Lord Mayor and the Aldermen,
and the Committee. I think it will not be unfit
you fhould know it. I have the Confent of feme,
that underftand this Bufmefs very well, to what I
now fliall do. Gentlemen, the Meffage was this,
it was a Meffage from his Excellency ; it is to let
you know how near the Danger is at Hand, that fo
you may gird up the Loins of your Refolution, and
acl like Men of Courage. Gentlemen, Citizens
of London^ (better than whom no Man did in that
Army we had lately in the Field) the Enemy's
Foot, as we underftand, are very near Staines, their
Horfe are about King/Ion. We cannot fay that all arc
there ; but that there are both Horfe and Foot, and
it is certain our Foot are going to them : So that
the Queftion is now, What is to be done ? This is
a certain Truth among all Soldiers, That you muft
keep Evil as far off you as you can ; you muft not
let it come near your Doors : You muft not think to
fight in the Sighs, and Tears, and Eyes, and Di-
ftra&ions of your Wives and Children ; but to go
out, and meet it valiantly as you have done.

4 God hath {hewed himfelf a God cf Love and

Mercy, and truly we mull give him all the Honour

of that Day ; certainly it is the greateft Victory that

B 2 evcv

20 fbe Parliamentary HISTORY

An. i?. Car. Lever was gotten ; near zco'o (I love to {peak with
the leaft) on their Side flain ; and, I ara confident,
not I0° on our Side, unlefs you will take in Wo-
men and Children, Carmen, and Dogs ; for they
flew the very Dogs and all. If you take in Wo-
men, Children, Carmen, and Dogs, then they flew
about 200. But that ico fhould be flain on one
Side, and 2000 on the other Side, is a very mira-
culous Thing.

' God that dealt fo wonderfully heretofore, it
were to diftruft him, if we did not think he would
do fo again. Truly he hath a People among us ex-
ceedingly beloved.

* What is it we fight for ? It is for our Religion,
and for our God, and for our Liberty, and all. And
what is it they fight for ? For their Luft, for their
Will, and for their Tyranny } to make us Slaves,
r.nd to overthrow all.

' Gentlemen, mcthinks I fee your Courage by
your Faces. 1 fpy you ready to do any thing j and
the General's Refolution is, to go out To-morrow,
and do as a Man of Courage and Refolution ; and
never Man did like him ; for he was not only Gene-
ral, but Common SolJicr ; for he led up his own
Regiment, he led up his own Troop in his own
Perlbn ; and when the Left Troops of Horfe de-
ceived him, he brought up the Right Troops. He
himfelf will go out again, and do again as much as
lie hath done : All this is for your Sakei, for he can
be a Freeman* he can be a Gentleman, he can be a
great Man, he caji go where he will ; therefore it
is only for your Sakes he is refolved to go out To-
morrow. His Forces are weary, his Forces are
fpent, fome came but laft Night into Town, fome
marched above twenty Miles, which is a great
March, as fome that know what it is can tell ; but,
as weary as they are, he is refolved to go out ; and
if you will affect the Caufe, and join with him
Hand, and Heart, and Sword, he will take it as a
Favour ; but if you will not, he doubts not but
Sword will do the Work alone.

'I

Of ENGLAND. 21

I fpeak not this that I doubt you, but that you An. 18. Car. I.

would refolve, that when you hear the Drums beat, l642-
(for it is refolved that the Drums {hall beat To- *""" -V7*J

T-\ n ii L i j November.

morrow ; our Drums {hall beat to lead out our
Men, and the Committee's Drums {hall beat to
Jead out their Men) fay not, I befeech you, I am not
of the Trained-Band, nor this, nor that, nor t'other;
but doubt not to go out to the Work, and fight cou-
rageouily, and this fhall be the Day of your Delive-
rance.'

Nov. 9. Nottoithftanding the foregoing Speeches
to the Citizens of London leem to breathe nothing
but War, yet the Houfe of Commons thought- fit to
foften the Harflinefs of their Vote of the yth ; for,
this Day, Mr. Pvmme brought up a different Refo-
lution, to which he dellred their Lordfhips Concur-
rence, viz.

c Refolved, That the Petition {hall be fent to his The Commons
Majefty ; and the Reafons which induced the Com- [ffend ihdr p'e-
mons to make this Vote, he faid, were thefc ; tition to the

F/r/?, c The great Advantage which {hould beKJng;
gained by a fettled Peace ; for, thereby, they {houl J
better attend to the War in Ireland; and it would
unite the King; and Kingdom more clofely, and pre-
vent the Lofs of our Religion and the 'Liberties of
the Subject ; for Peace, upon other Terms than
thefe, they refolve never to accept : That,

Secondly , ' The Houfe of Commons did, alfo, con-
fiuer the Danger the King's Perfon was in at the lafl
Battle ; and the great Mifchiefs that War had al-
ready brought upon the Commonwealth, which
would be increafed if it {hould be continued j fo
much Blood being already fpilt and many of great
Quality flain ; and that Sir "John Evelin (hould be left
to his Liberty to go along with the reft if he think fit.' f

To this pacific Vote the Lords readily agreed; but which the Lords
as though the Commons defigned to {hew the Kingagres to:
the Olive Branch in one Hand and the Sword in the
B 3 other,

f Lord Clarendon remarks, That, by this Expedient, the Commons
fetisfied themielves, that the leaving Sir John Evelin behind them,
without bringing another in jiis Room, was no Submiffion to the
King^» Exception.

22 Tbe Parliamentary HISTORY

other, the fubfequent Rcqueft came along with it ;
which was to defire the Lords to join with them in
:ber' ordering the Lord-General to draw out his Army
the next Morning ; and that a Proclamation mould
0 out that Aftcrnnoon for all Soldiers, on Pain of
eath, to repair to their Colours : And that the Ar-
their Regiments, my might not be at a Lofs for Recruits, the Com-
mons fent up the following Ordinance.

diwncffor^nl' TX/Hereas, in Times of Common Danger and

couraging Ap- ' VV Neceflity, the Intereft of private Perfons

prentices to lift. < ought to give Way to the Public : It is ordained

4 and declared, by the Lords and Commons in Parli-

* ament, that fuch Apprentices as have been, or mall
4 be, lifted to ferve as Soldiers, for the Defence of

* the Religion and Liberty of the Kingdom, his
4 Majefty's Royal Perfon, the Parliament, and the
4 City of London ; their Sureties, and fuch as ftand
4 engaged for them, lhall be fecured againft their
4 Mafters, their Executors, and Adminiftrators,
4 from ail Lofs and Inconveniences, by Forfeiture
4 of Bonds, Covenants, Infranchifements, or other-
4 wife : And that after this public Service is ended,
4 the Mafters of fuch Apprentices fhall be com-
4 manded and required to receive them again into
4 their Service, without impofing upon them any
4 Punifliment, Lofs, or Prejudice for their Abfence,

* in the Defence of the Commonwealth.

4 And the Lords and Commons do further declare,
4 That, if it {hall appear that the Mafters of fuch
4 Apprentices have received any confulerable Lofs by
4 the Abfence of their Apprentices, they will take
4 Care that reafonable Satisfaction (hall be made un-
4 to them, out of the Public Stock of the Kingdom,

according to Juftice and Indifferency.'

*

The Commons, alfo, defired the Lords to join
with them in fending a Committee of both Houfes
again to the City, to acquaint them with the Rea-
fons that moved the Parliament to fend this Petition
to his Majefty j and to let them know the Refolu-

tion

O/ E N G L A N D. 23

tion of the Parliament is, That they will not agree An. 18. Car. r.
to any Peace, but what fhall be fully for the Prefer- . ^/— .

vation of Religion, the Liberty of the Subject, and ^Tt'^T
i ft- i «-\ • r \ ' TS-' j T»I •<- November,

the fettling the Quiet of the Kingdom : That if

this cannot cffe&ually be done, both Houfes are re-
folved to fpend their Lives ami Fortunes, in the
Maintenance thereof.

To this the Lords agreed; and ordered, That
the Lord Mayor fhould be deiired to call a Com-
mon-Hall, at Six that Evening, if he could, or
elfe at Nine o'Clock next Morning. A Com-
mittee of four Lords, with a proportionable Num-
ber of Commoners, were appointed to go to the
City on this Occafion. At the fame Time the
Speaker of the Houfe of Lords was ordered to write
the following Letter :

To the Right Honourable the Lord Vifcount Falk-
land, Principal Secretary to his Majefty ; or, in
his Abfence, to any of the Lords the Peers attend-
ing his Majefty.

My Lord,

/Am commanded, by tie Peers affemb'ed in Parlia- A Letter fent t«
ment, to dejire your Lordfoip to gdvertife bis A&--JjfJJ^J pj^
jefty, that the late Petition, refolved on by both Houfes \\m.
of Parliament, will be pre/ented unto him ; which
they believe proper for your Lordjhlp's Knowledge^
that fo his Majefty may be acquainted with it j and
thus I reft

Your Lord {hip's

November 9, 1642.

affectionate Servant,

G R E Y.

November 10. Committees of both Houfes beins;

, • ,- i T-. . ~ ,°And a Commit-

gone out, on their feveral Lmbaffies, one to thetee go to ac.

King, and the other to the City, the Houfe ofqualnt the City
Lords only met and adjourned to the next Day. °f London there-
In the Committee for the latter, were the Earl of Wlt '
Holland and Mr. Pymtnet whofe Speeches at the

Guild-

24 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. \.Gulldaall on the Occafion, not being printed in
1642. Rujhworth's Collegians, we think deferve a Place in
*T""V"" "^ thefe Enquiries. s

November.

The Earl of Holland's Speech.

My Lord Mayor, and you Gentlemen and Inhabi-
tants of the Cityi

The Earl of « "¥ TT T £ are commanded by both Houfes of Par-

2*3(8: VV liament to come hither, and to deliver to

eafion. you, that are their great Affiftams, an Account of

a Resolution they have taken to fend a Petition to

his Majefty, grounded upon thefe Reafons :

' The firft is, That there is a Duty towards God
to feek Peace, indeed to feek it with all Men ; there-
fore properly and naturally with the King: This
they are directed to do. If Peace flies from us, to
purfue it, to follow it : This is their holy Duty.

* They have likewife taken into their Thoughts,
very ferioufly, that which may concern the Safety
of the King's Perfon, being engaged in this laft Bnt-
tle, through his own Refolution and Adventures,
to put his Perfon in fome Hazard ; they have a
Tcndernefs of that; and, amongft other Confider-
ations, it is that which prevails with them to de-
lire that He may not be in Danger, if it be poffible,
by a further Purfuance of this Action ; which, in
all Probability, muft come to a fecond Blow, and
that fpeedily, if there be not fome other Way taken
for an Accommodation.

' There is another Reafon that they are likewife
perfuaded the more willingly thus to petition and to
defire Peace ; that is, for the Saving and Recovering
the Kingdom of Ireland out of the Diftrefs that you
have long feen it in. They know the Impoflibility
for this Kingdom to relieve that, if we continue
in thefe Diffractions and Confufions within our-
felves j and, therefore, believe nothing can contri-
bute or conduce towards the recovering of that King-
dom, and the delivering of thofe Perfons from Dan-
ger

t Ltr.Jon, PrUited for Peter Celt, near

Of E N G L A N D. 2

ger that you fent thither, but our Quietnefs and An. jfc. Car. I.
our Peace here. If that Kingdom fhould fall into
other Hands, fuch Hands as it may likely and pro
bahly do, what Inconvenience, what Danger, mud
fall upon this Kingdom, from the Po'wer and the
Neighbourhood of that, you all muft imagine.

* They do likewife confider what Advantages, in
the Diftradtions amongft ourfelves, Foreign States
may take, when our own Hands are weakened, ami
a Defolation through the whole Kingdom : Thofe
that do malign our Religion, their Confcicnces di-
rect them to deftroy it, as well as their Ambitions
to make a Conqueft of the Nation > how orert we
ihall be likowife to them for any Prejudice, or any
Danger that may fall upon us.

* Befides, they have a Confideration of the whole
Kingdom, that have fo long continued in Peace, in
the Bleffings of Peace, fo long in the Beds of Peace,
and in the Arms of Peace, (for thefe hundred Years
there have been no Civil Divifions nor Diftraclions
within this Kingdom) and thofe Abundances thr.t
Peace hath procured, and thofe Happinefles which
are all likely to be devoured by the Sword of War ;
as in every Part of the Kingdom, already you fee
hew it begins to deftroy, with what Height, with
what Power, with what Infolency.

4 Thefe are Confiderations, that have made them
believe, that as it is a Duty to God, it is that which
they owe likewife to the King ; it is that which they
owe to the Kingdom, in which they have been born
and bred; it is likewife a Difchase;e of their own
Confciences, that every Body may fee that it is not
their Faults, if Peace be not procured.

4 But though they are thus refolved, and upon
thefe Reafons, to offer a Petition, and to feek Peace
by all the Ways that are pofiible, yet they have
commanded me to let you know, that, as they defire
Peace, they will prepare for War ; they have given
Directions, that this Day my Lord-General (hAl
carry his Army out of the City ; there is a Rendez-
vous appointed ; they fliall there draw themfelves
together in fuch a Condition, a«, we are very con-
fident,

26 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. i.fident, and very hopeful, we fhall be able to defend

*N^£te^ ' We are likewife refolved, and fo I am com-
manded to deliver to you, That as we have long
kept together with Resolutions to defend our Privi-
leges, our Religion, our Liberties, and Laws ; fo
\ve will continue in the fame Refolution, and the
lame Pyrpofe to do fo ; nothing fhall deter us from
it. If we can find Peace from his Majefty upon
thefe Conditions, that Religion, and Laws, and our
Liberties, and all, may be happily fecured to the
Kingdom and to you all, we fhall be glad of it ; and
it will be a Blefiing to us, and to you all : If it can-
not be done, we are refolved, and fo I am com-
manded to let you know, nothing fhall difcourage
us, neither 'Danger, nor Power, nor any thing ; but
if we cannot maintain our Religion, our Laws, and
9ur Liberties, we will perifh and die for it.'

Mr. Pymmis Speech.
My Lord Mayor and Gentlemen,

And Mr. ' T^ ^ere *s utt^e to ^e a(^ed to that which was
Pjwwr's. faid by this Noble Lord, who hath repre-

fented to you (to you of this famous City of London*
who will make it much more famous by thefe noble
Affections, which you have mewed ftill to the Pub-
lic Good, and bv yielding fo much Aid, and fo
much Encouragement as you have done, to the
Parliament in maintaining ir) the Senfe of both
Houfes, the Reafons and Motives upon which
they did defire Peace : Motives, Indeed, that have
wrought with us from the Beginning of this War
to this Time; for we fhould never have fteppcd
one Step towards War, if we might have had, or
hoped for, fuch a Peace as might have fecured Re-
ligion and Liberty, and the Public Good of the
Kingdom ; but truly ill Counfel did exclude us from
fuch Hope.

' We now conceive that the King, having feen
the Courage of his Subjects, having feen the Danger

•f

Of ENGLAND. 27

of bis own Perfon, and fo much Blood (lied about An. 18. Car. I.
him, he will be more tractable to good Conditions l64-«
of Peace, than he would have been before ; and that ^— v — -*
is the Reafon why we do think fit to try him, once ovember.
more, after this Battle that hath been lately fought,
before it come to another Battle.

* It is true, that this may feem a Resolution con-
trary to that which was opened to you within thefe
few Days ; but you will conceive, that all great
Councils are fubjedl to alter their Refclutions, ac-
cording as Matters alter, and as the Apprehenfions
of Matters alter ; for if Things appear more clear

and hopeful to them at one Time than at another, •

it is no Diihonour for them to vary according to
their Appearance, Judgments, and beft Reafons ;
fo long as they do it with Affections to the beft Pur-
pofe •, which you may reft aflured the Parliament
hath done : And though we defire Peace very much,
yet a Peace to betray Religion, or to betray our Li-
berties, we (hall always efteem worfe than \Var ;
therefore we fhall put it to a very quick IfTue, if the
King receive the Petition, to make fuch Proportions
as you may fee :

' Fir/I, Whether you (hall be fecured in your
Religion ; in your Religion with a Hope of Refor-
mation ; fuch a Reformation as may maintain the
Power of Religion, and the Purity of Religion, as
well as the Name of Religion ; for we fhall not be
contented with the Name, nor without a Reforma-
tion that (hall maintain the Power of it.

* Next, We fhall purfue the Maintenance of our
Liberties ; Liberties that may not only be in Laws
and Statutes ; but Liberties that may be in Pradlice
and in Execution ; and to take fuch Courfe, that
you may have the Effects of them in Truth : For
to have printed Liberties, and not to have Liberties
in Truth and Reality, is but to mock the Kingdom ;
and I hope we fhall take Care for that in the fccond
Place.

4 Thirdly, We fhall take Care to maintain the
Dignity and the Honour of Parliament j for that

28 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.is what will be a lafting Security to you in your

1642,. Liberty and Religion.

«— -v— -* « We {hall take Care, in thefcurtb Place, to an-
N«ve»lKr. j-wer ^ Affections of the City of London, That we
will not confent to any Thing that {hail be prejudi-
cial to them: We will preferve them in the higheft
Degree of Honour, that ever this City of London
was in ; and truly it is now in the higheft Degree of
Honour that ever it was ; for you have carried your-
felves in fuch a Regard to the Public, that never
any of your Predeceflbrs did fo before ; and there-
fore we fhall, in a Peace, be as careful of you as
«f ourfelves j and you may be aflured of this, that
if we have not this Peace, OUT Lives, our Pains,
our Eftates, they fhall all join with you, in maintain-
ing that with the Sword, which we {hall not get in
an humble Way by Petition ; and this we {hall
bring to a quick IfTue.

' Therefore I {hall only move you, as I am
commanded to do from the Parliament, that you
will not think there is any Fainting on our Parts ;
that we are more cold, or iefs affectionate to any of
thefe good Ends than heretofore we have been ; but
that we would compafs them with more fecure Ad-
vantage : For if you can get thefe by Peace, you
will have great Advantages by it ; you will hinder
foreign Invafions from beyond the Seas ; you will
quickly be able to Mafter the Rebels in Ireland ;
you will quickly be able to fupprcfs the Papifts that
begin to rife in England-, then you fliall have a per-
petual Security, that they fliall never be able to
hurt you more : Therefore, if we can have fuch a
Peace, without further Hazard and Blood-fliedding,
we {hall praife God, and efteem it as a great Blef-
fing ; but if not, pray lay not down the fame Spirits,
for we have the fame Hearts, and Multitudes of Spi-
rits, and the Kingdom inclinable to us. Where the
King has been, many, to fave their Eftates and
Lives, have {hewed themfelves but Men j for it
was not to be thought that fmgle Counties fliould
maintain themfelves againft an Armyj but they

have

Of E N G L A N D. 29

have Hearts as they had before ; and no doubt but An< l8- Car- It
they will join with us, with more Alacrity, when t[_^_*^__t
they fee we have defired Peace by all the Ways we November.
could, and cannot have it.

« We (hall, by this Means, fatisfy ou/ own Con-
fciences ; we {hall fatisfy many Members of Parlia-
ment, that defired it might be put on this Way ;
we {hall fatisfy many of the Kingdom too, that
have held themfelves indifferent ; but when they
fee there is no Hope of Peace, in fuch a Way, with-
out Blood, certainly they will ftand to us for Reli-
gion and Liberty ; which muft be deftroyed if we
cannot fecure them without War : Therefore, I
{hall commend to you, that you would not let fall
any Part of your Contributions, for it is that which
muft maintain the Army ; nor entertain ill Appre-
henfions of the Parliament ; but go on fo as you
have done, and I hope it will be fuch an End as
God may have all the Glory, and you all the
Comfort.'

November 1 1. A Letter was read in the Houfe of
Lords, directed to their Speaker fro Tempore.

My Lord,

iv ere got near Maidenhead, when Sir Peter Account of ft»
Killegrew met zw, and told us that his Majejly Pet»'°«>s being
was on Horfe-back, on bis Way ttwards Colefirook 5 ****
and that bis Plcafure was, we Jhould return thither
and attend him there. When^ foon after his drriva!y
his Majejly fent for z/J, and we prefented the Petition
as we were commanded. His Majejly returned an
Anfwer, which we here inclofe, in the fame Words ^
or as near as we can recolleft them. This is all the
Account that can be given by

Uxbridge, NOT, 10,

1642, A. NORTHUMBERLAND.

Your Lordfhip'a Servants,

A. Nop.THUMBER.LAN!

PEMSROKE and MONTGOMERY.
- -

43° Tke Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. The King's Anfwer, referred to in the foregoing
^_ '' Letter, was then read.

November. T Know you do not exticf tl:r.t I Jhould give you an
His Ma' eft 's -dnfiuer now to this^ which is of jo gnat Jmport-

'

ftrft Anlve'r. ancf > l'ut famtthina I will fay, at this pnfmt^ to
the Preamble^ mentioning the -Javixg of the 'tiff u /ion
of Blood. I have often proftffed^ and called God find
Man to wittiffiy t<;ut if other A&H, whom <
Tune will difc over, had b ten as careful as my fa If ^ this
War had not happened. Jrhat I lave dt,nc -vjas fsr
my own Safety, and to maintain that Goventnuttt
with Honour ) which my Father left me. I will not
hinder your Return to London, but tiW/, in Part9
deliver my Anjwer to you To-morrow^ and fend it more
fully by jome Mejfengers of my own.

Amongft other Bufmefs done this Day, in the
Houie of Lords, we find a Form of Thanks drawn
up to be prefented to their Lord-General ; which,
for its extraordinary Style, and high Exprefiions of
Gratitude, deierves our Notice.

Both Houfes re- t /TpHE Lords and Commons afTemMed in Par-

turn Thinks to * i- • T^\ »-T

iJicEarl ofEffex A hament, having, upon mature Denotation,

•orbisCondutl. ' and aflured Confidence in the Wifdom, Courage,

' and Fidelity of Robert Earl of E//ex, chotn and

' appointed him Captain-General of the Forces

* railed by the Authoiity of Parliament, for the De-
' fence of the true Proteftant Religion, the Kino:,
4 Parliament, and Kingdom, ROW in great and ap-
' parent Danger ; do find, That the faid Earl hath

* managed this Service, of fo high Importance, wkh

* fo much Care, Valour, and Dexterity ; as well
' as by the extremeft Hazard of his Life, in a bloody
' Battle, near Keynton^ in Warvuickjhir^ as, by ail

* the Actions of a moft excellent and expert Com-
4 mander, in the whole Courfe of this Employ-

* ment, as doth deferve their bell Acknowledge-
' ment. We dp, therefore, declare and publifh,
' to the lafting Honour of the faid Earl, the great

* and acceptable Service which he hath, herein,

* done to the Commonwealth j and fball be ready

* and

Of E N G L A N D. 31

c and willing, upon all Occaiions, to exprefs the An, 18. Car. !.

* due Senfe which we have of his Merit, by affifting l6*2-

6 and protecting him, and all others employed under 'n ^T~*

C, i • L- o • • L T • November.

* his Command, in this Service, with our Lives
' and Fortunes, to the uttermoft of our Power.

* This to remain, upon Record, in both Houles of

* Parliament, as a Mark of Honour to his Perfon,
' Name, and Family, and for a Monument of his
' fmgular Virtue, to Poftenty.' '&

But the Commons were of Opinion, that the And the Com.
Earl of EJJcx deferved more than an Addrefs ofmons vote hini
Thanks ; for they refolvcd, That 5000 /. be forth- 5000/'
with prefented to his Excellency from that Houfe.

The laft Thing we fhsll take Notice of, in theOfdersforafren,_
Buiinefs of this long Day, is an Order of Parlia-blingall the Sol-
ment for a ftr'tcl: Search to be made, in the Cities ofdiertof thePar-
London and IVeflminfttr^ and their Suburbs, Soi<t/j-li*menCfl Arrn-"
work, &c. for all Officers and common Soldiers,
belonging to the Earl of Effex's Army ; and to bring
them to the Palace- Yard, Weftmlnjler^ that they
might be lent forthwith from thence to the Army.
And all Alehoufe-Keepers, or other Houfholder*,
were ftruftly prohibited from harbouring any fucli,
on very fevere Penalties. This to be publiflaed, by-
beat of Drum, throughout the Places above-men-
tioned. And for a greater Inducement for all the
Soldiery to repair to their Colours, at the Time ap-
pointed, the Commons ordered every Foot-Soldier
Half a Crown, and the Horfe Five Shillings a-piece,
over and above their Pay.

November 12. The Earls of Northumberland and
Pembroke reported to theLords, That they had waited
on the King, Yefterday ; who, to fave Time, had
returned a full Anfwer, by them, to their Petition.

His Majefty* ANSWER to the efarefaid PETITION.

4 T T 7E take God to witnefs how deeply we areThe Ki"6's f«">

' W affbaed with* the Miferies of this King- ^rP£«S^£

* dom, which, heretofore, we have ftrove, as

6 as Peace

g It is accordingly entered ifi both Journals,

32 7/?v Parliamentary HISTORY

Aa. iS. Car. I. ' as in us lay, to prevent ; it being fufficiently known
1641. « to au tne World, That as we were not the firit
^ — v~ — ' * that took up Arms, fo we have (hewed our Rea-
' dinefs of competing all Things in a fair Way, b/
' our feveral Offers of Treaty ; and {hall be glad,
' now at length, to find any fuch Inclination iu
' others : The fame Tenderneb to avoid the De»
' ilruvfiion of our Subjects, whom we know to be
' our greateft Strength, which would always make
' our greateft Victories bitter to us, {hall make us
' willingly hearken to fuch Proportions whereby
' thefa bloody Diftempers may be flopped, and the

* great Diftractions of tiiis Kingdom fettled, to
' God's Glory, our Honour, and the Welfare and

* Flourifhing of our People j and, to that Er.d, {hall
' refide at our own Caftle at Windfsr^ if the Forces

* there {hall be removed, till Committees may have
' Time to attend us with the fame; which, to pre-
' vent the Inconveniences that will intervene, we

* wifti may be haftened, and {hall be ready there ;
' or, if that be refufed us, at any Place were we {hall
' be, to receive fuch Proportions as aforefaid, from
' both Houfes of Parliament, Do you your Duty j
' we will not be wanting in ours : God of his Mer-

* c)' give a Bleffing.'

After the reading of this Anfwer, it was refolved
to con^municate the Contents of it to the Commons.
Then the Lord -General ftood up, and defired he
might receive Directions from the Houle how he
fliould order his Forces during the Time of this
Treaty : For, if he {hould advance his Quarters to-
wards the King,, it might be thpught an A& of Ho-
ftility ; and, it he {hould omit any Thing, then he
might be looked upon as remifs. Thereupon the
Houfe refolved to write a Letter to the King's Se-
cretary, to know his Majefty's Pleafure concerning a
Ceflation of Arms, during the Time of this Treaty ;
and gave the Lord -General Directions to forbear
doing any A& of Hoftility while further Orders.
The Commons having given their Concurrence, a
Letter was fent to the Secretary in thefe Words :

My

Of E N G L A N D. 33

^Iy Lord,
7 dm commanded, by the Lords and Commons in Par- An. 18. dr. I.

liament, to fignify to your Lord/hip, that, with l64*«
much Joy, they received his Majejty's Gracious Anfwer ^T.~*~ ^
unto their Petition ; expreffing his pious Inclinations
unto Peace. They do refolye, with all Diligence, toorrl
fend their humble Proportions unto his Majefty, and, ter con
likewife, their Anfwer concerning Wind for- Cattle ;Ceflation of Ho-
in the mean Time, they defire to know his Majejlys ftilities*
Pleafure, how the Armies jhall govern themfe-lves, and
whether he does not refolve on a Cejfation of all AcJs
of Hoflility, upon the Overture for Peace. This is
all 1 have, at prefent, unto your Lordjhip^ adding
Duty, unto it, and an AJJurance of being
Your Lordfhip's

moft afFedionate Friend
and humble Servant,

GREY.

The Houfe of Commons, however, did not wait
for any Anfwer from the King ; for this Day they
agreed to fend a Meflage to the Lord-General, to
defire him to proceed according to his beft Advan-
tages, notwithstanding the foregoing Letter fent to
the King by Sir Peter Killigrew, or any Proceedings
thereon ; in regard the other Side had begun to aft
Hoftilities fmce that Letter was agreed upon. The
General anfwered, That he did not intend to be
amufed by Treaties; but, fmce they had begun with
Aclrs of Hoftility, to purfue and fee what they would
do.

Nov. 13. The Parliament had now the City of
London fo much at their Devotion, that, this Day,
the Commons being informed, That feveral Ci
y,ens were at the Door, who defired to offer fome-
thing to their Confideration, thqy were called in : Jt* to the Com-
And one Mr. Shute, a Merchant, in the Name ofmons>
the reft, addrefled the Houfe in a Speech, which
appears to have been a very long one by the fol-

VOL. Xlf. C ' lowin?;

34 I7je Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18- Car. I. lowing Heads of it taken and entered in the Com-

1642. mons Journals :

t-r"v~T"' ' That they did acknowledge, with all Thahk-
fulnefs, the continued and unwearied Care and Pains
of this Houfe, for the Prefervation of the true Pro-
tcftant Religion, the Liberty of the People, and the
Privileges of Parliament.

' They have prefented a Petition of ten Particu-
lars ; to which they expect an Anfwer in convenient
Time.

' They fpcak in the Language of many Thou-
fands : That they fear they are bought and fold.
Thefe Things they prefent :

I. * That in a Cafe of fo much Danger, and fo
great Concernment, there {hould be but one Army
to rely upon.

2. "' That, in all this Time, the King's Strength
lying in Horfe, that the City {hould not appear in
a confiderable Body of Horfe. — Though it has been
offered, and not effe&ually yet put in a Way, they
do now again offer it.

3. f That ffindjbr-Caflle {hould not be provided
for as it ought.

4. • That Col. If Giles's Regiment, Men of that
Courage, and fo confiderable, {hould be expofed t<»
a Place of fo imminent Danger, lying next to the
Enemy's Forces, and almoft naked.

5. ' The Point of Accommodation is another
Reafon cf their Grief.

They are come to this Refolution :
' That they will man out every Man his Man,
and make their own Captains and Officers, arid live
and die with the Houfe of Commons, and in Defence
thereof: And if there be any in the Lords Houfe,
that do any way retard or hinder this public Defence,
they wifh they would declare themfelves ; and that
they wexe with the King.

6. * Another Matter of their Grief was, That
the Saibatb Day {hould be fo long profaned by pub-
lic Authority ; and the Book that enjoins it, not

unit bv the Hands of the common Hangman.

They

Of ENGLAND. 35

They ob/erve that this Day they have fo profaned An. iS. Car. I.
has been the Day of" their Ruin. a

7. « The Blood of the Martyrs, (bed in Queen
JWary's Days, done by public A£h of Parliament,
and no Expiation as yet made for it.

8. ' The Officers in the Army (though they muft
always mention my Lord-General with Honour,
as one in whom they abfolutely confide) not fo care-
ful and diligent as they ought, nor all of them fo
trufty.

9. « The Numbers of the Prifoners very great,
and of dangerous Condition ; and the Matters and
Keepers of thofe Prifons not to be confided in. b

JO. * The good Minifters in Time paft filenced,
and put out by the Bifliops.

' You have our Perfons, Purfes, and Eftates,
all at vour Command : You may do with us at your
Pleafu're.

' We come in the Name of the Godly and Aclive
Part of the City.'

The Citizens being withdrawn, the Commons
came to the following Refclutions :

1. ' That the Book concerning Injoining and To-
lerating of Sports upon the Sabbath Day, be forth-
with burnt by the Hands of the common Hangman,
in the ufual Places.

2. ' That this Houfe doth accept of the Offer of
the Citizens, of furnifhing Horfe and Foot ; and
doth account it to be a Service much importing the
Safety of the Commonwealth} and doth return them
public and hearty Thanks.'

The Citizens being called in again, the Speaker,
by the Command of the Houie, told them, ' They
found that what was faid was exprefled with a
zealous and earneft Care of the Commonwealth -y
for which they returned them public and hearty
Thanks.

C 2 'For

a He means, we fuppcfe, the Battle of Edge-Kill, fought on a
.Sunday,

t> About this Time the Commons refolved, That the Eifhop of
Wincbtftir's Houfe, in Ssnttnuark, fhould be appointed aj a Piifya
fo: Deiinquant- j probabty for the Reafon here affigr^j.

36 The Parliamentary HISTORY

n. iS.Car. I. f For the Particular of Horfe and Foot, they ac-
1342. cept jt . amj jjave appOinted a particular CoTnmittee

to treat about it.

' The Book of Sports they have voted to be burnt
by the Hands of the common Hangman.'

Mr. Shute having defired to ipeak again, faid

* That the coming of the Lord General's Army into
the City of London, and flaying here fo long as they
<!id, is another Thing that troubles them; which
they forgot to exprefs before.

' Another Thing is, That fome prefent and
more fevere Courfe might be taken with Malig-
nants ; and, amongft them, with the malignant
Minifters.'

And then the Citizens withdrew.

November 14. A Letter from the King, directed
to the Speaker of the Houfe of Lords, was read ;
which was only a Command to him to communicate
the inclofed Paper to the whole Houfe ; the Purport
of which was this :

-c <* •* ^Hereas the laft Ni^ht, being the nth of
VV. *&*«»*«•, after the Departure of the

* Committee of both our Houfes, with our gracious

* Anfwer to their Petition, we received certain In-
' formation (having till then heard nothing of it,

* either from the Houfes Committee, or otherwife)

* that the Earl of EJJ'ex had drawn his Forces out of

* London towards us, which hath neceffitated our

* fudden Refolution to march with our Forces to

* Brentford i we have thought fit hereby to fignify

* t& both our Houfes of Parliament, that we are no

* lefs defirous of the Peace of the Kingdom, than

* we exprefled in our aforefaid Anfwer; the Propo-

* iltions for which we fhall willingly receive, where-

* ever we are ; and defire. if it may be, to receive
' them at Brentford this Night, or early To-mor-

* row Morning, that all poflible Speed may be
' made in fo good a Work ; and all Inconve-

* niences, otherwife likely to intervene, may be

* avoided.'

The

Of ENGLAND. 37

The Houfe was likewife informed, That Sir Peter An. iS. Car. I.

W) who was to carry the Letter fent laft from l6-t-2-
the Parliament to the King, went as far as Brent- ^~"*~
ford, where he found the King's Army engaged with
fome Regiments of the Lord-General's; and th at Where bothAr-
thcn endeavouring to go by Uxbridge, he was there miai "S^S6*
alfo ftopp'd by fome Dragoons belonging to the
King's Army; and upon that he returned back with
the Letter, which he defired to know whai to do
with.

The Lord-General faying, at the fame Time,
That he had placed three Regiments at Brentfirdy
before the Committee of Lords and Commons came
from the King, it was refolved to have a Confe-
rence with the Conomons on all thefe Matters ; and
to appoint a Committee to draw up a Declaration;
which, with the Letters pro and con, were to be
forthwith printed and published, in order to vindi-~, B ..

i A <T i -r\ r r i i rr r "e Parliament

cate the Actions and L/eiires or both rloules, con-deftretheEarlof
cerning Peace and a Deflation of Arms. At this-E/'* to make
Conference, however, it was recommended to the "afee°sfailAdvan"
Lord- General, by both Houfes, to take all Advan- ^
tage againft the Enemy, wherever he found them.

Nov. 15. The Commons reibh-ed to accept of
an Offer of the Citizens of London^ whereby they The Citizens of
engaged to raife 1000 Light Horfe and 3000 Dra-£j^BH™fecan4
goons, for the Service of the Parliament, to be Dragoons,
commanded by the Lord-General alone, and to be
accountable to none but himfelf by the Advice of
both Houfes. They alfo recommended Serjeant-
Major-General Skippon, who formerly had com-
manded the Guard appointed to attend both Houfes,
to command thofe Horfe and Dragoons in Chief
under the Lord-General ; and Col. Hurrey under
Mr. Skippon k. Mr. IVhitlocke gives us the follow-
ing Speech of the latter to his Soldiers; who, he
C 3 fays,

It Both Lord Clarendon and Mr. IVhitlocit agree in afcriting this
extraordinary Offer of the Citizens, to the indefatigable Zeil and
•A&ivity of the Lo:d Mayor Per.nington, who fucceeded to that Of-
fice by the Removal of Sir RicbardCurney, and \va* again defied for
thaYear 1643.

3 8 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Ah. 18. Car. I. fays, were more taken with it than with a formal
l64*- Oration.

November. s^QME my Boy J, iny brave Boys, let KJ pray heartily

Mr Sk! »'s flw^ fi^Jt heartily, 1 will run the fame Fortunes

Speech tothofe an^ Hazards with ycu. Remember the Cauje is for

Troops. God, and for the Defence of y surf elves, your Wives,

and Children. Come my honejl brave Boys, pray

heartily and jight heartily, and God will blefs us.

Nov. 1 6. The Committee of Safety having drawn
up an Anfwer to the King's laft Meflage, it was this
Day read and agreed to by both Houfcs, and was
in htec Verba :

The Parlia- ' 'T^O your Majefty's MefTage of the I2th of this
mcnt's Anfwer ' Month of November, we the Lords and

to the King's « Commons in Parliament do make this humble
< Anfwer, That this Meflage was not delivered to

* us till Monday the I4th. We thought it a ftrange

* Introduction to Peace, that your Majcfty fhould
' fend your Army to beat us out of our Quarters at
' Brentford, and then appoint that Place to receive

* our Propofitions ; which yet, it plainly appears,
' your Majefty intended not to receive, 'till you
' had firft tried whether you could break through
' the Army, raifed for the Defence of this Kingdom
' and Parliament, and take the City, being unpro-
' vided and fecure in Expectation of a fair Treaty

* made to fecure the City : If herein your Majefty
' had prevailed, after you had deftroyed the Army
' and mafter'd the City, it is eafy to imagine what
' a miferable Peace we fhould have had : And whe-

* ther thofe Courfes be fuitable to the Expreflions
' your Majefty is pleafed to make, in your Anfwer

* to our Petition, of your Earncftncfs to avoid any

* further Effufion of Blood, let God and the World
'judge.

* As for our Proceedings, they have, in all
' Things, been anfwerable to our Profeffions: We
' gave Directions to the Earl of EJfex to draw the
' Army under his Command out of the City and
' Suburbs, before we fent any Meflage to your Ma-

jefty,

Of E N G L A N D. 39

jcfty, fo that Part of it was quartered in I, rent ford An. iS. Car. ^
before the Committee return'd with your Anfwerj l642-
and immediately upon th£ Receipt thereof, that *T-"V"*'""''
very Morning, Order was taken that the Soldiers
{hould cxsrciie no AiSls of Hoftility againft any of
your Majeity's People : We fent a Letter by Sir
P^ter Killigreiu to know your Majefty's Pieafure,
whether you intended the like Forbearance of MQ-
(tility ; but the Fury of your Soldiers, thirfting
after Blood and Spoil, prevented the Delivery oi"
the Letter ; for coming, upon Saturday, in his Way
towards your Majefly, as far as Brentford, he
found them in Fight there, and could pafs no far-
ther. God, who fees our Innocency, and that we
have no Aims but for his Glory and the Public
Good, will, we hope, free your Majefty from thefg
deftructive Counfels of fome, who labour to main-
tain their own Power by Blood and Rapine ; and
blefs our Endeavours, who feek nothing but to pro-
cure and eftablifh the Honour, Peace, and Safety
of your Majefty and Kingdoms, upon the fure
Foundations of Religion und Juilicc.'

The Lord Grey, as Speaker, was ordered to fend
this Anfwer to the King, inclofed in a Letter to the
Lord Falkland, by Sir Peter Killigrew.

Ncz\ 18. Though both Houfcs were fo much
employed in the Military Service, that little or no-
thing elfe can be found in the Journals of either of
them ; yet, this Day, an Accident happened which
diverted them a little from that Puriuit, and turned
their Thoughts towards Law- Affairs and Courts of
Juftice. The Lords were informed, That a Mef-
lenger had been apprehended by the Lord -General, j.j;s j^a-efty ^3.
who finding about him a Proclamation and Writs ving propofed to
for the Adjournment of the prefent Term, the faid adJ°urn Micbatl-
Papers were fent to the Koufe of Commons; and,*""
upon opening, they found the Proclamation for Ad-
journment was to take Place as that very Day.
This the Commons conceived to be very deftrudive
and prejudicial to the whole Kin&dom, if it {hould
be fo ; there being three Days in the Law, one for

40 The Parliamentary HISTORV

An. 18. Car. l.Eflbigns, another for Returns, and a third for Ap-

i&t-z. pearances. And if the Term (hould be adjourned,

*T""V~"""<' ' according to this Proclamation and Writ, it would

November. ^e obftru£tive to the whole Proceedings of the Law,

and many Evils would enfue. For,

1. All former Proceedings, at the laft Affixes,
would be loft, fo that no Judgment could be given
therein.

2. No original Writs, or mefne Procefs, could
iflue out, on any Occafion, though it be to deliver
any out of Prifon.

3. If the Term ftould be adjourned, there being
an Army in the Field, and the King's Colours flying,
it would be accounted Tempus Belli, when all Laws
fleep, are filent and diflblved ; and then there would
be no Property, nor would any Violence be counted
an Injury.

4. No Fines nor Recoveries could be taken,
•whereby Men may pafs common Afiurances for fet-
tling their Eftates > befitJes many other Evils would
enfue, to the ObftruiStion of the whole Law.

Therefore the Houfe of Commons defired, that
their Lordfhips would give Direction to the Judges
to keep this Term, and not to make Adjournments
of it, either by virtue of thefe Writs, or any other
WYits whatfoever they {hall receive.

The Writs were not opened, but the Proclama-
tion was read as follows :

AndifluedaPro-* T T THereas his Majcfty did adjourn Part of this
' * V Term °.f Sf' M'ichae/i from the firft Re'

' turn, called /) Die 5. Michaelis in ires Septimanas^
« untill the Return, Oflab. S. Martini; his Majefty,
' confidering the prefent Diftraclions of this King-
' dom, doth declare, That the Refidue of the faid

* Term, beginning at the faid Return of Oflab.

* 5. Martini, be wholly adjourned, as to all Appear-
' ances, Caufes, Matters, and Things, which mould
' have been made or done in any of his Majefty's

* Courts at l^ejlminjler-, untill OElab. Hilarii next
< following; and that Writs of Adjournment mall
« be made by one Judge of each Bench, giving

them

Of E N G L A N D. 41

them Power to adjourn the Refidue of the faid An. 18. Car. I,
Term of St. Michael's ; and the faid Adjourn- l642-
ment fhall be made on the firft Day of the faid
OcJab. S. MicLaelis^ commonly called the Day of
Efibigns.

Given at Oatlands, the i$tb a/" November, in the
iStb 2'ear of bis now Majejlys Reign.

The Lords taking thefe Matters into ferious Con-
federation, as a Thing of great Importance to the
Good of the whole Kingdom, agreed with the
Houfe of Commons in the Matter of this Meflage,
and made the following Order:

Ordered, by the Lords and Commons in Parlia- The Parliament
ment aficmbled, * That the Judges of the King's ^^^"5?
Bench, Court of Common Pleas, and Barons of thefaid Term,
Exchequer, are hereby enjoined that they do not,
neither by virtue of thefe Writs of Adjournment
now fent, nor any other Writs whatfocver which
lhall be fent, adjourn this Term of St. Michael; but
that they (hail lit and proceed to difpatch the public
Juftice of the Kingdom, according as is uftial in
their feveral Courts.

This Order was read in the Houfe ; and the Judges,
prefent commanded to take Notice, and obey it.

There had been fome Intimations, for feveral Days And refolve t»
laft paft, entered in the Journals, for calling in theca!lintheAflift-
Scots to the Affiftancc of the Parliament; and thisanc
Day a Declaration was fent up from the Commons,
whereby one Mr. Pickering was authorized and re-
quired to deliver the fame to the Council of State
in that Kingdom, and otherwife to publifli it as he
fhould fee Occafion ; and that Inductions be fenc
to him to follicit the Effect of it. It was alfo or-
dered, That the faid Declaration jfhould be deliver'd
to the Scots Commiffioners refiding in London. To
all which the Lords agreed, and is as follows :

E the Lords and Commons aflembled in Their DedUra.
the Parliament of England, confidering^.°n to that
«- W.TrUrr, <,nA ™,ki;~ Aff,,A;«, „.. R^ Kingdom.

* with what Wifdom and public AffecYion our Bre-

* thren

An. i?. Car. 1.
1642.

November.

42 The Parliamentary HISTORY

thren of the Kingdom of Scotland did concur witfr
the Endeavours of this Parliament, and the Dc-
fires of the whole Kingdom, in procuring and
establishing a firm Peace and Amity between the
two Nations j and how lovingly they have fince
invited us to a nearer and higher Degree of Union,
in Matters concerning Religion and Church-Go-
vernment, which we have me!! willingly and af-
fectionately embraced and intend to purfue, can-
not doubt but they will, with as much Forward-
nefs and Affection, concur with us in fettling Peace
in this Kingdom, and preferving it in their own ;
that fo we may mutually reap the Benefit of that
Amity and Alliance, fo happily made and ftrongly
confirmed betwixt the two Nations. Where-
fore, as we did about a Year fince, in the firft Ap-
pearance of Trouble then beginning amongft them,
actually declare, That, in our Senfe and Appre-
henfion of the National Alliance betwixt us, we
were thereby bound to apply the Authority of Par-
liament and Power of this Kingdom to the Prefer-
vation and Maintenance of their Peace : And fee-
ing now that the Troubles of this Kingdom are
grown to a greater Height, and the fubtle Prac-
tices of the common Enemy of the Religion and
Liberty of both Nations do appear with more
Evidence, Strength, and Danger, than they did at
that Time: We hold it neceflary to declare, That*
in our Judgment, the fame Obligation lies upon
our Brethren by the afore-mentioned Act, with
the Power and Force of that Kingdom to affift us,
in repreffing thofe amongft us who are now in
Arms and make War, not only without Confent
of Parliament, but even againft the Parliament,
and for the Deftrudtion thereof.

' Wherefore we have thought p,ood to make
known to our Brethren, that his Majefty hath gi-
ven Commifiion to divers eminent and known
Papifts, to raife Forces, and compofe an Army
in the North, and other Parts of this Kingdom ;
'"which is to join with divers foreign Forces intended-

4 to

Of E N G L A N D. 43

' to be tranfported from beyond the Seas, for the An. i*. Car. I.

* Deftrudion of this Parliament, and of the ReH- l542<

' gion and Liberty of the Kingdom. And that the ^^j^"*'
' Prelatical Part of the Clergy, and their Adherents,

* have likewife invited his Majefty to raife another
' Army; which, in his own Perfon, he doth conduct

* againft the Pariiament and the City of London,
' plundering and robbing fundry well-afFe&ed
' Towns, within their Power : And that, in Pro-
' fecution of their Malice, they are fo prefumptuous

* and predominant of his Majefty's Refolutions,

* that they forbear not thofe Outrages in Places to
' which his Majefty hath given his Royal Word
' and Protection. A great Caufe and Incentive of

* which Malice proceeds from the Defign they
4 have to hinder the Reformation in Ecclefiaftical
' Government in this Kingdom, fo much longed

* for by all true Lovers of the Pioteftant Religion.

4 And hereupon we further deftre our Brethren of

* the Nation of Scot land, to raife fuch Forces as they
' fhail judge fufficient for the fecuring the Peace of

* their own Borders, againft the ill -affected Perfons

* there ; as likewife to nffift us in fupprefling the

* Army of Papifts and i?oreigners, which, as we

* expect, will fhortly be on Foot here ; and, if they

* be not timely prevented, may prove as mifchie-

* vous and deftrtiCtiv'e to that Kingdom as to our-
< ftJve?.

4 And though we feek nothing from his Majefty,

* that may diminish his juft Authority or Honour ;

* and have, by many humble Petitions, endeavoured
' to put an End to this unnatural War and Com-

* buftion in the Kingdom ; and to procure his Ma-

* jefty's Protection and Security for our Religion,

* Liberty, and Perfons, according to that great Truft
' which his Majefty is bound to by the Laws of the

* Land ; and {hall ftill continue to renew our Peti-

* tions in that Kind : Yet, to our great Grief, we
' fee the Papiftical and Malignant Counfel fo pre-
' valent with his Majefty, and his Perfon fo engaged

* to their Power, that we have little Hope of better

1 Succefs

44 the Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. ' Succefs of our Petitions than we formerly had ;

164*. « and are thereby neceffttated to ftand upon our juft

*r7-~v""*""' < Defence, and to feek this fpeedy and powerful

ov er. 4 Afliftance of our Brethren of Scotland^ according

' to that Adi agreed upon in the Parliament of both

' Kingdoms, the common Duty of Chriftianity,

' and the particular Interefts of their own King-

' dom : To which we hope God will give fuch a

* Blefling, that it may produce the Prefervztion of
' Religion ; the Honour, Safety, and Peace of his

* Majefty, and all his Subjects j and a more ftrict
' Conjunction of the Counfels, Defigns, and En-

* deavours of both Nations, for the Comfort and
' Relief of the Reformed Churches beyond the

" Seas>' JOHN BROWN, Cler. Par/.

Nov. 7, HEN. ELSYNGE, Cler. Dom. Com.

1642.

In Anfwer to the foregoing Declaration of Parlia-
ment, the King fent the following Meflage to the
Lords of his Privy Council of Scotland^ fome Time
after : But we bring it in here for the Sake of Con-
nection.

Right Trujly and Right Well-beloved Coufms and
Counsellor 's, and Right Trufty and Well- beloved
Counsellors, iue greet you we/lt

The King's An-* "\TI 7*E nave lately feen a Paper, prefented to us
c \\ by the Earl of Lindfay* as a Declaration
' of the Lor(ls and Commons aflembled in the Par-
' liament of England^ of the feventh of November?

* to our Subjects of our Kingdom of Scotland ;

* which, after many high Taxes of us and our Go-

* vernment, very earneitly invites, and in a Man-

* ner challenges, Afliftance from that our Native
' Kingdom, of Men and Arms for making a War

* againft us ; making a Claim to that Afliftance, by

* virtue of the late Act of Pacification, to the which

* (out of our Defire to make a perpetual Union be-

* tween our two Kingdoms, for the Happinefs of
' both, and by it the more firmly to eftablifh our

Of E N G L A N D. 45

e own Greatoefs and juft Power) we chearfully con- AH. iS. Car. I,
' fented. i64z.

' As we are, at our Soul, afflicted that it hath been *"-*" •"V- -*
« in the Power of any fadious, ambitious, and '
' malicious Perfons, fo far to poffefs the Hearts of
' many of our Subjects of England, as to raiie this

* miferable Diftemper and Diftractioji in this King-
' dom, againft all our real Actions and Endeavours
' to the contrary ; fo we are glad that this Rage
' and Fury hath fo tar tranfported them, that they
' apply themfelves, in fo grofs a Manner, to our
' Subjects of Scotland-, whofe Experience of our

* Religion, Juftice, and Love of our People, will
' not fuffer them to believe thofe horrid Scandals

* laid upon us ; and their Affection, Loyalty, and
' Jealoufy of our Honour, will difdain to be made

* Instruments to opprefs their Native Sovereign, by
6 affifting an odious Rebellion.

' We have, from Time to Time, acquainted our
' Subjects of that Kingdom with the Accidents and
' Circumftances which have difquieted this ; how
« (after all the Acts of Juftice, Grace, and Favour

* performed on our Part, which were, or could be,

* defired to make a People completely happy) we
' were driven, by the Force and Violence of rude
c and tumultuous AfTeoiblies, from our City of
*- London, and our two Houfes of Parliament : How

* Attempts have been made to impofe Laws upon

* our Subjects without our Confent, contrary to the

* Foundation and Confiitution of this Kingdom :
' How our Forts, Goods, and Navy were feized

* and taken from us by Force, and employed againft

* us : Our Revenue and ordinary Subiiilence wrefted
' from us : How we have been purfued with fcaa-
c dalous and reproachful Language ; hold, falfe^ and
s feditious Pafquils and Libels publickly allowed
' againft us ; and been told, That we might, ivith-

* out Want of Modefly and Duty, be depcfed.

' Now, after all this, before any Force was, raifed

* by us, an Army was raifed, and a General ap-

* pointed to lead that Army againft us ; with a

* Coroiniflign to kill, flay, and deftroy all fuch who

' ihould

46 *The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. C«r. I.4 fhould be faithful to us. That when we had been,
1642. < by thefe Means, compelled, with the Alliltance

of our <rood Subjedts, to raife an Aimy for our

November. t • \n r

4 neceliary Defence ; we lent divers gracious Mei-

fages, earneftly defiring that the Calamities and

* Miferies of a Civil War might be prevented by a
« Treaty, and fo we might know the Ground of

* this Mifunderftanding. How we were abfolutely

* refufed to be treated with ; and how, at laft, the

* Army (tailed, as was pretended, for the Defence

* of our Perfon) was brought into the Field agaimt
4 us, gave us Battle; and, though it pleafed God to

* give us the Victory, deftroyed many of our good

* Subjects, with as imminent Danger to our own

* Perfon and our Children, as the Skill and Malice

* of defperate Rebels could contrive. Of all which,
4 and the other Indignities which have been offered
« us, we doubt not the Duty 2nd Affettion of our
4 Scots Subjects will have fo juft a Rdentmer.t, tli;-t

* they will exprefs to the World the Senfe they
4 have of our Sufferings. And our good Subjects
4 of Scotland are not, we hope, fa great Strangers

* to the Affairs of this Kingdom, to believe that this

* Misfortune and Diflraclion is begot and brought
4 upon us by our two Houfes of Parliament ; tho',
4 in Truth, no unwarrantable Action againft the
4 Law can be justified, even by that Authority.
4 They well know how the Members of both

* Houl'es have been driven thence, in fo much that,

* of above five hundred Members of the Houfe of
4 Commons, there are not now there above eighty ;
4 and of above one hundred of the Houfe of Peers,
4 not above fifteen or fixteen : All which are fo

* awed by the Multitude of Anabaptifts, Brownifts,
4 and other Peofons, defperate and decayed in their
4 Fortunes, in and about the City of London^ that,
4 in Truth, thtir Confutations have not the Free-
•* dom and Privilege which belongs to Parliaments.

4 Concerning any Commiflions granted by us to
4 Papifts to raife Forces, we muft refer cur good
4 Subjects to a Declaiation, lately fet forth by ui
' upon the Occafion of that Scandal, which we

4 fend

Of E N G L A N D. 47

* fend together with this ; and for our own true and An. 18. Ci-. T.
f zealous Affection to the Proteftant Religion, the

* Advancement whereof our Soul defires, we can
' give no other Inftance, than our conftant Practice,
' on which Malice itfelf can lay no Blemifh, and
' thole many Proteftations we have made in the
' Sight of Almighty God ; to whom we know we
*• fhall be dearly accountable, if we fail in the Ob-
' fervation.

' For that fcnndalous Imputation of our Inten-

* tion of bringing in foreign Forces ; as the fame is
4 raifed without the leaft Colour or Shadow of Rea-
' fon, and folemnly difavowed by us in many of

* our Declarations ; fo there cannot be a clearer

* Argument to our Subjects of Scotland^ that we

* have no fuch Thought, than that we have hither-
' to forborne to require the Aiiiftance of that our

* Native Kingdom ; from whole Obedience, Du-

* ty, and Affection, we fhould confidently expedt
' it, if we thought our own Strength here too weak
' to preferve us ; and of whofe Courage and Loy-
' alty we fhall look to make ufe, before we fhall
' think of any foreign Aid to fuccour us. And we

* know no reafonable or understanding Man can
' fuppofe our good Subjects of Scotland are obliged,

* or enabled, by the late Act of Parliament in both
' Kingdoms, to obey the Invitation which is made
' to them by this pretended Declaration ; when it
' is fo evidently provided for by that Act, That as
' the Kingdom of England fbalt not make War agair./l
' the Kingdom of Scotland, without Conjent cf the

* Parliament of England ; fo the Kingdom cf Scot-
' land jhail not make War again/I the Kingdom of

* England, without the Conjent of the Parliament
' of Scotland ;' and when they have always decla-
' red themfelves fo careful of our Honour, Safety,

* and juft Rights, which now undergo fo great Yi-

* olation.

* This we have thought fit to fay upon (Dccafum

* of this late Declaration; and do commend it to

* you, the Lords of our Privy -Council of our Kfng-

* dom of Scotland, to be communicated and pub-

* lifhcd

48 The Parliamentary HISTORY
lilhed to a11 our lovin? SltbJeas there : A™* ^

_ ' l°e grave Counfel and Advice, which you derived
November. ' hither by your Act of the 22d of Apnl laft c, had
' been followed here, in a tender Care of our Royal

* Per ion, and of our Princely Greatnefs and Autho-

* rity, then would not this Face of Confufion have

* appeared, which now threatens this Kingdom :
4 And therefore we require you to ufe your utmoft

* Endeavours to inform our Subjects of that our
' Kingdom of the Truth of our Condition ; and

* that you fuffer not the Scandals and Imputations,
' laid on us by the Malice and Treafon of fome

* Men, to make any Impreflion in the Minds of
' our People, to the lefTening or corrupting their
' Affection and Loyalty to us ; but that you aflure
' them the Hardfliips we now undergo, and the
' Arms we have been compelled to take up, are tor

* the Defence of our Perfon, and the Safety of our
' Life ; for the Maintenance of the true Proteftant

* Religion; for the Prefervation of the Laws, Li-

* berties, and Constitutions of this Kingdom ; and
' for the juft Privileges of Parliament ; and we look
' no longer for the Blefling of Heaven, than we en-
' deavour the Defence and Advancement of all
' thefe : And we doubt not a dutiful Concurrence
' in our Subjects of Scotland, in the Care of our
' Honours arid juft Rights, will draw down a Blef-
' fing upon that Nation too.'

Nov. 19. A Letter was read, directed to the Lord
Grey of Werk, as Speaker, from the Lord Falkland,
with his Majefty's Reply, inclofed, to the Anfwer
of both Houfes to his Majefty's Meflage of the I2th
Inftant, which was alfo read as follows :

The King's Re- « rr^HAT his Meflage of the I2th, though not

!!w*Jf*£l' J- received by them till the I4th, was fent to

fwer. ' them, firft, upon the fame Day on which it was

' dated -, and, meeting with Stops by the Way, was

* again fent upon the I3th, and taken upon that

« Day,

«• In our Tenth Velume.

Of E N G L A N D. 49

'•Day, at Ten in the Morning, by the Earl of Ef-An. 18. Car. I.
' fex ; and, tho' not to him directed, was by ;him * *

* opened ; fo the Slovvnefs of the Delivery is not fo ^^^be*
' ftrange, as the Stop of that Letter faid to be fent

c by Sir Peter Killegrtw, which his Majefty hath

* not yet received ; but concludes, from the Matter
' expreffed to have been contained in that Letter,

* (to wit, to know his Pleafure, whether he infend-

* ed the Forbearance of Hoftility) and by the Com-
' mand of fuch Forbearance, faid to be fent to the

* Lord of EJftx's Army, that no fuch Forbearance
4 was already concluded ; and, confequently, neither
' had his Majefty Caufe to fuppofe that he fhould
1 take any of their Forces unprovided and fecure, in

* an Expectation of a fair Treaty ; neither could
' any hoftile A£t of his Majefty's Forces have been
' a Courfe unfuitable to his Expreffions •, much lefs

* could an Endeavour to repofiefs that Place (for
' fo he hop'd he might have done, which might
' have flopped the further March of thefe Forces

* towards him ; which, for ought appeared to him,

* might as well have been intended to Colebrook as

* Brentford ; and, by that, the further Effufion of
' Blood) deferve that Style.

* His Majefty further conceives, That the print-

* ing, fo out of Time, fuch a Declaration as their
' Reply s to his Anfwer to theirs of the 26th of May,
' but the Day before they voted the Delivery of
' their Petition ; and the March of the Earl of Ef-
'/<?.v's Forces to Brentford^ fo near to his Majefty,

* when the Committee at the fame Time attended
c him with a Petition for a Treaty, (the Earl of

* Effex being before poflelTed of all the other Avc-

* nues to his Army, by his Forces at Windfor, Ac-
' ton, and Kingfton) was a more ftrange Introduc-
' tion to Peace, than for his Majefty not to fufter
' himfelf to be cooped up on all Sides, becaufe a

* Treaty had been mentioned ; which was fo really

VOL. XII. D « and

£ This Reply, which on account of the exceffive Length of it, we
omit, was not ordered to be printed till the ad of November, though
patted by both Houfes in July. It may be found both in RuJ/ytaonk
and Kufiands.

50 T^e Parliamentary Hi s TORY

An, 18. Car. I.' and fo much clcfired by his Majefly, that this Pro-
' ceeding feems to him, purpofely, by fome intended
' to divert, which it could not do, that his Inclina-
' tion.

' That his Majefty had no Intention to matter
' the City by fo advancing, bcfk'es his Profeflion,

* which how meanly foever they feem to value it,

* he conceives a fufficient Argument, efpecialiy be-

* ing only oppoied by Sufpicions and Surmifes, may
' appear by his not purfuing his Victory at Brentford^

* but giving Order to his Army to march away to

* Kingjlon as foon as he heard that Place was quitted,
' before any Notice or further Appearance of Forces
' from London ; nor could he find a better Way to

* fatisfy them before-hand, that he had no fuch In-
' tention, but that his Defire of Peace and of Pro-

* pofitions that might conduce to it ft ill continued,

* than by that Meifage of the twelfth ; for. which
' Care of his he was requited by fuch a Reception

* of his Meflage and Mellenger, as was contrary at

* once both to Duty, Civility, and the very Cuiloms

* and the Law:of War and Nations ; -and fuch as

* theirs, though, after this Provocation, have not

* have found from him. b

* His Majefty wonders that his Soldiers fhould be
' charged with thirfting after Blood, who took above
' 500 Prifoners in the very Heat of the Fight ; his
f Majefty having fince difmiiled all the common

* Soldiers, and entertained fuch as were willing to

* ferve him, and required only from the reft an Oath

* not to ferve againft him.0 And his Majefty fup-

* pofes fuch moft apt and likely to maintain their
' Power by Blood and Rapine, who have got it only
f by Oppreflkm and Injuftice ; that his is vefted in
« him by the Law, and by that only (if the dcftruc-

' tive

b Mr. Wbitt, the King's Meflcngcr, wns very roughly ufed by the
Earl of Effex, and the Parliament committed him to the Gatebouje,
not without the Motion of fome Men, That he might be executed as
a Spy. Clarendon, 81-0. Vol. \H. p. 76.

e Two of the Parliament's moft eminent Chaplains, Dr. Dmvn-
inp, and Mr. Marjlal, publickly avowed, That thofe Men were not
•bilged by that Oath. UiJ.p.Si,

Of E N G L A N D. 51

five Counfels of others would not hinder fuch aAn- *s- Car. j.

Peace, in which that might once again be the uni- ,— 4—

verfal Rule, and in which Religion and Juftice can NoveJT,be:
only flourHh) he defines to maintain it. And if
Peace were equally defired by them, as it is by his
Majefty, he conceives it would have been proper
to have fent him fuch a Paper, as mould have con-
tained juft Propofitions of Peace, and not an un-
juft Accufation of his Counfels, Proceedings, and
Perfon. And his Majefty intends to march to fuch
a Diftance from his City of London^ as may take
away all Pretence of Apprehenfion/rom his Army,
that might hinder them, in all Security, from yet
preparing them to prefent to him ; and will there
be ready either to receive them, or end the Pref-
fures and Miferies which his Subjects, to his great
Grief, fuffer thro' this War, by a prefent Battle.''

When this was read, the Earl of Northumberland
informed the Houfe, That he had received a Packet
of Letters taken about Mr. JL'vrr^', who brought
this Reply from the King ; and defired to be directed A Conference
what to do with them. Hereupon the Lords opened thereuF°n'
and perufed the Papers, and found a Copy of the
Reply, with a Declaration of his Majefty, and a
Warrant fent to the King's Printer to print them.
Upon which a Conference was refolved on with the
other Houfe, to defire them to join in appointing a
Committee, to confider what Anfwer was fit to be
given to this Reply of the King's ; it being a Bufi-
nefs of fo great Confequence, that either a great deal
of Mifery, or a great deal of Happinefs, would follow
upon the Refolution to be taken thereupon.

November 21. Mr. Shute, at the Head of feveral
Citizens of London, appeared this Day again before
the Commons. What he had to offer {rands thus
upon their Journals^ < That he came to fpeak toFartherproP°
them from the moft Active and the moft Religious S
Part of the City, to acquaint the Houfe 'they under-
ftood that an Accommodation was on Foot ; which
grieved their Hearts, confulering what followed on
D 2 the

52 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. l. the Jaft : gut if the Accommodation went not on,
then to confider how Monies might be raifed, in
^ucn ^ort as tnat tne w^ole Charge might not lay
upon the Good and Godly Party ; but that the Ma-
lignant Party might be forced to bear their Share,
fully, according to their Abilities.

' Another Thing which troubled them, he faiJ,
was an Imputation caft upon the Godly Part of the
City, by the Malignant Party, 25 ii" they defired an
Independent Government fhould be fet up in the
Church, which they defired might be wiped off.'

After returning Thanks to the Citizens for their
Proportions, and the Affection exprelYed in them,
the King's laft Meflage was read ; and the Queftion
being put, Whether the Houfe would, forthwith,
refolve itfelf into a Committee to take it into Con-
iideration ? It patted in the Affirmative, only by 75
againft 65 ; when, after fome Debate on the Mef-
fage, the Queftion being again put, Whether the
Houfe fliould be refolved into a Committee To-
morrow Morning to refume this Debate ? The
Houfe divided, when the Numbers were 67 for the
Queftion and 66 againft it : Two fmall Majorities
to carry fuch important Queftions, upon which, as
the Lords had before obferved, depended the Good
or the Mifery of the Kingdom.

November 22. This Anfwer took up a great deal
of Time in perfecting ; for though a Committee of
both Houfes went immediately upon it, yet, this
Day, we find Mr. Murray, the King's Meflengcr,
was difcharged from Attendance, and fent back ;
becaufe, it is faid, it was uncertain how long it might
be e'er the Anfwer would be ready ; and the Speaker
was ordered to write to the Lord Falkland, to ac-
quaint the King with the Reafon for this Delay.

The fame Day the Commons being informed,
That divers Citizens were at the Door, they were
called in; and Mr. Sbute, once more, told them,
in the Name of the reft, That one Thing, which
exceedingly troubled them, was, the Point of Ac-
commodation

Of E N G L A N D. 53

commodation of Peace, more to be feared than their An. iS. Car. I.

Power. If the Accommodation proceed not, .^ft-^J

Monies then to be raifed. November.

* They would propound three Ways :

1. ' Concerning Plate in the Halls of London.

2. * Subfcriptions in the feveral Wards under-
written, not yet brought in.

3. *• Weekly Subfcriptious to be advanced.
' The Means for faving of Monies.

1. * To cut offfuperfluous Charges by uonecef-
fary Officers in the Army.

2. * That there may be due Mufters.

3. * Indifferent honcft Men to be chofen in every

Ward, to raife and advance the Subfcriptions,

Foreign Merchants to be brought in, to give their
AiTiftance to the Public. — Then they withdrew.

And being again call'd in, Mr. Speaker, by Com-
mand of the Houfe, return'd them Thanks, as before.

November 23. A Report was made to the Lords
of a Conference held the Day before ; which Mr.
Pvmtne faid, was appointed by the Houfe of Com-
mons, to acquaint their Lordihips with fome Votes
pafs'd by that Houfe, in Anfwer to the King's Re-
ply, to which they defired the Lord's Concurrence.
Thefe were divided into two Parts :

I. ' That in the Anfwer to his Majefty's Mef-
fage, the Houfes {hould defire the King to return to
his Parliament; to the end that Religion, Laws, and
Liberties may be fecured by the Advice of Parlia-
ment ; that the Procefs and Juftice of Parliament,
being the Supreme Court of Judicature, might have
its free Courfe, and be executed on Delinquents ;
and that they might not be protected and kept from
Juftice by Force. In particular, that the Lord
Digby and Mr. Henry Wilmot, be, prefently, deli-
vered over to the Juftice of Parliament. That the
Commons remember what Misfortune lately befell
the two Regiments, at Brentford^ upon the faft
Treaty ; therefore they now think fit to declare, That
both Armies (hall be left to take all Advantage they
can, on both Sides, in the mean Time.

D 3 2. < Con-

54 <The Par v HISTORY

2. ' Concerning the Challenge ; the Houfe of
Commons fay, They think it ftrange that the King
of England fhould fend a Challenge and Invitation
1 er* to a Battle with his own Subjects j feeing, hereto-
fore, his Majefty feemed to decline the Effufion of
Blood, and profefled ufmg all Means to prevent the
fame : Therefore the Houfe of Commons refolve to
be in Readinefs ; but if his Majefty will withdraw
himfelf from his Cavaliers and the Army, he {hall
be received j if not, they will not decline, if he has,
a Mind, to give a Battle, the Time anJ Place be-
ing firft appointed.

' Thefe are the Heads the Houfe cf Commons
have refolved on ; which, if their Lordfhips fhould
concur with, they defired that Committees of both
Houfes might be appointed to put them into a Form
fit to he fent to his Majefty.'

This Report being made, the Lords ordered,
APetition drawn That the Confederation of this Matter fhould be put
up by the Lords to a Committee of their whole Houfe then prefent j

in Anfwer to the , . ,. , , TT ,. , , •

King's laft Re- and immediately the Houfe was adjourned, during
ply. Pleafure, the Lords going into the Prince's Lodg-

ings to debate it. And, in the Afternoon of this
Day, the Earl of Holland, one of the Committee
appointed, in the Morning, to confider of the fore-
going Votes, delivered in a Draught of a Petition, to
be prefentcd to the King, in which they thought fit
to leave out the whole, relating to the Challenge,
and only to fend the following :

May it pleafe your Majefty,

TT is humify defired by both Houfes of Parliament,
•*• That ycur Majefty wculd be pleafed to return to
your Parliament with your Royal, not your Martial,
Attendants ; to the end that Religion, Laws, and
Liberties, may be fettled and fecured by their Advice ;
fnding, by a late and fad Accident, that your Majefty
is invironed by fame fuch Counfels, as do rather per-
Juadt a defyerate Divifiin, than a "Joining and a good
Agreement with your Parliament and People ; and
we Jball be ready to give yonr Majejiy AJ/urar.ces of

fuch

'Of

GLAND. 55

fitch Security, as may be for your Honour and the An 18. Car. I.
Safety of your Royal Pcrjw.

Or elfe we /hull, in convenient Time, conjider of
fit Proportions to be fent to your Majefty, fuch as
may be for the Prefervation of God's true Religion,
your Majejiy^s Honour, Safety, and Profperity, and
to tlje Peace and Happine/s of this and your other
Kingdoms.

The Lords, on the Queftion, agreed to this Pe-
tition, and ordered it to be fent down to be com-
municated to the Commons at another Confe-

Next Day a Report of this fecond Conference which, after
was made in the Houfe of Lords, That the Com- feme Alteration*
mons faid, They ftudied nothing more than theby the .Com-
good Correfpondency between the two Houfes, and J™1 ent to
they defired a Continuance of it; though they dif-
fered fomewhat in Opinion, about the Conference
the laft Night, on the laft Petition intended to be
fent to his Majefty. That they agreed to the firft;
but had refolved, That the latter Part, beginning
with the Words, Or elfe, C5V. fhould be left out.
To this the Lords consented ; and alfo to another
Vote of that Houfe, to fend to the Lord-General,
the Earl of EJfex, to defire him to go on, notwith-
itanding, with all Advantages, in profecuting the
War. Accordingly the former Part of the Petition
was fent in a Letter to the Lord Falkland, to be by
him nrefemed to the King.

The fame Day we meet with, in the Commons
Journals, a Vote and Divifton of that Houfe, which
fhews the great Jealoufy they had of any Intelli-
gence being carried to the Kin^ : For the Queftion
being propounded, Whether Mr. Jfffyi the King's
Servant, £hou!d have Mr. Speaker's Warrant to go
to the Kins, to carry him Stockings and other Ne-
cefiaries ; it pafs'd in the Affirmative by 26 againft
18, but this on Condition of Mr. Wheeler's under-
taking, that Mr. JeJJy (hould carry nothing elfe.
The Tellers upon this Occafion were Sir Edward

Afcough

56 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. \.Afcougb and Mr. Trenchant, for the Yeas; Mr.
1644. Marten and Mr. Long, for the Noes.

November. ^ ^ ^ Q^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^
A Committee before, for fending to the Lord Mayor to call a
fiJT'aftrthi6" Common Hall J and this Da7 a Committee of five
Supply from the L°r''s» with a proportionable Number of Corn-
Citizens of L0»-moners, were appointed to go thither. At this
d™* Meeting the Earl of Mancbejler f, one of the Com-

mittee, and Mr. Pymme another, were the Mouths
of the reft ; whofe Speeches beft explain the Errand
they were fent upon s. And firft the Earl.

My Lord Mayor, and you Gentlemen of the City
of London,

The Earl of ' T Am commanded to come hither upon an Er-
Manebefter^s |^ rand, that I know, in the general, is never
p^fi^^pleafing; which is, to exprefs Wants and Necef-
feflment for that faies ; but I know very well to whom I fpeak, it
Purpofe. is to the Worthy, the Generous, and the Loyal

Citizens of London ; who have exceeded all Story,
in their Care for the Life and Preiervation both of
the Parliament and the whole Kingdom ; therefore
it would imply a Diftruft of your prefent Care to
make a Supply, if I fhould ufe any Arguments to
you : I fhall only fay this, That if there be not an
Enlargement of yourfelves in fome Meafure at the
prefent, I fhall be very unwilling to exprefs the
Condition that I fear our Army will be reduced to:
This is all that I (hall fay, that if there be a prefent
Supply, I do not doubt but the Army will move
with that Effedt, as it will prevent all thofe barba-
rous and favage Plunderings of the Forces that are
now under the Command of thofe Officers of the
King.

* I confcfs the Burden hath lain very heavy upon
the City cf London only ; but you fhall have the
Grace and the Honour of the Prefervation both

of

f This Lord [EJward Mcxtagat] has been formerly fpcken of
under the Title of Lord Kimtekan j but, about this Time, fucceedcd
to the Earldom of Mancbeflir by the Death of his Father.

C London, printed for Peter Coif, near the Royal Excbang e, 1641.

Of E N G L A NT D. 57

pf Religion and the Laws and Liberties of this An. 18. Car. \.
Kingdom. l64*-

'This Gentleman, that is by me, will let you VT"~VT"<I
i , .. i i • n r • / i T i November.

know that it is already in Proportion, (and I do

not doubt but it will fpeedily has'e the Concurrence
of the Lords with it) to take that Care, that the
future Burden fhall not lie upon thofe here in the
City of London^ that have been careful to make
Supplies, even to the exhaufting of themfelves; but
that it fhall go generally to ail thofe that have
fhrowded themfelves under a Kind of Neutrality
here in London ; and that it {hall go generally
throughout all the Counties of England; that fo
the common Calamities fhall be prevented, or fup-
ported by the common Burden laid upon the whole
Kingdom.'

Then Mr. Pymme fpoke to this Effect:

My Lord Mayor and Gentlemen^

come not to tell your Lordfhip and And Mr.

thefe worthy Citizens only our Wants pJmrnfs Ul.SaP*

j V\ r i i -TM i /-Fort thereof.

and Dangers, but we come to fpeak the Thanks of
the Parliament to you, for that which you have
already done ; that you have (hewed fo much Af-
fecYion to the Public, and that it hath produced fo
good Effects throughout the whole Kingdom, as
that now you have an Army raifed, moft out of
this City, able to defend (with God's Blefling) the
Religion and Liberty of the Kingdom, if it may
be upheld : And we come not only to give you
Thanks for that which you have done, but to ftir
you up to join with us in giving Thanks to God
that hath given fuch a Bleffing to our Endeavours,
that when, by Letters fent into all Parts almoft,
they did prefume before-hand to triumph in the
Ruin and Plundering of this City, God prevented
it, and hath kept you fafe ; kept your Houfes, your
Walls, your Suburbs, fafe from that that was in-
tended againft you ; and truly as we have fought
for this Blefling, by Fafting and by Prayer, fo it is

fit

58 tte Parliamentary HISTORY

An' \l' !rar< Im fit that we fhould teftify our Thankfgiving for it,

L — ^_ _j and this is a necefiary Part of our Errand which

November. we are ^ent about: And that we may be ferviceable

to God's Providence ftill, as he hath ftirred up your

Hearts to do fo much already, fo that he would flir

you up ftill to continue to do that which is fit to

be done for the future j and that you will do it

in fuch a Way as may be moft pleafmg to your-

felves.

' We come not hither, that, by any Confent
here in public, you {hould bind yourfelves in parti-
cular ; but we come to let you know the Dangers
of the Kingdom, the Senfe the Parliament hath of
it, and of the City efpecially, that you may not
lofe that which hath been already done ; but that
you may go on ftill chearfully to do the full Work.
And we come to tell you, that the Parliament doth
intend the Burden (hall not lie upon you that are
well affe&ed and come in voluntarily j but that
they have thought upon a Way, and have begun
it already, and I hope, within two or three Days
at the moft, it fhall be publimed to you, that all
that are indifpofed (hall be forced to do that, which,
out of Rcadinefs and Chearfulnefs to the Public
Good, they will not do of themfelves : Neither
limit we it to the City and Suburbs; but we are in
a Courfe to draw in all the Counties of the King-
dom, that as the Burden is univerfal, fo the Aid
may be univerfal ; for thefe are the Thoughts of the
Parliament.

' If it pleafe God to blefs your Forces that are
already raifed and continued, we hope you fhall
not only fee Peace again in the Kingdom, and
Security for your Religion, but fee that the Burden
fhall lie upon thofe who have been the Engines and
A<Stors of the Mifchiefs and Troubles that are come
upon us, that they fhall recompence the Charges
you have been at already.

* This is the Intention of the Parliament, only
For the prefent do fomewhat ; every Man, as God
fhall enable him, do fomewhat that may meet the

prefent

Of ENGLAND. 59

prefent Neceffities ; 'an J prevent the Dangers that An. 18. Car. I.

require a prcfent Subfidence, r.nd prefent Supply of »642-

the Army ; without which what is it will follow, ^— — •>/—— -J

but the Danger or" the City, the Ruin of the Coun- Novera er*

tries about, the Stopping up of the River which is

almoft taken from you, and the Lofs of the Sea

Coafts ? You cannot have better Hearts than you

have ; God hath enabled many of you with Purf'es ;

I hope it will be fo readily difpofed that we Ihall

have a full Joy in the Recompence of it, and the ,

Retribution ; which we fhall all pray God to bring

to pafs.'

The Rcfult of this was, That the Citizens de-
fired a Committee of both Houfes might be fent to
them, with a Power to call fome Citizens and
others to their Affiftance, and then they hoped this
Requeft of Parliament would prove fuccefsful.

The Want of Money to carry on the War be-
ing now fo very urgent, an Ordinance was fent up
this Day from the Commons, For Alleging Non-
Contributors upon the Proportions for lending Mo-
ney and raifmg of Horfe and Arms : This being
the firft Inftance of any AflefTment laid upon the
Subject without the Royal Afient, is too remarkable
to be pafs'd over,

' TTT7"Hereas the King, feduced by wicked An Ordinance

* VV Counfel, hath raifed an Army, and le-Paffed according-
« vied War againft the Parliament, and great Num- ^IcUribu"2

* bers of Forces are daily raifed under the Command tors to the P*r-
« of Papifts, and other ill-affeaed Perfons, by Com- lament's Army.

* miflion from his Majefly : And whereas divers
' Delinquents are protected from public Juftice by
4 his Majefty's Army ; and fundry Outrages and

* Rapines are daily committed by the Soldiers of the
c faid Army, who have no RefpecT: to the Laws of
4 God or the Land, but burn and plunder the
4 Houfes, and feize and deftroy the Perfons of divers

* of his Majefty's good Subjects : And whereas, for
' the Maintenance of the faid Army, divers AfTefT-

* ments are made upon feveral Counties, and his

Ma-

60 The Parliamentary HISTORY
An. 18. Car. l.« Majefty's Subjects are compelled by the Soldiers

* to pay the fame j which faid Army, if it fhould

* continue, would foon ruin and wafte the whole
' Kingdom, and overthrow Religion, Law, and

* Liberty : For fupprefling of which faid Army and
' ill-affected Perfons, there is no probable Way,
' under God, but by the Army raifed by Authority

* of Parliament ; which faid Army fo raifed cannot

* be maintained without great Sums of Money ; yet

* for raifmg fuch Sums, by reafon of his Majefty's
' withdrawing himfelf from the Advice of the Par-

* liament, there can be no Act of Parliament pafled

* with his Majefty's Aflent, albeit there is great

* Juftice that the faid Money (hould be raifed ; the
' Lords and Commons in Parliament have taken the

* fame into their ferious Confideration, and know-

* ing that the faid Army, fo raifed by them, hath
' been hitherto, for the moft, maintained by the

* voluntary Contributions of divers well- aftected

* Perfons, who have freely contributed according to

* their Abilities :

' But confidering there are divers others within
4 the Cities of L en don and Weftminfter, and the Sub-
' urbs of the fame, and alfo within the Borough of

* Soutbwark) that have not contributed at all towards
' the Maintenance of the faid Army ; or if they

* have, yet not anfwerable to their Eftates, who,
4 notwithftanding, receive Benefit and Protection by

* the faid Army, as well as others ; and therefore it

* is moft juft that they (houid, as well as others,

* be charged to contribute to the Maintenance

* thereof :

' Be it therefore ordained by the Lords and Com-

* mons in Parliament aflembled, and by Authority
' thereof, That Ifaac Pennington, Lord Mayor of

* the City of London, Sir John Woolafton, Knight
' and Alderman, Alderman Towes, Alderman War-
' ner, Alderman Andrews, Alderman Chambers,

* Alderman Fowkey Sir Thomas Soame, Knight and

* Alderman j Samuel Vaffal, "John J'ent Morris
6 Thump/on, and Richard [Paring^ Citizens, or any

' four

Of ENGLAND. 61

* four of them, fhall hereby have Power and Au-An. iS. Car. I.
' thority to nominate and appoint, in every Ward 1642.

e within the City of London^ fix fuch Perfons as they, *•* — v— -J

* or any four of them, {hall think fit; which faid fix NoVember-
' fo nominated, or any four of them, fhall hereby

' have Power to inquire of any that fhall remain or
4 be within the faid feveral Wards, that have not

* contributed upon the Proportions of both Houfes

* of Parliament, concerning the raifing of Money,

* Plate, Horfe, Horfemen, and Arms, for Defence

* of the King and both Houfes of Parliament, and

* alfo of fuch as are able Men, that have contributed,
' yet not according to their Eftates and Abilities.

' And the faid ilx Perfons fo nominated, or any

* four of them, within their feveral and refpeftive

* Wards and Limits, fhall have Power to afiefs fuch
6 Perfon and Perfons as are of Ability and have not

* contributed, and alfo fuch as have contributed, yet
' not according to their Ability, to pay fuch Sum

* or Sums of Money, according to their Eftates,
' as the faid AfTefibrs, or any four of them, fhall
' think fit and reafonable, fo as the fame exceed
c not the twentieth Part of their Eftates, and to

* nominate and appoint fit Perfons for the Collec-
' tion thereof.

' And if any Perfon fo aflefled fhall refufe to pay

* the Money aflefled upon him, it (hall be lawful
' to and for the faid Afleflbrs and Collectors, or any

* of them, to levy the faid Sum fo aflefled, by way
« of Diftrefs and Sale of the Goods of the Perfon fo
6 aflefled, and refufing.

« And if any Perfon fo diftrained {hall make Re-

* fiftance, it fhall be lawful to and for the refpective
' Afleflbrs and Collectors, or any of them, to call

* to their Afliftance any of the Train'd Bands of the
e faid City of London, or any other his Majefty's

* Subjects, who are hereby required to be aiding and
« aflifting to the faid Afleflbrs and Collectors in the

* Premifes.

' And it is hereby further ordained, That the re-

* fpeftive Burgefles «f Weftminjhr and Southward.,

6 to-

6 2 TA? Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Cat. I. 'together with the fcverai Committees appointed

1642. < for the Subscriptions of Money, Plate, Horfej

**"• *—— -^ ' Horfemen, and Arms within the laid City and

lber> « Borough, {hall refpectively have Power hereby to

' nominate Aileiibrs for tne lame City and Borough,

' in fuch Manner as the Lord Mayor, oV. hath for

* the City of London ; and the laid AfleiTors, or

* any four of them, to name Collectors as afore-
' faid ; which faid Afilflbrs and Collectors fhall
' have the fame Power refpcctive'y, within their re-

* fpedtive Limits, as thcfe to be nominated within.

* the faid City of London have hereby limited to

* them.

' And for the Suburbs of London and ii'efltmnflcr^
' the refpective Kights of the Shire where the faid

* Suburbs are, fliall have hereby the like Power to
' name Afleffors ; and they fo named, or any four

* of them, and the Collectors by tr.em to be nomi-

* nated, or any of them within their refpecYive Li-

* mits, {hall have the like Power refpcctively, as

* the Afleflbrs and Co'.Iccio.s tor London have by
' virtue of this Ordin.'.ncj.

' And be it ordained, That the Sums fo aflefled
' and levied as aforelaid, fliall be paid in at Guild-

* hall, London, to the Hands of Sir 'John IVoolafton^
' Knight, John Warner y ,

* Andrew^ Aldermen, or any two of them ; and
' the Aflelibrs and Collectors, to be nominated by
' virtue hereof, {hall Weekly report to the Commit-

* tee of the Hoi:fe of Commons for the Proportions

* aforefaid, what Sums of Money have been affeiled
' and what Sums have been levied V/ockly, accord-
' ing to the Purport hereof; and the laid Monies lo

* levied and paid in, (hall be iiliied forth in fuch
' Sort, as the other Monies railed upon the Propo-
4 fuions, aforefaid, and not otherwife.'

Which being re- *n confequence of this Ordinance the Parliament
b) leve- proceeded to raife Money by an Afieilrncnt : But
j, meetieg with ibme Difficulties in the Collection
thereof, they made another Ordinance to explain

the

Of ENGLAND. 63

the Firft ; whereby it was ordained, That if the
Collectors could not find fufficient Aflets to diftrain
upon the Refufers, they had Power to enquire what
Rents, Tithes or Debts were owing to them, and
to demand the fame of their refpective Tenants or
Debtors. This was followed by a Third Ordi-
nance, for the fpeedy Execution of the Firft. Soon
after came out another, impowering the Collectors
to break open any Chefts, Trunks, Boxes, Doors,
or other Things, whereby to take a Diftrefs for the
Sums affeffed. But all thefe not anfwering the ur-
gent Neceffities of the Parliament, yet another Or-
dinance was made ; whereby, in fuch Cafes where
the Collectors fhould certify that a fu&cient Diftreis
was to be had, but they could not come at it with-
out Oppofition, two Colonels and three Captains,
named in the faid Ordinance, and fiich Captains,
Lieutenants, Officers, and Soldiers as they {hould
appoint, were authorized to fearch.for the Refufers
of fuch AflefTment ; and bring them before tbe
Committee of the Houfe of" Commons for Exami-
nations, who had Power given th. ; laft
Ordinance, to imprifon the Refuiers in fuch Places
of the Kingdom, and for fo long Time, as they
fhould appoint and order ; and that the Families of
all fuch Perfons, fo imprifoned, {hould no longer
remain within the Cities of London and IPeJlminjier^
the Suburbs, and the Counties adjacent. — But at the
fame Time that the Parliament took" fuch eire&uai
Care to raife this AiTeiThient upon the Subjects at
large, they made an Ordinance, That the fevera!
and refpeclive AffeiTors fhould not aflefs any Mem-
bers of either of the Houfes of Parliament, or the
Afliftants of the Houfe or Peers ; any thing in the pre-
ceding Ordinances, or any of them, to the contrary
notwithftanding : I>ut that the Members of either
Houfe fhall be afTefled by that Houfe whereof they
were Members, and the AfTiftants of the Peers by
the Houfe of Peers. q This laft Ordinance, how-
ever,

. 1 The above-mentioned Ordinances may be fetn at Leng'h in
Jluflatids 's Cilk&icra from p. 766, to p, 777.

64 The Parliamentary HISTORY

.ever, for impowering the Members to tax therri-
felves, was carried in the Houfe of Commons by a
Majority of only 43 Voices againft 40.

November.

On Occafion of all thefe Ordinances the King
publifhed the following Declaration, addrefled to all
his loving Subjects :

The King pub.' T ^ would not be believed (at leaft great Pains

liflies an Aniwer* JL have been taken that it might not) that the

to them. * pretended Ordinance of the Militi:'., (the firft At-

' tempt that ever was to make a Law by Ordinance

* without our Confent) or the keeping us out of
' Hull) and taking our Arms and Munition from

* us, could any way concern the Intereil, Property,
' or Liberty of the Subject ; and it was confefled
« by that defperate Declaration itfelf of the 26th of

* Mayt That if they were found guilty of that Charge

* of deftroving the Title and Intcre/i of our Sukjeffi
' to their Lands and Goods, it were indeed a very
' great Crime,? But it was a ftrange fatal Lethargy

* which had feized our good People, and kept

* them from difcerning, that the Nobility, Gen-
' try, and Commonalty of England, were not only

* ftripped of their Pre-eminences and Privileges,

* but of their Liberties and Eftates, when our juft
' Rights were denied us ; and that no Subject could,

* from thenceforth, expect to do weil at home,

* when we were driven from our Houfes and our
' Towns.

* It was not poflible that a Commifllon could be

* granted to the Earl of E/exy to raife an Army

* againft us ; and, for the Safety of our Perfon and
' Prelervation of the Peace of the Kingdom, to pur-
' fue, kill, and flay us, and all who wifh well to
' us ; but that, in a ftiort Time, inferior Comman-
' ders, by the fame Authority, would require our
1 good Subjects, for the Maintenance of the Pro-
1 perty of the Subject, to fupply them with fuch
' Sums of Money as they think fit, upon the Pe-

' nalty

? This Declintion it in our Eleventh Volume.

Of ENGLAND. 65-

1 nalty of being plundered zvitb all Extremity of War ; An. iS. Car. I/
« (as the Style of Sir Edward Baynton's Warrant runs l64*- _j

* againft our poor Subjects in Wiltjhire) and by mch Novemt,eri
e Rules of unlimited Arbitrary Power, as are incon-

* fiftent with the leaft Pretence or Shadow of that

* Property it would feem to defend.

' If there could be yet any Underftanding fo un-
' fkilful and fupine to believe, that thefe Difturbers
' of the Public Peace do intend any thing but a
' general Confufion, they have brought them a fad

* Argument to their own Doors to convince them :
' After this Ordinance and Declaration it is not in
' any fober Man's Power to believe himfelf worth
' any thing* or that there is fuch a Thing as Law,
' Liberty, or Property left in England, under the

* Jurifdiciion of thefe Men ; and the fame Power
' that robs them now of the twentieth Part of their

* Eftates, hath, by that, but made a Claim, and

* intitled itfelf to the other nineteen, when it (hall

* be thought fit to haften the general Ruin.

' Sure, if the Minds of all Men be not ftubbornly
e prepared for Servitude, they will look on this Or-

* dinanceas the greateft Prodigy of Arbitrary Power
' and Tyranny that any Age hath brought forth irt
' any Kingdom : Other Grievances, and the great-

* eft, have been conceived intolerable, rather by the
' Logic and Confequence, than by the Preflure it-
' felf ; this, at once, fweeps away all that the Wif-
' dom and Juftice of Parliaments have provided for

* them. Is their Property in their Eftates, (fo
' carefully looked to by their Anceftors, and fo amp-
' ly eftablifhed by us againft any Poflibility of Inva-

* fion from the Crown) which makes the mcanefi:
' Subject as much a Lord of his own, as the greateft

* Peer, to be valued or confidered f Here is a twen-

* tieth Part of every Man's Eftate (or fo much
' more as four Men will pleafe to call the twentieth
' Part) taken away at once ; and yet a Power left

* to take a twentieth ftill of that which remains 5
4 and this to be levied by fuch Circumftances of Se-
' verity, as no Aft of Parliament ever confented to.

* Is their Liberty, which diftineuifhes Subjects from

VOL. XII. E « Slaves,

66 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. i«. Car. i.« Slaves, and in which this Free-born Nation hath

^J *' ' the Advantage of all Chriftendom, dear to them r"

November ' They ihall not only be imprifoned in fuch Places

' of this Kingdom, (a Latitude of Judgment no

* Court can challenge to itfelf in any Cafes) but
' for fo long a Time as the Committee of the
' Houfe of Commons for Examinations {hall ap-

* point and order ; the Houfe of Commons itfelf
' having never aflumed, or, in the Icaft Degree,
' pretended to a Power of Judicature ; having no

* more Authority to adminilter an Oath, (the only

* Way to difcover and find out the Truth of Fatts)
' than to cut off the Heads of any of our Subjects j

* and this Committee, being fo far from being a

* Part of the Parliament, that it is deftructive to the

* whole, by ufurping to itfelf all the Power of King,

* Lords, and Commons.

4 All who know any thing of Parliaments, know

* that a Committee of either Houfe ought not, by
< the Law, to publifh their own Refults ; neither are

* their Conclusions of any Force without the Con-

* formation of the Houfe, which hath the fame

* Power of controling them, as if the Matter had

* never been debated : But that any Committee

* ihould be fo contracted (as this of Examinations,

* a Style no Committee ever bore before this Parlia-
' mem) as to exclude the Members of the Houfe,

* who are equally trufted by their Country, from

* being prefent at their Counfels, is fo monftrous to

* the Privileges of Parliament, that it is no more in

* the Power of any Man to give up that Freedom,

* than of himfelf to order, that, from that Time,

* the Place for which he ferves (hall never more fend

* a Knight or Burgefs to the Parliament ; and, in

* Truth, is no lefs than to alter the whole Frame of

* Government, to pull up Parliaments by the Roots,

* and to commit the Lives, Liberties, and Kftates

* of all the People of England, to the Arbitrary
« Power of a few unqualified Perfons j who (hall

* difpofe thereof according to their Difcretion, with-

* out Account to any Rule or Authority whatfo-

* ever.

«Are

Of ENGLAND. 67

* Arc their Friends, their Wives, and Children An, iS. Car. I«
c (the greateft Bleffings of Peace, and Comforts of *642-

' Life) precious to them ? Would their Penury and vrr~v~7"*1

T -r iir • t_ i /• *"• j • i a Novembtjv

* Impnfonment be lefs grievous by thole Cordials r

' Theyfhall be divorced from them, banilhed, and
' ftiall no longer remain within the Cities of London

* and Weftminfter) the Suburbs and the Counties
' adjacent ; and how far thofe adjacent Counties
' fliall extend no Man knows.

' Is there any thing now left to enjoy, but the
c Liberty to rebel, and deftroy one another ? Are
' the outward Bleffings only of Peace, Property, and
' Liberty, taken and forced from our Subjects ? Are

* their Confciences free and unaflaulted by the Vi-
' olence of thefe Fire-brands ? Sure the Liberty and

* Freedom of Confcience cannot fuffer by thefe Men!

* Alas ! all thefe Punifhmcnts are impofed upon
c them, becaufe they will not fubmit to Actions con-
' trary to their natural Loyalty, to their Oaths of
' Allegiance and Supremacy, and to their late vo-
' luntary Proteftation, which obliges them to the

* Care of ourPerfon and our juft Rights.

' How many Perfons of Honour, Quality, and

* Reputation, of the feveral Counties of England*
' are now imprifoned without any Objections againft
' them, but Sufpicion of their Loyalty ? How ma-
c ny of the graved and moft fubftantial Citizens of

* London, by whom the Government and Difcipline

* of that City was preferved, are difgraced, robb'd,

* and imprifoned, without any Procefs of Law, or

* Colour of Accufation, but of Obedience to the
' Law and Government of the Kingdom ; whilft
' Anabaptifts and Brownifts, y?ith the Afliftance of

* vitious and debauched Perfons of defperate For-

* tunes, take upon them to break up and rifle Houfes,
' as public and avowed Minifters of a new-invented
' Authority ? How many godly, pious, and painful
' Divines, whofe Lives and Learning hath made

* them of reverend Eftimaticn, are now flandercd

* with Inclination to Popery ; difcountenanced and
'imprifoned, for difcharging their Ojnfciences, in-

* ftructing the People in the Chriftian Duties of Re-

E 2 ligion,

68 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. j8. Car. I.' ligion and Obedience; whilft fchifmatical, illite-

* rate, and fcandalous Preachers fill the Pulpits and
« Churches with Blafphemv, Irreverence and Trea-
' fon, and incite their Auditory to nothing but Mur-
« der and Rebellion ?

• We pafs over the vulgar Charm, by which they

* have captivated fuch who have been contented to
' difpenfe with their Confciences for the Prefervation

* of their Eftates j and by which they perfuade Men,

* chearfully, to part with this twentieth Part of their
4 Eftates to the good Work in hand ; for whoever

* will give what he hath, may efcape Robbing :

* They (hall be repaid upon the Public Faith, as all

* other Monies lent upon the Proportions of both

* Houfes. It may be fo ; but Men muft be con-
4 demned to a ftrange Unthriftinefs who will lend

* upon fuch Security. The Public Faith indeed i«

* as great an Earneit as the State can give, and en-

* gages the Honour, Reputation, and Honefty of

* the Nation, and is the Act of the Kingdom ; it

* is the Security of the King, the Lords, and Com-

* jnons, which can never need an Executor, can

* never die, never be bankrupt ; and therefore we

* willingly confented to it for the Indemnity of our

* good Subjects of Scotland (who, we hope, will not

* think the worfe of it, for being fo often and focheap-

* ly mentioned fmce) ; but that a Vote of one or both

* Houfes Ihould be an Engagement upon the Public

* Faith, is as impofiible 'as that the Committee of the
4 Houfe of Commons for Examinations (hould be

* the High Court of Parliament.

* And what is or can be faid, with the leaft Sha-
c dow of Reafon, to juftify thefe Extravagances ?
4 We have not lately heard of the old Fundamental

* Laws which ufed to warrant the Innovations ; this
4 needs a Refuge even below thofe Foundations.

* They will fay, They cannot manage their great
Undertakings without fuch extraordinary Ways.

4 We think fo too ; but that proves only they have
' undertaken fomewhat they ought not to undertake ;
4 not that it is lawful for them to do any thing that
« is convenient for thofe Ends.

4 We

Of E N G L A N D. 69

{ We remembered them long ago, and we can- An. iS. Car. I.

* not do it too often, of that excellent Speech of
4 Mr. Pymme : The Law is that which puts a Dif-
« ference betwixt Good find Evil, betwixt Juft and

* Utijuft ; if you take away the Law, all Things will
' fall into Confufion, every Man will become a Law
' unto himfelf ; which, in the depraved Condition of
4 human Nature, muft needs produce many great
6 Enormities ; Luft will become a Law, and Envy

* will become a Law ; Covetoufnefs and Ambition wilt'

* become Laws ; and what Deflates, what Decijions^
« fuch Laius will produce, ?nr.y eafily be difcerned. It

* may indeed, by the fad Inftances over the whole

< Kingdom : But will Pofterity believe, that, in the
« fame Parliament, this Doctrine was avowed with

< that Acclamation, and thefe Inftances after pro-

* duced ? That, in the fame Parliament, fuch Care

< was taken, that no Man {hould be committed, in
4 what Cafe foever, without the Caufe of his Impri-

* fonment exprefled, and that all Men {hould be
« immediately bailed, in all Cafes bailable : And,
4 during the fame Parliament, that Alderman Pen-
' nington, or indeed any Body elfe but the fwom
6 Minifters of Juftice, {hould imprifon whom they
i would, and for what they would, and for as long

< a Time as they would ? That the King {hould

< be reproached with Breach of Privilege for accufing
« Sir John Hotham of High Treafon, when, with

* Force of Arms, he kept him out of Hull, and"
' defpifed him to his Face ; becaufe, in no Cafe, a

• ' Member of cither Houfe might be committed or

* accufed, without Leave of that Houfe of which

* he is a Member : And yet that, during the fame
' Parliament, the fame Alderman {hould commit

* the Earl of Middle/ex, a Peer of the Realm, and
' the Lord Buckburjl, a Member of the Houfe of
4 Commons, to the Counter without Reprehenfion ?"
' That to be a Traitor (which is defined, and every
c Man underftands) {hould be no Crime ; and to

* be called a Malignant, (which Nobody knows the

* Meaning of) {hould be Ground enough for clofe

* Imprifonment I That a Law {hould be ma-de,

E 3 « Thax

70 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. L* That whofoever {hould prefume to take Tunnage

1644. * an(j Poundage, without an A61 of Parliament,

V"""V*""""'J ' fhould incur the Penalty of a Premunire ; and, in

November. , ^ fanie Parliament, that the fame Impofition

* Ihould be laid upon our Subjects, and taken by an
' Order of both Houfes, without and againft our

* Confent ! Laftly, That, in the fame Parliament,
' a Law (hould be made to declare the Proceedings
' and Judgment upon Ship-Money to be illegal and
' void ; and, during the Parliament, that an Or-
' der of both Houfes (hall, upon Pretence of Ne-

* ceffity, enable four Men to take away the twen-

* tieth Part of their Eftates from all their Neigh-
« bours, according to their Difcretion.

' But our good Subjects will no longer look upon

* thefe and the like Kefults, as upon the Counfels
' and Conclufions of both our Houfes of Parlia-

* ment, tho' all the World knpws even that Autho-
' rity can never juftify Things unwarrantable by

* Law ; they well know how few of the Perfons
' trufted by them are prefent at their Confultations ;

* of above 500, not 80 ; and of the Houfe of Peers,
' not above a fifth Part ; that they who are prefent,

* enjoy not the Privilege and Freedom of Parlia-

* ment; but are befieged by an Army, and awed

* by the fame Tumults, which drove us and their

* Fellow- Members from thence, to confent to what

* fome few feditious, fchifmatical Perfons amongfl
8 them do propofe.

' Thefe are the Men who, joining with the Ana-

* baptifts and Brownifts of London^ firft changed the

* Government and Difcipline of that City j and

* now, by the Pride and Power of that City, would

* undo the Kingdom, whilft their Lord Mayor, (a

* Perfon accufed and known to be guilty of High

* Treafon) by a new Legiflative Power of his own,

* fupprefles and reviles the Book of Common Prayer,
' robs and imprifons whom he thinks fit, and, with

* the Rabble of his Fadtion, gives Laws to both

* Houfes of Parliament ; and tells them they will

* have no Accommodation : Whilft the Members,

* (em and intrufted by their Counties, are expelled

« the

Of E N G L A N D. 71

e the Houfe, or committed, for refufing to take the An. 18. Car. T.

* Oath of Aflbciation to live and die with the EarJ *642-

* of Ejfcx, as very lately Sir Sidney Montague. p * — "v~— ^

« Thefe are the Men who have prefumed to fend l

* Ambaftadors, and to enter into Treaties with fo-
' reign States, in their own Behalfs ; having, at this
' Time an Agent of their own with the States of
' Holland, to negotiate for them upon private In-
' ftructions.

' Thefe are the Men who, not thinking they have
c yet brought Mifchief enough upon this Kingdom,
c at this Time invite and follicit our Subjects of Scot -

* land to enter this Land with an Army againft us.
< In a Word, thefe are the Men, who have made this
' laft devouring Ordinance to take away all Law,

* Liberty, and Property from our People; and have,
' by it, really acted that upon our People, which,

* with infinite Malice, and no Colour or Ground,

* was laboured to be infufed into them, to have
' been our Intention by the Commiflion of Array.

'We

P Tho*, for the fake of Connexion, we have given this Declara-
tion under the Month of November y it was not publiflied till Decem-
ber ; which gave the King Occafton to take Notice of a Tranfa&ion
that /lands thus in the Commons Journals :

December 3, 1642.

The Queftion for adhering to the Earl of EJ/ex in this Caufe, for
the Maintenance and Prefervation of the true Proteftant Religion, the
King's Perfon, the Laws of the Land, the Peace of the Kingdom, the
Liberty and Property of the Subject, and the Rights and Privileges of
Parliament, was this Day read to Sir Sidney Montague, [Member for
Huntingdonshire] and his Vote being demanded, be gave his Negative
Voice unto it.

Hereupon the Commons refolved, [but by a Majority of only 48
Voices againft 45] iff, ' That% he be difabled from continuing any
longer a Member of that Houfe, during this Parliament, idly, ' Thuc
his Perfon be forthwith fecuted. And, -$dly, « That he be forthwith
committed Prifoner to the To-war. — Sir Sidney Montague was then cal-
led to the Bar, and, kneeling there, Mr. Speaker pronounced Sentenc«
againft him accordingly j For not yielding his Confent to aflift the Earl
of EJ/ex in the Maintenance of Religion, the King's Perfon, the Li-
berty of the Subject,, the Rights and Privileges of Parliament ; and
giving for his Reafon, That the King had declared fuch to be Trai-
tors, as fhould adhere to the faid Earl in this Caufe, and pulling fuch
a Declaration out of his Pocket i thereby feeming to lay an Imputa-
tion upon all the Members, and others, that had declared to affift tha-
faid Earl in this Caufe : The Houfe thinking it a Crime, that any
Member mould be guided by Declarations from abroad., and not by his
ijwn Judgtnsnt, in giving hi* Vote,

72 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, *S. Car. I. * We have now done. What Power and Author! -

* ty thefe Men have, or would have, we know not :
« For ourfelf, we challenge none fuch ; we look

* upon the Prellures and Inconveniences our good
« Subje&s bear, even by us and our Army, (which
« the Army firft raifed by them enforced us to levy
' in our Defence, and their Refufal of all Offers and

* Defires of Treaty enforceth us to keep) with very
« much Sadnefs of Heart : We are fo far from rc-
« quiring a twentieth Part of their Eftates, (though

* for their own vifible Prefervation) that, as we
' have already fold or pawned our own Jewels, and
' coined our own Plate, fo we are willing to fell all
« our own Land and Houfes for their Relief ; yet

* we do not doubt but our good Subjects will feii-

* oufly confider our Condition, and their own Du-
« ties, and think our Readinefs to protect them with

* the utmoft Hazard of our Life, deferves their Rea-
« dinefs to aflift us with fome Part ef their Fortunes ;

* and whilft other Men give a twentieth Part of
« their Eftates, to enable them to forfeit the other
' nineteen, that they will extend themfelves to us in
« a liberal and free Proportion for the Prefervation of

* the reft ; and for the Maintenance of God's true
' Religion, the Laws of the Land, the Liberty of
4 the Subject, and the Safety and very Being of Par-

* liaments and of this Kingdom'; for if all thefe ever,
« were, or can be, in manifeft Danger, it is now
« in this prefent Rebellion againft us.

* Laftly, We will and require all our loving Sub-
e je&s, of what Degree or Quality foever, as they will

* anfwer it to God, to Us, and to Pofterity, by their
' Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy ; as they would

* not be looked upon now, and remembered hereaf-
c ter, as Betrayers of the Laws and Liberty they were

* born to ; that they, in no Degree, fubmit to this
' wild pretended Ordinance; and that they.prefume
< not to give any Encouragement, or Afliftance, to

* the Army now in Rebellion againft us. Which if,
« notwithstanding, they (hall do, they muft expect
4 from us the fevereft Punifhment the Law can in-
« flidl, and a perpetual Infamy with all cood Men.'

A

Of ENGLAND. 73

A Letter from the Hague, directed to Secretary An. is Car. I,
Nicholas, fuppofed to corne from Col. Goring, ha-
ving been taken from the Gentleman who brought
it, and carried to the Parliament : It was this Day,
November 26, read in both floufes, and by them
ordered to be printed ; and alfo to be read in all the
Churches of Londan, and the Suburbs thereof.

Hague, Nov. 22, 1642.

TT is now long face I bad the Opportunity of wri- An intercepts
- ting to you ; but, fence my fir/1, have not heard Letter from Col,
any thing from you at all. The Occafegn of cur lonfCar"%*
Stay here was, firft, the Expectation of our Irifh
Ships; next) the Raifing of Alaney, which the Pro-
pojition 0/~Newca{He -drew ai fajl as it could advance.

The Failing of the Ships, had It not been fuppiied
by the Reputation of the King's Succefs at Land, had
given us a dangerous Blow here ; but that hath Jo
fupported our Credit, that the Prince of Orange hath
jincc played his Part, and advanced all thoje Sums
we were to expctt ; of which 20,000 1. is fent to-
wards you, 20,000 1. to Newcaftle, and 20,000 1.
at leajl, we bring with us ; befules the great Bufinefs,
which ^i>e expeft this Day a final End of, which will
advance 6o,coo 1. mere, in which we are ascertained
cf the Prince of Orange \r utwoft Power; fuck, ne-
verthelffs, we apprehend the Importance of the £hteeri*s
fceing in England, that ^ve had gone this laji IVeek^
and expected the Coming of that after, had not an un-
feafinable Compliment from your Side Jiopped us, till
this Exprefs fent to you.

The Fleet is now ready, and this Week we certainly
go, if thoje Counfels, or Chances, that tend to dila-
tory Resolutions, move not more effectually than the
certain Advantages of our Expedition and D if patch
from hence ; all our Affairs being now done, and no-
thing more to be expected.

That you may know upon what Grounds we go^
and tubat Security we expecJ there, and what Advan-
tage you in the South are to derive from it, you mujl
inow we have fent over IO,000 Foot Arms befedes
the Garrifon^ near 2000 Horfe Arms, and 20 Pieces:

°f

74 Tbt Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car, I. of Cannon. IFe bring over Waggons, and all Accom-

, l^T . modation, to march fo foon as we arrive ; we carry

very confederate Officers from hence, and, by the Ad-
vice we receive from that Side, 8000 Men are on foot
already, and fix Troops of Horje ; the rc/l will not
be long in raijing after we come there. General King
is de/igned for Lieutenant -General, and hath been
with the Queen, and will be fuddenly there.

From Denmark are likewife fent Arms for io>CCO
Foot, and 1500 Horfe, with a Train of Artillery and
every Thing proportionable, to the very jbrums ar:d
Halberds. Two good Men of War come their Con-
voy, and in them an Ambaflador to his Majefty, a
Perfon of great Duality in Denmark : / hope it will
be a general Care there to fee him nobly treated ; far
the Entertainment and Ne%le£i of the la ft was much
complained of, and is fo much re fent ed by that KD?£,
that it bad like to have frujlated all our Expefiati&ns
in that Court, had not Cochran very handfomely evaded
it : He comes along with the AmbaJ/ador ; with whom.
if you encounter, he will communicate fame Propofe-
iions of great Importance ; which, in hew much the
fewer Hands they are carried, will be Jo much the
better liked by them you are to deal with ; if any Em-
ployment in this Affair may fall upon your Servant
that writes to you, I know you will not be unmindful
cf him.

We have great Apprehenfjons here, by fomething in-
timated from my Lord of Holland, cf a Treaty fur-
ther entered into than we have Advertisement of, or-
can well approve ; we have confidently believed your
approaching London (if you had not made too long
Stay upon the Way) would have determined that Mat-
ter j and what the Difficulties are now of that, zut
cannot yet under /land, for if Intelligence from henct
came as freely to you as to us, the King's Party there
are very con fider able, and full of that Expectation ;
and a Day tr twos Lofs of Time, by the late Example
cfHutt, may be judged what contrary Conferences it
may produce.

IVe hear my LcrdofEffex approaches London, but
bttieve he will be fo waited on by the King's Horfe, as

not

i

Of E N G L A N D. 75

not to let him join with their Forces there; being now An. if. Cs»r. I..
Jo lame an Army, without Horje or Cannon, as the
Relations you fend hither make him to be. We fog.
lleve the King 3 Horfe now likeivife jo great a Body,
that it will be as troublesome as unnecejjary for them
to fubfift together ; and think fo many Troops might
bt well /pared as might be fent into Kent, to counte-
nance a Party to be Jet on Foot there ; which, accord-
ing to our Intelligence here, would undoubtedly be found
wry affectionate and. confederable ; fa that ly /paring
oo Horfe, you might pojjibly add to your Army 5000
"oot, to be employed upon, the River on that Side thg
Town.

If the unhappy Interception had not come of the lajl
Week's Letters, we had undoubtedly been With you, on
the ether Side, in Norfolk and £flex, within three
Weeks ; and, in that Condition, having all the King-
dom behind us on every Side, it will not be bard t&
judge whether would have been better able to fubfi/l,
they within the Town, or the King's Army without \
admit my Lord of KiTex were gotten in, or that the-.
Town had not yielded it/elf fo foon as you had ap-
proached, you may yet certainly pre/ume on this, that,
by our being once on Foot, we fiall be able to collet for
you all the 400,000 1. Sub/idles, universally through-
out the Kingdom ; which will make the King's Army
fubfiji, and wear out theirs, befidei the Money which
we bring.

What we expefl from Denmark and France, ar»
ell Encouragements to make us expett no Treaties t/>
l>e admitted, but upon Terms of great Advantage and
Honour to his Majejly -y thefe you are bejl able to judgs
of upon the Place.

If the King have U/e of them, I am confident you
may expeft from France (fo foon as you Jet Foot in
Kent, and /hall intimate your De/ire of the fame) the
three Regiments of his Majejly s own Subjefts there,
employed under Colonel Hill, Colonel Fitz-Williams,
and Colonel Sealing. Your Letters directed to New-
caftle will direft our Addrejjes to France, for I hopt
we Jball yet be tbert before you can return any in An-
fwer to this*
J We

76 The Parliamentary HISTORY

. We find, both in Rujhwortb's and HttflanaYn
Collections, the following Account of the Manner
how this Letter was intercepted and taken :
November. < Qn gaturtjay Morning the Gentleman that
The Manner of brought this Letter from Holland, came up to Lon-
i» being inter- ^on Jn a Gravefend Boat, intending to land at
septed, Brentford, and therefore, for the more Expedition,

ihot the Bridge ; which being perceived by one of
the Pinnaces that Jay on this Side for the Guard of
the City and Parliament, and being known to be a
Gravefend Boat, which always land on the other
Side at Biltingfgate, they called to them to know
their Bufmefs ; but they, not regarding their Sum-
mons, ftill ported away ; whereupon the Men in
the Ship made after them and hauled them in, ex-
amined the Gentleman, and, having fome Sufpi-
cion, fearched him and found this, with fome other
Letters about him ; whereupon they prefently car-
ried him up to the Parliament ; where, after Exa-
mination, his Letters were taken from him, and he
committed to fafe Cuftody.

Nov. 28. The King's Anfwer to the Parliament's
laft Petition to him,"inclofed in a Letter to the
Speaker of the Houfe of Lords, was read in that
Houfe, as follows ;

The King's An- c All 7^ expc&ed fuch Propofitions from you, as
fwer to the PC- « \\ might fpeedily remove and prevent the
' Mifery and Deflation of this Kingdom; and that,

* for the effecTmg thereof, (we now redding at a con-
' venient Place, not far from our City of London}

* Committees from both our Houfes of Parliament
' fhould attend us; for you pretended, by your Mef-

* fage to us at Colcbrooke, that thofe were your De-
« fires : Inftead thereof (and thereby let all the World
' judge of the Defign of that Overture) we have only
' received your humble Petition, That ive would be
' ^leafed to return to our Parliament with our Royal,
' not cur Martial, Attendants.

* All our good Subjects that remember what we
' have fo often told you and thejn upon this Sub-

Of E N G L A N D. 77

* jeer, and what hath fmce parted, muft, with In- An. 18. Car. I.
c dignation, look upon this Mefiage, as intended

' by the Contrivers thereof for a Scorn to us ; and
4 thereby defigned by that Malignant Party (of
4 whom we have fo often complained, whofe Safety
' and Ambition is built upon the Divifions and Ruins

* of this Kingdom, and who have too great an In-
' fluence upon your Actions) for a Wall of Separa-

* tion betwixt us and our People.

' We have told you the Reafon why we parted
6 from London ; how we were chafed thence, and

* by whom : We have often complained that the
4 greateft Part of our Peers, and of the Members of

* our Houfe of Commons, could not, with Safety

* to their Honours and Perfons, continue and vote
e freely among you ; but, by Violence a,nd cunning
' Practices, were debarred of thofe Privileges which
' their Birth-rights, and the Truft repofed in them

* by their Counties, gave them ; the Truth whereof
4 may fufficiently appear by the fmall Number of

* thofe that are with you.

4 We have offered to meet both our Houfes in
4 any Place free and convenient for us and them,
4 but we could never receive the leaft Satisfaction in

* any ofthefe Particulars, nor for thofe fcandalous

* and feditious Pamphlets and Sermons which fwarm

* amongft you. That's all one you tell us : It is now

* for our Honour, and for the Safety of our Royal

* Perfon, to return to our Parliament. But herein

* your formerly Denying us a Negative Voice gives
4 us Caufe to believe, that, by giving yourfelves

* that Name without us, you intend not to acknow-
4 ledge us to be Part of it.

4 The whole Kingdom knows that an Army was

* raifed under Pretence of Orders of both Houfes,
4 an Ufurpation never heard of before in any Age ;
' which Army hath purfued us in our own King-
4 dom, gave us Battle at Keyntcn, and endeavoured

* to take away the Life of us and our Children ; and

* yet (thefe Rebels being newly recruited, and pof-

* fefled of our City of London) we are courteoufly in-
« vited to return to our Parliament there ; that is,

4 into

78 77;e Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. I. « into the Power of their Army. Doth this fignify

l642' « any other Thing, than that, fince the traiterous

^r^^"^ ' Endeavours of thofe defperateMen could not fnatch

' the Crown from our Head, (it being defended by

* the Providence of God, and the Affections and Loy-
' alty of our good Subjects) we fhould now tamely

* come up and give it them ; and put ourfelves, our

* Life, and the Xivcs, Liberties, and Fortunes of all
' our good Subjects into their merciful Hands ?

' Weil, we think not fit to give any other Anfwer,

* to this Part of your Petition : But as we impute not

* this Affront to both our Houfes of Parliament, nor
' to the Major Part of thofe that are now prefeut
' there, but to that dangerous Party we and the whole

* Kingdom mult cry out upon ; fo we mall, for our
' good Subjects Sake, and out of our moft tender
' Senfe of their Miferies and the general Calamities
' of this Kingdom, which mult, if this War con-
' tinue, fpeedily overwhelm this whole Nation, take

* no Advantage of it. But, if you (hall really pur-
' fue what you prefented to us at Colebrocke^ we

* (hall make good all we then gave you in Anfwer to

* it, whereby the Hearts of our diftrelTed Subjects

* may be raifed with the Hopes of Peace ; without
' which Religion, the Laws, and your Liberties,

* can no way be fettled and fecured.

* Touching the late and fad Accident you men-
' tion, if you thereby intend that of Brentfsrd, we
' defire you, once, to deal ingenuoufly with the

* People ; and to let them fee our laft Mefiage to

* you, and our Declaration to them, concerning the

* fame ; (both which we fent to our Prefs at Lon-

* don^ but were taken away from our MefTenger, and

* not fuftered to be publifhed) and then we doubt

* not but they will be foon undeceived, and eafily

* find out thofe Counfels, which do rather perfuadc
4 a defperate Divifion than a good Agreement be-
' twixt us, our two Houfes, and People.'

The Lords ordered, That this MefTage (hould be
communicated to the Commons forthwith j and it
was fent d«wn to them accordingly.

Nov.

Of E N G L A N D. 79

Nov. 29. The Meffengers were difmifled that An. iS. Car. I.
brought the laft MefTage from the King; and a Let- 1641.
ter was wrote to the Lord Falkland, intimating, *— •"%*•• J
That the Houfes would fend an Anfwer to it by an 'vember«
Exprefs of their own.

The fame Day an Ordinance of Parliament was An Ordinance
made, For the fpeedy fetting forth certain Ships, infor fitting out
all Points furnimed for War, to prevent the bring- SS'f to.cut,off

e i j • iv it r\ j j , ° all Supplies fro»

ing over Soldiers, Money, Ordnance, and other the King.

Ammunition from beyond the Sea, to aflift the
King againft the Parliament of England. By this
Ordinance it was declared, That all Adventurers
in this Enterprize fhould have and enjoy all Ships,
Goods, Money, Plate, Arms, Ammunition, Vic-
tuals, Pillage, and Spoil, which fhould be feized
or taken, as their own proper Goods.

Thus much for the Proceedings in November.

So many and various are the Orders, Inftruc~ttons,
Letters of Intelligence, &c. from different Parts of
the Kingdom, all relating to War, and entered in
the Journals of both Houfes, in the Beginning of
December, that it would be tirefome to repeat them :
We will not therefore trouble the Reader with any
of them, but caft an Eye to fee what was doing
without Doors at this Time ; and how the King's
or Parliament's Power rofe, or fell, in different Parts
of the Kingdom.

After the late Rencounter at Brentford, the King The State of &<•
withdrew his Army over King/ion- Bridge to Oat- Kingdom at thia
lands ; and from thence, by Colebrooke and Reading,Taas*
to Oxford.

At the fame Time the Earl of Newcaftle ° had
aflbciated all the Counties North of Torkjhire, for
the King ; on which Commiflions were fent down
from the Parliament, to the Lord Fairfax and
others, to affbciate the laft-named County with all
the Midland Counties up to North-Wales. How-
ever the Earl marched forward, with a gallant
Army of Northumbrians , &c. towards York. At
Pierjbridgf, a Pafs over the River Tees, he was op-
pofed by a Party of Lord Fairfax's Horfe, com-
manded
a milii* C*ve**ijk.

£o The Parliamentary HISTORV

An. »S. Car. l.manded by Capt. Hotbam, whom the Earl difperfed,
1642. j>nd marched ftreight to York ; where he published a
1 - /"~— ' Declaration °, fetting forth the Reafons for his ta-
Deccn.ber. for t^e King.

The Parliament had alfo brought feveral Coun-
ties, in the JVeJl of England, into an AfTociation ;
and fome Matters are entered in the Journals, fof
' the Encouragement of this Project.

In the South the Event was various ; Farnbam
Caftle, in the County of Surry, was taken by the
High Sheriff, for the King ; which Sir William 'Wal-
ler foon after retook for the Parliament. But this
Lofs was amply made up by the King's Forces ta-
king the Town of Marlborough by Storm, under
the Command of Lord Digby, Lord Grandijon, Lord
Wilmot, Lord IVentworth, &c. Co that now thtf
Kingdom, tho' in the Depth of Winter, was in a
Flame, from one End to the other of it.

The miferable State of Inland, alfo, during thefe
Combuftions, was really to be pitied ; both Parties
in England\z\& the Blame on each other, for neglect-
ing the Succours that were to be fent to that King-
dona j but the true Reafons thereof, we think, will
beft appear by the following Extracts from the Lords
Journals of the gth of this Month.

To the High and moft Honourable Court of
Parliament,

The PETITION of Sir James Montgomery and
Sir Hardrefs Waller^ Knights and Colonels, and
of Colonel Arthur Hill and Colonel Dudley Mer-
•ulne^ in Behalf of themfelves and other Com-
manders in his Majefty's Army in Ireland,
Moft humbly flieweth,

A Petition from7~^C* ^°UT ^etltloners^ h particular Truft devolved

fcverat officers from tonfiderabls Parts of the Army in Ireland,

talreland, to the £<2i/*, thefe 26 Weeks, attended for fome timely Succour

Parliament. ^ bg Batched to that deplorable Kingdom ; and find-

ing, to our unfpeakable Grief, that the Dijlraflions

of this Kingdom afforded us very weak Hopes of any

com-
o See thii at L-ngth in Rvjbwr&i CtlltBitr.s, Vol. V. p. 78.

Of ENGLAND. 81

fsmpetent Supplies : As we did, in a tender Refent-An. 18 Car. I.
ment of the bleeding Condition thereof, petition the l64a<
High Court of Parliament^ fa, by Licence firjl ob- • — *

tained from the Committee of Safety, out of the fame
Senfe, in all Humility^ we addrefs'd ourfelves to bis
Majefty, whofe gracious Anfwer we received in Wri-
ting, and his Command to publijh the fame.

May it therefore pleafe your Lordjhips, in Obedi-
ence to his Majejiy's Commands, and out of a con-
Jlant Inclination to obferve the Directions of this moft
Honourable AJfembly, to grant us Leave to prefent to
your Honours the Copy of our Petition to his Majejly^
his Majefty' s Anfwer to us, and alfo the bejl and only
Remedies appearing unto us for the prefent Preferva-
tion and future Being of that peri/hing Kingdom ; ac-
cepting and humbly praying therein the further Refo-
lutions and Directions of this High Court, in a Mat-
ter of fo great Importance ; wherein God's Glory, the
interwoven Safety of his Majejlys Dominions^ and fa
much Proteftant Blood as yet unfpilt, are fo highly
concerned; their Wants being fo prejfing, the Power of
the Enemy daily increajing, and their Ruin, without
prefent Relief, inevitable, conjlrain your Petitioners
humbly to beg a fpeedy Anfwer, further Delays be-
ing to them as dangerous as a Defertion ; and if fur-
ther Satisfaction of the particular Condition of every
Part of the Army, and of thofe diftrejfed Proteftants
there, be defer ed, your Petitioners are ready to remon-
Jlrate the fame. And, as in Duty bound, Jhall pray, &C.

The Petitioners were called in, and prefented the
faid Copy, which was read in hac Verba :

To the KIN G'S Moft Excellent Majefty,
The HUMBLE PETITION of Sir "James Montgo-
mery and Sir Hardrefs IVaV.er, Knights and Co-
lonels, Colonel Arthur Hill, and Colonel Audley
Mervin, in Behalf of themfelves and others, Com-
manders in his Majefty's Army in Ireland*

May it pleafe your Sacred Majefty,
JT/'E your Majeftys moft humble SubjecJs, being And to the King;

intruded from conjiderable Parts of your Ma-

jefifs Forces in the Kingdom of Ireland, to petition

VOL. XII F your

82 The Parliamentary HISTOKV

An. 18. Car. l.your Majejly and your Parliament for Supplies ; and
1642. finding that your Majejly had committed the Care

'- "•*"•• — >} and Managing of that IVar to your Parliament here,
1 cr* we addreJJ'ed ourfelves unto the fame ; whofe Senfe of
our Miferies, and Inclination to redrefs them appeared
very tender unto us ; but the prefent Diflempers of this
your Majeftys Kingdom of England (to our unfpeak-
able Grief) are grown fo great, that all future Paf-
fages, by which Comfort and Life Jhould be conveyed
unto that gafping Kingdomyfeem totally to be objlrutted\
fo that* unlefs your gracious Majejly, out of your
Jingular IVijdom and fatherly Care, apply fome fpeedy
Remedy, we your diftrejjed and loyal Subjects of that
Kingdom mufl inevitably perijb.

Our Condition reprefents unto your Majejly the
Eflate of all your faithful Proteflant Subjefls in Ire-
land : The Influence of Princely Favour and Goodnefs
Jo aflively dijlilled upon your Kingdom of Ireland, be-
fore the Birth of this monflrous Rebellicn there, and
fince the fame fo abundantly exprejjed in Characters
of a deep Senfe, and lively Refentment of the bleed-
ing Condition thereof, give us Hope, in this our de-
plorable Extremity, to addrefs ourfelves unto your fa~
cred Thront ; humbly befeeching that it may pltafe your
mojl gracious Majejly, emongft your other weighty
Cares, to refleEl upon the bleeding Condition of that
perijhing Kingdom, that timely Relief may be afford-
ed j otherwife your loyal Subjefts there mujl yield their
Fortunes a Prey, their Lives a Sacrifice, and their
Religion a Scorn, to the mercilefs Rebels powerfully

IVhilfl we live, we rejl in your Majefys Protec-
tion ; if our Deaths are figned in that Caufe, we will
die in your Obedience ; living and dying ever pray for
your Majefly' s long and projperous Reign over us.
JA. MONTGOMERY, ARTHUR HILL,

HARD. WALLER, Au. MERVIN.

Next was read his Majefty's Anfwer, dated at
the Court of Oxford, the firft of December, 1 642.

His Majejly hath exprcjly commanded me to give
this Anfiuer to this Petition.

THAT

Of E N G L A N D. 83

crT"^HAT his Majefty, fince the Beginning An. 18. Car. I,
' A of tnat monftrous Rebellion, hath had no l64z-

4 greater Sorrow than for the bleeding; Condition of *""_. >4~,

• tr- i j L i_ L i Uecember.

* that his Kingdom ; and as he hath always labour-

4 ed that timely Relief might be afforded to the His Majefty' a
' fame, and confented to all Propofitions (how dif- Anfwer to it.
4 advantageous foever to himfelf) that have been

* offered him for that Purpofe ; and not only at firft

* recommended their Condition to both his Houfes
4 of Parliament, and immediately, of his own meer
' Motion, fent over feveral Commiflions, and caufed

* fome Proportion of Arms and Ammunition (which
4 the Petitioners well know to have been a great
4 fupport to the Northern Parts of that Kingdom)

* to be conveyed to them out of Scotland; and not

* only offered to find iO,ooo Volunteers to undertake
4 that War, but hath often fincepreft, by many feverai

* Meffages, that fufficient Succours might be haften'd
4 thither ; and other Matters of fmaller Importance
4 laid by, which did divert it ; and offered, and moft
4 really intended, in his own Royal Perfon, to have
4 undergone the Danger of that War, for the De-
4 fence of his good Subjects, and the Chaftifement
4 of thofe perfidious and barbarous Rebels ; and, in

* his feveral Expreflions of his Defires of Treaty and
4 Peace, hath declared the prefent miferable Con-
4 dition, and certain future Lofs, of Ireland, to be
4 one of his principal Motives, moft earneftly to
4 defire that the prefent Diffractions of that King-
4 dom might be compofed, and that others would
4 concur with him to the fame End : So his Ma-
4 jefty is well pleafed that his Offers, Concurrence,
4 Actions, and Expreflions are fo rightly underftood
4 by the Petitioners and thofe who have employed
4 them, notwithftanding the groundlefs and horrid
4 Afperfions which have been caft upon him : But
4 wifhes that, inftead of meer general Complaints
4 (to which his Majefty can make no Return but of
4 Compaffion) they could have digefted, and offered
4 to him any fuch Defires, by confenting to which
4 he might convey, at leaft in fome Degree, Com-

F 2 fort

84 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.' fort and Life to that gafping Kingdom ; prefervc

1642. t hjs diftreffed and loyal Subjects of the fame from

*jr"v'~— ** ' inevitable perifliing, and the true Proteftant Re-

m er> ' ligion from being fcorned and trampled on by thofe

* mercilefs and idolatrous Rebels.

' And if the Petitioners can yet think on any

* fuch, and propofe them to his Majefty, he a/lures

* them that, by his Readinefs to confent, and his
« Thanks to them for the Propofal, he will make it

* appear to them, that their moft prefling perfonal

* Sufferings cannot make them more defirous of

* Relief, than his Care of the true Religion, and of

* his faithful Subjects, and of that Duty which

* obliges him, to his Power, to protect both, renders

* him defirous to afford it to them.

FALKLAND.

Laftly, were read the Remedies, which they of-
fer'd for the Prefervation of that Kingdom.

The HUMFLE CONCEPTIONS of Sir James Mont-
gomery, &c. upon the Refult of their Petition to
his Majefty, and his Anfwer to the fame.

The Remedies TTPONour bumble Addnfs to his Majejly to petition
proofed i for thc I/ for ,/,, Rei;ef Of tke Ceding Condition of Ire-
of /r'^Jand, bis Majejly, after an-Expreflion of his tender
Refentment of our Sufferings ^ gave us in Anfwer, That
to fuch general Complaints his Majejly can make no Re-
turn but in Companion ; and could ^viJh we had di-
gejled fucb particular Defires, that he might have gi-
ven his Royal AJfent to convey fome Comfort, tho1 but
in a weak Meafure, to the gafping Condition there-
of : Wherefore, that we might not feem infcnfible of
bis Majefty'i gracious Anfwer and free Propcfals9
we have entered into a me/} narrow Dijquifttion to
make fome Overtures, by humble Defires, as may con-
duce to the refloring the Glory of that Kingdom, and
ftcure the interwoven Dependency of it with his Ma-
jefly's other Dominions : And fence the Managing of
tbtWarin that dijlrejfed Kingdom hath been committed

to

Of E N G L A N D. 85-

to the Vigilancy and Power of this mojl Honourable An. 18. Car. I.
AJfembly, and we acknowledge your pious Inclinations
in expr effing the fame j ye t, in all Humility to your
fuperior Wifdoms, and in a deep Senfe of the immi-
nent Ruin of that Kingdom, if not fpeedily prevent-
ed, we offer thefe our Defer es ; which, if they receive
your Approbation, we art mojl happy ; if, for Reafons
of State, bejl known to yourselves, they are to be laid
afide, then we beg it may be conjlrued as our Ztal, not
our Prefumption.

I ft, Since this Kingdom is the Fountain from whence
the Streams of Safety mujt flow, and that the prefent
Diflraflions have fo troubled the fame ; as we ear-
neftly implore the throne of Grace both for yourf elves
and us, fo we humbly offer thefe unto your grave Wif-
doms, as the fubordinate Injlruments of a happy, blef-
fed, and timely Accommodation here, in which the King
and People may rejoice ; there being no other vifeblt
IV ay to convey fuch per_fe£i Health unto that Kingdom^
but that it may otherwife immediately be fubjefl to &
dangerous Relapfe.

2dly, If this Kingdom mufl yet longer be diverted
from that prosperous Peace, to which, to the Envy of
other Nations, Jhe hath been fo fortunately weddedy
we humbly defire that fuch competent Supplies of Mo-
ney, Victuals, Cloaths, and Ammunition, may be time-
ly transported to the Army there, without which there
is not the lea/I Hopes of longer Subjiftence ; that fuch
Protejlant Blood there yet unfpilt, and by your own
Commands there employ edt may be preserved; that fuch
Garrifons, Sea-Ports, Forts, Artillery, and other f^ar~
like Provifions, may be fecured, untill compofed Times
may afford fuch large Supplies, as may promife a Re-
ducement of that Kingdom to their due Obedience.

3dly, If neither of thefe can fuit zvith the prefent
Conjlitution of thefe Times, we, in a bleeding Forefeght
of our mi fer able dijlrejjed Condition, humbly defire (if
a fatal Necejp.ty, for Prefervation of all that is dear
to us and our Po/Jerity, enforce fuch hard and miferable
Conditions upon us, as may prove inconvenient to that9
and, in the End, to this Kingdom) that you will be
pleafed to allow them a favourable Cwjlruftion.

F 3 Thus

8 6 The Parliamentary H i s T o R y

An, 18. Car. I. Thus labouring in thefe Straits, we addrefs ourfelves
— 4^1 unto y°ur apP^oved Wifdoms for timely Directions in
jfaembcr a Matter of fo great Concernment,

Thefe Petitions and Remonftrances,from the Pro-
teftants of Ireland, the Lords referred to a Commit-
tee, as did alfo the Commons on their being prefent-
ed unto them. The latter appointed a particular Day
for talcing them into Confideration ; but we do not
find any thing further done in this Affair by either
Houfe, their own Fears and Diftra&ions being much
nearer to them at this Time.

Some Citizens of Two Petitions to Parliament being on Foot, at
London complain the fame Time, in the City of London, but widely
O.faninftcndedfe- different in the Contents of them, Mr. Shute appears

tiUon for an Ac- • • i «v ; r u /"> j ' I •

commodation, again in the journali of the Commons, declaring,
That, with all Thankfulnefs, the Godly Party ac-
knowledged the open Care of that Houfe to all their
Defires : That they did fubjeft their Money and
Lives, to the laft Drop of Blood in their Veins, to
be difpofed of by Parliament :

* But they defired to clear themfelves from an Im-
putation caft upon them by the Malignants, that
they petition againft Peace. This, he faid, was far
from their Intentions; but their Defires were for an
honourable and fecure Peace : That the Malignant
Party went about to get Hands to a Petition to procure
a Treaty, that the Enemy might gain Time to re-
collect their broken Strength ; well knowing that they
are fo, and that they want Powder and Ammunition.1
He then prefented a Copy of the adverfe Petition,
which was read ; but, after returning Thanks to Mr.
Shute and the reft of the Citizens, for this frefh Mark
of their Efteem, the further Confideration of this
Petition was deferred to another Time : And, a
Day or two after, Mr. Shute, it feems, growing
too bold in addrefling the Houfe, two of the Mem-
bers were ordered to acquaint him, That the Com-
• mons refented fomeExpreflions ufed by him, and ad-
monimedhim how to demean himfelf hereafter, when
he came to give Information to them.

Both

Of ENGLAND. 87

Both Houfes of Parliament had been long jealous An. iS. Car. I,
•of their Neighbours the Dutch^ for fending Supplies
of Men, Money, fcrV. to the King. And Mr. Strick-
land) their Agent in Holland, had often prefented
Memorials to the States on this Subject; when, in
truth, the King had nothing from thence but what
was bought up by the Sale of the Queen's Jewels,
or her own Money, except what the Prince of
Orange ) her Son-in-Law, fupplied : However the
Parliament thought necefTary, at this Time, to
draw up a Declaration, and fent it to Mr. Walter
Strickland at the Hague^ to be by him prefented to
the States, to prevent any Supplies coming to the
King from that Quarter. The Form of which
ftands thus in the Lords Journals of the I2th of this
Month :

' "\X 7"E the Lords and Commons in the Parlia-The Parli*.
VV ment of England aflembled, did, withment's

* much Contentment and Satisfaaion, receive the^JS

4 Anfwer of the High and Mighty Lords, the Lords felling Ammuni-
c the States General of the United Provinces, to thet

* Declaration prefented to them on our Behalf, by

* Walter Strickland^ Efq; finding therein many lively

* Exprefiions of their Affections to the Peace and
' Profperity of this Kingdom, and a due Refent-
4 ment of our Troubles, and of their Care and Re-

* folution of hindering the Paflage of any Men, Mu-
4 nition, or Arms, which might foment and increafe

* the unhappy Differences and Combuftions, where-
6 with this Nation is miferably diftra&ed and diftem-
' pered ; which we gladly and thankfully received
' as a Means of our prefent Safety, and a Help to-
4 wards the fettling; a defired Peace betwixt his Ma-
' jefty and his molt loyal Subjects, and a Founda-

* tion of more near and beneficial Conjunction be-
4 twixt this Kingdom and that State ; for Preferva-

* tion of the Proteftant Religion, arid Relief of many

* opprefled Princes and States, againft the commorj

* Enemy, both theirs and ours : But this Hope and

* Contentment hath been much impaired by the

* frequent

88 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 18. Car. I.' frequent Experiments we have had of the Tran-

164*. i fportation of Men, Munition, and Arms, from

*- — v— »^ ' thofe Parts which have been employed againft us ;

December. < an(j many undoubted Advertifements of the.con-

' tinual Preparations and Endeavours of divers Trai-

' tors and Fugitives of this Nation, now refiding

* in the United Provinces, to procure great Quanti-

* ties of Treafure and other Warlike Provifions to be

* conveyed over from thofe Parts againft the Parlia-

* ment and Subjects of this Kingdom ; and particu-

* larly that Col. Goring, Capt. Byron, Sir Francis
« Mackwortb, Capt. Lloyd, Capt. Brett, and Capt.

* Wyndbam, with divers Hundreds of Soldiers, being

* in the Pay of that State, are either lately {hipped,
« or ready to embark, from fome of thofe Parts

* belonging to the fame, for Newcajlle ; and to join

* with the Army of Papifts and other ill -affected

* Perlbns, raifed in the North Parts of this King-

* dom, againft the Parliament, and for the Subver-.

* fion of the Proteftant Religion here ; which hath

* exceedingly encouraged that Party, and confirmed

* his Majelty in adhering to thofe evil Counfellors,
« who have been the Authors of the public Troubles

* and Miferies of this Kingdom, and the rejecting

* the many humble Petitions that he would be plea-
« fed, according to the Laws of the Kingdom, to

* return to his Parliament ; and, by their Counfel
< and Advice, to fecure our Religion and the Laws

* againft the wicked Plots and Defigns, which have

* long been, and ftill are, in Agitation for the Sub-

* veruon of both ; in doing whereof we have offered,
« and are ftill ready, to fecure his Majefty's Perfon,

* Honour and Eftate, in any Manner which may

* be expected from true Chriftians and loyal Sub-

* jects ; and which we folemnly profefs, in the Pre-
« fence of Almighty God, to be our real Intention
' and hearty Defires to perform ; and that whatfo-

* ever is pretended and publifhed to the contrary,
« as if we had admitted any Defign, or exprefied
' any Endeavours, to the Hurt of his Perfon, or
c Prejudice of his Sovereignty, proceeds from the

« falfe

Of ENGLAND. 89

* falfe and malicious Scandals of fuch as are Enemies An. 18. Car. I.
« to the Public Peace :

« Wherefore we entreat that wife and prudent VJ^JJ^J
c State to fulfill thofe Promifes and Declarations,
c which they have made to us, of reftraining and

* prohibiting the Tranfportation of Men, Arms,
' Money, or any Warlike Provifions againit us ;

* and that they will enquire into the Faults and
6 Neglects of thofe Officers, who have fuffered fo

* many Breaches and Violations thereof; that they
' will be pleafed, with all juft Favour, to admit of
e fuch Complaints and Informations as lhall be made
' unto them, by Mr. Strickland, in that Behalf;
' and that they will look upon this not only as a Mat-
4 ter of Civil Refpect to this Houfe, but as that which
' concerns the Honour of God, the Defence of Re-
£ ligion, and their own Safety and Liberty ; who,
' if we be ruined, will not only be deprived of art
' affectionate and ufeful Alliance, but inviron'd with
e fuch Enemies as, by the fame Rules and Princi-
4 pies by which they have been active to feek our

* Ruin, will be carried on to all Kind of Practices
« and Endeavours to ruin them.'

The Hiftory of this Inteftine War will be beft
known by the Letters of Intelligence, which were
fent to the Parliament, from different Parts of the
Kingdom ; and though they may perhaps, fome-
times, exaggerate their own Victories, and other
Advantages gained over the King's Forces ; yet, at
the fame Time, as thefe Letters lay open their own
Wants and Neceffities, the inferting them, in their
proper Order of Time, will not only illuftrate feve-
ral Paffages in the Courfe of this Work, but open
many Scenes of Importance, hitherto concealed from
the Public. We lhall begin with a Letter from De-
vonjhire, which was, on the I3th of this Month,
prefented to the Houfe of Lords, by the Commons,
at a Conference ; and is entered in the Journals of
the former only. It was addreffed to the Lords, and
others, of the Committee for the Safety of the
Kingdom, at Weftmlnjlcr.

Right

90 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. Right Honourable,

^— y—_f .ACcording to our Duty, and Truft repofed in us, we

December. •^ have ufed our left Endeavours for the Preferva-

tlon of this County ; and although little Affijlance hath

A Letter itombeen afforded us by the People here, to what we ex-

Dmonjhire, gi- pefted, yet God, that never fails thofe that go on in

clothe SuteUof *" Wa3* OTld "A UP0tl hh P°W£r Qnd. Goodnefs* hath

Affairs in the ft bleffed us now in this Time of Straits, that he hath
Weft oi England, done great Things for us by fmall Means : To him
therefore be the Glory and the Praife.

Upon Tuefday the zqth of November, Captain
Thompfon and Captain Pymme, by Command of Co-
lonel Ruthen, went to Plimpton, to keep that Town,
•with their Troops, and about 70 Dragooners and
200 Foot, if they faw it might have been kept with-
out great Hazard j but, the next Day, hearing the
Enemies were marching from Taviftock, with (as
was related to us) 3000 Horfe and Foot, and eight
Pieces of Ordnance ; and finding the Town of Plimp-
ton not to be kept without as great a Force as Jhould
come againft it, by reafon the Town lies fo fcattering,
and feveral Villages fo near it ; and fo, left the Enemy
Jhould come between them and Plymouth, they drew
forth towards the Enemy \ but, Night coming on, they
could not come to give them Charge, without Hazard
and Damage one of another in the Dark ; they then
went to Plymouth.

The Day after, being Thurfday, ^Colonel Ruthen,
• tvitb four Troops of Horfe and the aforefaid Dra-

gooners, went to Plimpton to view the Town, and to
fee the Motion of the Enemy ; and, finding the Town
as was related to him, he then drew towards Plymouth,
andjlood upon the Lary for the Space of three Hours ;
forcing the Enemy, who attempted one Charge to have
drawn us to their Ambufcades, to fly prefently ; and
durfl not (with all their Force, which we judge was
at lea ft 2500 Horfe and Foot then left, for many ran
away the Night before) give us a Charge upon fair
Ground ; but that Night they went to Plimpton, where
they continued till Wednefday the "tb of this prefent
Month.

Colonel

Of ENGLAND. 9i

Colonel Ruthen, with the aforefaid four Troops of An. 18, Car. I.
Horfe and about 100 Dragooners, about Three of the t l642'
dock in the Morning, marched from Plymouth over 7T v~
Rubart Downs, being a Eye-way to Modbury ; where
were gathered together, by the Sheriff's Commands^
3 or 4000 Men, fame with Arms, and fame tvithout j
and we came jo privately that they did not discover us
untill we luere within a Mile of the Town ; which
did fo amaze them, that after Sir Ralph Hopton
drew up all the Men he could prefently get, he, with
Sir Nicholas Slanning, ran away and efcaped ; and
after a fmall Skirmijh with thofe that flood to it, with
the Lojs of one Man and two hurt, and three or four
Horfesy we took Prifoners, the Sheriff" Sir Edmund
Fortefcue, and his Brother ; Sir Edward Seymour,
Knight of the Shire for Devonshire, and his Son»
Mr. Baflet, Capt. Pomeroy, Capt. Wood, Capt.
Penrofe, Lieut. Barns 0/Exon, and many others.

From thence we marched that Day, a long March
of fixteen Hours on Horfeback, with our Prifoners9
to Dartmouth, to the Gladding of the Hearts of the
good People there ; for, while we were upon our March
towards Modbury, one Mr. Thomas Leigh was in
Treaty with Sir Ralph Hopton, about the Delivery
up of the Town, as we were informed ; and, by his own
Confejfion fmcet he had got a Warrant to free his
Houfe from Plundering ; this Mr. Leigh we have
alfo taken^ and, with the reft of the Prifoners, have
fent to Plymouth, this Morning, in a Frigate called
the Crefcent, by one Capt. Plunket.

We ran a great Hazard in this Service, as your
Honours may judge, for the Enemy lay on both Sides
with all their Forces ; Part at Plimpton and Part at
Totnefs : But the Lord carried us along in our IJ^ay^
and delivered the Enemies of his Truth and of our Li-
berties, into our Hands, and made many more to fly
before us: The Prifoners Colonel Ruthen hath ordered
to be fent from Plymouth, with the firft fair l^ind,
to London ; and we now lie here, expeSling fame
Force from Exon to join with us ; and, if we can
have but loco Dragooners^ we hope to do the Enemy
yiuch Damage*

We

92 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 1 8. Car. I. We hear* this Day, that fmce our Coming hither
*64*« the Enemy is advanced with the great eft Part of their
December^ F°rce to Totnefs ; what are left at Plimpton we
know not. Iffpeedy Supply comes not of Men, Money ,
and Arms, we fear they will plunder mojl of the good
Towns in this County ; and what it may grow to, if
God doth not mightily work for us, we know not.
Your Honours know of what great Concernment the
Keeping of this County is, and ^ve doubt not but the
great Need of AJJifrance will be fufficient to move
your Honours to take into Confederation the Premifes ;
which that your Honours would bepleafedto do, is the
bumble Petition of

Your obedient Servants,

WILLIAM RUTHEN.

Dartmouth, December 9, ALEXANDER PYMME.

1642 GEORGE THOMPSON.

ANTHONY ROUSE.
LEWIS DICK.

At the foregoing Conference the Lords were in-
formed, That, upon Occafion of this Letter, the
Commons hadpafled thefe Votes following, wherein
Mr. Hollei ap-they defired their Lordfhips Concurrence :
pointed Com. j « That MIY //«//« be defired to command the

mander of thole »-. . , TTr , »-, • /->i • r

Parts in Chic/. Forces in the Wejtern Parts in Chief.

2. * That the Lord-General be defired to grant
aCommiflion to Mr. Holies accordingly.

3. * That a Committee of Lords and Commons
may recommend to the City the State of the Weft-
ern Counties, and earneftly move them, in regard
of the Importance of thofe Counties, to aflift the
fetting forth of a confiderable Strength to be fent
into thofe Parts ; that the Letter from Dartmouth
be communicated to the City of London ; and that
thofe Committees of both Houfes may be a Hand-
ing Committee, to take Care of the Furtherance
and Sending away fuch Supplies as are refolved to be
lent/

The Lords agreed to all thefe Votes, and the fol-
lowing Peers were appointed to be Committees to

join

Of ENGLAND. 93

join with a proportionable Number of the Houfe of An. 18. Car. I.
Commons, viz. the Earls of Pembroke and Baling-
broket the Lord Vifcount Say and Se/e, the Lords
Grey de Werk, Brooke and Wharton.

Nothing further occurs worth our Notice till
December 1 6. When a Meflage came from theThe Parliament
Lord -General, with a Relation that the Parliament's J^^JJ0*
Forces had taken the Caftle and City of Winchefter^fa the taking of
with the Lord Grandifon and 24 other Commanders Wintbeftr*
Prifoners, 700 Soldiers, 600 Horfe, and 600 Arms,
with theLofs of a few Men only. For which Victory
the Lord-General intended to give public Thanks
to God, the next Lord's Day, at l&indfor^ for this
great Succefs without Lofs of Blood. His Lord-
Ihip defined the Lords would give Order that a
public Thankfgiving might be obferved, the fame
Day, in London and Wejlminfter. On which the
Houfe ordered, That the Lord Mayor bedefired to
caufe public Thanks to be given within the faid
City and Liberties ; the Juftices of Peace for Weft-
minjler and Middlefex were alfo ordered to do the
fame, and every where to exprefs their Joy, by
ringing of Bells, &c. for this Victory.

At the fame Time a Letter from Lord Fairfax,
was read, giving a very particular Account of the
State of Affairs in the Northern Counties ; which we
(hall give at Length, as well as all other Matters of
Intelligence fent up to Parliament. It was addrefs'd
to the Speaker of the Houfe of Peers pro Tempore.

May it pleafe your Lordfhip,

T TP O N Saturday lajl I received a Declaration Lord Fairfax" t
^ of Parliament , with a CommiJJion from his Ex- Account of the

tettency the Earl of Eflex, to command in Chief over*?* $*'?""

t r> /• F VT t / »• f> •" • tbern Counties,

the forces of the North, and other adjacent Counties ;

which great Honour and Truft, far above my Ambi-
tion or Merit, by your Lordjhips conferred on me, I
Jhall exercife with all Care and Fidelity ; not doubt-
ing but that your Lordjhips will enable me therein,
ivithfuch other Supplies as the NeceJJity of the Service
Jbatt require, and that reprefintsdfrm hence.

94 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. The State of Affairs in tbefe Parts, fence my lajt
1641. Difpatch of the fir/I of this Month, /lands in this
*— -v— •— ' Manner : The Earl of Newcaftle is come to York,
December, and joined his Forces to the £a//0/Cumberlaml, ma •
ting in a/I, as 1 am informed, about 8000 Men,
Horfe and Foot i of which there is about 200O,fJotfg
and Dragooners ; a Strength far too potent to be re-
ftfted by the fmall Power i&bich I have here, where-
of I fend a Lift inch Jed : Our Strength was once
ejlimatedby ourfehes far greater than now it appears ;
for upon the Earl of Newcaftle'j coming over the
Tees, Sir Edward Loftus with all the Richmond -
fhire Men, and Sir Henry Anderfon with all the
Cleveland Men and the reft of the North -Riding,
which were ejlimated at I OOO Men, did all return
to their own Houfes, fave about 1 30 Men brought
hither by Sir Matthew Boynton, fame other Gentle-
men^ and one Troop of Horfe raifed by Sir Henry
Foulis, and about forty Horfe more brought hither by
Capt. Anderfon. Btfidei this Defett, our Numbers
are decreased by Sir Hugh Cholmley, to whom I
have fent divers Orders to march North ward, to join
with Capt Hotham and the reft, in refifting the
Earl of Newcaftle'j Entry, before he came into
Yorkftiire ; and fince his Entry, to come to me and.
the rejl of the Army at Tadcafter, but he found juch
Impediments as he could do neither j and now I hear
be is gone to Scarbrough, and taken his Forces with
lim, which were about 700 Men ; Col. Boynton,
whofe Regiment confijled of 800 Foot, is likeiuife
marched towards Hull, although I fent him divers
Orders to march up hither to ajjift the Forces at Tad-
cafter, giving me neither Re a fan of his not coming to
met nor of his March towards Hull. 7 underJJood
that Sir John Cell had raifed 800 Men in Derby-
fhire, and fent unto him to march hither to our Suc-
£ our ; but I have received an Anfwer from him, that
lie is not able yet to Jlir from thence : From Sir An-
thony Irby, nor the Lincolnfhire Men, 1 hear no-
thing, though I have fent to them exprefs Mfffengers :
So our whole Strength here (upon Return of the former
fent into the North j confifling iff twenty- ant Companies

Of E N G L A N D. 95

of Foot, and feven Troops of Horfe, and one Com- An. 18. Car. I,
pany of Dragooners, we did fend, of them, two Com- 1642.
panics of Foot to fecure Selby, and one Company to *— — ' v— -*,
fecure Cawood Cajlle ; and quartered the reft, part Dceembcr*
of them at Wetherby, under Command of Capt. Ho-
tham, whom I have nominated to be Lieutenant-Ge-
neral of the Army, and the reft at Tadcafter, under
my own Command.

Upon Tuefday receiving Intelligence that the Earl
0/"Newcaftle, with his whole Forces, intended to fall
upsn our Quarter at Tadcafter, / fent to Capt. Ho-
tham, to bring up the Forces at Wetherby ; which
being done, and the Earl of Newcaftle'j Army come
in Sight, we drew our Men into the uttermojl Part
of our Quarter, where we had raifed fame Breaft-
IVorks for our Mufqueteers : There the Fight began
about Eleven of the Clock , and fo continued, injharp
Difpute, untill about Four of the Clock in the Even-
ing ; in which Time there was at leajl 40,000 Muf-
quet-Shot discharged on both Sides, and great Numbers
of Canon- Shot.

The Enemy had once won Part of the Town and
beaten our Men, and placed fame of their Companies
in two or three Houfes, which did much endanger us j
but in the End our Men, with great Courage* forced
them out again, recovered and burnt the Houfes, and,
killed many of the Enemy's Men that were there pla-
ced ; and, in Conclujion, forced the whole Army to re-
treat, leaving very many of their Men dead, and very
great Numbers wounded : The certain Numbers, nor
Dualities of the Perfons we could not take, but it is
generally /aid by the Country People that there were at
leajl one hundred found killed and burnt, and we
took feventeen Prisoners in the Fight : On our Part
we loft fix Men, and Capt. William Lifter, a vali-
ant and gallant Gentleman, who was /hot with a Muf-
quet Bullet in the Head ; we had about twenty more
wounded, but loft not one Prifoner in the Battle ; thif
divers of our Men, being negligent of their Duty,Jlay-
ed behind us when we quitted the Quarter ; and fo
were taken there by the Enemy, the next Day, and
made Prifoner s. In this Fight our Men bthaved them-

fehes

96 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. l.felves with very great Refolution, far beyond Expefta-
1642. tion, in fo much, as I conceive, we might have main-
~ tained the Place ftill, if we had been furnijhed with
pow^er and Shot ; but having fpent in a Manner all our
whole Store of Bullet , Match, and Powder, I advi-
fed with the Commanders, and, by general Confent, it
was thought Jit to rife with our Forces, and to march to
Cawood and Selby, to fecure thofe Places ; and there
to receive Supplies of Ammunition and Men : This
was accordingly done, and now I am at Selby with
Part of the Army, and the rejl with Capt. Hotham,
at Cawood.

Ye/ierday I fent my Son, Sir Thomas Fairfax,
with Jive Companies of Foot, and two Troops of Horfe
to Leeds ; intending he /hould continue there to fecure
that Place, and the other Clothing Towns, againft the
Earl of Newcaftle'j Forces, if it were poffible ; but
the Enemy's Forces were laid fojirong in the Way, as
te could nut fafs, fo he only beat up a Quarter of the
Enemies in a fmall Village, took five Prifoners, and
retreated to Selby.

This Letter was ordered, by both Houfes, to be
printed : And it is highly probable that no more of
it was then thought proper to be laid before the Pub-
lic, becaufe in Rujhworth's Collections all the follow-
ing Paragraphs are left out, but are here fupplied
from the Lords Journals.

Thus, my Lord, I have briefly reprefented the Con-
dition of the Army at prefent ; which, 1 muft confefs,
I fear will very fuddenly grow worfe, if not utterly
Iroken up ; and that efpecially for want of Money, I
having not above a Week's Pay provided before-hand,
and no vifible Means left to raife Maintenance for
them, unlefs I Jhould give the Soldiers free Quarters
upon the Country : A Cure, in my Conceit, as dange-
rous as the Difeafe, and peradventure not pojftble fa
be effected if the Enemy be Jlill Majlers of the Field,
and cut off" our Men as they go abroad to levy Sufe-
nance ; which they may do, and yet not able to beat up
our Quarters.

ty ENGLAND. 97

/ have hitherto fupported this Army by the Loans An. 18. Car. I.
and Contributions, for tht moji Part, of the Pari/hts ****•
of Leeds, Halifax, and Bradford, and fame of the December.
fmall Cloathing Towns adjacent ; being the only well-
affected People in the Country; who, I much fear, may
fuffer by this Popijh Army of the North, meerly for
their good Affection to Religion and the Public Liberty.
Of the rejt of the Country I was not able to draw any
confiderable Help, the Enemy having Garrifons in Jo
many Places, who threaten to ruin any that Jhould
ajft/l the Parliament and their Caufe with Money , or
other Helps.

My Lord, in Sum, the State of the Country is thus :
The Enemy is mighty, and Majler of the Field, plen-
tifully fupplied from his Majejly, and the Popijh and
Malignant Party, with Monies and all other Necef-
faries. The -well- offered Party, as now it is divided,
not confiderable ; the'-Aid from Lincolnshire, Derby-
fhire, and other Counties, very uncertain ; the Want
of Money here fuch as will force us to dijband within
ten Days. If the Enemy become once abfolute Majler s
6f Yorkshire, they will force Contributions and Suc-
cours from the Country, which will raife a very for-
midable Army, and put the whole Caufe in Peril, if
God do not miraculotijly defend it.

I befeech their Lordjhips ferioujly to conjider of it,
and fend fuch fpeedy Supplies of Men and Money, a:
may enable me to go forward in the Service j which I
/hall not fail to do with a conjlant Fidelity.

Their Lord/hips have, heretofore, ajjigned 20OO /.
for our Succour ; but the moft Part tf it is Jiill at
London, where it lies for want of Exchange or Con-
voy : And therefore what /hall now be fent muji come
either by fufficient Convoy of Forces by Land, or elft
by Sea to Hull, and fo hither to me. The Scots Of-
ficers came hither Tejterday ; but now we are fo (Ira li-
ned that we have no Men to refort to us to put under
their Command, nor have we any Money to pay them.

The further Relation of thefe Affairs I leave to
Capt. Hatcher, who follows thefe Letters purpofely to
give true Relation to the Houfe of thefe Affairs ; he
hath been an Eye-Witncfs to moft of the Paffages in

VOL. XII. G this

The Parliamentary HISTORY
from the firft °f raiflns

^ bis farther ExpreJJlon tjbatt leave it, with this Addl-
December. *'on on^t That if the Country or Caufe fuffer, their
Lordjhips will difcern, by this Relation, in whom the
Fault hath been, and impute it accordingly ; for no-
thing hath been omitted, pojjible to be ejfefted, by
Your Lordfhip's moft faithful
Dated Decanter TO, an(j humble Servant,

1642, from Seley.

FERD. FAIRFAX.

Some Votes were alfo fent up, this Day, from the
Commons, and agreed to by the Lords ; amongft
which was one for fecuring all Popifh Lords, and
others of Quality, within the Cities of London, JVeJl-
minjler, and Southward; and for effectually and
fpeedily fequeftring their Eftates, Offices, iff. to-
wards the Advancement of Money for the Army.

Another, That the Earl of Warwick, and other
Commiffioners of the Admiralty, fliould take Care
to fend fome Ships to ride upon the Northern Coafts,
to prevent the Arrival of any Forces or Ammuni-
tion from Holland or elfewhere ; the Parliament
having then received frefh Intelligence of fuch be-
ing ready to embark from thofe Parts.

It was ordered, alfo, That if any Colonel, Cap-
tain, or other Officers of Scotland, fliould bring into
'England any Forces of Horfe or Foot, by Contrail
of their Agents there, to oppofe the Army of Pa-
pifts and their Adherents now raifed, they fhould
be entertained.

December 17. There had been fome Time can-
vaffing, in both Houfes, certain Articles, as Pro-
pofitions for a Peace, to be prefented to the King ;
and, this Day, the remaining Part of them was de-
bated in the Houfe of Lords ; but the farther Con-
federation thereof deferred to the igth.

Some Prifoners having been taken at Brentford,
Marlborougb, and elfewhere, the King now refol-
ved to proceed agajnft them in a legal Way, for

High

Of E N G L A N D. 99

High Treafon. The famous Col. John Lilburnt*' 18. Car. I.
was one of the firft brought to the Bar, at Oxford, ^J '•'
before Judge Heath; and was indicted for adhial 5^22^;'
levying War againft the King, by the Name of
John Lilburn, Yeoman. He demurred to this
Indiament, on account of his being a Gentleman, CoLIifli»»ffifr.

• T- -i • i. T»-/i- -I r r\ 7 having been con-

of an antient Family in the Bifhopnclc of Durham ; ,&£ ^Oxford,
the Record being therefore amended, he pleaded, for High Trea-
That what he did was in his own Defence, and byfon>
Command of Parliament ; and that he never had,
nor ever would bear Arms againft the King, &c.
He and others were found guilty ; but, to prevent
the Execution of them, the Parliament threatened
the Lex Talionisj and publiflied a Declaration in
this Form:

' TT T
* V V

Hereas Information hath been given to TO prevent their
tne Lords and Commons aflembled in Execution the

« Parliament, That Clifton Cate/by, John

' and Robert Fivers , Captains in the Army,

' by Authority of both Houfes of Parliament, for the

* necefTary Defence of the true Proteftant Religion,

* the King, Parliament, and Kingdom, under the
« Command of Robert Earl of EJftx, Captain-Ge-

* neral thereof, were taken Prifoners by the Forces

* raifed againft the Parliament, in executing their
' feveral Duties and Services, according to the Or-
' dinances of both the faid Houfes, and after carried

* Prifoners to Oxford Gozl; and, having been moft

* barbaroufly ufed, are now queftioned and proceed-

* ed againft by way of Indidment, before Sir Ro-
' bert Heath, Knight, one of his Majefty's Jufti-

* ces of the King's Bench, and others, by Colour
' of fome Commiffion or other Authority from his

* Majefty, for High Treafon and other fuppofed
' Mifdemeanors ; whereas many have been taken

* Prifoners by the Parliament's Forces, in the Adi of

* War againft the Parliament ; which, by the Laws

* and Statutes of this Realm, is Rebellion and High

* Treafon againft the King and Kingdom, and the
' Actors therein Traitors ; and yet none of. them

G 2 « hath

loo The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 18. Car. I.* hath hitherto been put to Death, 'or otherwife
164*. < feverely dealt with by the Parliament:

' h is therefore ordered and declared by the faid

* Lords and Commons, That all fuch Indictments

* and other Proceedings againft the faid Capt. Catef-
' by, Capt. Lilburn, and Capt. Fivers, or againft
' Capt. Wmgate, who have done faithful and good
8 Service to the Commonwealth ; or againft any

* other Perfon, or Perfons, who have done, or (hall

* do, Service in the faid Army ; or for the Raiting
' of any Money, Plate, Horfe, or Arms, for the
' Maintenance thereof; or otherwife in Execution
' of, or Purfuance of, an Order or Ordinance cf both
' or either of the faid Houfes of Parliament, for the
' Defence of the Public Safety, are unjuft and ille-
' gal ; and the faid Sir Robert Heath, and all other
' Commiflioners, Juftices, Sheriffs, Jurors, and

* other Officers and Minifters of Juftice, and other
' Perfons whatfoever, are hereby required and in-

* joined to furceafe any further Proceeding againft

* the faid Perfons before-named, or any other, for
' any the Caufes aforefaid, upon the faid Indicl-

* ments or otherwife.

* And the faid Lords and Commons do further

* declare, That if the faid Perfons before- named, or
< any of them, or any other, {hall be put to Death,
c or other Hurt or Violence offered to their or any

* of their Perfons, for, or by reafon of, any fuch
' Service done, or to be done, by, or according to

* any Order or Ordinance of both or either the faid
« Houfes, the like Punifhment fhall be infliaed by

* Death, or otherwife, upon fuch Prifoners as have

* been, or fhall be, taken by the Forces raifed by

* Authority of both Houfes of Parliament ; and if

* the faid Sir Robert Heath, or any other Com-
' miffioner, Juftice, Sheriff, Juror, or other Of-
' ficer, or Minifterof Juftice, or other Perfon, {hall do
c contrary to this Ordinance in any the Prcmifies,
' they and every of them for fo doing fhall be

* proceeded againft, and dealt with, as Enemies to

* the King and Kingdom.'

December

Of E N G L A N D. 101

December 19. The Lords went again on the An. 18. Car. I»
Propofitions for Peace, and a great Debate enfued
thereupon. The third Article, concerning Delin-
quents, was read, and put to the Queftion, Whether
the Houfe {hall make this Propofition to the King,
That All which are impeached by the Houfe of
Commons, at this Time, fhall be left to take their
Trial by Parliament? Itpafled in the Negative.

On the fame Day the City of London, by an
Order of Common Council, prefemed a Petition
to the Houfe of Lords and Commons, in which
was inclofed another to his Majefty ; which, after
their Approbation, they defined might be conveved
to him. At the fame Time was prefented another
Petition from many Citizens and Inhabitants of that
City. Both thefe were for Peace and a fpeedy
Agreement: Upon the former the Houfe of Com-
mons pafled two Votes, to which the Lords con-
iented , declaring their great Approbation thereof, and
that it was fit this Petition to the King {hould be pre-
fented to him. The other met with a quite differ-
ent Reception. From the Fate of thefe two Peti-
tions the Reader will be enabled to form a Judgment
of the Temper and Difpolition of the Parliament.
Neither of them are mentioned in the Collections of
the Times ; but we meet with a Copy of the latter
in the Lords Journals.

To the Right Honourable the Lords and Commons
aflembled in Parliament,

The HUMBLE PETITION of divers Citizens,
Inhabitants of the City of London and Liberties
thereof, with the Inhabitants of the Borough of
Southwark and Places adjacent,

Sheweth,

CT'H AT the prefent Senfe of our Miferies, and the A. Petition from
•*- Apprehenfton of the inevitable Ruin both, of /^feveral Citizens
Church and Commonwealth^ make us become Suit on S, , ,° " t0/ e
to this Honourable Affembly, the likeliefl Means, under peace;
God, for our Relief; to confider our diftrejfed Eftate^
and provide a fpeedy Remedy for our prejent and fu-
G 3 ture

102 The Parliamentary HISTORY

i. if. Car. I. ture Evils -, earnejlly to defire you to weigh the Care
and Judgment of your Predecejfors ; who, by a known
Law, Jettled and preferred our Protejiant Religion,
our Liberties and Properties, with a right Underjiand-
ing between King and SubjecJ, which produced Peace
and Plenty in our Ejlates ; and to reflect, with Je-
rious Thoughts, upon our prefent Diftempers, viola-
ting Religion by Papi/ts and Seffanes, engaging our
Nation in a civil and deflruSliv^e War, invading our
Laws and Liberties, endangering all our Lives, and
utterly difabliitg us to relieve our dijlrejfed Brethren
in Ireland.

We befeecb you Hkewife to confider the Effetts of a
Civil War, as the DeJlruElion of Chrijiians, and the
unnatural Effufion of Blood ; Fathers again/I Sons ;
Brothers by Brothers, Friends by Friends, /lain ;
then Famine and Sicknefs, the Followers of a conti-
nued War, making Way for a general Confufion and
Invafeon by a foreign Nation ; whilft our Treafure is
exhaujled, our Trade loft, and the Kingdom difpeopled :
Tbefe Things, weighed and enlarged by your Wijdoms,
we doubt not will be as ftrong a Motive in you to labour,
as in us to defire, a fpeedy Peace and happy Accommo-
dation.

JPTierefore we humbly crave that, not lending Ear
to any the Fomenters of the prefent War, under
what Pretence foever ; or remembering ought
that may increaje Jealoufies or continue I)ivifions
between his Majejly and the Houfes of Parlia-
ment ; you will tender his Majejly, according to
bis Royal Intimations, fuch Prspojitions f;r Ac-
commodation as he may, with Honour and Safety
to the whole Kingdom, accept ; for the effecting
whereof wejhall be ready to ajfift you with the
left and utmojl of our Abilities ; and, whil/1 you
endeavour for Peace, we Jkall fend up our
Prayers to Heaven for the BleJJing of Peace up~
en you and all that defire it.

The Petitioners withdrew, and the Houfe took
into Confideration what Anfwer to give to their
Petition 3 and, after Debate, the Gentleman- Ufher

Of E N G L A N D. 103

was commanded to let thofe that brought this Peti- An. 18. Car. I.
tion know, That their Lordfliips have received a l64*«
Complaint againft this Petition from the Houfe of v— " "v— «J
Commons, and will'take the fame into Confidera- ecember«
tion : And a Committee was appointed to confider wh ich • y.
of, and to take Examinations about, the managing ceived by them,
and procuring of this Petition.

The Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common And protefted
Council of the City, upon prefenting their own Pe- againft by the
tition to the Commons, protefted againft this latter, L°rdMay«rp®^
faying, They had damned it by a public Aft ; and
did defire that when hereafter any Petition came to
Parliament, in the Name of the City of London^
and was not attefted by the Hand of the Town-
Clerk, it might be rejected, and not efteemed as a
Petition from their City.

Dec. 20. Although a Vote had pa/Ted the Day
before concerning Delinquents, That they were not
All to be included in their defigned Propofitions to
the King for Peace, the Houfe of Commons had got
that Order, in fome Meafure, over-ruled : For tho*
a Committee of Lords had been appointed to confi-
der of the naming of fuch Delinquents as were to
be excepted out of their A& of Grace, who this Day
brought in their Opinion, That thofe only who had The Lords re-
been impeached before the firftof Januaryh^^ fhould folve to except

be proceeded againft in Parliament ; yet the Lord ^Delinquents
T-,- / -II L i i i i i ' • i "om Tn:" by

Digby, particularly, though he had been impeach- parliament,

ed fmce that Time, was left to the Judgment of
Parliament.

Then the Committee proceeded to name fuch
Perfons as were fit to be removed from the King ;
as, the Marquis of Hertford to lofe his Office about
the Prince ; the Earl of Hrijlol, the Lord Herbert
of Ragland, (eldeft Son of the Earl of IVorcefter}
Mr. Piercy^ Mr. Jermyn, and Mr. IViimot^ to be
removed from Court. And, as the "Journal fays,
after a long Debate, the following Queftion was
put : ' Thofe that are of Opinion to agree with the
Committee, That, at this Time, fuch as the Com-
mittee have named to be impeached by the Houfe

of

104 2fo Parliamentary &ISTORV

An. iS. Car. I. of Commons, (hould be left to the Trial of Pariia-

1641. merit, omitting the reft of thofe which are impeach-

^-— v— — ' ed, fay Content ; and it palled affirmatively.' On

December. wh;cn the following Lords entered their Diffent ;

and, after repeating the two laft Queftions of Ye-

fterday and To-day, carried againft them, they

proceeded to fay,

AFroteftenterM' T T 7"E, whofe Names are fubfcribed, do conceive

thereupon, < yy that the Demanding, by this Houfe, of

' fome to be left to Juftice, and leaving out of others,

« who are under the like Impeachment of High

« Treafon, and have been, by Force of Arms, pro-

< teemed from being brought to a Trial in the higheil
' Court of Judicature, is an Example of very ill Con-

* fequence : Becaufe we conceive that it is not pro-
' per for this Houfe to move the Houfe of Com-

* mons, in the Stopping of their Proceedings upon
' Impeachments ; and that it doth not only give

* Encouragement to a King to attempt the like Stop-
« page of Juftice by Force, and, from this Piece-
' dent, to ftand upon the Protecting of Perfons im-

4 peached j but to Subjects alfo, who may be in*
« duced to undertake any Thing in Hopes of Im-
« punity, even from the Defues of this Houfe ;
« which hath not demanded any one of thofe to be
' left to Trial, who, fmce his Majefty's Going to
« York, have been impeached of High Treafon, for

< actual levying War againft the King and King-
f dom.

« Upon thefe, amongft other Reafons, we have

5 demanded our Right of Proteftation ; and do now
« accordingly enter it, to clear ourfelves from any

* Inconveniences that may follow from thefe Votes }
' which are, in our Opinion, very prejudicial to
' the Privileges of Parliament and the Liberty of the
« Subjea.'

WARWICK. BOLINGBROKE.

PETERBOROUGH. WJLLOUGHBY of Par-
MANCHESTER. ham.

SAY and SELE. BROOKE.
WHARTON. GREY dt Werk.

Next

Of ENGLAND. 105

Next was read the Whole of the Proportions for An. iS. Car, J.
Peace, which were agreed on by the Lords, and or-
dered to be fent down to the Commons ; but, as *~£^~^*
they laid a long Time in that Houfe, being not
preiented to the King till above a Month after this,
and were alfo much altered from this Copy, it can-
not be amifs to give it here, and poftpone the other
to its proper Place. By this Means may be evi-
dently feen, That the Lords were much more in-
clined to an Agreement than the Commons, by the
Softnefs of thefe Propofitions, and the Harflmefs
of the other.

The faid Propofitions were as follow :

* X7~OUR Majefty's moft humble and faithful The Propofiuon.
c JL Subjects, the Lords and Commons in Par- to the King for
4 liament afTembled, having always in their Thoughts Pea.ce' " J**n

c L /"«« r /-» j \/t ' n. > tT . up by the Houfc

c the (jlory of God, your Majefty s Honour, and0f Lords.
c the Profperity of your People ; and being moft

* defirous to put an End to thefe Miferies which
4 now infect, and further threaten, a Defolation of
4 this Kingdom if not timely prevented ; and that

* they may provide for the Safety of your Majefty's
' Royal Peifon, and for the Defence of your loyal
-' Subjects, againft all fuch as would, in their Mind,
' dtftroy the Worfhip of God in his true Religion,
4 the Laws of this Land, and the Rights and Privi-
' leges of Parliament ; and alfo to fettle fuch Way
6 for the future, as the like or other Diffractions and

* Diftempers may not again break forth, do moft
4 humbly befeech your Majefty to accept of and
4 grant thefe their moft humble Defires and Propo-
c fitions, as the moft neceflary and effectual Means
' thereunto, through God's Bleiung ; and that there-
4 by your Majefty may live in as great Honour as
' any of your Royal Anceftors have done, and be

* as formidable to your Enemies as any of your
4 Predeceflbrs have been j and that your Subjects,
4 with Peace and Plenty, may, with Gladnefs of
4 Heart, perform their Duties to God and your Ma-

4 jefty,

106 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS.Car, i.' jefty, and enjoy their juft Liberties under your

1642. ' moid gracious Prote&ion.

''">'•"'-' ' That your Majefty will be pleafed to give the
' Royal Aflent unto the Bill for taking away fuper-
c ftitious Innovations,

' To the Bill againft fcandalous Minifters,
« To the Bill againft Pluralities,
' To the Bill for a Confultation to be had with
' godly, religious, and learned Divines : And

I. * That your Majefty would be pleafed to pro-
e mife to pafs fuch other "good Bills, for fettling of

* the Church Government, as, upon Confultation
' with the AfTembly of the faid Divines, fhall be

* refoked on by both Houfes of Parliament, and,
' by them, to be prefented unto your Majefty :

* And that your Majefty will confirm the Decla-

* ration, pafled in both Houfes, for the taking away

* of Bifhops, Deans and Chapters ; and that fuch

* unneceflary Ceremonies, as are oftenfive to tender
' Confciences, may not be preflcd upon your Maje-
' fty's good Subjects, as hath already been gracioufly
' promifed by your Majefty.

II. * That the Rights, Liberties, and Privileges
' of Parliament may be no ways infringed, but

* maintained.

III. ' That fuch as have been impeached by the

* Houfe of Commons, before the firft Day of Ja-
' nuary, 164.1, and likewife the Lord Digby, fhall

* be left to their due Trial in Parliament ; that the

* Marquis of Hertford may be removed from his
4 Charge about the Prince ; the Earl of Briftol^ the
' Lord Herbert of Rag/and, Mr. Piercy, Mr. Jer-

* myHf and Mr. Wilmot^ may be removed from the
' Verge of the Court.

IV. * That your Majefty will be pleafed to pafs
' an A& in fuch Manner, as ma-y vindicate and fe-
' cure the Privilege of Parliament from the ill Con-

* fequences of the late Precedent, in the Charge and
« Proceeding againft the Lord Kimbolton, now Earl
< of Manckejter^ and the five Members of the Houfe
' of Commons.

V. * That

Of ENGLAND 107

V. ' That your Majefty, upon the humble Pe-An. 18. Car. I.
« tition of both Houfes of Parliament, will be pleafed

* to grant your Letters Patent to to
« be Chief Juftice of your Court of King's Bench ;
c to the Lord Chief Juftice Banks , to be continued

* to be Chief Juftice of your Court of Common
« Pleas ; to Mr. Juftice Fofter, to be Chief Baron of
' your Court of Exchequer; and that Mr. Juftice
« Reeve may be continued one of the Judges in the
' Court of Common Pleas ; to Mr. Juftice Bacon,

* to be continued one of the Judges in your Court of

* King's Bench ; to Mr. Serjeant Wylde, to be one

* of the Judges of your Court of King's Bench j to
4 Mr. Serjeant Roll, to be one of the Judges of

* your Court of King's Bench ; to Mr. Serjeant
« Pheafant, to be one of the Judges of your Court of

* Common Pleas ; to Mr. Serjeant Atkins, to be one
4 of the Judges of your Court of Common Pleas ;
' to Mr. Serjeant Crefwell, to be one of the Barons
c of the Court of Exchequer ; to Mr. Samuel Brown

* and Mr. John Pule/ion, to be two of the Barons

* of your Court of Exchequer ; and that all of them
« may hold their Places quamdiu fe bene gefferlnt.

VI. * That fuch Juftices of the Peace, that have

* been lately out of the Commiffion of the Peace in
c the feveral Counties of England and Wales, may
' be reftored ; and that the Lord -Keeper may be

* commanded to revoke the Commiflion and omit

* fuch as are unfit for that Government.

VII. * That your Majefty's Royal Aflent may

* be given unto fuch A&s, as (hall be advifed by

* both Houfes of Parliament, for the fatisfying and
' paying of the Debts wherein the Kingdom now

* ftands engaged.

VIII. « That all Adls of the Council-Table, that
' do concern Government, may be attefted under
' the Hands of thofe who give the Advice.

IX. ' That an Act of Oblivion may pafs for all
' Crimes and Offences committed, or pretended to

* be committed, excepting the Perfons defired to be

* brought to their Trial in Parliament.

X. • That

lo8 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. X. * That your Majefty's general Pardon may
' be granted to all, excepting fuch as before-named.
December^ * ^ *s num^'y defired that your Majerty will

declare your Pleafure, whether you will not have
a CefTation from all Manner of Acls of Hoftility
for fourteen Days ; the Ceffation to commence
from fuch a Time as (hall be agreed on by your
Majefty and the two Houfes of Parliament.
XII. « That the Laws againft Popifli Recufants

* may be put in due Execution.'

Dec. 22. Petitions came up from different Parts
of the Kingdom to the Lords, all crying loudly for
Peace. To which the Lords returned this Anfwer :

* That they approved of their Defires for Peace and
Agreement between the King and Parliament, which
was always defired and endeavoured by that Houfe ;
and that they were then about it, and hoped for good
Succefs,'

The fame Day a Letter from the Earl of Stam-
ford was read, giving an Account of the Surrender
of Briftol to the Parliament ; and that he was raifmg
a very confiderable Number of Forces in thole
Parts.

Nothing elfe material occurs in the Journals, till
the laft Day of this Month ; when a new Subfcrip-
tion, for the further Maintenance of the Army, feems
to be warmly promoted in the Houfe of Lords : And
the Peers under-written iubfcribed their Names and
Sums, as follow :

A Subfcription Earl of Warwick — 500 Ld. Vifc. &?yand Sele 100

in the Houfe_of£ari0f Mancbejler 300 Lord Brooke 2CO

tenance °of the" ^-arl °f Bolingbroke 20O Lord Fielding 500

Parliament'sAr-

"y- It was ordered, alfo, That the Speaker of that

Houfe fhould move, on the firft of "January next, to
know the Anfwer of thofe Lords who have not fub-
fcribt-d to the Maintenance of the Army, as well as
the Affiftants alfo attending that Houfe,

That

Of E N G L A N D. 109

That the Parliament was driven to great Straits An. 18. Car.t,
for want of Money at this Time, is alfo evident .J^"— ' _j
from a MefTage fent to the Houfe of Commons, this December.
Day, importing, That there was a great Neceffity
for Money, and that the City of London was wil-
ling to make a further Subfcription, if the Mem-
bers of Parliament would fet a good Example in
that Particular. That divers Lords had already
fubfcribed to this Purpofe, and the Speaker was or-
dered to know the Anfwers of thofe who had not ;
and others were appointed to take the Subfcriptions
of the Afliftants this Afternoon ; therefore the Com-
mons were defired to take the fame Courfe with their
Members, that it might be recommended with all
Expedition to the City of London to do the like.

Thus ended the Calendar Year of 1642 ; and a
very bufy Year it was, both in refpedt of the various
Multiplicity of Parliamentary Affairs, or rather
Military Affairs tranfacted in Parliament, and the
difmal Apprehenfions each Party in the Kingdom
muft be in, of being plundered, burnt out, ruined,
or flain by the other: So that the fafeft Afylum for
any fmgle Perfon was, then, a Station in the King's
or the Parliament's Army.

All the Prifons, in and about London^ were full
of Malignants and Delinquents, as they were then
called by the Parliament ; infomuch that, befides
the common Prifons, Windfor Caftle, London Houfe,
the Lord Petre's Houfe in the City, the Deanery of
St. Paul's, Ely Houfe, and Lambeth Houfe, as Win-
chejier Houfe in Southiuark had been before, were
made ufe of for that Purpofe.

The King at this Time kept his Court at Oxford^
his Army being quartered conveniently in the
neighbouring Towns, this Seafon not being proper
for A&ion. Hither great Numbers of both Houfes
of Parliament had reforted to him ; infomuch that,
in a fhort Time, they conftituted a Kind of feparate
Houfe of Lords and Commons of themfelves ; as
will be (hewn hereafter. — But to proceed with the
'Journals.

no The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. January 2. The Earl of Northumberland, from a
l6*1- Committee appointed to confider of a Bill to fettle
^~* the Militia, reported what they had done in that
Bufmefs. Great Difficulties apearing hereupon,
A new Bill pro-the Lords thought fit to refpite the offering any Bill
pofed relating tofor that Purpofe till the King (hould return to Par-
the Militia, foment; but, in the mean Time, to make ready a Bill
which fhould declare, That the King fhould not
difpofe of the Power of the Militia without the Par-
liament, nor the Parliament without the King; that,
to prevent all Jealoufies, both Sides might have an
equal Power.

Jan. 3. The Scots Commiffioners prefented two
Memorials to Parliament, complaining, That their
Army in Ireland, on Englijh Pay, were almoft ftar-
ved for want of it ; and that 40,000 /. the remaining
Part of the Brotherly Afiiftance- Money, tho' long
due, was yet unpaid. The Parliament excufed
both thefe Negk&s ; laid the Blame on the Civil
War and the prefent DiftracHons of the Times j
but promifed as fpeedy a Payment as poflible, ac-
cording to that Juftice and Honour which they
owed to all Men, but in a more efpecial and affec-
tionate Manner to their Brethren of Scotland.

Jan. 4. The Commons fent up a MeiTage to the
Lords, and with it a Letter they had juft received
from their General, the Lord Fairfax, in the North ;
which we here give in its own Words. It was ad-
drefs'd to one of their Members :

A Letter from 7 Have of late addrejjed fame Relations of my Pro-

Lord Fairfax •*- ceedings here, to the Committee appointed for the

KSinfs'of Safet? °ftbe Ki"Zdom > beinZ a/ured that they ivould,

the two Armies/ro>n lime to Time, impart them to both Houfes of

in Yorkjbirt. Parliament ; thatfuch Confederation might be had of

them as the NeceJJtty of the Caufe requires. Now I

addrefs this Relation to you, not doubting but it Jhall

be imparted to both Houfes of Parliament, and to the

Committee for the Safety of the Kingdom ; that the

Affairs of this Country being known to them all, they

may

Of ENGLAND. in

may be provided for as their Wifdoms Jhall fee conve- An, 18. Car. I.
nient. ^42.

/ /foiv, formerly, advert if ed that the Earl 0/New- UP -^—»ij
caftle'y y/rwy foy* ^feizd upon Leeds, where they Januar7«
plundered the well-affetled Party, and raifed a very
great Sum of Money out of thofe that they could draw
to compound for their Securities. From Leeds they
marched, on Sunday /&£ iSth of this Month, with
Jive Troops of Horfe, Jix Companies of Dragoons^
20O Foot, and two Drakes of the Earl e/'Newcaftler'.f
Army ; befedes Sir William Savile, and divers other
Gentlemen of Yorkfhire and their Forces, that join 'd
themfelves with them. They came to Bradford about
Ten o'clock in the Morning, intending to furprize
the Town in Time of Prayer ; but the Town having
Scouts abroad, had Notice of their Coming, and gave
the Alarm to the Country, who came in to their Suc-
cour from the Parts adjoining ; yet they had not in all
above 80 Mujkets, the reft being armd with Clubs^
end fuch ruftick Weapons, with which fmall Force
they put the Caufe to Trial with the great Strength
of the Enemy ; who planted their Drakes9 and dif-
charged each of them f event een Times upon the Town,
untilla Town's Man, with a Fowling-piece, kiWdone
cfthe Cannoneers ; and then they all, with great Ceu-
rage, ijjiied from the Town upon the Enemy, killed
many of them, took about 30 Prisoners, and forced the
reft to retreat, leaving 40 of their Mujkets and a
Barrel of their Powder, with much other Provifonst
behind them ; and this with the Lofs of but three
Bradford Men.

The Report of the Country is, That the Enemy,
amongjl thofe that were tilled, lojl Col. Evers, Captain
Bynns, and another Commander ; that Col. Goring,
General of the Horfe, with the Earl of Newcaftle,
was wounded ; that Serjeant -Major Carr is taken
Prifoner ; and it is generally reported that 150 more
ran away upon the Retreat, and are not fince return-
ed to Leeds.

In this VitJory the Hand and Power of God was
mo/} evident, the Town being open sn all Sides, and of
itjelf not being defenfible\ ajjaulted on every Side by a

mali-

112 tfht Parliamentary HISTORY

'• * V Car< *• malicious and bloody Enemy, and defended by a few
half-naked Men j there being in the Town not above

January. 8° Mujkets before they get 40 more by the Spoils of the
Enemy : So that the Slaughter was, for the moj} Part,
•with Clubs ', and Scythes mounted on Poles, when they
clos'd and came to Hand-Bioivs. With this Defeat the
Enemies are fo enraged, that they threaten utter Ruin
to Bradford ; whereupon the Town's Men fcnt to me
for Succour of Men and Arms, and I have fent my Son,
with Sir Henry Foulis, to them with three Troops of
Horfe and \ 20 Dragooners< Theje arefafely arrived
there, and received with grtat 'Joy and Acclamation
ef the Country, who jlock to him, and offer themf elves
mojl willingly to ferve again/? the Popijh Enemies, if
Arms could be furnijhed to them. He hath already
furprized fame Victuals fent in, upon Warrants, to
the Enemy at Leeds, by the over-awed Country ; and
he hath fent Capt. Mild may with his Troop of Horfe
and fame Dragooners into Craven, tojfop the raifmg
ef Money and Forces in that Country ; which is at-
tempted by the £tfr/c/"Cumberland, who is lately re-
tired from York to Skipton ; and I hope he will leave
nothing unattempted that may conduce to the Safety of
the Country, fo far as can be expefted from the few
Forces be hath with him.

The Earl of Newcaftle proceeds in raifmg Money +
ly all the illegal and opprejftve Jf^ayi that can be devi-
fed ; and, both by the Commijjion of Array, and by
Prejfes made in the Churches, raifeth all the Men he
can. Ihis being attempted in Cleveland by certain
of the difajfefied Gentry, their Expectation was pre-
vented; the Refort and Appearance of the People
flopped, and the CommiJJioners themftlves forced to yfy,
by Sir Hugh Cholmley, to whom I fent fpecial Or-
der for that End. J hear he hath alfo been at Mai-
ton, and there furprized both the Receiver and the
Monies raifed out of the Country thereabouts, by thofe
ff^arrants. J cannot hear, certainly, what Monies
or Men the Earl of Newcaftle hath raifed fince he
came into this Country ; but he grants Commijfions to
fundry convift Recufants to raife Troops of Hcrje, as,
Sir John Middleton, Sir Walter Vavafor, Mr. Tin-
dale,

Of E N G L A N D. 113

dale, and others ; w ho, I hear, are now raifing their An. 18. Car. I,
Men : And I hear daily Complaints of horrible Plun-
ders and Spoils done by that Army, and thofe by fpecial
Order, andinfuch Manner, as, if they be not fpeedily
reftrained, and this Popijh Army expelled the Coun-
try^ they will not only utterly ruin all Trade and Com-
merce ; but difcoura'ge and difable all Huftandry j and
fo bring Poverty and Famine upon the Land.

Since my laft Ejlimate of our Forces, there is little
Alteration of them ; only 1 20 Dragooners of Sir An-
thony IrbyV Regiment are come hither, which I fent
to Bradford with my Son. Col. Boynton, with his
Regiment, being 500 Foot and 40 Horfe, are come
hither j but Captain CromptonV Dragooners, as he
complains to me, are all run away ; fo I have given
him a new Commijfton to raife a Company. For any
other Supplies, I cannot expeft them untillthe Aids come
from the South ; for Sir Hugh Cholmley, as I hear,
cannot bring 1 30 Men ; and thofe are fo much dejired
to be retained in the North- Riding, to interrupt
the raifing of Men in that Country in Aid of the Earl
0/"Newcaftle, as I do not prefs his March this Way*
and for the Lincolnfhire Aids, expected to be fent
us, I cannot hope for any from them ; having this
Day received a Letter by Captain Hatcher, wherein
the Earl of Lincoln, and the Committee at Lincoln,
write they are not able to defend themfelves again/}
500 Foot, three Troops of Dragooners, and two
Troops of Horfe, with feven Pieces of Ordnance, fent
to Newark by the Earl o/Newcaftle j and therefore
dejire Help frcm me.

I have formerly represented to the Committee the
extreme Want of Money here, and how impojjible it is
to raife any, the Enemy being Majler of the Field. I
have fent to Sir John Hotham, Sir Edward Rhodes,
Sir Hugh Cholmley, and Capt. Hotham ; but they
all alledge great Necejflities of their own, and help me
with none; fo that I am put upon fuch Straits^ as fel-
dom happen, to retain an Army together, and withall
ferve again/} a more potent Enemy ; having neither
Money to pay them, nor free Quarters to give them.
If a fpeedy Supply of Money do not comey I much fear

VOL. XII. H the

H4 tte Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Ctr. I. the Soldiers willfleal away and defert the Service. I
1642. have }ujl now received your Letters, fignifying that
U."— v"" "^ the Houfe hath defigned us !O,oool. to be presently
January, fat, and will take further Care for all Neceffarits '
to be fuppliei; for this, 1 befeech you, return my
bumble Thanks, and ajjure them that they Jhall want
no Care nor Fidelity in me to advance the Service,
Jo highly concerning the Laws and Religion of thi
Land.

I am now about to procure Billets, for fourteen
Days, on the Inhabitants of the Towns where I quar-
ter, and to engage for the Payment as foon as the
Money comes to me. Ail this I befeech you to repre-
fent to the Honourable AJJembly, whofe Care 1 doubt
not but will fupply all our Wants now reprefented;
tfpecially hajtening dawn the Forces of the Southern
farts with the Monies intended for our Supplies.

It is advifed by the Commanders here, net to fall
upon any of the Enemy's Barters at this Time, un-
tillwe are granger, or have certain Intelligence of their
ffleaknefs ; in the mean Time we lie Jlili waiting for
Opportunities ) which /hall not be negleftcd, if once
offtredunto

Your affe&ionate Friend

Silly, Dec. ag,

164*- and Servant,

FERD. FAIRFAX.

P. S. The Enemy hath not made any Attempt upon
our Quarters Jince our Remove from Xadcafter, un-
till this Morning ; when five Troops of Horfe and
three Companies of Dragooners from Sherburne, fell
upon cur Quarter at Bryton, where two Companies
of our Foot and one Company of Horje quartered. They
came in fo faji with our Scouts, that they were in the
Town before many of our Men could be drawn out ;
and yet the mojl Part of our Ssldiers carried them-
felves with fuch Refilution, as they forced the Enemy
to retreat in great Confnfion, and took three of them
Prifoners ; and this with the Lofs but of one Man on
our Part,

After

Of E N G L A N D. 115

After the reading of this Letter, an Order was An. 18, Car. T,

made to fend the Lord Fairfax a Supply, and to jfy-a-

truft to his known Jaftice and faithful Service for ^ t~*~7 ~~*
the due Management of it.

There was nothing material done in the Houfe An Agreement of
of Lords forfome Days after this, except an Order Neutrality m

n • ] A U-LLJL Cbelbire, quaflied

maae for qualhing an Agreement which had beenby-parj]ajnenu
entered into by both Parties in Chefhire, in or-
der to keep Peace in that County ; it being urged,
as in the like Cafe before in Yorkjhlre, which we have
particularly taken Notice of in our laft Volume,
That it was dangerous to the whole Kingdom for
one County to ftand neuter, and withdraw itfelf
from the Affiftance of the reft.

A Declaration was alfo made and agreed to, for Means for raffing
raifing more Money by a frefh Subfcription, and more Money for
that the Speakers of both Houfes were to take the^™3™* *f
Anfwers of the Members, &c. of each, to learn
what they will fubfcribe for the Maintenance of the
Army. The Lord Mayor of London was likewife
ordered to call a Common Hall, and fome Mem-
bers of both Houfes were appointed to go thitherj
to exhort the Citizens to do the like.

Jan. 10. A Cafe happened in the Houfe of Com- Remarkable DM
mons, which, though trivial in itfelf, may not beplfion?. ?n
improper to take Notice of. In one of the Debates
relating to the Propofitions for Peace, the Houfe di-
vided on the Queftion ; when the Tellers came to
make their Report of the Numbers, they could not
agree upon it, three being of one Opinion, and the
fourth of another. The Houfe then divided again,
and all that were not prefent at the firft Telling
were required to withdraw. The Tellers reported
the Numbers to be thirty-three on each Side: But
one Member prefent at the firft Divifion and Tel-
ling, yet came not in upon the fecond Telling, till
the Numbers were given in and reported by Mr.
Speaker, was defired to be counted ; a Debate arofe
whether he fhould or not, coming not in till the
Report was made: The Houfe divided again on
this Queftion $ but before it was told, the Noes yield-
H 2 ed,

1 1 6 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. Led, and that Member being added to the Yeas,
'642- made their Number thirty-four.

Many Copies of InftrufUons are entered at this
Time for the Parliament's Lord -Lieutenants, and
other Agents in the feveral Counties ; and alfo a fe-
cond Declaration concerning the King's Commif-
fion of Array : b All of them too tedious for our
Purpofe: But

A Relation of the ^n tne I2t^ of this Month a Relation was read
Manner of pre-tn the Houfe of Lords, fent up by the Commons,
fcnting a Petition concerning the Carrying and Delivery of a Petition
fe^touMte °ffrom the C.!ty of London, to the King at Oxford.
Kong»t Offer d. This Relation was made by the City's Commitfion-
ers appointed for that Purpofe; and, fince the Con-
fequences of it are fomewhat curious, deferves a
Place in thefe Enquiries. The Petition is not en-
tered in the Journals, being a Work of Common
Council onlyj but we have met with a printed
Copy of it, and the King's Anfwer to it, with
fome Speeches made by a Committee of both Houfes,
fent to attend the reading of them in the Guildhall?
which we fhall give : And firft the Relation itfelf,
as it ftands in the Journals :

A T this Common Council Sir George Garret^
£\^ Sir George Clark, Knights and Aldermen,
Mr. Peter Jones, Mr. George Henley, Mr. Richard.
Bateman, and Mr Barney Reames, Commiflion-
ers lately appointed by this Court to make their
Addrefs unto his Majefty, with an humble Pe-
tition, in the Name of the Mayor, Aldermen,
and Commons of this City, did make their Re-
lation in Writing, which followeth in thefc
Words:'

On Monday the fecondof January we came to Ox-
ford, between One andTwo o 'Clock in the Afternoon ;
where , tbd1 we could get no Lodgings before Night ,

yet

k HuitenJt's Ce.'lefiient, fjom p, 850, to 891.

Of E N G L A N D. 117

yet prefently we difpatched one to give the Z0r^Falk An. 18. Cat. I.
Jand Notice of our coming. About Three o Clock we l64^*
did all of us attend his Lerdjhip, at his Lodgings in ^j^T^
New College ; with whom we fent we alfo to the
Court, to receive his Majejiys Order for d<JmrJ/iox
into his Prefence ; who returning unto us, and bring- ,

ing us Word, that his Majejly would receive the Peti-
tion at Five o'Clocky we accordingly all of us came to
the Court. After fame Jmall Time of Attendance we
were admitted unto his Majejty in his Withdruwing-
Chamber, and the Petition fablickly read in his Ma-
jejty's Prejence ; unto which his Majejly prefently made
Anfwer unto this Effe£ty That he was giad of the
Occafton this Petition would give him, to let the
City know fome of his Declarations ; which, al-
though he ha<J already caufed them to be put in
Print, yet he doubted might be kept from the
Knowledge of his People in the City: That he
doubted the Petitioners promifed more than they
could perform, to wit, To defend his Majejly from
Tumults ; when, as he heard, they could not main-
tain Peace and Quiet among themfelves : That his
Anfwer fhould be full, which he would expect
fhould be publifhed and made known to all his
People in the City. And he added this Queftion^
Whether they had petitioned the Parliament aifo,
to remember them of their Duty to his Majefty ?
To this it was prefently anfwered, That we were
only MefTengers of this Petition, and could give no
Anfwer to that Queftion.

On Tuefday we had no Audience, and only attend-
ed our Anfwer ; but, on Wednefday the fourth of
January, we addrefs' dour [elves fir our Difpatch, by
a Meffage unto the Lord Falkland, and received his
Majejly' 's Order to attend at Three o'clock that After-
noon, which we did accordingly ; and, being called in,
his Majejly gave us a Paper, which, he f aid, was his
Anfwer to ihe Petition ; and fo delivered it into the
JHands of a Gentleman called Mr. Heron, jlanding
ly hii/i ; who, be [aid, foould go with us, and fee it
djne accordingly. And having demanded which waf
H 3 the

n8 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Cir.I.the greater AJJembly^ a Common Council or a Common

1 64* Hall ; and it being anjwered^ That a Common Hall

**- ~~-~ — ' was the greater Ajjembly* his Majejly twice exprejly

January. commanded us that this his Anfwer Jhould be publtjhed

at a Common Hall\ that there might be fair Play

and above- board) and that the People of the City might

be difabujed) and know the Truth.

This done his Majejly difmijjed HJ, as we thought ;
but presently we were recalled, and his Majefty faidy
He would fend Come Perfons to be amongft us in
the Ciry, to inform the City and him of the Truth;
whom he would expect they fhould protect, feeing
they did protect Peifons ill-affedted to his Majefty ;
and that he fliould fee by that, how they were able
to protect his Majefty.

This Relation we make according to our be ft Re-
membrance.

The foregoing Narrative being read, it was de-
clared, That the Houfe of Commons held it very
neceflary, if their Lordfhips fhall fo pleafe, that
fome Committees of both Houfes be prefent at
the Common Hall, to hear what (hall be read
from his Majefty by Mr. Heron : And if it fhould
prove to be the fame that is printed, which con-
tains Matters very fcandalous to the Parliament,
dangerous to the City and whole Kingdom, feem-
ing purpofely defigned to ftir up Mutiny in the
City, that then they might be ready to take oft'
the Afperfions laid upon the Proceedings of both
Houfes ; and to {hew their Confidence in the
Loyalty, Wifdom, and good Affe6tion of the City;
that they will not be mifled nor diftemper'd by
any fuch Scandals and Afperfions : And if it
prove not the fame, but do contain any other
Afperfions, they might 'ik< wife clear the Honour
and Juftice of their Proceedings as they fhall fee
Caufe ; and the Houfe of Commons defires their
Lordfhips to join with them in this alfo, that
whatfoever the Meflage did appear to be, they
fhould yet clear the two Houfes of Parliament,

not-

Of ENGLAND. 119

notwithftanding all the Taxes laid upon them by An. 18 Car. I.
that Book} having done nothing but agreeable to l642<
their Duty to the King and Kingdom ; and that ( — i^w ~~*'
the Loyalty and Modefty of the City, exprefled in
their Petition to his Majefty, wereto be commended.

The Commons alfo offered to their Lordfliips
Confideration fome Obfervations, extracted out of
the King's Anfwer, with their Reply ihereunto.—
But all thefe, being recited and enlarged upon in
the following Speech of Mr. Pyrnme, we pafc

The next Day the whole Affair was tranfacled at
the Guildhall, and a particular Account taken of
it, and printed by Order of the Houfe of Commons,
with an Introduction and Remarks upon it. Mr.
Rujhworth hath the Petition, Anfwer, and fubfe-
quent Speeches in his Collections0; and as the print-
ed Copy, above-mentioned, is much more circum-
ftantial, we {hall give it from that Authority d.

The INTRODUCTION.

CT'R AT Olfervatlon, Man's Extremities are God's
-* Opportunities, was never more abundantly and
experimentally made good than in thefe latter Days ;
and in none of thefe more than on Friday the iyh of
January, 1642, in and toward, the City of London,
where his Mafefty's unexpected Anfwer to an bumble
Petition, prefented to his Majefty at Oxford, from
the Lird Mayor and Cowmen Council of that Honour-
able City^ made many fad Hearts ; not only in regard,
that all the unwearied and loyal Endeavours of Par-
liament and City, with other Parts of the Kingdom^
have made no deeper ImpreJJion upon his Majefty's
Heart, the greatejl Treafure for which they have
contended ; but alfo in fome doubtful Expectation what
Advantage fuch Spirits might have made of it, atleajl

to

c In Volume V. p. no.

<1 Published, with the Licence of Mr. Elfyngc, Clerk of the Houfc
of Common?, by Putr Cole, the Printer of the other Speeches at the
Guildhall, which are already given in this Volume.

120 'The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. \%. Car. \.to the unfettling of the Peace, and difuniting the Spi-
rits of the City who Jleer all their Actions by that
Maxim of Policy, Divide & impera, divide and dtt
what you will: The rather when they obferve that the
Counfel of fome not fo Well-wijhers, certainly, to the
Public Safety, as to their own private Interejis, had
prevailed with his Majeftj that his Anfwer Jhould be
publijhed at a Common Hall, by his Majefty's exprefs
Order for that Purpofe, when as the Petition was
humbly tendered to his Majeliy from a Common Coun-
cil. To avoid all Inconveniences, it pleafed the Wildom
and Goodnefs of Heaven to direR the Parliament to
chufe an Honourable Committee of Lords and Commons
to be prefent at the reading thereof; and the Governors
of the City to order that all the Companies Jhould firjl
meet at their feveral Halls, and then come in their City
Habits to /fo Guild hall, where his Majefty's Anfwer
was to be read : IV hen the Committee of both Houfesj
with the Lord Mayor, Aldermen , and fuch a Conflu-
ence of Liverymen as hath not been feen there in the
Memory of the oldeft Man in the City, being met, thf
Lord Mayor commanded the Town Clerk to read, irt
tht Audience of that great A/embly, the City's Peti~
tiori) which here follows ;

To the KING'S Mojl Excellent Majefly,

fbe HUMBLE PETITION of the Mayor, Aldermen*

and Commons of the City of London,

Shewed,

S S a* a" C TH AT the Petitioners, your Majefty's moft
Coamon HalJ. ' JL humble and loyal Subje&s, being much

* peirced with the long :md great Divifions between
' your Majefty and both your Houfes of Parliament,
< and with the fad and bloody Effe&s thereof, both
' here and in Ireland, are yet more deeply wounded

* by the Mifapprehenfion which your Majefty feem-
' cth to entertain of the Love and Loyalty of this
« your City, as if there were fomc Caufe of Fear
' or Sufpicion of Danger to your Royal Perfon, if

* your Majefty fhould return thhherj'and that this

* is

Of ENGLAND. 121

* is made the unhappy Bar to that blefled Reconci-A
*• liation with yout great and moft faithful Council,

4 for preventing that Defolation and Deftruction,
4 which is now moft apparently imminent on your
4 Majefty and all your Kingdoms :

4 For Satisfaction therefore of your Majefty, and

* clearing of the Petitioners Innocency, they moft
4 humbly declare, as formerly they have done, That
4 they are in no way confcious of any Difloyalty,
4 but abhor all Thoughts thereof : And that they
4 are refolved to make good their late folemn Prote-
4 ftation and facred Vow made to Almighty God,
4 and, with the laft Drop of their deareft floods,
4 to defend and maintain the true Reformed Proteft-

* ant Religion ; and, according to the Duty of their
4 Allegiance, your Majefty's Royal Perfon, Honour,
4 and Eftate ; (whatever is malicioufly and moft
4 falfly fuggefted to your Majefty to the contrary) as
4 well as the Power and Privileges of Parliament,
4 and the lawful Rights and Liberties of the Subject j
4 and do hereby engage themfelves, their Eftates,
4 and all they have, to their uttermoft Power, to

* defend and preferve your Majefty and both Houfes
4 of Parliament from all Tumults, Affronts, and
4 Violence, with as much Loyalty, Love, and
4 Duty, as ever Citizens exprefled towards your
' Majefty, or any of your Royal Progenitors in their

* greateft Glory.

4 The Petitioners therefore, upon their bended
' Knees, do moft humbly befeech your Majefty to

* return to your Parliament, accompanied with your
4 Royal, not your Martial, Attendance ; to the
4 End that Religion, Laws, and Liberties may be

* fettled and fecured ; and whatfoever is amifs in
4 Church and Commonwealth reformed by their
4 Advice, according to the Fundamental Conftitu-
4 tions of this Kingdom ; and that fuch a Peace
4 may thereby be obtained, as {hall be for the Glory
4 of God, the Honour and Happinefs of your Ma-
4 jefty and Pofterity, and the Safety and Welfare of
4 all your loyal Subjects ; who (the Petitioners
4 are fully affured, whatfoever is given out to

122 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. is. Car. I. c fa contrary) do unanimoufly defire the Peace here-
t^l^l^j « in exprelled.

January. -dad the Petitioners Jhall ever pray, &c.

M I C H £ L L.

Tbit being done, the King's Meffenger * being wiJJ}-
ed to read his Majejlys Anfwer to that Petition,
made fame Apology to be excufed ; partly willing to
intimate that bis CommiJJion was but to deliver the
Anfwer to the Lord Mayor, (which' feemed very
Jirange to Standers-by, who were ready to conclude,
that if his Maje/ly's Command had been of no larger
Extent, the Trouble of a Common Hall might well
have been fpared) and partly pleading the Inaudible-
nefs of his Voice in fuel) a vaft Aflembly ; but being
deemed the fittejl for that Service by the Honourable
Committee, the Lord Mayor and his Brethren, he then
read his Majejlys Anfwer, which here follows :

A» alfo the ' T TTI S Majefty hath gracioufly confidered this
King's Anfwer « \^\ Petition, and returns this Anfwer : That
' his Majefty doth not entertain any Mifapprehen-
' (ion of the Love and Loyalty of his City of Lon-
' don. As he hath always exprefled a fingular Re-
' gard and Efteem of the Affections of that City,

* and is ftill defirous to make it his chief Place of
' Rcfidence, and to continue and renew many
' Marks of his Favour towards it ; fo he believes

* much the better and greater Part of that his City
' is full of Love, Duty, and Loyalty to his Majefty ;
c and that the Tumults which heretofore forced his

* Majefty, for his Safety, to leave that Place, tho'
' they were contrived r.nd encouraged by fome prin-
' cipal Members thereof, (who are lince well known,
' though they are above the Reach of Jufticc) con-
' fifted more of defperate Perfons of the Suburbs,
' and the neighbouring Towns, who were mifled
' by the Cunning and Malice of their Seducers,
« than of the Inhabitants of that City. He looks

* on

» Capt. Heron, Son of Sir Edioard Heron, Hich Sheriff" of Litt-
coln/bire, who had been voted a Delinquent, for executing the King's
Coauniflion of Array in that County.

Of ENGLAND. 123

* on his good Subjects there as Perfons groaning An. 18. Car. I,

* under the fame Burden which doth opprefs his 164*-

* Majefty, and awed by the fame Perfons who be- ^~'-*
' gat thefe Tumults, and the fame Army which January«

* gave Battle to his Majefty : And therefore as no
4 good Subject can more defire, from his Soul, a

* Compofure of the general DiftracYions ; fo no
4 good Citizen can more defire the Eftabliftmient of
4 the particular Peace and Profperity of that Place
4 by his Majefty 's Accefs thither, than his Majefty
4 himfelfdoth.

* But his Majefty defires his good Subjects of
4 London ferioufly to confider what Confidence his
4 Majefty can have of Security there, whilft the
4 Laws of the Land are fo notorioufly defpifed and

* trampled under Foot ; and the wholefomeGovern-
4 ment of that City, heretofore fo famous over all the

* World, is now fubmitted to the arbitrary Power
' of a few defperate Perfons of no Reputation, but
4 for Malice and Difloyalty to him : Whilft Arms

* are taken up not only without, but againft, his

* Confent and exprefs Command ; and Collections
4 publickly made, and Contributions avowed, for the
' Maintenance of the Army which hath given hira

* Battle, and therein ufed all poflible Means Trea-

* fon and Malice could fuggeft to them, to have ta-

* ken his Life from him, and to have deftroyed his
4 Royal Iflue ; whilft fuch of his Majefty's Subjects,
c who, out of Duty and Affection to his Majefty,

* and Companion of their bleeding Country, have
4 laboured for Peace, are reviled, injured, and mur-
4 dered, even by the Magiftrates of that City, or by

* their Directions.

4 Lajlly, What Hope his Majefty can have of ,
£ Safety there, whilft Alderman Pennington^ their
4 pretended Lord Mayor, (the principal Author of
4 thofe Calamities which fo nearly threaten the Ruin
c of that famous City) Ven, Foulke, and Mainwa-
' ring, all Perfons notorioufly guilty of Schifm and
4 High Treafon, commit fuch Outrages in oppref-
4 fin a;, robbing, and imprifoning, according to their
4 Difcrction, all fuch his Majefty's loving Subjects

4 whom

124 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18 Car. I.4 whom they are pleafed to fufpect but for wifhing
****• « well to his Majefty : And his Majefty would
~*~ —' < know whether the Petitioners believe that the

* Reviling and Supprefling the Book of Common

* Prayer, (eftabliflied in this Church ever flnce the
« Reformation) the Difcountenancing and Imprifon-

< ing godly, karned, and painful Preachers; and
' the Cherifliing and Countenancing of Biownifts,

* Anabaptifts, and all Manner of Sectaries, be the
e Way to defend and maintain the true Reformed
« Proteftant Religion? That to comply with, and

* aifift Perfons who have actually attempted to kill
« his Majefty ; and to allow and favour Libels, Paf-
' quils, and feditious Sermons againft his Majefty, be

* to defend his Royal Perfon and Honour according
« to the Duty of their Allegiance ? Whether to im-
« prifon Men's Perfons, and to plunder their Houfes,

* becaufe they will not rebel againft his Majefty,
' nor affift thofe that do ? Whether to deftroy their
' Property, by taking away the Twentieth Part of
c their Eftates from them ; and, by the fame arbi-
« trary Power, to refer to four Standers-by of their
' own Faction, to judge what that Twentieth Part

* is, be to defend the lawful Rights and Liberties of
« the Subject .' And if they thfnk thefe Actions to

* be Inftances of either, whether they do not know
« the Perfons before-named to be guilty of them all ?
« Or whether they think it poflible that Almighty
« God can blefs that City, and preferve it from De-
« ftruction, whilft Perfons of fuch known Guilt and

< Wickednefs are defended and juftified amongft

< them, againft the Power of that Law by which
' they can only fubfift ?

* His Majefty is fo far from fuffering himfclf to
e be incenfed againft the whole City, by the Actions

* of thefe ill Men, though they have hitherto been

* fo prevalent as to make the Affections of the relt

< of little Ufe to him ; and is fo willing to be with

* them and to protect them, that the Ti ade, Wealth,

* and Glory thereof (fo decayed and eclipfed by

< thefe public Diftractions) may again be the Envy

' of

Of E N G L A N D. 125

c of all foreign Nations ; that he doth, once more, An. iS. Car, I,
' g;racioufly offer his Free and General Pardon to all j64*-
' the Inhabitants of that his City of London, the '- "~*~" — ' '•

* Suburbs, and City of Weftminjler, (except the Jaw

* Perfons formerly excepted by his Majefty) if they

* (hall yet return to their Duty, Loyalty, and Obe-

* dience. And if his good Subjects of that his City
' of London ftiall firft folemnly declare, That they

* will defend the known Laws of the Land, and
' will fubmit to, and be governed by, no other
' Rule : If they ftiall firft manifeft, by defending
' themfelves, and maintaining their own Rights,
' Liberties, and Interefts, and fuppreffing any Force
' and Violence unlawfully raifed againft thofe and

* his Majefty, their Power to defend and preferve

* him from all Tumults, Affronts, and Violence :

* Laftly, If they {hall apprehend, and commit to

* fafe Cuftody, the Perfons of thofe four Men who
' enrich themfelves by the Spoil and Oppreffion of

* his loving Subjects, and the Ruin of the City, that
' his Majefty may proceed againft them by the
' Courfe of Law, as guilty of High Treafon, hit
4 Majejly will fpeedily return to them with his Royal9
' and without his Martial, Attendance ; and will ufe

* his utmoft Endeavour that they may, hereafter,

* enjoy all the BleiTings of Peace and Plenty j and
' will no longer expect Obedience from them, than
' he fhall, with all the Faculties of his Soul, labour
' in the Preferving and Advancing the true Reformed
' Proteftant Religion, the Laws of the Land, the Li-

* berty and Property of the Subject, and the juft Pri-
' vileges of Parliament.

' If, notwithftanding all this, the Art and Inte-
' reft of thefe Men can prevail fo far, that they in-

* volve more Men in their Guilt, and draw that his
« City to facrifice its prefent Happinefs and future
' Hopes to their Pride, Fury, and Malice, his Ma-
' jefty fhall only give them this Warning, That
4 whcfoever ftiall, henceforward, take up Arms with-

* out his Confent j contribute any Money or Plate,
' upon what Pretence of Authority foever, for Main-

* tenance of the Army under the Command of the

'Ear!

726 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Ao. 18. Car. I.< Earl of Bflex, or any other Army in Rebellion
« againft him ; or {hall pay Tonnage and Pound-

the fame fta11 be fettled bx A(St of Par"

* liament ; every fuch Perfon muft expect the fe-
' vereft Punimment the Law can inflict; and, in
4 the mean time, his Majefty will feize upon any
' Part of his Eftate withiji his Power, for the Re-
' lief and Support of him and his Army, raifed and

* maintained for the Defence of his Perfon, the
' Laws, and this his Kingdom : And fince he de-
' nies to his Majefty the Duty and Benefit of his
<N Subjection, by giving Affiftance to 'Rebels, which,

* by the known Laws of the Land, is High Trea-

* fon, his Majefty fhall likewife deny him the Bene-

* fit of his Protection ; and {hall not only fignify to

* all his foreign Minifters, that fuch Perfon {hall re-

* ceive no Advantage by being his Subject, but (hall,

* by all other Ways and Means, proceed againft him

* as a public Enemy to his Majefty and this King-
4 dom.

* But his Majefty hopes and doubts not but his
c good Subjects of London will call to Mind the

* Acts of their Predeceflbrs, their Duty, Affection,

* Loyalty, and Merit towards their Princes ; the
' Renown they have had with all Pofterity from, and
6 theBIeflings of Heaven which always accompanied,

~* thofe Virtues ; and will confider the perpetual Scorn

* and Infamy, which unavoidably will follow them

* and their Children, if infinitely the meaner Part

* in Quality, and much the lefler Part in Number,

* {hall be able to alter the Government fo admi-

* rably eftabliftied, deftroy the Trade fo excellent-
c ly fettled, and to wafte the Wealth, fo induftri-

* oufly gotten, of that flourifhing City ; and then

* they will cafily gather up the Courage and Refolu-

* tion to join with his Majefty in Defence of their
c Religion, Laws, and Liberties, which hitherto

* hath and only can make themfelves, his Majefty,

* and his Kingdom, happy.

' For concurring with the Advice of his two
' Houfes of Parliament, which, with Reference to

* the Commonwealth, may be as well at this Di-

' ftancej

Of E N G L A N D. 127

« fiance as at Whitehall; his Majefty doubts not An. iS. Car. I.
« but his good Subjects of London well know how
« far (beyond the Example of his Predeceflbrs) his
' Majefty hath concurred with their Advice in paf-

* fmg of fuch Laws, by which he willingly hath
' parted with many of his known Rights, for the
« Benefit of his Subjects, which the Fundamental

* Conftitutions of this Kingdom did not oblige

* him to confenfto; and hath ufed all poffible Means
' to beget a right Underftanding between them ;

* and will therefore apply themfelves to thofe who,
« by making juft, peaceable, and honourable Propo-

* fitions to his Majefty, can only beget that Con-

* currence/

After the King's MeJJenger had read this once upon
the Hujlings, in the Audience of thofe Honourable
Per fans, he was, for the Help of the Lownefs of his
Poice, and the Advantage of the great Multitudes in
the Hall, willed to read the fame a fecond Time in
the Clock-houfe, in the Audience of the Body of that
AJfembly ; among whom, after he had finijhed his
Work, an inconfiderable Company near the Door
made feme Offers towards an Acclamation ; but
fnding no expecled Eccho to anfwer their Shout, they
wound up in a little Mode fly and a great deal of Si~
fence, upon which the Earl of Manchefter delivered
his Speech as followeth :

My Lord Mayor, and you Gentlemen of the City

of London,
c f I ^HIS AfTembly can never be looked upon byTheEarl<>f

J_ any Members of both Houfes of Parlia-s^ech^tcTthe
ment, but there muft be fome Offering of Gratitude Citizens on that
made to you; of Thanks and Acknowledgements Occafionj
for your former large-hearted Expreflions of Af-
fection and Care for the Prefervation both of the
Parliament and Kingdom: The Occafion why my
Lords and thefe Gentlemen of the Houfe of Com-
mons are come hither is this, They have read an An-
fwer to an humble Petition of the Lord Mayor and
Common Council and Citizens of London to his

Ma-

128 The Parliamentary HISTORY

• Majefty; in which they find many wounding A£-
_ periions caft upon Perfons of very eminent Autho-
' rity in your City, and upon others of very great F?-
delity and Truft among you : This Anfwer they
do find, as it is printed, to agree with that which the
Gentleman from his Majefty hath here read ; ami
they owning themfelves equally interested (in all
Things that concern you) with you, have com-
manded this Gentleman to make fome Obfervations
by way of Vindication, both of the Proceedings of
both Houfes of Parliament, and of the Proceedings
of the City j with this Aflurance, that they will ne-
ver delert you, but will ftand by you with their
Lives and Fortunes, for the Prefervation of the
City in general, and thofe Perfons in particular,
who have been faithful, and deferved well, both of
the Parliament and Kingdom ; and they will pur-
fue all Means, both with their Lives and Fottunes,
that may be for the Prefervation of this City, and
for the Procuring of Safety, Happinefs, and Peace
to the whole Kingdom.'

The Speech of this Noble Lord being entertained
with loud ExpreJJions of Joy and Thankfulnefs by the
Commons', and^ after fome Time Silence being made,
, Jltfr. Pymme, that worthy Member of the Houfe of
Commons and Patriot of his Country^ gave the Senje
of both Houfes upon the feveral Pajfages in his Ma-
jejiy's Anfwer^ in the following Speech :

My Lord Mayor^ and you Worthy Citizens of
this Nobie and Famous City of London,

And Mr. ' TAm commanded by the Lords and Commons
|^ to jet vou know, That, in this Anfwer which

6"211? bcen Publifhed to y°u» they do obferve many
Things of great Afperfinn upon the Proceedings of
Parliament, very fcandalous and injurious to many
particular Members of this City ; whereupon they
think that it becomes them, both in Tendernefs of
their own Honour, and Refpect to you, to take
away all thofe Afperfions ; and to let you know
the Truth of their Proceedings, which have been

full

Of E N G L A N D. 129

full of Honour and Juftice, as they ftand in rela-An. 18. Car, I,
tion to their own Duty ; and full of Humility and i642«
Obedience towards his Majefty, and of Care for the *"- ~v— — '
common Good, and fo fhall ever be : And they January«
have commanded me to let you know the true An-
fwer to moft of thofe Things that are imputed either
to the Parliament, or to the City, by obferving
fome Particulars of this Book which hath been read
to you ; and to let you know the Proceedings in
their own native Condition, clear from thofe Mif-
reprefentations which make them appear in a Qua-
lity much different from the Truth : Which before
I enter into, I am to declare, as the Senfe of both
Houfes, that your Petition was fo full of Loyalty,
Humility, and Obedience, that you might well
have expected an Anfwer of another Kind.

4 The firft Obfervation I am to make to you 13
this, that it is faid here, That his Majefty was en-
forced, by Tumulty to leave the Parliament, and to
go from Whitehall, and to withdraw himfelf into
thofe Courfes which now he hath taken.

' In Anfwer hereunto, I am commanded to tell
you, That there was no Occafion given by any Tu-
mults rifing out of this City, or the Suburbs, which
might juftly caufe his Majefty's Departure; and
you may very well remember, that after his vio-
lent coming to the Commons' Houfe of Parliament
in that unufual and unheard-of Manner (which was
the Beginning of thefe unhappy Differences) that
the very next Day his Majefty came into the City
without any Guard ; that he was prefent in the
Common Council, dined at the Sheriffs, and re-
turned back again, with manifold Evidences of Fi- •
delity on the Part of the City, and without any
fuch Expreffions as were unbefeeming the Majefty
of a King, or the Duty of Subjects ; that he refided
divers Days at IVhitehall, and afterward at Hamp-
ton-Court, Windfor, and Places adjoining, with
fmall Forces about him, and yet never any Attempt
made which might give him any Apprehenfions of
Fear; by all which it is manifeft, that this is an un-
juft Afperfion caft upon this City, that any tumul-

VOL. XII. I tuous

130 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. i.tuous Carriage of yours was the Occafion of hr>
* 42- Majefty's leaving the Parliament, and withdrawing
Jan himfelf to remoter Parts.

' It is affirmed, That the Government of your City
hath been managed by a few defperate Perfons, and
that they do exercife an arbitrary Power. In Anfwer
to which the two Houfes of Parliament give you this
Teftimony, That you have, in moft of the great
Occafions concerning the Government of the City,
followed their Direction j and that Direction, which
they have given, and you have executed, they muft
and will maintain to be fuch as ftands with their
Honour in giving it, and your Truft and Fidelity
in the Performance of it.

« It is objected in the third Place, That Contribu-
tions have been pnblickly made, for the Maintenance
of that Army which did join Battle with the King,
and did, by all the Means that Treafon and Malice could
fuggejl, endeavour to take away his Life, and dejhoy
, his IJfue. To this I am commanded fo fay, That

the Defign of bringing up the Englifo Armies, the
gathering together of the Cavaliers about jybite-
hall, the violent coming to the Houfe of Commons, ,
the King's going into the North and raifing Armies
there, are clear Evidences that Violence was firft in-
tended, and divers Practices were made againft the
Parliament, before they took any Courfe, or made*
any Preparation to take up Arms, for their Defence;
for the Danger of his Majefty's Perfon they were
forry for it, and did, by divers humble Petitions, la-
bour to prevent it ; and as touching the Royal Iflue,
they have fufficiently declared to the World their
good Affections towards them, by the Care they
have taken both for the Safety and Maintenance
of thofe who are left here.

' It is further exprefled in this Anfwer, That
the King demands the Lord Mayor, Mr, Alderman
Fowke, Col, Ven, and Col. A'lanwaring, to be de-
livered up as guilty of Schifm and High Treafon.
Concerning which I am commanded to tell you,
as the Senfe of both Houfes of Parliament, That
this Demand is againft the Privilege of Parliament,

Of ENGLAND. 131

two of them being Members of the Commons An, 18. Car, I,
Houfe; moft difhonourable to the City, that the
Lord Mayor of London fhould be fubjedled to the
Violence of every bafe Fellow, be aflaulted, feized
on, without due Procefs or Warrant, which the
Law doth afford every private Man; and that you
fhould be commanded to deliver up your Chief Ma-
giftrate, and fuch eminent Members of the City
to the King's Pleafure, only becaufe they have done
their Duty in adhering to the Parliament, for the
Defence of the Kingdom ; and that it is againft the
Rules of Juftice that any Men fhould be impri-
foned upon fuch a general Charge, when no Parti-
culars are proved againft them ; and this you are
to take Notice of, as the Anfwer to thofe Scandals,
and to that Difgrace upon my Lord Mayor, and
the other Members of the City.

* And I am further to tell you, That there is
little Caufe for his Majefty to make this Demand,
confidering that he himfelf doth, by Force, keep
away many accufed in Parliament ; as my Lord
Digby* and many more impeached of High Trea-
fon, befides divers other great Delinquents, that
ftand charged there for heinous Crimes j all which,
by Force, are kept from the due Proceedings and
legal Trial of Parliament.

4 It is alledged in this Anfwer, That my Lord
Mayor > and thofe other Perfons named, are Counit-
nancers of Brownijls and Anabaptijls^ and all Man-
ner of Sectaries. To this I am commanded to fay,
That hereof there is no Proof: It doth not appear
that they give any fuch Countenance to Sectaries of
any Kind whatfoever ; and if it did, his Majefty hath
little Reafonto object it, while, notwithftanding the
Profeflion he hath often made, That he will main-
tain the Protejlant Reformed Religion, he doth in the
mean Time raife an Army of Papifts ; who, by the
Principles of their Religion, are bound, if Power
be put into their Hands, to deftroy and utterly to
root out the Proteftants, together with the Truth
which they profefs.

I 2 It

132 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. It is affirmed, That Men's Per fans have been im-
1641. prifonedy and their Houfes plundered^ becaufe they will
*— --"v— — ' not rebill again/1 his majejly. To this I am corn-
January, ujj^ed to declare, That no Men's Houfes have been
plundered by any Direction of the Parliament, but
that they have been very careful to reftrain all fuch
violent Courfes, fo far as they were able ; and that
they have never committed any Man, but fuch as,
by due Information, they conceived to be feditious
Perfons, and like to trouble the Peace of the State.
4 It is objected further. That the Property of the
Subjeft is deftroyedy by taking away the twentieth Part
by an arbitrary Power. To this they fay, That in
that Ordinance it doth not require a twentieth Part,
but doth limit the Afleflbrs that they fhall not go
beyond a twentieth Part ; and that this is done by a
Power derived from both Houfes of Parliament ;
the Lords, who have an Hereditary Intereft in ma-
king Laws in this Kingdom ; and the Commons,
who are elected and chofen to reprefent the whole
Body of the Commonalty, and truftcd for the Good
of the People, whenever they fee Caufe to charge
the Kingdom. And they fay further, That the fame
Law, that did enable the two Houfes oT Parliament
to raife Forces to maintain and defend the Safety of
Religion, and of the Kingdom, doth likewife enable
them to require. Contributions, whereby thofe. Forces
may be maintained ; or elfe it were a vain Power
to raife Forces, if they had not a Power likewife to
maintain them in that Service for which they were
raifed.

* And to this Point I am commanded to add this
further Anfwer, That there was little Reafon for'
this to be objected on his Majefty's Behalf, when it
is well known that, from the Subjects which are
within the Power of his Army, his Majefty doth
take the full yearly Value of their Lands, and in
fome Cafes more ; that not only particular Houfes,
but whole Towns, have been plundered by Com-
mand and Defign ; and that, by Proclamations, Men
are declared to forfeit all their Eftates, becaufe they

will

Of E N G L A N D. 133

will not obey arbitrary Commands ; and this is com- An.
monly prac~tifed by his Majefty, and on his Part :
And therefore there was little Reafon to charge the
Parliament with fo neceflary and moderate a Con-
tribution as the twentieth Part.

* It is declared, That the King expeffs to be kept
from Tumults and ^fronts. Upon which I am com-
manded to obferve, That his Majefty' s Expreffions,
in his Anfwer, tend to the making of a Divifion in
this City, and to the raifmg of a Party which may
make fome Difturbance in that orderly Government
which is now eftablifhed ; both which will certainly
prove equally deftructive to him and both Houfes
of Parliament ; and more prejudicial to his quiet
Abode here, than any Thing that hath ever been
acted by the Houfes of Parliament, or the prefent
Governors of the City.

' They obferve further that, in this Anfwer, His
Majefly doth profefs that he will feize upon the Eftaies
of all that jhall contribute any Thing towards the
Maintenance of the Parliament's Army^ and -will put
them out of his Protection ; and, by his Minifters in
foreign States, will take fuch Courfe that they may bt
proceeded againjl as Enemies j that is, deftroyed and
Ipoiled. To which the Lords and Commons do
declare, That this is an Excefs of Rigour and In-
juftice beyond all Example, that particular Men
Ihould lofe their private Eftates here without Lav/
or judicial Proceeding ; and that our Prince, who
owes Protection to the Kingdom as well as to par-
ticular Perfons, fhould fuffer the Wealth thereof to
be robbed and fpoiled by foreign States : Upon due
Confideration whereof, they hope his Majefty will
be induced by better Counfel to forbear the Execu-
tion than that by which he hath been perfuaded to
publifh fuch a Refolution.

' Befides thefe Obfervatiors out of the Anfwer,
I am to obferve one out of a Narrative that was re-
ceived from the Common Council, that the King
did declare, That he would fend fome MeJJengers here
to obferve your Carriage in the City^ and what was.
done amtjngjt you* The Parliament have juft Caufe
13 to

134 %be Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. to doubt, that thefe will be Meflengers of Sedition
and Trouble ; and therefore defire you to obferve
them and find them out, and that they may know

^^ ^ ^^

4 I am, for a Conclufion, to commend to your
Confiderations, that you fee, by the Proceedings to
which the King is drawn by the ill Counfel now
about him, that Religion, the whole Kingdom, this

S'orious City, and the Parliament, are all in great
anger; that this Danger cannot be kept off, in all
Likelihood, but by the Army that is now on Foot ;
and that the Lords and Commons are fo far from
being frighted by any Thing that is in this Anwer,
that they have, for themfelves, and the Members
of both Houfes, declared a further Contribution to-
wards the Maintenance of this Army ; and cannot
but hope and defire, that you that have {hewed fa
jnuch good Affection, in the former Neceflities of
the State, will be fenfible of your own, and of the
Condition of the whole Kingdom j and add to that
which you have already done fome further Contribu-
tion, whereby this Army may be maintained for all
your Safeties.

At the End of every Period of this Speech, the Afr-
plaufe was fo great, that he was fain to reft till Si-
lencc was again made j and, at lajl, (the Company
ready to be diffolved) after fome Paufe and Conjulta-
lion with the Committee of Lords and Commons then
frefentt and by their Direftion, Silence being made^
he clofed all with the Words following :

* Worthy Citizens, you have underftood the Senfe
of both Houfes of Parliament, concerning my Lord
Mayor here, and thofe worthy Members of your
City, that are demanded ; you have heard the Par-
liament declare, That they will protect them in that
which they have done by Direction of both Houfes ;
and they expect that you fhould exprefs it yourfelves
likewife, that if any Violence be offered to them,
you will fecure and defend them with your uttermoft
Force ; and you fhall always find, that this Protec-

Of E N G L A N D. 135

tion of the Parliament fhall not only extend to thefe, An. 18. Car. I.
but to all others that have done any Thing by their l642>
Command.' ^j^,^

Which Words were no fooner uttered, but the Citi-
zens, with one joint Harmony of Minds and Voices^
gave fuch an declamation as would have drowned all
the former, if they had been then breathing ; whichy
after a long Continuance, refolved itfelf into this more
articulate and dijtincj Voice, We will live and die
with them, We will live and die with them, and
the like.

So that in the managing of this Day's Work, God
was fo pleafed to manifejl him/elf, that the Well-af-
fetted went away not Jlrengthened only, but rejoicing ;
and the Malignants (as they have been called) fame
convinced, others filenced, many ajhamed, it fully
appearing how little Power they had to anfwer their
De 'fires of doing Mi f chief : Whilji, injlead of divi-
ding the City, they were exceedingly united ; in/lead
efa Dijjipation, thoufands were unexpectedly br ought ^
as it were, into an unthought-of AJJociation, to live
and die in the Defence of thefe zealous and honourable
AJfertors of their Peace and Liberties : All which we
may fum up in that Triumph of the Man of GW, In
the Thing wherein they dealt proudly, God was
above them.

The ill Reception the King's Anfwer to the City
of London'?, Petition met with at the Common-Hall,
occafioned his Majefty to fend, a few Days after,
the following Letter and Declaration to the Sheriffs.

Trujiy and Well-beloved, we greet you well,

* \7[7"-k rece'vec^ a Petition lately from the Al-TheKing'»Let-
' V V dermen and Common Council of W»r^tJftljJ2£"

* City of London, by the Hands of Perfons entrufted Squiring diem'

* by them for the Delivery, who found fuch a Re- to publi/h his

* ception from us, as well manifefted our Regard to [°reergoijlg An"

* that Body which fent them : Though we well w*

* knew by whom that Petition was framed, and

' where

136 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. i.c where perufed and examined before it was appro-

1642. « ved by thole from whom it feemed to be fent, yet

h» •-'¥'"• *J i we were fo willing to enter into a Correfpondencc

January. t wjt^ t^at our City, and to receive any Addrefs

* and Application from them, according to that In-

* vita io:i we had given by our late Proclamation ;

* and were fo glad to find that there was yet fome
' Hopes they would look to the Peace and Happi-
4 nefs of that City, and at laft fever themfelves

* from any Faction or Dependence, which might

* infenfibly involve them in tbofe Calamities they

* did not forefee j that we returned fuch a gracious

* Anfwer thereunto, fo full of Candour and Affec-
' tion, that the meaneft Inhabitant of that our City,
4 if he carefully confider the fame, will find himfelf

* concerned in it, and that we have had an efpecial

* Care of his Particular.

' With this Anfwer of ours we fent a Servant of
' our own, in the Company of thofe who had been

* fo well ufed here, to require and fee that it might

* be communicated to the whole Body of that our

* City ; not doubting but that both it, and the Bring-
< er, fhould receive fuch Entertainment there, as

* might manifeft their due Regard of us, and of

* our Affection to them : But, to our great Won-

* der, we find that, after ten Days Attendance, and!

* fuffering a ridiculous Pamphlet to be publifhed in

* our Name, as if we retracted our former Refolu-

* tions, (which Pamphlet we have caufed to be

* burned by the Hand of the Hangman, as we alfo
' require you to fee done) inftead of that Admiflion

* we expected to our Meiienger and Meflage, Guards

* of armed Men have been brought to keep our

* good Subjects, to whom that our Anfwer was di->

* reeled, from being preient at the Reading there-
' of ; and Speeches have been made by Strangers,
' (who have been admitted to the City Councils,
' contrary to the Freedom and Cuftom of thofe
' Meetings) to blaft our faid Anfwer, and to difho-
' nour and (lander us ; which if our good Subjects
« there fhall fuffer, we fiiall be much difcouraged

' in

Of E N G L A N D 137

« in our defired Correfpondence with that our City, An- »?• Car« *•
' and fo, by the Cunning and Power of thofe Incen- ^ ,— /
' diaries, mentioned in our Anfwer, Alderman Pen-

* nington, (who to fhew his great Loyalty to us,

* and his Fitnefs to be Chief Magiftrate of fuch a
« City, being informed that a defperate Perfon there
c faid, That he hoped Jhortly to -wajh his Hands in our

* Blood, refufed to fend any Warrant, or to give
« any Direction to any Officer, for his Apprehen-
' fion) Ven-t Fowke^ and Mamuarlng^ who have

* plunged that our City into fuch unfpeakable Cala-

* mities, in which they would ftill keep it to cure

* their own defperate Condition, our good Subjects

* there are not fuffered to receive our gracious An-

* fwer to that Petition.

< We have therefore thought fit to write thefe

* our Letters to you, requiring you, the Sheriffs of
' our faid City, to take Care for the publifhing that

* our Anfwer (which we herewith fend you) to our

* good Subjects of that our City : And our Pleafure
' is, That you the Matters and Wardens of the
6 feveral Companies of our faid City forthwith fum-
' mon all the Members of your feveral Companies,
4 with all the Freemen and Apprentices (whofe
c Hopes and Interefts are fo much blafted in thefe
6 general Diffractions) belonging thereunto, to ap-
' pear at their feveral Halls j where you fhall caufe
' our faid Anfwer, together with thefe our Letters,

* to be publickly read ; that all our good Subjects
6 may clearly understand how far we have been from
4 begetting, how far we are from continuing or
6 nourifhing, thefe unnatural Civil Diflentions ; and
' how much it is in their own Power to remove the
' prefent Preffures, and to eftablifli the future Hap-
' pinefs and Glory of that famous City ; and may
' ferioufly weigh every Part of that our Anfwer,
f as well that which carries Caution in it for the
' future, as Pardon for what is paft : For aflure

* yourfelves, for the Time to come, we (hall pro-

* ceed with all Severity againft fuch who fhall in-

* cur the Penalty of the Law, in thofe Points, of

* which we have given them fo fair a Warning in

* our

138 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. I. c our faid Anfwer : And whofoever (hall not behave
« himfelf like a good Subject in this our Kingdom,
< flja|] notj jf we can heip jt> receive the Benefit
4 ^^ Advantage of being our Subject in any other ;
' but all foreign Princes fhall know, that as fuch Per-

* fon hath parted with his Loyalty to us, fo he mull
4 not hope for any Security by us ; and, to that Pur-

* pofe, we fhall henceforward have a very inquifitive

* Eye upon the Actions of all our Subjects, that

* fome Example may be made, how eafy it is for us

* to punifh their Difloyakies abroad, who, for a

* Time, may avoid our Juftice at home.

* And, to the End that none of our good Sub-
' je6ls of that our City may think themfelves bound
' to obey any of the Orders or Commands of the

* pretended Lord Mayor, whom we have and do
' flill accufe of High Treafon, and confpiring to take

* our Life from us, it is well known to thole Citi-

* zens, who underftand the Charter of that City, (fo

* amply granted by our Royal Progenitors, and fo
' gracioufly confirmed by us, and of which we pre-

* fume our good Subjects there do (till defire to re-

* ceive the Benefit) that the faid Ifaac Pennington

* was never regularly elected, or lawfully admitted,
' to the Office of Lord Mayor of that our City ; that
c in Truth Alderman Cordwett was, by the Plurality
' of Voices, chofen ; and that this Map was never

* prefented to, or admitted by us, in fuch Manner
' as is prefcribed by their Charter ; neither had that
' J^ge, wno piefumed to fwear him, any more

* Colour of Law or Authority to adminifter fuch

* an Oath to him, than he hath to do the fame To-
' morrow to any other Alderman of the City : And
' we do therefore hereby declare the faid Ifaac Pen-

* nington not to be Mayor of that our City of
' London^ and to have no lawful Authority to exer-
' cife the fame ; and that our good Subjects of that

* our City ought not to fubmit to any Orders, Di-
' regions, or Commands, which fhall ifiue from him

* as Lord Mayor of that our City j but that the fame

* are void, and of none ErTeft.

« Apd

Of E N G L A N D. 139

e And we do once more require you the Sheriffs An. 18. Car. I.
' of our faid City, and all other the Magiftrates of
4 the fame, in which all our good Subjects of that
4 City will aflift you, that you caufe the faid Ifaac

* Pennington, Ven, Fowke, and Man-waring, to be

* apprehended and committed to fafe Cuftody ; that
4 we may proceed againft them as guilty of High

* Treafon, and as the principal Authors of thofe Ca-
' lamities which are now fo heavy upon our poor
4 Subjects of that City ; which, if not fuddenly re-
4 medied, will in a fhort Time utterly confound a
4 Place and a People, lately of fo flourifhing an Efti-
4 mation in all the Parts of Chriftendom.

' And whereas we are informed that one Brown,

* a Woodmonger, Titchborne, a Linendraper, and
4 one Harvey, a Silkman, have exercifed great In-
4 folencies and Outrages in that our City ; and when

* many of our good Subjects there have affem-
4 bled together, in a peaceable and modeft Manner,
4 to confult about the Peace and Welfare of that City,

* the faid mutinous and feditious Perfons have pre^

* fumed to lead Multitudes of armed Men againft
4 them ; and, by fuch Force, have beaten, wounded,
4 and killed our good Subjeds : Our Will and Plea-
4 fure is, That if the faid Brown, Titcbborne, and
4 Harvey, or either of them, fhall fo far neglect our
4 gracious Offer of Pardon, as frill to engage them-

* felves in thofe unwarrantable and feditious Courfes,

* you, our Sheriffs of London, do raife Power to
4 fupprefs the faid Force j and that you, and all our
4 Minifters of Juftice, ufe your utmoft Means to

* apprehend the faid Perfons, and to bring them to
4 condign Punifhment : And we do hereby declare,
4 That it fhall be lawful for any of our loving Sub-
4 je£ts to refift and oppofe the faid Perfons, if they

* fhall hereafter, in fuch a warlike Mannner, en-

* deavour to moleft them, as they would do Rebels
4 and Traitors.

4 And we hope that all our good Subjects of that
4 our much -injured City of London do take Notice
c of our Grace and Favour towards them, in our

4 fo

140 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. ' fo freely paffing by and pardoning the Offences

1642. < there committed againft us, as we have offered by

CT~V-"""'' ' our Proclamation and our late Anfwer ; and of

« our very earned Defire to be with them, and to

c refide amongft them for their Comfort, Support,

' and Protection ; if they (hall, by firft providing

' for their own Security, in fuch Manner as we

* have directed them in our late Anfwer, give us an

* Inftance that we may be fafe there too ; and that
' they do likewife obferve, that, being by fuch Vio-

* lence kept from them, we have done our utmofl
' Endeavour to continue and advance the decayed

* Trading of that our City, by permitting and en-
' couraging all Refort and Traffick thither ; and
' therefore if, by the flopping of Carriages, and

* feizing Commodities by other Men, the Com-
' merce and Correfpondence be broken between
' that Place and our good Subjects of other Counties,
' they will impute that Mifchief to the true Authors
' of it, and look upon us only as not able to help
« them. «

' Do but your Duties, and this Cloud, which
''threatens a prefent Confufion, will quickly vanifh
' away ; and you- will enjoy all the Bleffings of a

* happy Nation, to the which no Endeavour of ours

* (hall be wanting.'

Givtn at our Court at Oxford, this i"]tb Day of
January, 1642.

'The

» This Paflage of the King's Letter feems to allude to a Declara-
tion of Parliament made the qth of this Month, whereby it was
ordained, • That no Ships whatfoever fliould, from thenceforth, make
any Voyage for the fetching ot CCM!S or Salt from Nevucaftlc, S*n-
derlar.d, or Blytbc j or carrying of Corn, or other Provillon of
Victual, untill the Town of Nnacaftle fhould be freed from the
Forces there raifed, or maintained, againft the Parliameut ; and that
Town be reduced into fuch Hands, and Condition, as ihould d*-'
clare themfelvc* for King and Parliament. And that if any Ship
fhould, at any Time after the firft of February then next coming,
bring into any Port or Place of this Kingdom, any Coals or Salt la-
den from Niwcajlle, Sundcrland, or Blytbc, or any of them, untill
further Order be taken by both Houfes of Parliament, that every
fuch Ship, and the Matter and Sailors in the fame, ftould be fci/cd
upon, and frayed in fuch Port and Place where they come in, untill
the two Houfes of Parliament, being thereof infoimcd, fhculd tske
further Order and Direction therein.'

Of E N G LAND. 141

The Sheriffs having acquainted both Houfes of An, 18. Car. I.
their Receipt of the foregoing Letter from the King, ^**-
the feveral Companies were forbid to afiemble at *"""" v—- *;
their Halls according to his Majefty's Order, and •'am
the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs were defired to take
fpecial Care to prevent the fame : And fome Ma- Which the Par-
fters of Companies, that were chief Promoters
oppofing this Order of Parliament, were taken into
Cuftody.

Thus much for the Proceedings of the Com-
mittees at the Guildhall in London^ and the Confe-

quences of that Meeting : It is now high Time

to return, and fee what other Bufinefs was doing
at Weftminfter.

On the 1 6th of this Month the Commons made
an Order, That no Carriers, Waggoners, Carts,
or Waggons, or Horfes laden with any Commo-vifions from §o-
dities whatfoever, fhould be permitted hereafter to ing to the King's
go to Oxford^ or any Part of the King's Army, Army> ®"fi
with any Manner of Provifions, without the fpe-
cial Licenfe of that Houfe : And in cafe of Dif-
obedience to fuch Order, their Perfons and Goods
fhould be feized upon, and kept in fafe Cuftody.
And that diligent Search be made for any Monies
that may be carried, or conveyed, by any Perfon to
Oxford : Alfo another Order, That if any Agent,
or Servant, to any Perfon bearing Arms againft the
Parliament, fhould prefume to come to Wejlmlnfler^
or refide about London^ they mould be forthwith
apprehended as Spies, and proceeded againft accord-
ingly.

About this Time the King having iflued out a
Proclamation for adjouring all the Courts of Juftice,
the next Term, from London and Wefiminfter to The K;ng 3d-
Oxford^ this was thought fo prejudicial to the Pub- joums the Ter
Jic, that the Parliament forbad the Officers be- t
longing to the faid fevera! Courts to obey this Pro-
clamation, or the King's Letters fent to the princi-
pal Perfons concerned in them. However, at the
fame Time, they thought fit to fend a Petition to

his

142 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. I. his Majefty, ofFering Reafons againft the faid Re-
moval, and praying that the King would revoke*
j^^T"^ his Orders therein : To this the Lords received an
Anfwer, which was read in their Houfe, on the i8th
of this Month, and was to this Effect : b

His Majefty's < T TIS Majefty hath ferioufly weighed the Rea-
Reafcns for fo t J--^ fonSj prefented unto him by both Houfes of

« Parliament, to induce his Majefty to revoke his

* late Proclamation for the adjourning of the Term,
' and returns this Anfwer :

' That the Lord- Keeper of the Great Seal of

* England being, in regard of his Majefty's mod
' important Affairs, neceffarily to attend his Maje-

* fty, his Majefty hath likewife appointed his High
6 Court of Chancery to be held in the Place where

* his Majefty refides ; that fo his Subjects may have

* their Caufes determined by the Supreme Judge of
« that Court : But is well content that the Mafters of

* the Chancery, that are Afiiftants to the Houfe of
' Peers, (hall, notwithftanding his faid Proclama-
' tion, continue their Attendance upon that Houfe

* where they are Afliftants.

4 For his Court of Wards, upon which fo eflcn-
c tial a Part of his Majefty's Revenue depends, it

* concerned him to draw the fame to him ; fmce,
' being at London, it will prove of no Advantage or
6 Supply to his Majefty's Occafions, by reafon of

* the Stops there of all Money from coming to him :
« And therefore he {hall expecl the Prefence of the
' Council of that Court here, the Time of the Term

* being fo fhort that they may fpeedily return again

* to the Service of the Houfes, who have not ufed

* to deny their Members Leave, for fo mort a Time,

* to attend his Majefty's Service, to which by Lavr
' they are bound ; befides that his Majefty doubts

* not but he may, for a convenient Time, upon

* prefling and urgent Occafions, efpecially for the

•Dif-

t> From tbe Lords Journal* : This Anfv.er cf the King is omitted
by Rujhwortb and HuJlanJt, though the following Ordinance, in Re-
ply to it, is inferred in both thofc Collections.

Of ENGLAND. 143

1 Difcharge of another neeeflary Duty, difpenfe with A

* a Peer's Attendance upon the Houfe, without any
« Breach of Privilege, feeing it hath not been denied

* in former Parliaments.

' For the Danger of his Majefty's Subjects in their
' Paflage, by reafon of the feveral Armies, his Ma-
' jefty doth not know that they are to pafs through
c more Armies to his City of Oxford^ than they

* muft to his City of London; or that the Courts of
' Juftice cannot proceed with the fame Freedom and
' Liberty where his Majefty's Army is, as where
' there is an Army againft him ; but his Majefty will
« take Care that his good Subjects (hall no way fuffer
5 by his Army here, which he can, by no Means,
' undertake for the other Army at London.

' For the Records of the feveral Courts, his Ma-
c jefty expects and requires Obedience from the Of-
' fleers thereof, according to his Proclamation ; as no
4 doubt his Subjects will take Care for the particular

* Evidences that concern themfelves ; and for the
' fafe Carriage and Conveyance of both, that they

* fuffer not, in the leaft Degree, by his Majefty's
' Army, his Majefty will furely provide ; neither
' can the Prejudice be great to his Subjects, the

* Courts of Equity being no further removed from
' the Courts of Law.

' The Reafon of his Majefty's Adjournment of
c the Courts of Law till Craftino Purijicationis, is

* for the great Danger his good Subjects muft un-

* dergo by pafiing through the Armies : And his
' Majefty much fears his good Subjects will have
' little Benefit by their legal Proceedings, whilft his
' Majefty and the Law are no better able to defend
' one another.

« For thefe Reafons, and thofe exprefled in his

* Proclamation, his Majefty can by no Means re-
' voke his faid Proclamation ; but it being his un-
1 doubted Right to adjourn or remove the Terms to
c what Place he pleafes, if he hath yet any undoubt-

* ed Right, his Majefty expects Obedience to his
' faid Proclamation and to every Part thereof.'

This

144- eflx Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. This Anfwer of the King's was ordered to be
communicated to the Commons : And, a few Days
Houfes patted the following Ordinance,
to juftify their Conduct in not fuffering the Adjourn-
ment of the Courts to Oxford.

An Ordinance of < rr] H E Lords and Commons having taken into
biddin^n ''obe- ' A their fer'°us Confideration a Proclamation,
dience to^the ' dated at Oxford the 27th of December laft, for
King's Proda- < the adjourning of the Court of Chancery, the
'cht Court of Wards and Liveries, the Duchy of
' Lancafter, the Court of Requefts, the Receipt of

* his Majefty 's Exchequer, and of the Firft Fruits

* and Tenths, from the City of Weftminjler unto

* the City of Oxford; and for adjourning the Courts

* of King's Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer,
' unto the Return Craftino Purifications, found it to

* tend much to the Prejudice of the Commonwealth
' to remove the faid Courts and Receipts to Oxford^

* where the Body of an Army, raifed againft the
' Parliament and the Authority thereof, now re-

* fides ; and therefore, in Performance of the Duty

* and Truft repofed in them by the Kingdom, whom

* they reprefent, did exhibit their humble Advice and

* Petition to his Majefty, with the Reafons indu-

* cing them thereunto, to revoke the faid Procla-
' mation ; and, with all Humility, defiied that the

* faid Courts and Receipts might be kept at their fe-

* veral ufual Places and Times, and not at Oxford :
c But his Majefty, giving ftill more Credit to the
' Suggeftions of thofe wicked and malignant Per-

* fons that yet encompafs him, than to his higheft

* and moft faithful Council, returned his negative

* Anfwer, and exprefly denied to repeal this Procla-
' mation :

' Now, the Lords and Commons clearly difcover-
' ing the great Inconveniences and Mifchiefs that

* neceflarily muft happen to his Majefty's moft

* faithful and beft-afTecled Subjects, in cafe thofe

* Courts and Receipts be removed to Oxford; where
' fuch of them as have Occafion to attend, cannot,

* with

Of E N G L A N D. 145

' with any Safety to their Perfons and Eftates, repair; An. 18. Car. r.
« his Majefty having, in effeft, declared all Perfons l6*4-
' that have contributed any thing in Aid or Defence '~i~u~ ~~*
' of the Parliament, and the Privileges thereof, to

* be guilty of High Treafon ; and, in purfuance
' thereof, by the Force and Power of the Army
' there remaining, have feized upon many of their
' Perfons, where they are detained Prifoners, and
' fome proceeded againft as Traitors ; having no-
' thing laid to their Charge but their affifting the

* Parliament, and oppofing that Army raifed to de-
' firoy it and the Kingdom : And finding that di-

* vers, both Judges and others, whofe Attendance
' upon the faid Courts and Receipts will be necef-

* fary, confift of Perfons that are Members and
' Afllftants to both Houfes of Parliament, whofe

* Prefence at this Time cannot be fpared j and that
' if the Records, neceflary to be ufed in the faid

* Courts, fhould be removed from the ufual Places

* towards Oxford, in a Time when two Armies are

* refiding near thereabouts, it would endanger the
' Mifcarriage of them ; which might ruin many
•* of his Majefty's Subjects, whofe Eftates depend
c thereupon : And that fo long a Diftance between,

* the faid Courts of Law and Equity, which have

* neceflary Dependence one upon another, would

* prove exceeding prejudicial to many, thought it

* their Duty, in Difcharge of the Truft repofed in.

* them by the Commonwealth, as much as in

* them liet-h, to preven t the faid Inconveniences :
' And therefore do hereby declare and order, That
' no Judge, Minifter, or other Perfon belonging to

* any of the faid Courts or Receipts, (hall repair to

* the faid City of Oxford; or do or execute any

* thing belonging to the faid Offices and Employ-
« ments, but in Places ufual for the doing and exe-

* cuting thereof: And that no Member of, or Af-
' fiftant to, any of the two Houfes of Parliament,

* that have any Place, Office, or Employment,

* about any of the faid Courts or Receipts, fhall
' prefume to depart from their Attendance on Par-

* liament, without the fpecial Leave of that Houfe

VOL. XII. K * where-

146 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.* whereof they are Members or Aluftants : And that

' no Perfon fhall remove, or caufe to be removed,

T~W c any Records or Writings of any of the faid Courts or

' ' Receipts to or towards the City of Oxford. And

4 the Lords and Commons do declare, That if any

* Perfon fhall difobey this Order, they will proceed

* againft them as wilful Contemners of the Autho-
' rity of Parliament, and Difturbers of the Peace of
' the Kingdom.

* And it is further declared and ordered by the faid

* Lords and Commons, That no Judgment, De-

* cree, Order, and Proceedings whatfoever, that

* fhall be given, made, or had, by or in any of the

* faid Courts or Receipts, out of the ufual Places

* where the faid Courts and Receipts have been ac-
' cuftomed to be held and kept, fhall bind any Per-

* fon that fhall or may be concerned therein, with-

* out his own voluntary Confent : And that the faid

* Lords and Commons will, by the Authority of

* both Houfes of Parliament, protect and keep in-

* demnified all Judges, Officers, and other Perlbns,

* from any Damage or Inconvenience that may or
' can happen to them for yielding Obedience to this,

* Ordinance.'

The Commons had been, all the latter End of
this Month, fully employed in fettling the feveral
Articles, by way of Propofitions, to be prefented to
the King, for a gener..! Pacification, which had been
fenf down to them from the Lords. Alter feveral
Conferences, Altercations, and Emendations made
by both Houfes, and ftveral Divifions on the prin-
cipal Heads by the latter, they were at laft finifhed
on the 2jth. And a Committee, confiding of four
Lords and eight Commoners, was appointed to go
to Oxford, for whom a Letter of Safe Conduct was
defired. The King immediately returned one, and,
on the firft Day of February* the following Propofi-
tions were prefented to his Majefty, at Oxford^ by
the Parliament's Commiffioners appointed for that
Purpofe. Their Titles and Names were, the Earls
of Northumberland^ Pembroke? Saru/n} and Holland ;

for

Of E N G L A N D. 147

for the Commons, the Lords IVenman and Dungar- An. 18. Car.
i)on^ Sir John Holland, Sir JVilliam Litton^ the Hon.
William Pierpoint, Buljirode Wbitlocke^ Edmund
Waller > and Richard Win-wood^ Efqrs.

The HUMBLE DESIRES and PROPOSITIONS of the
Lords and Csmmons in Parliament ajjembled^ ten-
dered unto his Majejly^ Feb. i, 1642.

' "\T 7"E your Majefty's moft humble and faith- The Parli
' VV ful Subjefts, the Lords and Commons inment's P
« Parliament aflembled, having in our Thoughts the p°nfjntf°dr tP0eatche;
e Glory of God, your Majefty's Honour, and the King at Oxford.

* Profperity of your People ; and being moft grie-
' voufly afflicted with the prefling Miferies and Ca-
' Jamities which have overwhelmed your two King-

* doms of England and Ireland^ fince your Majefty
' hath, by the Perfuafion of evil Counfellors, withr

* drawn yourfelf from the Parliament, raifed an

* Army againft it, and, by Force thereof, protected
4 Delinquents from the Juftice of it ; conftraining
' us to take Arms for the Defence of our Religion,
' Laws, Liberties, Privileges of Parliament, and for

* the Sitting of the Parliament in Safety ; which
' Fears and Dangers are continued and increafed by
' the raifing, drawing together, and arming of great
' Numbers of Papifts under the Command of the

* Earl of Newca/lle ; likewife by making the Lord

* Herbert of Ragland, and other known Papifts,

* Commanders of great Forces ; whereby many

* grievous Oppreffions, Rapines, and Cruelties have

* been, and are daily, exerciied upon the Perfons and
' Eftates of your People ; much innocent Blood hath
4 been fpilt, and the Papifts have attained Means of
' attempting, with Hopes of effecting, their mifchie-
' vous Defign of rooting out the Reformed Religion,

* and deftroying the Profefibrs thereof. In the ten-
' der Senfe and Companion of thefe Evils, under
' which your People and Kingdom lie, (according
4 to the Duty which we owe to God, your Maje-
' fty, and the Kingdom for which we are trufted)
f do moft earneftly defire that an End may be put

K 2 4 to

148 'The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.c to thefe great Diftempers and DiftracTions, for

164*. t tne preventing of that Defolation which doth

*^TTV~~J * threaten all your Majeftv's Dominions ; and as

e ruary, , we have rendered, and ftill are ready to render,

* to your Majefty, that Subjection, Obedience, and
' Service, which we owe unto you ; fo we moft

* humbly befeech your Majefty to remove the
' Caufes of this War, and to vouchfafe us that

* Peace and Protection which we and our Anceftors
' have formerly enjoyed under your Majefty and
' your Royal Predeceflbrs, and gracioufly to accept

* and grant thefe our moft humble Defires and Pro-
' pofitions :

I. * That your Majefty will be pleafed to difband
' your Armies, as we likewife (hall be ready to dif-
' band all thofe Forces which we have raifed ; and
' that you will be pleafed to return to your Parlia-
4 jnent.

II. c That you will leave Delinquents to a legal

* Trial, and Judgment of Parliament.

III. * That the Papifts may not only be difbanded,
' but difarmed according to Law.

IV. ' That your Majefty will be pleafed to give

* your Royal Aflent untd the Bill for taking away

* fuperftittous Innovations : To the Bill for the utter

* abolifhing and taking away of all Archbifhops,
4 Bifhops, their Chancellors and Commiflaries,
' Deans, Sub-Deans, Deans and Chapters, Archdea-
' cons, Canons, and Prebendaries, and all Chaun-

* ters, Chancellors, Treafurers, Sub-Treafurers,

* Succentors, and Sacrifts ; and all Vicars Choral,
' Choirifters, old Vicars and new Vicars of any Ca-
' thedral or Collegiate Church, and all other their

* Under- Officers out of the Church of England :
' To the Bill ngainft fcandalous Minifters : To the

* Bill againft Pluralities : And to the Bill for Con -
' fultation to be had with Godly, Religious, and

* Learned Divines. That your Majefty will be plca-
e fed to promifc to pafs fuch other good Bills for

* fettling of Church-Government, as, upon Con-
' fultation with the Aflembly of the faid Divines,

« fliall

Of E N G L A N D. 149

< {hall be refolved on by both Houfes of Parliament, An. 18. Car. f.

* and, by them, be prefented to your Majefty.

V. * That your Majefty having exprefled, in

* your Anfwer to the Nineteen Propofitions of both

* Houfes of Parliament, an hearty Affe&ion and

* Intention for the rooting out of Popery out of
« this Kingdom ; and that if both the Houfes of Par-

* liament can yet find a more effedtual Courfe to

* difable Jefuits, Priefts, and Popifh Recufants, from

* difturbing the State or eluding the Laws, that you
' would willingly give your Confent unto it j that
' you would be gracioufly pleafed, for the better

* Difcovery and fpeedier Convidtion of Recufants,
« that an Oath may be eftablifhed by A£t of Par-
' liament, to be adminiftered in fuch Manner as by
« both Houfes fhall be agreed on ; wherein they fhall
' abjure and renounce the Pope's Supremacy, the

* Doctrine of Tranfubftantiation, Purgatory, wor-

* fhipping of the confecrated Hoft, Crucifixes, and
' Images ; and the refufing the faid Oath, being
' tendered in fuch Manner as fhall be appointed by
« Adi: of Parliament, (hall be a fufficient Convic-

* tion, in Law, of Recufancy. And that your Ma-

* jefty will be gracioufly pleafed to give your Royal

* AfTent unto a Bill for the Education of the Chil-
« dren of Papifts, by Proteftants, in the Proteftant
« Religion. That for the more effectual Execution
' of the Laws againft Popifh Recufants, your Ma-

* jefty will be pleafed to confent to a Bill for the
' true levying of the Penalties againft them ; and

* that the fame Penalties may be levied and difpofed

* of in fuch Manner as both Houfes of Parliament
' (hall agree on, fo as your Majefty be at no Lofs.
' And likewife to a Bill, whereby the Practice of

* Papifts againft the State may be prevented, and

* the Laws againft them duly executed.

VI. « That the Earl of Brtftol may be removed
' from your Majefty's Cpunfels ; and that both he
4 and the Lord Herbert, eldeft Son to the Earl of

* Worcefttr^ may likewife be reftrained from coming
' within the Verge of the Court j and that they

K 3 « may

150 The Parliamentary HISTORY
An. 18. Car. I.' may not bear any Office, or have any Employ
« ments, concerning the State or Commonwealth.

VII. * That your Majefty will be gracioufly

* pleafed, by Acl of Parliament, to fettle the Mi-
' litia, both by Sea and Land, and alfo the Forts

* and Ports of the Kingdom, in fuch a Manner as
' fhall be agreed on by both Houfes.

VIII. « That your Majefty will be pleafed, by
' your Letters Patent, to make Sir John Bramfton

* Chief Juftice of your Court of King's Bench ;

* TPilliam Lentball^ Efq; the now Speaker of the
' Commons Houfe, Mafter of the Rolls ; and to

* continue the Lord Chief Juftice Bankes Chief Ju-

* ftice of the Court of Common Pleas ; and like wife
' to make Mr. Serjeant IVylde Chief Baron of your
' Court of Exchequer ; and that Mr. Juftice Bacon

* may be continued, and Mr. Serjeant Rolle and Mr.

* Serjeant Atkins made Juftices of the King's Bench;
« that Mr. Juftice Reeves and Mr. Juftice Fofler

* may be continued, and Mr. Serjeant Pbeafant

* made one of the Juftices of your Court of Com-
« mon Pleas ; that Mr. Serjeant Crefwell^ Mr. Sa-
' muel Brown, and Mr. John Pule/ton may be Ba-
' rons of the Exchequer ; and that all thefe, and all
' the Judges of the fame Courts for the Time to

* come, may hold their Places, by Letters Patent
' under the Great Seal, quamdiu fe bent gejjerint\

* and that the feveral Perfons, not before named,

* that do hold any of thefe Places before mentioned,
' may be removed^

IX. ' That all fuch Perfons as have been put out
c of the Commifllon of Peace, or Oyer and Termi-
' ner, or from being Cujlodes Rotitlorum^ fince the
' firft Day of April > 1642, other than fuch as were
' put out by Defire of both or either of the Houfes

* of Parliament, may again be put into thofe Com-
' miffions and Offices ; and that fuch Perfons may
' be put out of thofe Commiffions and Offices as
c fhall be excepted againft by both Houfes of Parlia-

* ment.

X. ' That your Majefty will be pleafed to pafs

* the Bill now prefenteil to your Majefty , to vindi-

* catc

Of E N G L A N D. 151

€ cate and fecure the Privileges of Parliament from An* 18. Car«

* the ill Confequence of the late Precedent, in the 164*-

' Charge and Proceeding againft the Lord Kimbol- Fe^u7ry7

* /<?», now Earl of Manche/ier, and the five Mem-
' bers of the Houfe of Commons.

XI. * That your Majefty's Royal Affent may be

* given unto fuch Acts, as {hall be advifed by both
' Houfcs of Parliament for the fatisfying and paying
6 the Debts and Damages, wherein the two Houfes

* of Parliament have engaged the Public Faith of
' the Kingdom.

XII. « That your Majefty will be pleafed, ac-
' cording to a gracious Anfwer heretofore received
' from you, to enter into a more ftricl Alliance with
c the States of the United Provinces, and other
' Neighbour Princes and States of the Proteftant
' Religion, for the Defence and Maintenance there-
c of againft all Defigns and Attempts of the Popifh
' and Jefuitical Faction to fubvert and fupprefs it ;
' whereby your Subjects may hope to be free from
' the Mifchiefs which this Kingdom hath endured,
' through the Power which fome of that Party have

* had in your Councils, and will be much encou-

* raged, in a Parliamentary Way, for your Aid and
f Afliftance, in reftoring your Royal Sifter and the

* Prince Elector to thofe Dignities and Dominions
« which belong unto them, and the relieving the
' other Proteftant Princes who have fuffered in the

* fame Caufe.

XIII. * That, in the General Pardon which your
' Majefty hath been pleafed to offer to your Sub-
' jects, all Offences and Mifdemeanors committed

* before the loth of January, 1641, which have

* been, or fhall be, queftioned or proceeded againft
1 in Parliament, upon Complaint in the Houfe of
' Commons, before the loth of "January^ 16431
e fhall be excepted ; which Offences and Mifde-
' meanors fhall, neverthelefs, be taken and adjudged
' to be fully difcharged againft all other inferior

* Courts. That likewife there fhall be an Excep-
' tion of all Offences committed by any Perfon, or

* Perfons, which hath, or have, had any Hand or

< Prac-

152 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. I.* tice in the Rebellion of Ireland ; which hath, or

1642. t have, given any Connie), Afliftance, or Encou-

*— IT* — — ^ ' ragement to the Rebels there, for the Maintenance

ruary* « of that Rebellion ; as likewife the Exception of Wil-

' Ham Earl of Newca/fle^ and George Lord Digby.

XIV. ' That your Majefty will be pleafed to re-
c ftore fuch Members of either Houfe of Parliament

* to their feveral Places of Services and Employ-

* ment, out of which they have been put fmce the

* Beginning of this Parliament; that they may re-
' ceive Satisfaction and Reparation for thofe Places,

* and for the Profits which they have loft by fuch Re-
' movals, upon the Petition of both Houfes of Par-

* liament ; and that all others may be reftored to

* their Offices and Employments, who have been

* put out of the fame upon any Difpleafure concei-
' ved againft them for any Afliftance given to both

* Houfes of Parliament, or obeying their Commands ;
' or forbearing to leave their Attendance upon the
« Parliament without Licence ; or for any other Oc-
' cafion arifing from thefe unhappy Differences be-

* twixt your Majefty and both Houfes of Parliament,

* upon the like Petition of both Houfes.

* Thefe Things being granted and performed, as

* it hath always been our hearty Prayer, fo fhall
< we be enabled to make it our hopeful Enuea-
' vour, that your Majefty and your People may
4 enjoy the Bleflings of Peace, Truth, and Juftice ;

* the Royalty and Greatnefs of your Throne may

* be fupported by the loyal and bountiful Affec-
' tions of your People ; their Liberties and Pri-

* vileges maintained by your Majefty's Protection
' and Juftice ; and this public Honour and Hap-

* pinefs of your Majefty and all your Dominions,

* communicated to other Churches and States of

* your Alliance ; and be derived to your Royal Po-
' fterity and the future Generations in this Kingdom
' for ever/

Mr. Wbitltckit Mr. Wbitlocke, one of the Commiflioners above-
mentioned, gives us the following Particulars rela-
ting to this remarkable Embafly : « They had

4 their

Of E N G L A N D. 153

ibeir firft Accefs to the King in the Garden of An. 18. Car.?.
Chrijl '-Church, where he was walking with the
Prince, and divers other Lords attending him : All
of them kifled his Hand, not as they were ranked
in the Safe Conduct, but according to their feveral
Degrees. Mr. Pierpoint before the Knights, he
being an Earl's Son a ; and Mr. Win-wood before
Mr. Whitlocke, he being the eldeft Knight's Son;
and Mr. Waller the laft: The King faid to him,
Though you are the laft, yet you are not the worfty
nor the leaft in my Favour : The Difcovery of a
Plot then in Hand in London, to betray the Parlia-
ment, wherein Mr. Waller was engaged with Cha-
loner, Tomkins, and others, which was then in
Agitation, did manifeft the King's Courtfhip to
Mr. Waller to be for that Service.

' After they had all kifled the King's Hand, the
Prince gave them his Hand to kifs.

' The Earl of Northumberland read the Propofi-
tions to the King, with a fober and ftout Carriage ;
and being interrupted by the King, he faid fmartly,
Your Majejly will give me Leave to proceed ? The
Kinganfwered, Ay> ay j and fo the Earl read them,
all through.'

To go on with this Affair, fince nothing elfe
material intervened, except a Letter from the Lord
Fairfax, out of the North, which 'we poftpone for
the prefent : — — The Journals inform us, That
the Lords Commiffioners, at their Return to the
Houfe, February 6, made the following Report of
this whole Proceeding ; that when they prefented
the Propofitions to the King, he made them this
ihort Anfwer :

My Lords,

Was always for Peace, and am more concern- The Itlng's A«-
_ ed in it than any, being the Father of the Coun-fw?rtotheCom~
4 try next under God. I cannot chufe but fpeak,mif
' though I thought to have faid nothing. I con-

'fefs

a This Gentleman's Father, the Earl of Kingfton, and his elder v
Ircther, tlw Lord tfnaark, were at this Time in the King's Armr,

154 ffie Parliamentary His TORT

,' fefs I am furprized, though I have feen fomewhaf
1 of this, yet I believed them not to be fuch as thefe

* are. They that principally contrived and penned
' them, had no Thoughts of Peace in their Hearts,

* but to make Things worfe and worfe ; yet I fhall
' do my Part, and take as much Honey out of the
' Gall as I can. I will think of them, and take

* Time to give you my Anfwer/

' That, two Days after, the King fent for them
again, and told them, That he had confidered of the
Propofitions, prefented unto him from both Houfcs
of Parliament, and had returned this Anfwer, which
he commanded the Earl of Holland to read :

And to Parlia-' TfF his Majefty had not given up all the Faculties
meat. * _|_ of his Soul to an earneft Endeavour of a Peace

* and Reconciliation with his People, or if he would
' fuffer himfelf, by any Provocation, to be drawn
' to a Sharpnefs of Language, at a Time when there

* feems fomewhat like an Overture of Accommo-
' dation, he could not but refent the heavy Charges
' upon him in the Preamble of thefe Propofitions ;

* and would not fuffer himfelf to be reproached with
« protecting of Delinquents, by Force, from Juftice ;
*- (his Majefty 's Defire having always been, that all

* Men fliould be tried by the known Law, and he

* having been refufed it) with raifmg an Army againft
< his Parliament ; and to be told that Arms have

* been taken up againft him, for the Defence of Re-
' ligion, Laws, Liberties, Privileges of Parliament,
« and for the Sitting of the Parliament in Safety ;

* with many other Particulars in that Preamble,

* fo often and fo fully anfwered by his Majefty,
« without remembering the World of the Time
' and Circumftances of raifmg thofe Arms againft
' him, when his Majefty was fo far from being in
' a Condition to invade other Men's Rights, that
' he was not able to maintain and defend his own

* from Violence ; and without telling his good

* Subjects that their Religion, (the true Proteftant

* Religion, in which his Majefty was born, hath

• faith-

Of E N G L A N D. 155

« faithfully lived, and to which he will die a willing An. 18. Car. I.
' Sacrifice) their Laws, Liberties, Privileges, and i*4*-
4 Safety of Parliament, were fo amply fettled and '~FTT~ -1*
« eftablifhed, or offered to be fo, by his Majefty, be-
' fore any Army was raifed againft him, and long
« before any raifed by him for his Defence j that if
< nothing had been defired but that Peace and Pro-
' tecTion which his Subjects and their Anceftors had,

* in the beft Times, enjoyed under his Majefty, or his
' Royal Predeceflors, this Mifunderftanding and Di-
' ftance between his Majefty and his People, and this

* general Mifery and Diftra&ion upon the Face of
' the whole Kingdom, had not been now the Dif-
' courfe of Chriftendom : But his Majefty will for-
' bear any Expreflions of Bitternefs, or of a Senfe of
' his own Sufferings ; that, if it be poffible, the Me-

* mory thereof may be loft to the World ; and there-
' fore, though many of the Proportions, prefentedto
' his Majefty by both Houfes, appear to him very
' derogatory from, and deftruciive to, his juft Power

* and Prerogative, and no way beneficial to his Sub-
' je£ts (few of them being already due to them by
' the Laws eftablifhed, and how Unparliamentary it
' is by Arms to require new Laws, all the World
' may judge) ; yet, becaufe thefe may be waved or
< mollified, and many Things that are now dark and

* doubtful in them cleared and explained upon De-

* bate, his Majefty is pleafed (fuch is his Senfe of

* the Miferies this Kingdom fufters by this unnatu-

* ral War, and his earneft Defire to remove them

* by an happy Peace) that a fpeedy Time and Place

* be agreed upon for the Meeting of fuch Perfons as
' his Majefty and both Houfes mall appoint, to dif-

* cufs thefe Propofitions, and fuch others here fol-
' lowing, as his Majefty doth propofe to them :

I. ' That his Majefty's own Revenue, Magazine,
« Towns, Forts, and Ships, which have been ta-
' ken or kept from him by Force, be forthwith re-
' ftored unto him.

II. * That whatfoever hath been done or publifii-
' ed contrary to the known Laws of the Land, or

* derogatory to his Majefty's legal and known Power

« and

156 Me Parliamentary HISTORY

Aa. 18. Car. I ' and Rights, be renounced and recalled ; that no
t *^ ' Seed may remain for the like to fpring out of for
FT"*~ ~' ' the future.

III. ' That whatsoever illegal Power hath been

* claimed and exercifed by or over his Subjects, as

* imprifoning their Perfons without Law, flopping
' their Habeas Corpus^ and impofmg upon their
« Eftates without A& of Parliament, fc? r, either by
' both or either Houfe, or any Committee of both

* or either, or by any Perfons appointed by any of
' them, be difclaimed ; and all fuch Perfons fo com-
' mitted, forthwith difcharged.

IV. ' That as his Majefty will readily confent,

* having done fo heretofore, to the Execution of all
' Laws already made, and to any good Acts to be

* made, for the fuppreffing of Popery, and for
' the firm fettling of the Proteftant Religion now

* eftablifhed by Law ; fo he defires that a good Bill
' may be framed for the better preferving the Book

* of Common Prayer from the Scorn and Violence
c of Brownifts, Anabaptifts, and other Sectaries,
' with fuch Claufes for the Eafe of tender Con-

* fciences as his Majefty hath formerly offered.

V. ' That all fuch Perfons as, upon the Treaty,

* {hall be excepted out of the General Pardon, fhall

* be tried per Pares^ according to the ufual Cowrie

* and known Laws of the Land ; and that it be left
' to that, either to acquit or condemn them.

VI. * And to the Intent this Treaty may not fuf-

* fer Interruption by any intervening Accidents, that
' a Cefiation of Arms, and free Trade, for all his
' Majefty's Subjects may be firft agreed upon.

4 This Offer and Defire of his Majefty he hopes

' will be chearfully entertained, that a fpeedy and

x « blefled Peace may be accomplifhed. If it fhall

' be rejected, or, by inftftins; upon unreafonable Cir-

* cumftances, be made impoflible, (which he hopes
c God in his Mercy to this Nation will not furTer)

* the Guilt of the 'Blood which will be fhed, and

* the Defolation which muft follow, will lie upon

* the Heads of the Refufers. However his Majefty
« is refolved, thro' what Accidents foever he (hall

« be

Of E N G L A N D. 157

'be compelled to recover his Rights, and with An. 1 8. Car. T.
' what profperous Succefs foever it fhall pleafe God l64*«
' to blefs him, that by his earneft conftant Endea- ^ *~ ~~*

* vours to propagate and promote the true Proteftant
' Religion, and by his governing according to the

* known Law of the Land, and upholding the juft
' Privileges of Parliament, according to his frequent

* Proteftations made before Almighty God, which
4 he will always inviolably obferve, the World (hall
' fee that he hath undergone all thefe Difficulties

* and Hazards for the Defence and Maintenance of

* thofe ; the zealous Prefervation of which his Ma-

* jefty well knows is the only Foundation and Means

* for the true Happinefs of him and his People.'

Upon the Reading of this Anfwer, the Lords re-
folved to communicate it to the Houfe of Commons,
as a Matter of great and ferious Consideration, and
to defire them to take it into their utmoft Car,e and
. Thought.

But before we proceed any farther in the Tranf-
aclions of February, it is necefTary to take Notice of
a Letter from the Lord Fairfax, in the North ;
which was delivered to the Lords, by the Commons,
at a Conference, and read in that Houfe on the firft
of this Month. The Letter was addrefied to the
Speaker :

S I R,

TT is mojl necejjary that I continue my Relation toLorA Fairfax**
-*• you of the State and Condition of the Affairs in Letter «"»cere-
tbis Country, that they may be made known to fctfjj^/"* °f
Houfes ; and Provision made for Succours to be fent
us, which have hitherto come very Jlowly, though they
have made large Exprejfions of their Care. We have
been long dejlitute of Money to pay the Army j anaft
to fupply that Want, I have ufed all pojjible Indujlry,
ly taking up Money upon Exchange, and by calling
upon the Country to fupply me for the prefent upon
the Public Faith.

The Want of Money doth fo perplex the Part of
the Army beret as I imagine the Houfe will not ex-

" feel

158 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 1 8. Car. l.pgft any confiderable Matter to be done by us ; t 'hough ,
^J l* God be thanked^ the Forces 1 fend from hence, and
are raifed by the Country in other Places, are daily
aEiing fomething to advance the Public Service. As
in the North- Riding, where Sir Hugh Cholmley
hath carried himfelfvery bravely , giving feveral De-
feats to the Enemy near Malton ; and on Monday the
Jixteenth of this Month, joining his Forces to Sir Mat-
thew Boynton, they fell upon Col. Slingfby at Gif-
brough, where they defeated him and 600 Horfe and
Foot with him, that had done much Spoil in the North-
Riding ; they wounded and took Col. Slingfby him-
felf, with 140 other Prif oners ; killed a great many,
and recovered 200 Arms with the Place. Amongft
the Prifoners taken by Sir Hugh Cholmley at Mal-
ton, and here at Gifbrough, it is found that a
great Number are Papifls ; and indeed the Strength
of the Enemies will be found to confift much of Papijls,
and popijhly affeEled, the Earl of Newcaftle granting
his Commtjfions, for raifmg Men, to Papifls for the
mojl Part. I have heard, of late, of Commiffions
granted to tivelve Recufants of thefe Parts, whofe
Names I fend inclofed ; and it is not to be doubted he
walks the fame Ways in other Places, as well as here ;
which Ccurfes have fo advanced Popery, as I hear,
that in York, where many Recufants are fettled^ Mafs
is ordinarily faid in every Street ; and fuch Affronts
offered to the Protejlants and the Minijlry, as few

dare refer t to Church. In other Parts of the Coun-

for many Mile
the religious Minijlry are all either fled, or imprijoned ;

try^ I am informed that, for many Miles together,

which Perfections, if they be not timely reprejjed, will
extirpate, or much deprefs, the Protrjiant Religion in
thefe Parts.

About Bradford and Halifax, God hath Uejfed my
Son and thofe fmall Forces with good Succffs again ft
the Enemy, in feveral light Skirmijhes : On Monday
was Se'nnight he feized on the Lord Savilie'j Houje
at Howley, and put about IQO Mnfqueteers into it ;
on Tuefday / fent Sir William Fairfax and his Of-
ficers, with feme Arn.s, to raife his Regiment in thofg
'Parts } and, for bis Convoy, I fent what Horfe and

Dra-

Of E N G L A N D. 159

Dragooners I could fpare from hence p, directing them An. 18. Car. I,
to Jiay with my Son to offijl him in his Dejign agaitift 1642.

Leecls-

Yefternight I received Litters from him, wherein
be relates to me. That on Monday laft he drew bis
Forces out of Bradford, and marched to Leeds, where
Sir William Saville commanded in Chief \ my Son firjl
fummoned them by a Trumpet to yield, which being re~
fufed, the AJJault began, wherein his Men carried
themfclves with great Refolution j for the Town was
fortified on all Sides, furnijhed with two Brafs Sakers,
and manned with 1 500 Soldier s, yet they forced an
Entry in two Hours Fight. There were not lojl on both
Sides above forty Men, tut he took four Colours, and
500 Prif oners, of which fix are Commanders ; and,
with the Prifoners, they took many Arms, the Sakers9
and all the Munition they had, which was not much.
On our Part we loft thirteen Men, and Capt. Briggs,
and Capt. Lee, both fore wounded ; and I perceive
that, in this Exploit, Sir William Fairfax, Sir Tho-
mas Norcliffe, and Serjeant-Major Forbes, with the
rejl of the Commanders, carried themfelves very gal-
lantly. The People do obferve that Sir William Sa-
ville, and the Chief Commanders on the other Side,
foon a/ter the Fight began, fled by fecret Ways towards
Pontefradt, and their Men after them by Degrees; but,
by the Way, Serjeant- Major Beaumont was drowned
crojjing the River, and Sir William Saville very nar-
roiuly efcaped the like Fate.

After Leeds was thus won, my Son writes that he
intended to have marched to Wakefield, where Sir
George Wentworth commanded^ but was prevented,
therein by the Enemies Fears ; who, hearing he had
taken Leeds, fied all away from Wakefield to Pon-
tefract, and left the Town ; Jo he hath fent feme Forces
to invejf and keep that Place. Thus hath God blejfed
their Endeavours on that Side ; and now 1 am told
that Capt. Hotham and Sir John Saville are gone up
Yefterday with fame Forces into thofe Partst but upon
what De/ign I know not.

Yefterday Morning I had fame Intelligence that the
mojl Part of the Forces were marched^ the Day be-

160 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. 1. fare, out of Doncafter ; fa I have fent my Serjeant-

^4-2' Major -General with fix Companies of Foot to inveft

Fcbr'uaryT^ ^at ^^ace-> an^ to leave fome ^^cts to keep it untill

more Strength come to us out of the Southern Counties ;

which, if it could be bajiened hither, might very much

advance the Caufe, and crujh the Popijh Forces before

they be fupplied by the Queen's Coming, or their Party

in Scotland, of which there is fome Expectation.

I defire you will make known to the Houfe the great
Extremities that are put upon me ; and that a certain
Courfe may be fettled for fupplying us with Money
for the Entertainment of the Army, in fuch Seafon as
our Men may be encouraged in the Service, and not
fall into a Way of plundering for Want of Pay. My
Son upon the taking of Leeds, though he entered it by
Force, yet he rejl rained his Army from Pillaging ; fa
I have ordered that the Malignants, in lieu of the
Spoil challenged to be due unto the Soldiers, Jhall give
them a Month's Entertainment, which 1 hope will
content both Parties.

Yejlernigbt Intelligence was brought to me, that the
Earl of Newcaftle hath drawn down all his Forces
from the 'South Parts of Yorkfliire, thofe only excepted
that kept the Cajlle at PontefracT: j for Yefterday he
marched from Sherburne to York, with thirty-fix Co-
lours, two Pieces of Cannon, and forty -five other Car-
riages ; the certain Caufe I do not yet know, but fup~
pofe it is to meet the Arms and Munition coming from
Newcaftle ; or to prepare for the Queen's Entertain-
ment at York, which is much fpoken of. I Jhall carry
a vigilant Eye upon his Defigns, and endeavour to
prevent them, fo far as can be expefled, from the
Forces under the Command of,
Sir,

«elby, Jan. 26, Your moft affectionate
1642.

Friend and Servant,

FER. FAIRFAX.

P. S. I have fent unto Mr. White, to be flawed
unto you, three Papers found with Ccl. Slingfby,
when he was taken at Giibrough by Sir Hugh

X-M 1

Lholm-

Of ENGLAND. 161

Cholmley ; which may, per adventure^ be thought An- j8- Car> *•
necejjary to be made known to the Houfe, if Sir Hugh '"'

have not already prefented the Tranfcript to you. ^FebruaryT

The Names of the Recufants in thefe Parts, to whom
the Earl of Newcaftle hath granted Commijfions to
raife Forces, are Mr. Robert Trapps, Mr. Stephen-
fon of Thornton, Sir John Middleton, Sir Walter
Vavafour, Mr. Ann, Mr. Tindale, Mr. Bretton,
Sir Philip Hungate, Mr. Waterton, Mr. Thwinge,
Capt. Sare, and Capt. Granger.

After the Reading of this Letter, the following
Ordinance is entered in the Lords Journals :

4 "ITTHereas many and fervent Prayers have An Ordinance of

* VV been <~ent UP to God» for his Bleffing toJjSST
' be poured down upon the Endeavours of the thereof"!^

c Parliament in Maintenance of his own Caufe and
4 Religion, now openly aflaulted by Papifts j and
' becaufe it is moft juft and neceflary to obferve the
1 Return of thefe Prayers, that our Mouths and
c Hearts may be as much enlarged in Praifes as they
' have been in Prayers, the Lords and Commons

* have thought fit to publifh fome late good Suc-

* cefles, as fo many Anfwers from Heaven, which

* God hath given to the Prayers of his Servants.

' And whereas fundry late Declarations have
' {hewed to the World divers Informations and
' Proofs concerning the railing of a Popifh Army,

* with an Intention to fubvert God's true Religion

* profefled, and by Law eftabliflied, in this King-

* dom, and to introduce Popilh Idolatry and Superfti-

* tion j that it may appear what was, before, anlnten-
« tion is now Matter of Fa£t, and really put in Execu-
' tion, a moft certain and true Relation is here offered
« to public Notice and Obfervation j wherein it may

* be feen that this Popifh Army hath fet up the open
' Practice of their abominable Idolatry in York> the

< fecond City in the Kingdom ; and are grown to

< that Height of Infolency, that they terrify and
' drive away theProteftant Miniftets and People from,

VOL. XII. X, « frc-

1 6 2 7%? Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car, !•< frequenting their own Churches, and from the~

-6_ — ' i ' Practice of their own Religion j wherein they

February. ' nave g'ven a Pattern and Pledge what they intend

4 to do, and what muft be expe&ed from them,

' through the whole Kingdom. The Confidera-

* tion hereof (whereby the moft precious Things in
' the World, God's Glory and true Worfhip, and
« the Salvation of the Souls of Men, are brought in-
' to Danger) ought to excite and ftir op, and we
' are confident it will, the ftrongeft Endeavours and

* moft united Conjunctions, of all religious and
« well-affecled Proteftants and Patriots, to refift and
' fupprefs thofe common Enemies of God, in Pity
' to their Country and the Commonwealth ; for
' now it plainly appears that» however they pretend
' to defend the Religion and the Laws, yet their main-
' Intention is to eftablifh Popery in this Kingdom,

* and to extirpate the Proteftant Religion ; which

* cannot be done without Subverfion of the Laws,

* as the Papifts have, almoft, effected in Ireland.'

A Committee of February 3. The Commons, after pa fling fome
Seq«efeati«naP. yQ^ for fequeftring the Eftates, Real and Perfonal,
of fome particular Perfons, appointed a Committee
to confider of the fequeftring and feizing the Eftates,
Real and Perfonal, of all fuch Perfons as have been,
are, or (hall be, in actual War or Arms againft the
Parliament: And to- have Power to appoint Seque-
ftrators, to make Allowances to fuch as fhould be
employed in this Service ; and to ufe all other Means
thought effe&ual to it. This was the firft Begin-
ring of an Ordinance of Parliament, which proved
fo extrerae bitter to the Royalifts in the Confe-
quence. •

AnOrdinancefor Pel. 4. Another fevere Ordinance for the raifing
iiing Monies tvvo Troops of Horfe and one Regiment of Dragoons
jn the County of Northampt0n • and for afleffing of
Monies upon the Malignants, difaffecled Perfons,
Papifts, Bifhops, Deans, Deans and Chapters, feV.
for the Maintenance of the faid Forces, was read
and put to the Queftion, in the Hpufc of Commons,

but

Of ENGLAND. 163

but it pafled in the Negative, by forty-one Voices An. 18. Car. r.
againft twenty. j64z>

Feb. 7. The Lords took into Confideration the Februar>r'
King's laft Anfwer to their Propofitions ; and, firft,
it was agreed to proceed in the Treaty. Next it
was propofed, That the Armies on both Sides
fhould be totally difbanded, and to have a Ceflation
of Arms, that there might be a Treaty ; when, after
a long Debate, it was refolved in the Affirmative.

Feb. 8. A Paper was read in the Houfe of Lords,
called, A general ConfeJJlon of National Sins ; which
was agreed to by both Houfes, and ordered to be
ufed by their Minifters at the next public Faft. a

Several Days were employed in feeking out Ways ADJ for a gen&;
and Means for raifing of Money; and, amongftral Weekly Af.
others, a Weekly Afleflment was agreed on for thefefrment«
Maintenance of the Army j and an Ordinance was
made for that Purpofe. Thefe new Kind of Taxes
lay prodigious hard on the Citizens of London, and
all thofe Counties which were within the Power of
the Parliament. The King feems to have fupported
his Army at this Time, chiefly, by Gifts and Loans.

Feb. 13. The Commons fent up their Refolutions
on the intended Treaty at Oxford. They told the
Lords, in a Conference, That they agreed with
them in fome Things, and differed in others ; and
offered the following Votes of their Houfe to their
Lordfhips Confideration.

Refolved, 'That this Houfe doth concur with Votes and Refo-
the Lords in their Votes, That there fliall be a fpee- lutioas relating
dy Difbanding of both Armies ; and that there £. Banding the
fhould be a fixed Time appointed for it. ^c
Northern and Weflern Armies to be firft difbanded,
which mall be on the firft Day of March next ;
and the Day for difbanding all the other Armies,
on the tenth of the fame Month.'

Refolved, * That a Meffage be fent to his Maje-
fty to defire his Confent for difbanding the Armies,
L 2 ac-

a This Confeffion is in Rujhvmrtb, Vol. V. p, 141.

164 tte Parliamentary HISTORY

An. i?. Car. I. according to the Votes of this Houfe ; and that Per-
164.2. fons fhafi be appointed to treat with his Majefty
*T7V^1*' concerning the Manner of Difbanding.'

The Queftton being put, Whether there fhall
be a prefent CefTation of Arms, in order to the
Treaty on the Propofitions, before the Difbanding
of the Armies? it patted in the Negative.

Refolved, « That when his Majefty fhall have
aflented to a Difbanding, and the Time and Manner
of it, then the Time for an immediate Ceffation {hall
be agreed on.'

They alfo prefented the following Reafons why
there fliould be no Treaty, upon the Propofuions,
before Difbanding :

* /"Tl H A T a Treaty, before the Difbanding,
will be ineffectual to produce fuch a Peace
as may fecure Religion againft the Defigns of the
Papifts to deftroy it, and the Prebtical Party to cor-
rupt it ; or to fecure the Liberties of the Kingdom,
and the Privileges of Parliament, againft Projectors
and Delinquents. The Grounds and Evidence
whereof are thefe :

1. * Becaufe Papifts, Malignants, and other Delin-
quents, are now in greateft Power about the King ;
and this Treaty is like to be managed by their Coun-
fels, whofe Hopes and Interefts are buih upon the
Breach and Diftemper betwixt the King and his
People ; whereof they having been the' greateft
Caufe, will ftill endeavour to hinder fuch a Peace,
as may interrupt their own Defigns : Whereas, if
the Treaty be after the Difbanding, the Authority
of Parliament will be more powerful to remove fuch
Impediments.

2. * If the Treaty be before the Difbanding, it
will not be fafe for his Majefty to yield to any fuch
Propofitions as (hall be for the fupprefling of Pa-
pifts and Malignants, his Perfon being in their
Power; nor yet fo fafe for the Kingdom, whilft Arms
are in their Hands, and fo great a Party, both in Ire-
land and beyond the Seas, to encourage and aflift

them,

Of ENGLAND. 165

in refitting the Obfervance and Execution of An, iS.Oar, I.
any fuch Treaty. l64*.

3. * If the Armies be once difbanded,- though the *T7V~"""1
Treaties fhould not fucceed, yet the War cannot

be carried on, but there will be Time of Mediation
to take up thofe Differences without any further
ihedding of Blood : Whereas, if the Armies be on
Foot, upon every Difference in the Treaty both
Sides may be provoked, with more Animofity and
Bitternefs, to refer Matters to the bloody Trial of
the Sword ; and many intervening Accidents may
interrupt .the Treaty.

4. ' That it will be moft honourable for his Ma-
jefty, and more fafe for his People, that the Propo-
iitions be yielded after the Difbanding than before;
for thereby his Majefty will be freed from the Impu-
tation of granting any thing by Force ; which might
both trench upon his Honour, and weaken the Va-
lidity of the Things granted ; and both Houfes will
be free from that Tax of unparliamentary Proceed-
ings, implied in his Majeity's Anfwer, Of requiring
flew Laws by Arms.

5. * That if the Treaty be before Difbanding, it
will endanger, or delay, his Majefty's Confent to
the Difbanding at the Time limited ; for there
will be the fame Reafon, on his Majefty's Part,
for concluding the Treaty before the Difbanding,
as for the beginning it j that fo, if he be like to
have more Advantage by Arms than by the Treaty,
he may ftill have it in his Power to purfue the fame
Ends for which his Force was at firft raifed ; and
all Delays in that Kind will make the Burdens and
Miferies infupportable to the Kingdom, by the ne-
cefTary Maintenance of all the Armies, and other
Charges and Mifchiefs which will thereby fall up-
on the Subject.'

To thefe Rca/ons of the Commons was annexed
the following Refolution :

* That, forthwith after the Difbanding of both

Armies, this Houie will fend a Committee to attend

Jiis Majefty, by an humble Treaty to give him

L 3 due

1 66 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. due Satisfaction concerning the Propofitions fent to
them from his Majefty, and thofe prefented from
them to his Majefty.'

Thefe Votes, Reafons, and Refolutions, laid
before the Lords till the fixteenth of this Month,
when they were quickened by another Meflage from
the Commons. The Votes and Reafons were again
read ; and, after Debate, the Lords refolved, ' Not
to recede from their former Votes, but to adhere to
them, notwithftanding the Reafons of the Houfe of
Commons : To have a Conference with them, and
acquaim them, That this Houfe thinks it fit that the
Time, from the Beginning of the Treaty, ought not
to exceed twenty Days.

' That the King's Propofitions, concerning his
Magazines, Towns,. Forts, and Ships, and the
Propofitions of both Houfes for disbanding of all
Armies, may be firft treated of.

* That the remote Armies may be disbanded by
the lad Day of Mnrch, or fooner if it can be : That
the Kirtg's Army under the Command of the Earl
of Forth, and that under the Larl of EJfcx raifed by
Parliament, may be disbanded by the i oth of Aprtl^
or fooner.

' That there may be a prefent Ccfiat:on of all
A&s of Hoftility on both Sides ; and that all other
Things may continue in the fame State, without any
further Intercourfe, or free Paflage, than is at prefent.

La/ily^ * Becaufe that Money is neceflary to main-
tain and fupport the Army, the Lords think fit to
propofe to the Commons to join with them in fend-
ing to the Lord Mayor of London, to call a Com-
mon Council the next Day, to move them to ad-
vance Money for the Supply of the Army.'

Feb. 17. The Debates on the disbanding, or not
disbanding, the Armies before the Treaty, were this
Day continued in the Houfe of Commons ; and, on
two Divifions, one of them 76 againft 73^ and the
other 86 againft 83, it was carried to enter upon
the Treaty before Disbanding. We meet with the
following Speech of Sir Benjamin Rudyard of this

very

Of ENGLAND. 167

very Day a; which probably was one great Means An, 18 Car. f.
of the Queftion's being carried in the Affirmative. 16^.

Mr. Speaker, February.

* T Do verily think that the Vote we have already Sir Benjamin

L pafied, for the difbanding the Armies the firft**^'*
and tenth of March, will find us no farther on our oS^?
Way than where we now are, befides the ill Acci-
dents that may happen, and fo much precious Time
fpent, as till then.

* Sir, the main Bufinefs is, whether we mall have
a prefent Treaty or no. And this concerns us in
all that we have, and are. Since we refufed a
Treaty at Nottingham, I do not find that we have
gotten much Ground, although our Army then was
frefh, full, and full paid; the People erect, bountiful,
and forward to the War. - Now the Difpofition of
the Kingdom, for thegreateft Part, (lands bent to-
wards a Peace : So that wherefoever the Refufal,
or Delay of the Way to it (hall be fixed, the Dif-
ad vantage will fall on that Side. How clear foever
the Intentions of the Houfe are, yet abroad it will
be taken but as a Shew without Reality, and fo it
will be returned upon us.

* For the Proportions ; I have not known, nor
heard, that all the Propofitions in any Treaty of
Importance were ever fwallowed whole. If fome
be harm and rough, they may be wrought and fup-
pled by wife Treaters, made fit for an acceptable
Agreement. If others be unpayable, they may be
totally rejected. Thofe that are our unqueftionable
Rights, may be fo claimed, and held.

4 Mr. Speaker, we have d ready tafted the bitter
bloody Fruits of War, w« are grown exceedingly
behind-hand with ourfelves fince we began it : If we
perfift, there will fuch a Confluence of Mifchiefs
break in upon us, as, I am afraid, will ruin the
King, the Kingdom, the Nation ; unlefs God be
merciful to us, and do ftep in with a great Miracle,
for a little one will not ferve our Turn.

<I
a From the original Edition printed for Midas! Young*

i 68 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS.Car. I. « I have long and thoughtfully expe&ed that the

l64z* Cup of Trembling, which hath gone round about

*T7V"^*1' us to other Nations, would at length come in amongft

ruary' us ; it is now come at laft, and we may drink the

Dregs of it, the worft ; which God avert.

' There is yet fome Comfort left, that our Mife-
ries are not likely to laft long : For we cannot fight
here as they do in Germany, in that great, large,
vaft Continent ; where, although there be War in
fome Parts of it, yet there are many other remote
quiet Places for Trade and Tillage to fupport it.
We muft fight as in a Cock-pit, we are furrounded.
with the Sea. We have no ftronger Holds than our
own Skulls, and our own Ribs, to keep out Ene-
mies j fo that the whole Kingdom will fuddenly be
but one Flame.

', It hath been faid in this Houfe, That we arc
bound in Conscience to punifh the Shedding of in-
nocent Blood : But, Sir, who (hall be aniwcrable
for ail the inrocent Blood which mall be fpilt here-
after, if we do not endeavour a Peace, by a fpeedy
Treaty ? Certainly God is as much to be trufted in,
a Treaty as in a War : It is he that gives Wifdom
to treat, as well as Courage to fight, and Succefs
to both, as it pleafeth him. Blood is a crying Sin,
it pollutes a Lund : Why fiiould we defile this Land
any longer f

' W nerefore, Mr. Speaker, let us flint Blood as
foon as we can. Let us agree with our Adverfaries,
in the Way, by a prefcnt, fhort, wary Treaty*
God dired us/

Feb. 18. At a Conference, this Day, the Com-
mons informed the Lords, That they agreed with
them in all the Articles relating to the Treaty j but
thefe will fail apter in another Place.

Propofitionsfrom /^£. 2O. New Propofitions having been made to
£e«£!IZ«SM . the Citizens for a confiderable Advance of Money,
railing' Money, fome of the Aldermen and Common Council, this
difbanding the Day, attended the Houfe of Lords ; when, being
Arm)-, »(. cajje(j jn> they ^ec\zrc^ * That tjiey were fent from

the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Coun-
cil

Of E N G L A N D. 169

cil of the City of London, to give their Lord- An. iS. Car. T,
(hips an Account of the Defire of both Houfes for
the Advancement of 60,000 / which the Common
Council have taken into Confideration, and voted
to raife it fpeedily, if poflible it may be j and the
Common Council have many Things in Agitation,
which are not yet digefted ; but think it fit humbly
to defire of their Lordfliips, and the Houfe of Com-
mons, fome Things that will give Encouragement in
the raifing of this Money, which they ofFer to their
Lordfhips Confideration.

1 . ' That both Houfes would vouchfafe to ad-
vance the raifing of 60,000 /. by their own Ex*
ample, and pay it into the Hands of the Treafurers
at Guildhall^ in London, to the End that the Sight
of it may encourage others.

2. * That they may be eafed in the Rates of the
weekly AfTeflrnent, becaufe it exceeds the Propor-
tion of the County, if it be not too late.

3. « That the 3000 /. per Month, granted for
Defence of the City, out of the weekly AflefTment,
may be made 4000 /.

4. ' It is humbly defired that the Citizens Lands
and Houfes in the Country may not be rated for
the weekly Afieflrnent, fo that they pay in London.

5. * It is defired, in regard they are informed that
divers Mifinformations have been made concerning
the City of London by private Perfons, that hereafter
rio fuch Credit may be given thereunto, as to be ac-
counted the Senfe of the City, unlefs it proceeds from
the Court of Aldermen or Common Council, fig-
riiried by fpecial MelTengers of their own, or by their
Burgefies, directed by one of the faid Courts.

6. * That it will much promote the faid Service,
if the Money aflefled by virtue of divers Ordinances
be collected forthwith in London, and other Parts of
the Kingdom, that the Charge may not lye wholly
upon the willing Party j for that otherwife the Well-
affecled will be either deftroyed with them or for
them ; with them, if they mould refufe as others do j
or for them, by contributing, alone, to the Public
{Safety more than their Kftates will bear.

7. « That

170 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. 7. ' That Search be made, without the Liber-
1642. ties? jn the Parts adjacent, for fufpe&ed Perfons ;
4-T"v-'--' and that, upon the Difbanding, thofe that are called
arjr" the King's Army may be enjoined to go to their fe-
veral Habitations, and not to come to London^ to
the Difturbance of the Peace, Safety, and Welfare
of the faid City, and of the good Government there-
of; and that, during the Time of the Treaty and
Ceflation, none of the faid Army may be permitted
to come to the City.

8. * That to prevent Mifapprehenfions and Jea-
loufies concerning the prefent Proceedings of both
Houfes of Parliament, about the Treaty and Cefla-
tion, and Difbanding, it is humbly prayed it may
be declared, That the R.efolution of both Houfes is
the fame as at the firft, That nothing fhall be done
but that which tends to the fecuring the trite Prote-
ftant Religion, the juft Liberties of the Subjects, and
Privileges of Parliament.

9. * It is defired that the Ordinance for the week-
ly Afleflment may pafs forthwith, for fecuring the
Reimburfement of the 60,000 /. which, otherwife,
will not be raifed.

* The Refolutions of both Houfes are humbly
defired herein, as an Encouragement to carry on
the Bufinefs.'

The Anfwer returned to thefe Meflages was,
' That their Lordfhips gave the Lord Mayor,
Aldermen, and Common Council, Thanks for their
Readinefs and Care in the raifing of 6o,ooo/. and
to let them know that their Lordfhips hope nothing
fhall be done in this Treaty, but what {hall be for
the Security of the true Proteftant Religion, the Pri-
vilege of Parliament, the juft Privileges of the Sub-
ject, and the Security of the City of London.

' For the Ordinance for the weekly AfleiTmcnt,
this Houfe hath palled it already, and fern it to the
Houfe of Commons ; and concerning the making or"
3000 /. Allowance a-wcek to be 4000 /. their Lord-
fliips will give the beft Furtherance ihey can in it.

As

Of E N G L A N D. 171

As for other Particulars their Lordfliips will take An, iS. Car. I.
them into Confutation.' i64*«

Pel. 2 1 . The Houfe of Lords had fent a Copy of February-
the Votes of both Houfes concerning the Ceflation,
&c. to the Earl of E/ex, their General j at the fame
*Timedefiring his Opinion and Advice about them ;
to which the General returned the following Anfwer,
addrefled to their Speaker ;

My Lord,

J Muft acknowledge the Obligation I have to the Letter from tha

Lords, that they dejire my Advice about the Par- Earl of EJ'ex
ticulars concerning a Cejjation. My Lord* if I had concerning aQff-
known of it before it had been voted, I Jhould have atlon*
clearly delivered my Opinion, and then fubmitted my-
felf and it to your Lordjbips greater Wifdoms ; but>
my Lord, now I know my Duty. The Arms you have
raifed are fo differ fed, and Jo many Difficulties in
it, that it is too great a Burden for me to undertake
to deliver my Opinion ; not doubting but that your
Lord/hips , in ycur grave Wifdoms, have weighed all
the Inconveniences that may happen to your Servants
employed by you, during this CeJJation, and the Ways
how to prevent them before you voted the CeJJation.
My Lord, if I knew how to give a clear Anfwer to
a Bufinefs 1 am fo great a Stranger to, having been
at none of the Debates, I Jhould /hew my Obedience
to their Commands. I am,

My Lord,

Windfor. Feb. 20, Your Lordfliip's

1642.

humble Servant,

ESSEX.

After this the Houfe being informed that.one Mr.
William Murray was without, with a Letter from
his Majefty to the Speaker, his Lordfhip was ap-
pointed to receive it ; which contained only a Com-
mand to read the following Meflage in the Houfe,

and

172 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. and afterwards to communicate it to the Cora-

1642. mons.

February. CHARLES R.

And the King's* "XTTHereas his Majefy7 hath, together with
Meflage on the < yy a Treaty, propofed a Ceflation of Arms
< ^ feoth his fjoufes of Parliament, now fixteen
' Days fince, to which, as yet, he hath received

* no Anfwer : To the End that his Majefty may fo

* clearly underftand the Houfes, that no fuch Impu-
' tations, as have been formerly, may after be laid
( upon him, upon Occafion of any thing that may

* intervene; his Maj.efty defires, if a Ceflation (hall
' be approved of by them, that the Day upon which

* the Ceflation is thought fit to begin, and fuch par-

* ticular Limits and Conditions of that Ceflation as
' are neceflary to be underftood and agreed on before
' the Ceflation Ltfelf can a&ually begin, be propofed

* by them at the fame Time, with their Approba-

* tion of it; fince, as his Majefty fuppofes by the
' prefent great Preparation of feveral Forces of the
f Earl of Effex to march feveral Ways, that till

* fuch Time as this be done, they do not conceive

* themfelves obliged to an actual Ceflation : So nei-
4 ther, till then, doth his Majefty conceive himfelf

* obliged to it.'

Hereupon the Lords refolved to have a Conference
with the Houfe of Commons, and communicate this
Meflage and the Earl of EJJex's Letter to them ; and
to defire that a Committee of Members of both
Houfes may be appointed to confider in what Man-
ner, and what Limitations, the Ceflation of Arms
may proceed in, and how to be carried on.

Feb. 23. The Parliament had fent a Petition to
the King, which they called their Defire and Ad-
vice, That the next Lent Afiizes, &c. fhould be
put off, during thefc turbulent Times ; they, this
Day, r -ceived an Anfwer to it from the King, which
ivas read in the Houfe ; and, for Connection Sake,

we

Of ENGLAND. 173

we give them both together. And, firft, the De-An, 18. Car. I.
fire and Advice : l64*'

cr'HE Lords and Commons In Parliament humbly *iuary"
-* JheWj That your Juftices and other liege People ,TJie pariiament
who are or Jhall be fummonedy or have other Caufe to defire the Lent
attend at the next AJfizes and General Goal-Delivery Affiz« maX *»
appointed to be Jhortly kept in the feveral Counties 0/* ut ° *
England and Wales, cannot refort thither without
great Peril of their Lives, and Damage to their
£J1ates> by reafon of the prefent miferable Dijlrac-
tions, and armed Forces being in all Parts of your
Realm : In regard whereof \ the Lords and Commons
do humbly advife and defire your Majefty to command*
That the faid djfizes and General Goal-Delivery be
not holden as is appointed ; but that the fame may be
deferred until! it Jhall pleafe God to re/lere Peace un-
to your People.

His MAJESTY'* ANSWER to the foregoing DESIRE
and ADVICE.

' T TI S Majefty hath weighed the Defire and To which the

* I I Advice of the Lords and Commons, fentKine «&
' in a Letter to the Lord Falkland from the Earl ofConfeRt*
' Manchefter^ concerning the putting off the Gene-

* ral Affixes and Goal-Delivery throughout the

* Kingdom. To which his Majefty returns this
4 Anfwer, That the prefent bloody Diffraction of
c the Kingdom (which his Majefty hath ufed all

* poflible Means to prevent, and will ftill to remove)

* doth afflict his Majefty, under no Confideration
4 more, than of the great Interruption and Stop it
' makes in the Courfe and Proceedings of Juftice,
' and the Execution of the Laws ; whereby his
' good Subjects are robbed of the Peace and Secu-
' rity they were born to : And therefore, as much
'.as in him lies, he will advance that only Means
' of their Happinefs ; at leaft they (hall fee that their

* Sufferings, that Way, proceed not from his Ma-

* jefty : And fince they may now expect, by the

Laws,

174 T&e Parliamentary HISTORY
An. 18. Car. l.t Laws, Statutes, and Cuftoms of the Kingdom,
! \^_ ^ * the Affixes and General Goal-Delivery in°every
February. ' County, his Majefty thinks not fit to command

* the contrary ; but will take fevere and precilc

* Order, that none of his good Subjects (hall re-

* ceive the leaft Prejudice, as they repair thither,
« by any of his Majefty's Forces ; which Rule he
« fhall be glad to fee obferved by others ; and then

* he hopes, by the due Execution of the Laws,

* even thefe public Calamities may have fome Abate-
c ment, and the Kingdom recover its former Peace

* and Profperity.'

The latter End of this Month was chiefly taken
up in framing Articles to be fent to the King for a
Ceflation of Arms, before the intended Treaty be-
gan. And, after confulting with their Lord-General
and a Council of War, a Form was drawn up ;
which, after many Conferences and Alterations, was,
on the 28th of this Month, perfected, read, and
agreed to by both Houfes, and ran in thefe Words :

•' "T T THereas the Lords and Commons in Par-
'* T T liament, out of a tender Senfe of the pre-
' fent Miferies and Diftra&ions of the Kingdom,
' and for the obtaining and fettling of a happy Peace

* between his Majefty and his People, have humbly
' prefented his Majefty divers Proportions, to which

* he hath been pleafed to make this Return : That
' his Defire was, that a fpeedy Time and Place might
' be appointed for the difcujjing of thofe Proportions,

* and likewife fome others propofed by his Majejly. It
' is thereupon agreed in both Houfes, that a Com-

* mittee of both Houfes fhall be appointed to attend

* his Majefty, on or before the fourth of March, if
' his Majefty (hall fo pleafe, to endeavour to give him

* all humble and fit Satisfaction concerning the faid

* Propofitions, both his Majefty's and their own.

' And whereas, for the more fpeedy Removal of
« the bloody and miferabie Effects of War, his Ma-
'jefty hath likewife been gracioufly pleafed, by a

* late Meflage, to fignify his Defire, That, for avoid-

'ing

Of E N G L A N D. 175

c ing all intervening Accidents of War^ which might An. 18. Car. 1

* interrupt this Treaty , there might be a CeJ/ation 164*'

* of Arms under fuch particular Conditions and Li" ' "¥*••
« mitations as Jhould be agreed on : Their humble February*
c Defires therein concurring with his Majefty, it is,

* by them, aflented and agreed, That a Ceflation

* of Arms, in order to fuch a Treaty as is refolved
« upon by both Houfes of Parliament, may be in-
' joined to all the Armies and Forces now on Foot

* in the Kingdom of England and Dominion of
' Wales, on either Side, under the Reftrictions and

* Limitations hereafter following ; and that neither
« Side {hall be bound and limited by this Ceflation
' in any otherwife, or to any other Purpofe, than is

* hereafter exprefled.

I. ' That all Manner of Arms, Ammunition,

* Victuals, Money, Bullion, and all other Commo-

* dities, paffing without fuch a Safe-Conduct as may

* warrant their Paflage, may be ftaid and feized on,
' as if no fuch Ceflation were agreed on at all.

II. * That all Manner of Perfons, paffing with-
' out fuch a Safe-Conduct as is mentioned in the

* Article next going before, (hall be apprehended
« and detained, as if no fuch Ceflation were agreed

* on at all.

III. « That his Majefty 's Forces in Oxfordshire
' fhall advance no nearer to Windfor than Wheatly ;
' and, in Buckingham/hire^ no nearer to Aylejbury
< than Brill ; and that, in Berkjhire, the Forces re-
' fpectively (hall not advance nearer the one to the
' other than now they are ; that the Parliament's

* Forces \nOxfordjhire fhall advance no nearer ioOx-

* ford than Henley, thofe in Buckingham/hire , no
« neajer to Oxford than Aylejbury ; that his Majefty's

* Forces fhall take no new Quarters above twelve

* Miles fromOxford, any Way; and that the Parlia-
' ment's Forces fhall take no new Quarters above

* twelve Miles from IVindfcr^ any Way.

IV. « That no Siege fnall be begun, or continued,
c againft Gloucejler ; and that his Majefty's Forces,

* now employed in the Siege, fhall return to Ciren-

« ct/ftr9

The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. iS. Car. l.« cefter, and Malm/bury, or to Oxford, as fhall be

1642. t moft for their Conveniency : That the Parliament's

*T"""V"~**' *• Forces which are in G loucefter/hire (hall remain

iary' « in the Cities of Gloucejler, Brijlol, and the Caftle

' and Town of Berkley ; or retire nearer to Wind-

' for, as they (hall fee Caufe j and that thofe of

* Wales, which are drawn to Gloucester, (hall return

* into their Quarters where they were before they
' drew down to Gloucejierjhire;

V. ' That in Cafe it be pretended, on either Side,
« that the Ceflation is violated, no Act of Hoftility

* is immediately to follow ; but, firft, the Party

* complaining is to acquaint the Lord-General on
' the other Side, and to allow three Days, after No-

* tice given for Satisfaction : And in Cafe Satisfac-

* tion be not given or accepted, then five Days No-

* tice to be given before Hoftility begin : And the
' like to be obferved, in the remoter Armies, by the
' Commanders in Chief.

' Laftly, That all other Forces in the Kingdom
' of England and Dominion of Wales, and not be-
' fore-mentioned, mall remain in the fame Quar-
« ters and Places as they are at the Time of the

* publifhing of this Ceflation, and under the fame

* Conditions as are mentioned in the Articles before ;
' and that this Ceflation (hall not extend to reftrain

* the fetting forth, or employing, of any Ships for

* the Defence of his Majefty's Dominions.

* All which they humbly defire his Majefty will
' be pleafed to ratify and confirm, and that this Cef^

* fation may begin upon the fourth of March next,

* or fooner if it may be, and continue untill the

* twenty-fifth of the fame Month ; and, in the mean
' Time, to be publifhed to the Commanders, Of-
' ficers, and Soldiers, and all other his Majefty'a
' loving Subjects on either Side ; and that the Treaty
' intended may commence upon the fourth of March

* next, or fooner if it may be ; and the Continuance
' thereof not to exceed twenty Days.

The fame Day a Petition was prefented to the
Lords, from the City of London^ bjr four Alder-
men,

Of E N G L A N D. 177

men, importing, That by the Ordinance lately An. 18. Car. I
made for the weekly Supply of io,ooo/. the faid
Sum is too much for the City to bear, i:i regard
of the Inequity between them and the Rates of
other Counties, and they defired that there might Petition from
be a clearer Explanation than is yet by the faid Or-theCity of Lea~
dinance made : Alfo a full Declaration to free the** weddy'Af"
Citizens of London, for their Houfes and Lands ly-feffinent.
ing in feveral Counties ; they being affeffed and pay-
ing in the City.

The Aldermen were called in and told, That
fince their Petition was directed to both Houfes of
Parliament, the Lords would communicate it to the
Commons,, and confider of it in due Time.

The Commons fent up an Ordinance as a Secu-
rity to the City for the late Loan of 60,000 /. at 8 /.
per Cent, the Principal to be repaid out of the firft
Monies to be raifed by the Weekly Afleffment,
now forthwith to be laid as well on the reit of the
Kingdom as on the City of London. Agreed to by
the Lords ; and particular Commiffioners were na-
med and appointed to go down into the feveral
Counties, to fee this extraordinary Tax levied, and
the Ordinance for it duly executed, which amounted,
according to an Hiftorian of that Age, to 33,5807.
a Week. '

Notwithftanding the King's Anfwer to the Parlia-
ment's Petition about putting off the Aflizes, they
concluded, That the Oath the Judges had taken to
obey the King's Mandates, and that they might be
prejudiced in obeying the Parliament, were no Rea-
fons for holding the Aflizes in thefe Times ; when
the Power of the Sword was fo prevailing, that the
public Juflice of the Kingdom could not be admi-
niftered in an equal and indifferent Way : They
therefore ordained, That the feveral Judges andThe Par
Juftices of Afiize of the feveral Courts, &c. fhould forbid the
forbear to execute any Comgiiflions of Aflize this tog° their Cu-
. Lent Vacation, as they would anfwer the Contemptcuits
thereof at their Peril.

VOL. XII. M The

a Sir Cnrgt Wk art-si? i Chronology,

178 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. The laft Thing that both Houfes agreed upon, as
this Day, was the naming and appointing Com-
mifli°ners to go uP°n tne Oxford Treaty. The
Lords named the Karl of Northumberland and the
Commiflioners Lord Vifcount Say and Sele ; and the Commons, Sir
appointed for the William Armyn, Sir John Holland, Mr. Pierpoint,
Treaty atOx/W. and Mr. Whitlocke. It was alfo ordered, That the
Speaker of the Houfe of Lords fhould fend the Ar-
ticles relating to the CefTation, inclofed in a Letter
to the Lord Falkland, the King's Principal Secretary
of State ; and likewife to defire a Safe- Conduct from
his Majefty, for the Commiflioners of both Houfes
to go to Oxford and back again.

An Ordinance of Parliament was now made for
fortifying the Cities of London and IVeftminJler, and
the Borough of Southward, and the flopping up all
High-ways and Bye-ways leading to them, &c.

March 2. The neighbouring Counties aflbciating
with one another againft the King, was much en-
couraged by the Parliament. The King did all he
could to prevent it, by Proclamations, &c. and, this
Day, one of them was fent up to the Lords by the
Commons, with the latter's Refolutions and Votes
upon it ; to which they defired the Lords Concur-
rence : A Copy of which we think proper to infert,
as a Specimen of many more, in the Journals, of
the fame Kind.

By the KIN G.

His MAJESTY'J PROCLAMATION, forbidding all
his loving Subjects of the Counties 0/"Kent, Surrey,
Suflex, and Hampshire, to raife any Forces with-
out his Majefty's Confent, or to enter into any Af-
fociation or Proteftation for the Ajfytance of the
Rebellion againft his Maje/ly.

The King's Pro- « "TT THereas we have been informed of certain
damation againft < yy propofitions agreed upon by fome feditious

the Afiociations ,r»rT fr f \" f^ r. }, „ p

in Favour of the "erfons of our feveral Counties of Kent, Surrey,

Parliament. « SuJJex, and Hampjhire, for an Aflbciation betwixt

« the faid Counties, to raife an Army of 3000 Foot

« and

. Of ENGLAND. 179

* and 300 Horfe, and great Sums of Money for the An. iR.Car. !•

* Maintenance thereof, and an Invitation to our good 1643.

' Subjects of thofe Counties, to enter into a Prote- V"*M^h"J
' ftation to aflift them in this odious and unnatural
' Rebellion : We do hereby declare, for the Satisfac-

* tion of all our loving Subjects of thofe Counties,

* and that they may not be feduced from their Obe-
' dience by the Cunning and Subtilty of thofe Men,
' That the Entry into fuch an Aflbciation and Pro-
' reflation, and raifingof Men, or contributing Mo-
4 ney unto the fame, is an Act of High Treafon,
' and an Endeavour to take away our Life from us :
' And we do therefore ftraitly charge and command

* all our loving Subjects whatfoever, upon their Al-
' legiance, not to enter into any fuch Aflbciation or
' Proteftation ; and that fuch as, by Colour of fuch
' Authority, have aflembled together, do immedi-
' ately difband, and repair to their Houfes.

' And we do, once more, renew our Offer of a

* free and gracious Pardon to all our Subjects of our

* faid four feveral Counties, excepting thofe whom.
' we before excepted in our feveral Proclamations

* concerning thofe our Counties ; againft all which
' we lhall proceed according to the Rules of the
( Law, as againft Perfons guilty of High Treafon ;
' and whom we do hereby require all our Officers
' and Minifters of Juftice, and all our loving Sub-
' jecls whatfoever, to apprehend, and caufe to be
« kept in fafe Cuftody.

' And our exprefs Pleafure is, and we do hereby
' will and command all the feveral Tenants of the

* Perfons excepted in our Proclamation for thofe
' four Counties of Kent^ Surrey, SuJ/ext and Hamp-

* Jhire, and all other Perfons who are any ways in-

* debted unto them, and all the Tenants to any
' other Perfon of any of the faid Counties who is
' now in actual and open Rebellion againft us, or
' who, after the publifhing of this our Proclamation,
' fhall contribute to the Maintenance of the Armies
' now in Rebellion againft us, under the ConducT:
' of Robert Earl of Effex, or of any other Perfon or
' PerfonSj or that (hall join in any fuch traiterous

M 2 Aflb-

1 80 ^The Parliamentary Hi STORY

18. Car. l.« Aflbciation or Proteftation, That they forbear to-
« pay any Rents or Debts due to the faid feveral Per-
' f°ns* kut Detain tne fame >n their Hands towards
' the Maintenance of the Peace of thofe Counties,
' and the Reparation of fuch Men who have fuf-
' fered by the Violence of others.

' And if any Soldier pr Soldiers, now under Com-
'. mand againft us in either of our faid Counties,

* {hall, within fix Days after the publifhing of this
4 our Proclamation, apprehend and bring before us,
' or any Officers of our Army, or any other our

* Minifters of Jufttce, fo that thePerfon apprehended
« be kept in fafe Cuftody, the Bodies of any of the

* Perfons fo excepted by us, or of any of the Com-

* manders or Officers now in Rebellion againft usx

* in any of the faid four Counties, fuch Soldiers, be-

* fides their Pardons, (hall receive fuch liberal Re-

* wards, by Penfions or otherwife, as their feveral

* Services, in refpect of the Qualities of the Perfons-

* fo apprehended, fhall deferve.

* And if any Commander or Officer, except the

* Perfon fo excepted, now in Rebellion againft us,
' in any of the faid four Counties, {hall, within five

* Days after this our Proclamation publiflied, being

* convinced in his Confcience of his damnable Of-

* fence againft God and us, in afiifting this odious

* Rebellion, return to his Allegiance, and repair to
' our Army, and commit no hoftile A6fc in the mean

* while aga'rnft us, we {hall not only pardon him, but

* fo far employ him as his Quality and Demeanor

* {hall deferve.

' And we do hereby require all our loving Sub-
*-Je6ls, of what Degree or Quality foever, within-
' our faid four feveral Counties, upon their Ailegi-

* ance, and as they tender the Caufe of God, (the

* Proteftant Religion being invaded and threatened

* to be rooted up by Anabaptifts, Brownifts, and

* Atheifts) of us and our Poftcrity, (our Life being

* fought after hi this Rebellion) and of themfelves,
' (the Law and Liberty of the Subject being in ap-

* parent Hazard to be fubjecled to an arbitrary law-
' lefc Power of a few fchifmatical, factious, and am-

* bilious

Of E N G L A N D. 181

* bitious Perfons) to affift us in Perfon, or with theAn.
c Loan of Money, Plate, and Horfes, in this our pre-

* fent great Neceffity.

* And having faid thus much out of our tender
e Regard of our Subjects of thofe our Counties, if

* they (hall henceforv/ard be guilty of the Premifes ;

* and fhall, either by Loan or Contribution, affift

* the faid Army of Rebels, or aflemble and mufter
' themfelves in Arms, without Authority derived

* from us under our Hand ; or fhall enter into any

* Oath of Aflbciation for oppofing us and our Army,

* and fo compel us to fend Part of our Forces thither
6 to reduce them to their Obedience, they muft an-
' fwer to God and their Country for the Miferies
« that muft follow.

' And our Pleafure is, That this our Proclamation
4 be read in all the Parifh Churches and Chapels in
*• the faid four feveral Counties.

Given at our Court at Oxford, this fifteenth Day
of February, in the eighteenth Year of our
Reign.

This Proclamation being read, the Houfe of Com-
mons defired their Lordfhips Concurrence in the
following Votes :

1. ' That in this Proclamation, prohibiting thevotesofth«
Aflbciation of divers Counties, and the Con tribu- Commons tb»«»
tions to the Army under the Earl of EJJex^ there areuP°n*
contained divers falfe and fcandalous Charges upon

the Proceedings of Parliament; and that it is Trea-
fon to the Commonwealth in thofe that advifed his
Majefty to the fetting forth of this Proclamation ;
and likewife in all fuch as (haH publifti the fame, or
act any thing upon it ; and that the Houfes will pro-
ceed againft them according to Law.

2. ' That whofoever did advife the fetting forth
of this Proclamation, did thereby exprefs a malici-
ous Intention to hinder the- Treaty, and the happy
Peace and Union to be hoped from thence, between
fhe King and the People.

M 3 3- ' That

182 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. 3. < That thefe feveral Counties of Kent> Surrey,
. *2' Suffix^ HampJhirC) or any other Counties, notwich-
Maich. ftanding any thing in this Proclamation, may pro-
ceed to afibciate themfelves.

4. * That the Lords be moved that a Commit-
tee be nominated of fome Members of both Houfes,
for drawing a Declaration for vindicating the Pro-
ceedings of Parliament' from the Scandals in this
Proclamation, and upon the other Matters contained
in thefe Votes.'

The Houfe of Commons alfo defired the Time
might be taken Notice of, in the Declaration, when
this Proclamation was made ; which was prefently
after the King had fent a MefTage to both Houfes,
defiring a Treaty and Ceffation of Arms, that fo all
Differences might be fettled betwixt his Majefty
and the Parliament.

To all which the ^e Lords concurred with the Houfe of Com-
Loids agree. mons in all the aforefaid Votes, and nominated the
Earls of Northumberland a, Pembroke b, Holland c,
Warwick d, and Bolingbroke % and the Lord Vifcount
Say and Sele f, to join with a proportionable Number
of the Houfe of Commons to draw up the faid De~
claration.

March 6. This Day the Lords received an An-
fwer from the King to their Articles of Ceflation,
which was as follows :

The King's Ar-
ticles of Cefla-

HI-S Majefty hoped the Treaty would have
been begun, and the Ceflation agreed on long
j and that much might, in this Time, have
been concluded in ordur to the Peace and Hap-
pinefs of the Kingdom j but fmce, in almoft a
Month (for his Majefty's Propofitions were made
on the third of February^ and he heard not fmce
from both Houfes till the firft of March) no Con-
fent hath been yielded to it, he conceives the Cef-
fation cannot begin fo foon as the fourth of this
Month ; by which Time, though his Majefty ufes
no Delay in making his Anfwer) the fame can

* hardly

» Algtrntn Piercy b Philip Herbert. c Henry Rich,——

«« Rcbtrt Rich, « Oliver St. John, f William f tenet.

Of ENGLAND. 183

c hardly be returned to them; and many of the Ar-An, 18. Car. I.

4 tides now prefented to him from both Houfes con-

4 cerning the Ceflation, are fo ftridr., that fuch of MaichT

4 his good Subjects, who are not of his Army (and

4 for whom, generally, he {hall always have a prin-

4 cipal, juft, and compaflionate Regard) receive not

4 any Benefit, or are reftored to any Liberty there-

4 by, which his Majefty {hall ever infift upon, (when

4 in Matters meerly concerning himfelf, he may

4 defcend to eafier Conditions) and which he hath

4 returned with fuch Alterations, as he doubts not

4 both his Houfes will confent to ; and do fufficient-

4 ly manifeft how follicitous his Majefty is for the %

4 Good of his People, and how defirous he is that,

4 in this unnatural Contention, no more Blood of

4 his Subjects may be fpilt, (upon which he looks

4 with much Grief, Companion, and Tendernefs

4 of Heart) even of thofe who have lifted up their

4 Hands againft him : And his Majefty therefore de-

4 fires (againft which he can imagine no Objection

4 can be made) That the Ceflation may begin upon

4 the twelfth of this Month, or fooner, if the Con-

4 ditions of the Ceflation {hall be fooner agreed on,

4 and is willing the fame {hall continue for twenty

4 Days ; in which Time he hopes by the Treaty,

4 and a clear Underftanding of each other, a full

4 Peace and Happinefs may be eftabliflied through-

4 out the Kingdom. And, during that Time, his

4 Majefty is willing that neither Side {hall be bound

4 or limited by this Ceflation in any otherwife, or to

4 any other Purpofe, than is hereafter exprefled.

I. 4 That all Manner of Arms, Ammunition,
4 Money, Bullion, and Victuals, paffing for the
* Ufe of either Army, without a Pafs or Safe-Con-
4 duel from the Generals of each Army, may be
4 flayed and feized on, as if no Ceflation was agreed
4 on at all.

II. ' That all Officers and Soldiers of either Ar-
4 my, pafling without fuch Licence or Safe-Conduct
4 as aforefaid, may be apprehended and detained,
4 as if no fuch Ceflation was agreed on at all : And

'that

184 ffbe Parliamentary HISTORY

Aa. i?. Car. i.« that all Manner of Perfons, his Majefty's Subject,

****' ' of what Quality or Condition foever (except Of-

March.~P * ^cers and Soldiers of either Army) fhall pafs to

' and from the Cities of Oxford and London, and

' back again at their Pleafures, during this Ceflation ;

* as likewife to and from any other Parts ot his Ma-
' jefty's Dominions, without any Search, Stay, or
' Imprifonment of their Perfons, or Seizure and De-
' tention of their Goods or Eftates ; and that all

* Manner of Trade, Traffick, and Commerce be
4 free and open between all his Majefty's Subjects,

* excepting as aforefaid, between the Officers and
4 Soldiers of either Army j or for Arms, Ammuni-
' tion, Money, Bullion, or Victuals, for the Ufe
' of either Army, without a Pafs or Safe-Conduct

* as aforefaid ; which may be a good Beginning to

* renew the Trade and Correfpondence of the King-

* dom, and whereby his good Subjects may be re-
' ftored to the Liberty and Freedom they were born
' to, and have fo happily enjoyed till thefe miferable
c Diftradtions ; and which, even during this War?

* his Majefty hath, to his utmolt, laboured to pre-

* ferve j opening the Way, by moft ftricl: Proclama-
« tions, to the Pafiage of all Commodities, even to,

* the City of London itfelf.

III. ' That his M.jcfty's Forces in Oxfordshire

* fhall advance no nearer to JVindfor than Wheatley%
' and, in Buckinohatnjhire, no nearer to Aylejbury
' than Brill', and that in Berkjbire^ the Forces refpec-
' lively fhall not advance nearer the one to the other
« than they fhall be at the Day to be agreed upon for

* the Ceflation to begin ; and that the Forces of

* the other Army in Oxfordfhirey fhall advance no

* nearer to Oxford than Henley \ and thofe in Buck"
c inghamjbire no nearer to Oxford than Aylejbury j

* and th?.t the Forces of neither Army fhall advance

* their Quarters nearer to each other than they fhall

* be upon the Day agreed on for the Ceflation to be-

* gin, otherwife than in PafTage and Communication
' between their feveral Quarters rcfpcclively, with-

* out any Ads of Hoflility to each other ; but may

Of E N G L A N D 185

' enlarge themfelves within their own Quarters re- An. 18. Car. j.

* fpe£tively, as they (hall find convenient. l64*«

IV. ' That the Forces of either Army in Glou- ^TT^^"^

5 cejlerjhire, Wiltjkire, and Wales , as likewife in the

* Cities of Ghucejler and Erijlol^ and the Cattle and
' Town of Berkley, (hall be guided by the Rule ex-

* prefs'd in the latter Part of the precedent Article.

V. * That in Cafe it be pretended on either Side,
' That the CcfTation is violated, no Ad of Hoftility

< is immediately to follow ; but firft the Party com-
c plaining is to acquaint the Lord-General on

* the other Side, and to allow three Days, after
' Notice, for Satisfaction ; and in Cafe Satisfaction,
' be not given or accepted, then five Days Notice tp

6 be given before Hoftility begin : And the like tp
' be obferved in the remoter Armies by the Com*
' manders in Chief.

VI. « That all other Forces in the Kingdom of
« England and Dominion of Wales > not before men-

< tioned, fhall remain in the fame Quarters and
' Places, as they are at the Time of publifhing this
« Ceflation, otherwife than in Paflage and Commu-
.' nication between their feveral Quarters, as is men-

* tioned in the latter Part of the third Article : And
' that this Ceflation IhaJl not extend to reftrain the
« fetting forth, or employing, any Ships for the De-
' fence of his Majefty's Dominions ; provided that
« his Majefty be firft acquainted with the Particu-
4 lars, and that fuch Ships as (hall be fet forth be
' commanded by fuch Perfons as his Majefty fhall

* approve of.

Lajlfy, t That, during the Ceflation } none of his
' Majefty's Subjects be imprifoned, otherwife than
' according to the known Laws of the Land ; and
6 that there fhall be no Plundering or Violence offer-
' ed to any of his Subjects. And his Majefty is

< very willing, if there be any Scruples made con-
' cerning thefe Proportions and Circumftances of
« the Ceffation, that the Committee for the Treaty,

* neverthelefs, may immediately come hither, and

4 fo all Matters concerning the Ceflation may be

5 here fettled by him,'

At

j86 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 18. Car. I. At the fame Time came a Letter of Safe-Condu6t

1644. for all the Parliament's Commiflioners, except the

.*— •v—' Lord Say. His Majefty's Reafons for objecting to

March. tne jafl. were> « That his Lordfhip was excepted

His Maiefty *g*™&-> ty Name, in his Proclamation, at Oxford,

grants a Safe- of the third of November, and by Writ to the She-

Conduft toall^ riff proclaimed then in that County; in which his

the Parliament's Majeft>s intention js declared to 'proceed againft

Commiilioners, . J * n f .. _ r_. , _,r \ r

«cept the Lord him as a Perfon guilty of High Treafon ; and fo
Saj. falling to be within the Cafe of Sir John Evelyn,

who, upon the fame Exception, was not admitted
to attend his Majefty, with the reft of the Commit-
tee, at Colebrooke, in November laft ; yet his Maje-
fty did fignify, that in Cafe the Houfe fhall think
fit to fend any other Perfon in the Place of the Lord
Say, who is not included in the like Exception, his
Majefty hath commanded all his Officers, Soldiers,
and other Subjects to fuffer him as freely to pafs and
repafs, as if his Name had been particularly compri-
zed in the Safe-Conduct.'

With thefe Objections to the Lord Say came alfo
the following Meffage relating to the Ceflation :

-H1

« and R<

I S Majefty is content that his Propofition
concerning the Magazines, Forts, Ships,
Levenue, and the Propofition of both Houfes

* for the Difbanding of the Armies, (hall be firft

* treated of, and agreed of before the proceeding to

* treat upon any of the other Propofitions ; and that,
4 afterward, the fecond of his Majefty's, and the
4 fecond of theirs, be treated on and agreed of, and

* fo on in the fame Order ; and that, from the Be-

* ginning of the Treaty, the Time may not exceed
' twenty Days ; in which, he hopes, a full Peace and
' right Underftanding may be eftablifhed throughout
' the Kingdom.'

After the reading of thefe Matters in the Houfc
of Lords, the Lord Say ftood up and faid, That
he never heard of this Proclamation'before ; what he
did was in Obedience to the Commands of the Par-
liament*

Of E N G L A N D. 187

liament, for the fettling of the County of Oxford An. 18. Car. £.
in Quietnefs and Security ; and if he fhall be pro-
claimed a Perfon guilty of High Treafon, for doing
his Duty to the Commands of Parliament, it will be
a Cafe worthy their Lordfhips Confideration, as a
Thing which much concerns the Privileges of Par-
liament : But, for his Part, rather than the Treaty
and Ceflation of Arms, for obtaining a happy Peace
between the King and Kingdom, fliould be hin-
dered, he defired the Lords to give him Leave to at-
tend this Houfe, and difpenfe with his going on the
Service. But the Lords, conceiving this Precedent
trenched on the efiential Proceedings of Parliament,
left it freely to the Lord Say, either to go or ftay as
he (hall think proper; as in the like Cafe of Sir
John Evelyn in the Houfe of Commons.

Both Houfes agreed to appoint a Committee to
confider of the King's laft Meflage on the Cefla-
tion, and report back what they think fit to be dons
about it.

March 7. A Meflage came up from the Com -The King's Ar«
mons, with their Thoughts on the King's laft Arti-t'cies of Ceflk-
cles for a Ceflation, That fince the Parliament had*
before, fent Committees to confult with the Lord-
General about them, they think it fit that the fame
Committee may be fent again to acquaint him with
it, and defue his Advice therein. The Lords Field-
ing and Hunfdon were fent to the General for that
Purpofe.

March 9. Thefe Lords reported to the Houfe the
Effeft of their Embafly to the Earl of Effex, That -
he had called a Council of War to his Afliftance ;
and, upon due Confideration of the King's Articles,
they offered fome Inconveniences which might en-
fue by accepting the fame, which were read in h<zc
Verba :

' rriHAT however any Cautions which his Ex- His ObjcQiow
* J_ cellency fhall propound by way of Advice10 them-
6 concerning the Ceflation, as is now by his Maje-

1 88 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.* fty propounded in thefe Articles may be fubjec"r. to
1642. < Misinterpretations, as if he were difaffe&ed to

* Peace ; neverihelefs, in Satisfaction to the Defire

* of both Houfes, his Excellency offereth unto their
4 Consideration thefe following Inconveniences :

4 To the firft Article thefe Difficulties are pro-
4 pounded :

1. ' That it cannot pofiibly be known or difcerned
4 what Carriages of Arms, Ammunition, Bullion,
4 and Victuals, are intended for the Ufe of the Ar-
-* my, and which are not ; whereby continual Con-
4 tentions are like to arife among the Guards of the
4 refpedtiye Quarters, which will endanger the Vio-
4 lation of the Ceffation, and the Breach of this
4 Treaty.

2. ' The Words in the laft Claufe being ambi-
c guous, The Generals of each Army, oughc to be
4 made clearer by this Expreffion, The Generals of
4 both Armies , as well of his Majefty's as the Parlia-

* meat's Army.

To the fecond Article :

4 It is fcarcely difcernible who is a Soldier, and

* who not ; and then he who was a Soldier Yefter-
4 day, may, Tc-day, be cafliier'd to qualify him for
4 another Defign in either Army ; and, as this Ar-

* tide lieth, 500 of his Majefty's Army may be ca-
4 ihier'd for the Purpofe, and fent into London, to be
4 in the Head of the Malignant Party : Befides, if
4 they be Soldiers or not Soldiers, the unreftrained
4 Paffage of all other Perfons muft, of Neceffity, in-
4 fufe Intelligence and bad Impreffures in the Minds

* of Men in each Army j and the Paffage of Com-

* modities, which muft be attended by divers "Per-

* fons, will open a Way to the fame Inconveniences ;
4 moreover, upon the free Paffage of Commodities,
4 will, of Neceflity, follow the Importation of Mo-
4 ney into each Army ; which is agreed to be re-
4 ftrained by the firft Article. Furthermore, in the
4 Paffage of Carriages, unfearched, by Water or

* Land, all Manner of warlike Provifions and con-

* traband Goods may be pack'd up and carried into
4 each Army, as foon as the Carriages, who pre-

Of ENGLAND. 189

* tend to go to another Place, be pad the Guards of An. iS. Car. I.

* the refpeciive Quarters : Neither can the Search of 4642.

* Goods and Perfons be made without great Difputes v- """v- — J

* and Quarrels, whereby daily Breaches and Inter- Marck«
' ruptions of the Ceflation are to be expected.

' In Confideration of which Premifes, it will be

* fafer for the Subjects to reftrain the Paflage of
' Commodities for a fmall Time ; which, being but

* twenty Days at the moft, cannot be of any great
4 Prejudice.

« To the third Article :

' It is faid that the Claufe of the Communication,
' betwixt the feveral Quarters refpe&ively, admits
' of fo great a Latitude, that thereby the Forces of

* Cornwall and Newcajlle may be drawn together

* without Violation of the Ceflation.

« To the laft Article:

* It is faid that the former Part of this Article,
' prohibiting to imprifon any Subjeft otherwife than

* by the known Laws of the Land, doth contradict

* the'fecond Article, which giveth Licence to appre-
' hend and detain Soldiers that have no Safe-Condu<5fc
« by Law of War.

' For the latter Part of this Article it is requifite
' to explain it thus, That no Violence Jhall be offered
' to any Subjeft, unlefs it be in Cafe of Difobedience t9
4 the Order of one or both Houfes of Parliament.''

A Meffage was fent to the Houfe of Commons
by Sir Robert Rich and Mr. Page, to communicate
this Advice of the Lord-General to them, and to
defire that the felecfc Committees of both Houfes,
formerly appointed to confider of the King's Anfwer
touching the Articles of the Ceflation of Arms, may
meet this Afternoon at Two o'Clock, and take this
Paper, fent from my Lord-General, into Confider-
ation ; and prepare what they conceive fit to be
done thereupon, and offer the fame to the Confider-
ation of both Houfes.

But whilft thefe Affairs, tending; towards Peace,
were in Agitation, both Sides were watchful to take

Ad-

190 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 18. Car. I. Advantage of each other, before the CefTation took
l_<r^*— _j Place, the Spring being now advanced, and the Sea-
March. *°n fi* ^or Action. Accordingly

A Meffage was, this Day, brought from the Com-
mons, defiring a prefent Conference, touching fome
Intelligence they had received from their Lord-Ge-
neral ; which was agreed to.

The Commons The Speaker reported, * That, at this Confe-
teceive Advice ofrence, the Houfe of Commons acquainted their Lord-
Prince Rufen's fljips with Letters received from Sir Robert Cook, to
3 *et tnem know that Prince Rupert is within four
Miles of Brijlol, and intends to affault that City :
Upon this the Lord-General intends, To-morrow,
to march out from If^indfor with the whole Army ;
but defires there might be fome Courfe taken to
furnifh and fupply Money and Victuals ; for the
effecting hereof the Houfe of Commons have made
fome Votes, wherein they defire their Lordfhips
Concurrence.

The Votes were read as follow :

1. ' That this Houfe doth approve of the Lord-
General's Refolutions to march, upon Information
that the King's Forces are in Motion ; and that
Thanks be given unto him for his Care of the Safety
of the Kingdom.

2. ' That the Lord Mayor be defined, that a
Common Council be called to meet To-morrow
at Ten o'Clock ; and that a Committee of both
Houfes may go thither ; and that a Supply of Mo-
ney, and other Afliftance, may be propounded and
dellred for the important Service of the Army now
to march.'

Both thefe Votes were agreed to by the Lords.
V ffc Next it was reported, ' That the Houfe of Com-

Houfes in Con-mons nave received fome Letters from the North,
iequence thereof, by which it feems there is fome Difference amongft
the Officers which command in Chief there ; where-
upon the Houfe of Commons have pafled fome
Votes, wherein they defire their Lordfhips Concur-
rence, viz.

I. l That Letters be fent to the Lord-Lieutenants
and Deputy -Lieutenants of the Counties of Lincoln,

Not'

Of ENGLAND. 191

Nottingham, and Derby, to fend what Forces they An. 18. Car. I«
can, with all convenient Speed, to the Lord Fair- l642«

**L « That the Lord Fairfax (hall be defired to go March' '
in Perfon, if he can, with the beft Strength he hath,
to the Aid of Captain Hotham, in the Eaft-Riding of
the County of York ; if not, to fend 1000 Foot at
leaft, or more, if he can fpare them, to oppofe the
Army under the Command of the Earl ofNewca/ilet
and that the Committee for the Safety of the King-
dom do prepare thefe Letters.'

The Lords agreed to both thefe Votes alfo.

March 10. The Lords were informed of a Re- The Queen, oa
port that fome Ships, fet out by the Parliament, hadher Return to
(hot at the Houfe where the Queen lodged, after fae^'^™*™*
had landed at Bridllngton, in Yorkjhire^ and had kil-the Parliament'!
led a Man very near her Majefty. Ships fire upon

Lord Clarendon gives us the following Particulars11"
of this Affair : ' About the Middle of February the
Queen took Shipping from Holland, in a Dutchh/lan
of War, affigned by the Prince of Orange, with
others for her Convoy, and arrived fafely in Brid-
HngtonBay, upon the Coaft ofYorkJhirei where fhe
had the Patience to flay on Shipboard, at Anchor,
the Space of two Days, till the Earl of Newcajlle
had Notice to draw fuch Part of his Forces that
Way, as might fecure her Landing, and wait on,
her to York ; which he no fooner did, (and he did
it with all imaginable Expedition) but her Majefty
came on Shore ; and, for the prefent, was pleafed to
refrefh herfelf in a convenient Houfe upon the very
Key, where all Accommodations were made for her
Reception ; there being many Things of Moment
to be unfhipped before flie could reafonably enter
upon her Journey towards York.

* The fecond Day after the Queen's Landing,
Batten, Vice-Admiral to the Earl of Warwick, (who
had waited to intercept her Paflage) with four of the
King's Ships, arrived in Bridlington Road ; and,
finding that her Majefty was landed, and that £he

lodged

i g 2 'The Parliamentary Hi STORY

An. 18. Car. L lodged upon the Key, bringing his Ships to the*
j64z. neareft Diftance, being very early in the Morning,
difcharged above 100 Cannon, (whereof many were
laden with Crofs-bar Shot, for the Space of two
Hours upon the Houfe where her Majefty was
Jodged ; whereupon fhe was forced out of her Bed,
fome of the Shot making Way through her own
Chamber, and to fhelter herfeH under a Bank in the
open Fields ; which barbarous and treafonable Aft,
fays his Lordfhip, was fo much the more odious, in
that the Parliament never fo far took Notice of it as
to difavow it.'

This laft Circumftance is confirmed by the Lords
Journals, in which we find, That though that Houfe,
upon Information of the above Report, ordered, That
the Earl ^Warwick be defired to examine the Truth
of this Bufinefs, and certify it to their Houfe, when
their Lordftiips would take it into further Confidera-
tion ; yet nothing more was done upon it : But we
are told in the Commons Journals, That it being fuf-
pefted the Ships which brought over the Queen, then
lying before Bridlington, had fome Deiign upon
Hull, a Letter was oideretl to be fent to the Earl
of Warwick to fend fome Ships from his Squadron,
which might prevent any Mifchief from that Quar-
ter. Her Majefty fhortly after removed to

ajefty ar- fork, where fhe had been many Weeks expected,

>ives at York. as appeaj-s by fome Paflages in the laft Letter from
the Lord Fairfax to the Speaker of the Houfe of
Commons.

Both Houfes were employed feveral Days in fra-
ming, a-new, their Articles of Cefiation, on the
Military Plan laid down by the Earl of EJJex and his
chief Officers, and many Alterations and Emenda-
tions were made in them.

March 14. The Commons, at a Conference
this Day, acquainted the Lords with divers Letters
they had received from Briftol, concerning a bloody
Maflacre, as it is termed, intended to have been exe-
cuted

Of ENGLAND. 193

ecuted in that City. The Letters were read, but An. 18. Car. I.
are not entered ; upon Confideration thereof, the
Commons made the following Votes : March.

1. * That a Declaration might pafs from both
Houfes, to fet forth this Confpiracy to the whole
Kingdom.

2. ' That an Ordinance might pafs for the fei-
zing the Eftates of all the Confpirators to be employ-
ed for the Maintenance of the War ; and that they
may be proceeded againft, by Direction of the Lord-
General, according to the Law of Arms.

3. * The next Lord's Day to be appointed for
giving public Thanks in the City, and another Day
throughout the whole Kingdom.'

The Lords agreed to thefe Votes, and a Com-
mittee of both Houfes was appointed to draw up a
Declaration of the FacT:, to be printed and publifli-
ed. A Letter of Thanks was alfo ordered to be fent
down to Brjftol, to the Mayor, Aldermen, and Sol-
diery there, for their careful Service in this Buli-
nefs.

It was not untill this Day, (March 17) after ma-
ny Meflages and Conferences between the Houfes,
and fome Stiffnefs {hewn on both Sides, that the
Articles for a Ceflation were wholly finifhed and
thoroughly agreed to by them. They were then
ordered to be fent to the King by their Commiffion-
ers, with full InftrucYions how to act in this Treaty.
Thefe two Inftruments are of too much Significan-
cy in thefe Enquiries to be omitted. And, firft,
we (hall give the Articles for a Ceflation :

r I ^ H E Lords and Commons in Parliament, TheParliament's

being ftill carried on with a vehement De- * "!cl.es for a
fire of Peace, that fo the Kingdom may fpeedily SJ?Ad3«"Jf
be freed from the Defolation and Deftru&ion the Earl of .E^x.
wherewith it is like to be overwhelmed if the
War mould continue, have, with as much Ex-
pedition as they could, confider'.d of the Articles of
Ceflation, with thofe Alterations and Additions
VOL. XII. N < offered

194 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. * offered by his Majefty, unto which they are read/
i64z. < to agree in fuch Manner as is exprefled in theie
*— — v— — ' ' enfuing Articles, viz.

March. j » 'pnat ajj ]vjanner of Arms, Ammunition,

' Victual, Money, Bullion, and all other Commo-

* dities, pafling without a Safe-Conduct from the
' Generals of both Armies, as well of his Maje-
' fty's as of the Armies raifed by the Parliament,

* may be flayed and feized on, as if no fuch Cefla-
' tion were agreed on at all.

II. ' That all Manner of Perfons, pafling with-

* out fuch a Safe-Conduct as is mentioned in the

* Article next going before, (hall be apprehended

* and detained, as if no fuch Ceflation were agreed
« on at all.

III. « That his Majefty's Forces in Oxfordjhire
' fhall advance no nearer to IVindfor than I'/heatley ;
« and, in Buckingbamjhire, no nearer to Aylejbury
' than Brill ; and that, in Berkjbire, the Forces re-
' fpectively fhall not advance nearer the one to the

* other than they (hall be at the Day to be agreed
' on for the Ceflation to begin : And that the Forces
« of the other Army, raifed by the Parliament, fhall

* advance no nearer to Oxford than Henley, and
4 thofe in Buckingham/hire no nearer to Oxford than
' Aylejbury ; and that the Forces of neither Army

* (hall advance their Quarters nearer to each other

* than they fhall be upon the Day agreed on for the
' Ceflation to begin.

IV. * That the Forces of either Army in Glou-
« cefterjhire, Wilts, and Wales, as likewife in the
« Cities of Glo-uce/ler and Br'iftol, and the Caftle and

* Town of Berkley, fhall be guided by the Rule
« exprefled in the latter Part of the preceding Ar-
« tide.

V. ' That in Cafe it be pretended on either Side,
' that the CefTation is violated, no Act of Hoftility

* is immediately to follow ; but, firft, the Party
' complaining is to acquaint the Lord-General ou
' the other Side, and to allow three Days after No-

* tice given for Satisfaction -t and in Cafe Satisfac-

' tion

Of E N G L A N D.

* tion be not given or accepted, then five Days No- Am 18. Car. I.

* tice to be given before Hoftilities begin ; and the «642-

4 like to be obferved in the remoter Armies by the ^—-—V— -J
4 Commanders in Chief. *arch*

VI. ' That all other Forces in the Kingdom of
4 England and Dominion of IFales, not before men-
4 tioned, fhall remain in the fame Quarters and
4 Places as they are at the Time of the publishing

* of this CefTation, and under the fame Conditions
' as are mentioned in the Articles before : And that
4 thisCefiation fhall not extend to reftrain the fetting
4 forth, or employing of, any Ships for the Defence
4 of his Majefty's Dominions.

Vlf. ' That as foon as his Majeftv (ball be plea-

* fed to difband the Armies, which both Houfes
4 earneftly defire may be fpeedily effected, and to

* difarm the Papifts according to Law ; the Sub-

* jecSts may then enjoy the Benefit of Peace in the

* Liberty of their Perfons, Goods, and Freedom

* of Trade; in the mean Time, the Generals and

* Commanders of the Armies of both Sides fhall
4 be enjoined to keep the Soldiers from plundering ;

* which the two Houfes of Parliament have ever

* difliked and forbidden.

4 And for the fpeedy fettling of this fo much de-
c fired Peace, they have thought good to fend their

* Committees with Inftru&ions, That, if his Ma-
4 jefty be pleafed to confent to a Cefiation, fo limit-
4 ed and qualified, they may forthwith proceed to
4 treat upon the Propofitions; and becaufe the Time
4 is fo far elapfed in thefe Preparations, they defire

* the Ceflation may begin the 25th of this inftant
4 March, or fooner if it may be ; and, in the mean
4 Time, Notice to be given to all the Forces in the
4 feveral and remote Parts ; and the Commanders,
4 Officers, and Soldiers are enjoined to obierve this
4 Cefiation accordingly ; to which they hope and
4 pray that God will give fuch a Blefling, that

* thereupon Peace, Safety, and Happinefs may be

* produced and confirmed to his Maiefty and all his
4 People.'

N 2 IN-

196 7$£ Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I. INSTRUCTIONS, agreed on by the LORDS and CoM"

V_ \^j MONS> *n Parliament^ fsr Algernoon Earl cf

March. Northumberland, William Lord Vifcount Say

and Sele, William Pierpoint, Efq-> Sir William

Armyn, Bart. Sir John Holland, Bart, and

Bulftrode Whitlocke, Efq\ Committees appointed

to attend his Majejty upon the Proportions made by

his Majefty to the Parliament, and likewife upon

the other Proportions humbly prefented from them

to his Majejly.

Their Inftmc- I. ' T7" O U fhall prefent to his Majefty the Ar-
tionstotheCom- < tides agreed on for the Ceflation of Arms,

S^ftSS' humbl7 defiring his Majefty to ratify and confirm
'• the fame under the Great Seal ; which being ob-
' tained, you are to fend it up to the Parliament
' with all poflible Speed ; and fhall likewife befeech
' the King to difpatch away MefTengers to the Gene-
' rals, Commanders, and Soldiers of all his Armies
' and Forces, with a ftricl Command and Injunc-
' tion, that they obferve thofe Articles of Ceflation,
' according as they are agreed upon ; as the two
' Houfes likewife intend to give the like Direction
' to the Lord-General of the Armies raifed for

* their Defence.

II. * After his Majefty hath declared and ratified

* the Ceflation, you (hall then proceed to the Treaty,
« beginning with the firft Propofition on his Maje-
4 fty's Behalf, concerning his Majefty's own Reve-
' nue, his Magazines, Towns, Forts, and Ships,
' and thereunto make this Anfwer :

« You {hall declare, That the two Houfes of Par-
' liament have not made Ufe of his Majefty's own
' Revenue, but in a very fmall Proportion ; which,
' for a good Part, hath been employed in the Main-
' tenance of his Majefty's Children, according to
'the Allowance eftablifhed byhimielf; and they
' will fatisfy what fhall remain due to his Majefty
c of thofe Sums received out of his Majefty's own

* Revenues, and (hall leave the' fame to his Ma-
' jefty for the Time to come. And you like-

* wife

Of E N G L A N D. 197

c wife fhall propound to his Majefty, That he will An.
e reftore what hath been taken for his Ufe, upon
4 any of the Bills afligned to other Purpofes by feve-
4 ral Acts of Parliament, or out of the Provifion
4 made for the War of Ireland :

4 That they will remove the Garrifons out of all
c Towns and Forts in their Hands, wherein there
4 were no Garrifons before thefe Troubles, and
4 flight all P'ortifications made fince that Time ;
' which Towns and Forts, it is to be agreed on both
4 Parts, fhall continue in the fame Condition they
4 were in before ; and that thofe Garrifons fhall not
4 be renewed, nor the Fortifications repaired, with-
4 out Confent of his Majefty, and both Houfes of
4 Parliament :

4 That for thofe Towns and Forts which are
'within the Jurifdidtion of the Cinque-Ports, they
4 fhall be delivered up into the Hands of fuch a Noble
4 Perfon-as his Majefty fhall appoint to be Warden

* of the Cinque-Ports, being fuch a one as they fhall
4 confide in :

4 That the Town of Portfmouth fhall be reduced
4 to the Number of the Garrifon, as was at the
4 Time when the Lords and Commons undertook
4 the Cuftody thereof : And fuch other Forts,
4 Caftles, and Towns as were formerly kept by
6 Garrifons, as have been taken by them into their
4 Care and Cuftody fince the Beginning of thefe
4 Troubles, fhall be reduced to fuch Proportion of

* Garrifon as they had in the Year 1636, and
4 fhall be fo continued : And that all the faid Towns,
4 Forts, and Caftles fhall be delivered up into the
4 Hands of fuch Perfons of Quality and Truft, to
4 be likewifc nominated by his Majefty, as the two
4 Houfes fhall confide in :

* That the Warden of the Cinque-Ports, and all
4 Governors and Commanders of Towns, Caftles,
4 and Forts, fhall keep the fame Towns, Caftles,

* and Forts refpeclively, for the Service of his Ma-
4 jefty and the Safety of the Kingdom ; and that

* they fhall not admit into any of them any foreign
x Forces raifed without hisMajefty's Authority and

N 3 ' *'Con-

198 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. i.« Confent of the two Houfes of Parliament; and they

j64~- c {ha]i ufe their uttermoft Endeavours to. fupprefs

March ' a" Forces whatfoever, raifed without fuch Au-

' thority and Confent; and they fhall feize all

* Arms and Ammunition provided for any fuch
« Forces :

* That the Ships fhall be delivered into the
« Charge of fuch a Noble Perfon as his Majefty fhall

* nominate to be Lord High-Admiral of England^

* and the two Houfes of Parliament confide in j

* who fhall receive the fame Office by Letters Pa-

* tent quamdiu bene fe gefferit ; and fhall have
' Power to nominate and appoint all fubordinate
f Commanders and Officers, and have all other

* Powers appertianing to the OfHce of High- Admi-

* ral; which Ships he fhall employ for the De-
^ fence of the Kingdom againft all foreign Forces

* whatfoever, and for the Safeguard of Merchants,
' fecuring of Trade, the guarding of Ireland^ and
« the intercepting of all Supplies to be carried to

* the Rebels ; and fhall ufe his uttermoft Endea-

* vour to fupprefs all Forces which fhall be raifed

* by any Perfon without his M.yefty's Authority,
' and Confent of the Lords and Commons in Par-

* liamcnt ; and fhall feizc all Anns and Ammu-

* nition provided for Supply of any fuch Forces :
' That all the Arms and Ammunition, taken out

* of his Majefty's Magazines, which fhall remain
« in their Hands, fhall be delivered into his Stores;

* and whatfoever fhail be wanting, they will, in,
« convenient Time, fupply in Kind, according to

* the Proportions which they have received ; and

* that the Perfons, to whofe Charge thofe public

* Magazines fhall be committed, being nominated

* by his Majelrv, &a!J be fuch as the Lords and
' Commons fhall confide in. And you fhall pro-
' pound to his Majefty, That he will reftore all
6 fuch Arms and Ammunition as have been taken

* for his Ufe, from the leveral Counties, Cities,

* and Towns.

111. ' To the Propcfition made by the two
' Houles, concerning the Difbanding of the Ar-

Of E ISPfe LAND. 199

4 mles, you (hall humbly define his Majefty'sAn. 18. Car

* fpeedy and pofitive Anfwer ; unto which if he
' (hall be pleafed to give hii Affent, you (hall then
' beleech his Majefty, in the Name of both Houfes,
' that a near Day may be agreed upon for the Dif-

* banding all the Forces in the remote Parts of
' TCorkJktret and the other Northern Counties ; as
' alfo in Lancajhire^ Chejbire^ and in the Domi-
' nion of fi^ales^ and in Cornwall and Devon/hire ;
' and they being fully difbanded, another Day

* may be agreed on for the difbanding of all

* Forces in Lincolnjhire^ Nottinghamjhire^ Lei-

* ceftcrflnre, and all other Places, except at Oxford
' and the Quarters thereunto belonging, and Wind-
f fer and the Quarters thereunto belonging; and
' that, laft of all, a fpeedy Day be appointed for
' the Difbanding thofe two Armies at Oxford and

* Windfory and all the Forces Members of either of
' them :

' That fome Officers of both Armies may fpee-

* dily meet to agree of the Manner of the Difband-
' ing; and that fit Perfons may be appointed by
' his Majefty and the Parliament, who may re-
' pair to the feveral Armies, and fee the Difband-
' ing put in fpeedy Execution accordingly :

* That his Majefty do likewife remove the Gar-
4 rifons out of Newca/Ue, and all other Towns,
' Caftles, and Forts, where any Garrifons have

* been placed by him fince thefe Troubles ; and

* that the Fortifications be likewife flighted, and
4 the Towns and Forts left in fuch State and Con-

* dition as they were in the Year 1636 : And

4 That all other Towns, Forts, and Caftles,

* where there have been formerly Garrifons before

* thefe Troubles, be committed to the Charge of
' fuch Perfons, to be nominated by his Majefty,

* as the Parliament fhall confide in, and under

* fuch Inftructions as are formerly mentioned.

IV. < That if his Majefty (hall be pleafed to af-

* fent to* thefe Propofitions, concerning the Towns,

* Forts, Caftles, Magazines, and Ships, that then

1 his

2oo *Tbe Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.* his Majefty be humbly intreated to name Per-

1641. < fons Of Quality to receive the Charge of the fe-

March ~' ' veral Offices and Forts, Caftles and Towns, to

* be forthwith certified to the two Houfes of Par-
4 liament, that thereupon they may exprefs their
' Confidence in thofe Perfons, or humbly befeech
' his Majefty to name others ; none of which Per-

* fons (hall be removed during three Years next

* enfuing, without juft Caufe, to be approved by

* Parliament \ and if any be fo removed, or (hall
' die within the faid Space, the Perfon to be put

* into the fame Office ihall be fuch as both Houfes

* fhall confide in :

' That all Generals and Commanders in any of
' the Armies, on either Side, as likewife the Lord-
' Admiral of England, the Lord-Warden of the
' Ciaque-PyrtSj al' Commanders of any Ships, and
' Commanders of any Town, Caftle, or Fort,

* fhall take an Oath to obferve thefe Articles afore-
' mentioned ; and to ufe their uttermoft Power to

* preferve the true Reformed Proteftant Religion,

* and the Peace of the Kingdom, againll all fo-

* reign Force, and all other Forces raifed without

* his Majefty's Authority and Confent of the two

* Houfes of Parliament.

V. « You ihall move his Majefty, That, for the
< better Difpatch of the Treaty, and the free Inter-

* courfe of Inftru&ions and Advertifements betwixt

* the two Houfes of Parliament and the Commit-

* tee, that there may be a free Pafs of Meficngers

* to and from the Parliament and the Committees,
c without Search or Interruption ; and his Majefty's
« Safe-Conduct to be obtained to that Effect, to

* fuch Perfons as are, or ihall be, appointed for

* that Service, viz. Mr. John RujJyLvortb, Mr. Mi"

* cbael Welden, Mr. John Corbet of Gray's Inn,
4 and Mr. James Standijh'

Nothing elfe intervening worth our Notice, we
{hall go on with an Account of the Intelligence
fent from the Cormifiioners, now at Oxford, to

Parlia-

Of E N G L A N D. 201

Parliament. And, this Day, March 23, the LordsAn. 18. Car. I.
read a Letter from the Earl of Northumberland in l64*«
thefe Words : *~Z?T*

March.

To the Right Honourable the Earl of Manche/ler9
Speaker of the Houfe of Peers pro Tempore.

My Lord,

/IS foon as we came hither, between four ^Letters from that
"^ five o'Clock in the Afternoon, we fent to know his omn
Majejly's Pleafure when we Jhould wait on him, who
commanded us presently to attend him, which we
did in the Garden at Chrift-Church ; where I read
ike Articles for the Cejfation, and we humbly prefented
them to the King, who read the Title of them him-
felf, and faidy There was a Difference in them
from the Articles which he fent to both Houfes ;
and told us, before he fliould be many Hours older,
he would give his Anfwer to them ; whereof 1 Jhall
fend your Lordjhips a fpeedy and faithful Account t as
foon as we Jhall receive it.

Your Lordfhip's

Oxford, March 19,

'64*. Moft humble Servant,

A. NORTHUMBERLAND.

Befides the foregoing, there was another Letter
from this Earl, of a later Date, read the fame Day,
directed as before, and was to this Effect:

My Lord,

CT'HIS Afternoon my Lord Falkland and Mr. St-
-* cretary Nicholas came to us, with a MeJJage
from his Majefty, to know Whether, in cafe he
would not agree to the Articles of CefTation, in
Terminis, that we had any Commiflion to proceed
in the Treaty upon the Proportions ? / anjwered^
We had not.

The Council have met often, and fat long, fmce
the Delivery of the Articles of Ce/ation. Air.

May

202 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. L May /Off* ta> u< from his Majefly^ and faid be war
*^' ftnt with a MeJJage to both Houfes of Parliament ;
. • «7*T tkt Contents he was commanded to let us kn;w^
which were* That his Majefty defired free Trade
with the Limitations he formerly fent •, and that
there might be a Cefiation by Sea as well as by
Land. That, becaufe there might be a Mif-
underftanding of Expreflions. we might have Power
to treat on the Articles of CefTation j if not, That
the Treaty, upon the Proportions, might go on
without a CeiTation ; and that all Prifoners taken
in War, except Officers, might be fet at Liberty.
This is the Information he gave us ; for the pre/ent I
have no further Account to give to your Lord/trip^ but
that I am

Your Lordfhip's

Qxford, March iz,

164*. Humble Servant,

A. NORTHUMBERLAND.

Thefe Letters being produced at a Conference,
they were found to correfpond, verbatim, with
others the Commons had received from their Com-
inifiioners at Oxford. At this Conference, alfo, a
Letter was read, directed to the Speaker of the
Houfe of Lords, from the Lord Falkland^ in which
was inclofed a Mefiage from the King, to both
Houfes, concerning the Ceflation, dated at Oxford,
March 22, in thefe Words .

CHARLES R.

The King's Ex- « TTT I S Majefty hath immediately, upon their
cept :;ons to the , I I Arrival, admitted the Committee fent to

Parliament's 1 ft £ J»- -»-r V rr r r n i / u

Articles of Ccf- mm 'rom o°tn Houfes of Parliament, (as the
(ation. * MelTengers of Peace) to his Royal Preftnce, and

' receiv'd the Articles of Ceflation brought by them ;
' which are, in Effect, the fame his Mjjeiry former-
' ly exceptcd to, though their Expreffion in the
' Preface to thefe Articles, of their Readinefs to
' agree to thofc Alterations and Additions offered

4 bv

* Of E N G L A N D. 203

* by his Majefty, in fuch Manner as is exprcfled, An. iS.Car. I.

* made him expeft to have found, at leaft, fome of

* the real Alterations and Additions made by him

* admitted ; which he doth not difcover.

I. « His Majefty defired, That Provifion might

* be made, and Licence given to his good Subjects,
'for their Freedom of Trade^ Trafficky and Com-'
f mercet (tho', in Matters which concerned him-

* felf more immediately, as in Arms, Ammunition,

< Money, Bullion, and Victuals for the Ufe of

* his Army, and the Paflage of all Officers and
« Soldiers of his Army, he is contented the Re-

* ftraint mould be in fuch Manner as was propofed)

* of which his Majefty is fo tender, that as he hath

* provided for the fame by his gracious Proclama-
« tions, fo he doth daily releafe and difcharge fuch
4 Merchandize and Commodities as are, contrary

* to thofe Proclamations, flayed by any of his Ma-
' jefty's Forces.

6 To this Freedom and Liberty of his good Sub-

* je£ts, there is not the leaft Admiffion given by
' thefe Articles ; fo that they have not any Eafe or

* Benefit by this Cefiation ; which his Majefty

* defires both Houfes to confider of; and whether,

* if his Majefty mould take the fame Courfe to flop

* and interrupt the Trade of the Kingdom, as the
' other Army doth, a general Lofs and Calamity
4 would not feize upon his good Subjects?

II. ' His Majefty, to the End that a full, Cefla-
' tion might be as well at Sea as at Land, and he

< might be fecured that the Ships, propofed to be

* fet forth for the Defence of his Majefty's Do-

* minions, mail be employed only to that End

* and Purpofe, defired, That they might be put un-
f der the Command of Perform to be approved of by

* his Majefty \ which is not confented to by thefe

* Articles ; but their former, to which his Majefty

* excepted, ftri&ly and entirely infifted on ; by
' which (befides that Part of Hoftility remains)
' the Conveying of any Number of Forces from one

* Part to any other, by that Means, remains free

* to them.

The Parliamentary HISTORY

c por tne Prevention of any Inconveniences
which might arife upon real Differences, or Mi-
March/ ' ftakes upon Latitude of Expreffion ; (as if his Ma-
' jefty fhould now confent to thefe Articles propo-
' fed, in the Terms propofed, he muft confefs
' the Army, of which he complains, to be raifed by
' the Parliament ; and either himfelf to be no Part

* of the Parliament, or himfelf to have raifed that
' Army) and for Prevention of that Delay which
c he forefaw could not otherwife be avoided, if,
' upon every Difference, the Queftion muft be re-
' mitted to London, his Majefty defired, That the
c Committee^ for whom he then lent a Safe-Conduit,
' might have Liberty to debate any fuch Difference

* and ExpreJJions^ and reconcile the fame , that all pof-
' fible Expedition might be tifed to the main Treaty.

' In this Point of fo high Concernment, no

* Power is given in thefe Articles; and the Com-
' mittee confeffed to his Majefty they have no
' Power given, but are ftri&ly and precifcly bound
' to the very Words of the Articles now fent; and

* that before thefe are confented to by us, they
' cannot enter into any Treaty concerning the other
' Proportions.

« IV. « His Majefty defired, That, during the
€ CeJJation) none of his good Subjects might be im-
' prifoned, otherwife than according to the known Laws

* of the Land.

* This is in no Degree confented to ; but the
' Privilege and Liberty, to which they were born,

* referved from them till the difbanding of both
' Armies, though they are no Part of either Army j
' and fo have no Benefit by this Cefiation.

V. * His Majefty defired, That, during this Cef-
' fation, there Jhiuld be no Plundering or Violence
' offered to any of his Subjects.

' In the Ar.fwer to which, his Defire againft

* Violence is not at all taken Notice of, nor is his
4 Defire againft Plundering anywife fatisfied ; his
' Majefty, not only intending by it the robbing of
' the Subject by* the Unrulinefs of the uncom-

* manded Soldier (which their Claufe of requiring

* the

Of E N G L A N D. 205

* the Generals and Officers to keep them from it An. 18. Car. I.

* feems to imply ; and the Aflertion, That the two l64^»

* Houfes of Parliament had ever dijliked and for- L »7*T ^
' bidden zV, declares plainly to be their only

' Meaning ;) but particularly the Violence and Plun-
1 derings ufed to his Subjects, by forcibly taking
' away their Goods for not fubmitting to Impofi-
' tions and Taxes required from them by Orders or
' Ordinances of one or both Houfes of Parliament,
« which are contrary to the known Laws of the

* Land.

VI. ' Befides, that there is no Confent given to

* thofe Alterations and Additions offered by his
' A4ajefty, whatfoever is pretended ; for where an
4 abfolute Confent may be fuppofed, becaufe the
' very Words of his Majefty's Article are wholly

* preferved, yet, by reafon of the Relation to fome-

* what going before that is varied by them, the Senfe
' of thofe Words is wholly varied too ; as in the
4 fourth Article, where the Part of the third Article,
' to which that did refer, is wholly left out : So

* that, upon the Matter, all the Propofitions made

* by his Majefty, which did not in Terms agree

* with thofe presented to him, are utterly rejected.

* For thefe Reafons, and that this Entrance to-
e wards a blefled Peace and Accommodation, which

* hath already filled the Hearts of the Kingdom
' with Joy and Hope, may be improved to the

* wifhed End, his Majefty defires, That the Com-

* mittee now fent may fpeedily have Liberty to

* treat, debate, and agree upon the Articles of

* Ceffation ; in which they and all the World {hall
' find that his Majefty is lefs felicitous for his
c own Dignity and Greatnefs, than for his Subjects

* Eafe and Liberty : And he doubts not, upon fuch
4 a Debate, all Differences concerning the Celfation

* will be eafily and fpeedily agreed upon ; and the

* Benefit of a CefTation be continued and confirmed
' to his People by a fpeedy difbanding of both
' Armies, and a fudden and firm Peace, which his

* Majefty above all Things defires.

'If

2o6 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. 1. * If this fo reafonable, equal, and juft Defird

i64z. < of his Majefty fhall not be yielded unto, but

^-~-v~—J ' the fame Articles ftill infifted upon : Though his

Much. ( jyiajefly^ next to Peace, deiires a Ceffation ; yet,

' that the not Agreeing upon the one may not

* deftroy the Hopes of, nor fo much as delay, the
' other, he is willing however to treat (even \vith-
' out a Ceflation, if that be not granted) upon the

* Propofitions thcmfelves, in that Order as is agreed
' upon, and dehres the Committee here may be
' enabled to that Effect ; in which Treaty he {hall

* give all his Subjeds that Satisfaction, That if
4 any Security to enjoy all tht Rights, Privileges,
' and Liberties due to them' by the Law; or that
' Happinefs in Church and State, which the beft

* Times have feen ; with fuch farther Acts of Grace
' as may agree with his Honour, Juftice, and Duty
' to. his Crown, and as may not render him lefs
' abte to protect his Subjects according to his Oath,

* will fatisfy them, he is confident, in the Mercy

* of God, that no more precious Blood of this
' Nation .will be thus miferably fpent.'

Resolutions of March 24. Another Conference was held about
both Honies at tn|s Affair ; the Effect of which was, That the
Houfe of Commons communicated to the Lords
fome Refolutions, which they had made concern-
ing the King's laft Meffage ; wherein there was
an Offer to treat upon the Propofitions, in cafe the
Ceffatinn was not agreed on, to which they defired
their Lordfliips Concurrence. The Refolutions
were as follow :

1. ' That the Committee at Oxford fhall have
Power to treat and debate with his Majefty upon
the two firft Propofitions, according to their In-
ftrucYions, for four Days after the Day of the Re-
ceipt of this Meffage, notwithfhnding that the
Ceffation be not yet agreed upon.

2. *That the' Committee, formerly appointed
to prepare the Articles of Ceffation and Inftrudlions
for the Committee at Oxford^ fhall confider of

an

Of E N G L A N D. 207

an Anfwer to be made to his Majefty's MeflageAa. 18. Car.
this Day received ; and lilcewife prepare Reafons l64z
to be fent to the Committee, for them to prefs the
Treaty, and debate the former Articles of Gela-
tion ; and to fhew his Majefty the Grounds
why the Houfes cannot depart from thofe former
Articles.'

For the prefent, they thought proper to fend the
following Meflage to his Majefty ; and the Addi-
tional Inftruclions to their Commifiioners. And firft
the Meflage.

May it pleafe your Majefty ,

< TT7-E your loyal Subjeas, the Lords and Thei
« W Commons in Parliament, having recei-

* ved a MefTage from your Majefty, in which you

* are pleafed to exprefs yourfelf not to be fatisfied

* with the Articles of Ceffation, prefented unto you
' by our Committee now attending you at Oxford^
' and yet a Signification of your Majefty's Wil-
' lingnefs to treat upon the Proportions themfelves,
' even without a Ceflation ; do, with all Humble-
8 nefs, give our Confent that our Committee fhall
6 have Power to treat and debate with your Maje-
' fty upon the two firft Proportions according to
' their Inftruclions, for four Days after the Day
' of the 'Receipt of this Meflage, notwithftanding

* that the Ceflation be not yet agreed upon ;-that,
' as much as in us lies, there may be no Delay in
' the Proceedings for the obtaining of a blefled
' Peace, and the healing up the mHerable Breaches
' of this diftra&ed Kingdom ; and do purpofe to

* reprefent, very fpeedily, unto your Majefty, thofe

* juft Reafons and Grounds upon which we have

* found it neceflary to defire of your Majefty a

* Ceflation, fo qualified as that is ; whereby we
' hope you will receive fuch Satisfaction, as that
'you will be pleafed to afient unto it; and, be-

* ing obtained, we aflure ourfelves it will be moft
' effectual to the Safety of the Kingdom ; and
' that Peace, which, with fo much Zeal and loyal

« Affec-

2o8 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 18. Car. I.* Affection to your RoyaJ Perfon, and in a deep
l64l- ' Senfe of the bleeding Condition of this poor
*-77v~ ' ' Kingdom, we humbly beg of your Majefty's Tu-
March' « ftice and Goodnefs'

The Additional Inftru&ions were as follow :
My Lord a and Gentlemen,

™ are

theii Committee. tte" UP t° a Circumjlance of Time, and are not

to proceed unto the Treaty upon the Propojitions, un-
til! the CeJJlition of Arms be firjl agreed upon : You
are now authorized and required, as you may per-
ceive by the Votes of both Houfes which you Jhall
herewith receive, to treat and debate with his Ma-
jefty upon the two firjl Proportions, according to thofe
Jnjlruftions, for four Days after the Day of the Re-
ceipt hereof, notwithftanding that the Cejjation be not
agreed upon.

Your Lordfhip's moft humble Servant,

March *4, MANCHESTER,

l6*2' Speaker of the Houfe of Peers

pro Tempore.

Thus ends the legal Year 1642, with a diftant
Profpedl of Peace ; but, however pleafmg the Idea
of it was to fome, and we believe much the greater
Part of the Kingdom, yet there were not wanting
thofe, who, for their own private Ends, fpared no
Pains to change it into much more Blood and Slaugh-
ter than had, hitherto, happened in thefe diftra<5l-
ed Times. We may imagine that fuch Members
of the Commons, concerned in making an Order
of that Houfe, on the twenty-fourth of this Month,
to forbid the Tower Guns to be fired on the 27th,
the Anniverfary of the King's Acceflion, under Pre-
tence of the Expence of Powder, and of hinder-

ing

a The Reafon of this Addrefs being My Lard, and not My Lord*'
vras becaufe the Lord Say did not go ; and the Houfe, left they fliould
be thought to countenance the King's Objection, would' not appoint
mother in his Stead.

Of E N G L A N D. 209

Ing the great Concourfe of People, were of An. 19. Car. I.
the latter Sort: And indeed this Order feems to
have been clandeftinely obtained j for, the next
Day, March 25, a Motion being made and the
Queftton put, V/hether Liberty fliould be giv^n
'to fpeak againft. the laid Order;1 The Houle di-
vided, and it was carried in the Ainrmative, 61
againft «:6. What the Soeeches were, *r<? and Rcraarkable

t-f-^r i r Voles as to ob-

cont on this Occalion, v/e know not; but, loon^^^g t]ieAn-
after, another Qucilion was put, Whether theniverfary of ihe
Order made, conceining the firing and difchargingKins's Accef-
the Guns of the Tower and Tower-Hill, fhould befion'
revoked? This alfo pafTed affirmatively by a greater
Majority, 75 againft 57 : Whereby the Honour
of the Hotile w^s laved againft a very great Inftance
of ill Manners, or rather Difloyalty, in thofe who
had procured the above-mentioned Order.

The Tellers on this remarkable Occafion were,
on the iirft Queflion, Mr. Holies and Sir Peter
IVenfvuortb) with the Yeas ; Sir Robert Harley
and Sir Neviie Poole, with the Noes. And, up-
on the fecond Queftion, Mr. Holies and Sir John
Evelyn, with the Yeas j Sir Walter Erie and Mr.
Strode, with the Noes.

At the Opening of the Year 1643, the Eyes of
a bleeding and miferable Nation were all turned to
the Treaty at Oxford^ but to very Jittle Purpofe ;
for, fo far from any real Advantage being gain'd by
it, Matters were left in the fame, or_'a worfe Situation
than before.

To fhew- how little Defire many of the HoufeAndDivifioni
cf Commons had to bring this Treaty to a peace- relating to the
able Conclufion, we {hall mention the following JTjJ'-y at Ox"
Inftances. — When the King defired the Commit '
fioners to get the Time, prefcribed for the Treaty,
enlarged, which was voted in the Lower Houfe on
the firft of April, it was carried for the Enlarge-
ment, by the fmall Majority of 62 againft 56. And
it being refolved, on that Vote, to give further
Time to Friday the feventh of April, for the Trea-
ty, the Queftion was as;ain put, Whether that

VOL. XII. O Day

2io T^be Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. Day was concluded in this Term ? and it
^*^ll^f in the Affirmative by yet a fmaller Majority, 57
April. againft 54. Two Days after, April 3, another
Queftion was ftarted, Whether, if the Commif-
fioners received no pofttive Anfwer from the King,
to the two firft Propofitions, by Friday Night, they
ifaould come away on Saturday ? The Houfe again
divided, when 54 were for the Queftion, and 41
againft it. But this laft Order was, foon afterr
revoked, and the Time enlarged to the Saturday
following. So that, it is plain, near one Half of
the Houfe, then prefent, were for knocking the
Treaty down at once ; and, 'tis too probable, were
really againft any Treaty at all. It fhews alfo to
what a low Ebb the Houfe of Commons was therv
reduced, that, even at this critical Conjuncture,
fcarcely one fifth Part of the Members were pre-
fent : The Reafons for which, being fet forth in the
Beginning of this Volume, we pafs over without
further Remark.

We have already given the Initial Forms for
the conftituting this Treaty : What followed, as it
takes up many Pages in the Journals, and is exact-
ly printed in Rujbworth's and fftt/bands's Colleflionsy
and in the Pamphlets publifhed, both by the King
and Parliament, at that Time, we pafs over ; and
fhall content ourfelves with the Account of this un-
fuccefsful Negotiation, as drawn up by thofe two
Contemporary Oppofites, the Earl of Clarendon and
Mr. Whitlocke\ the former of whom was, at this
Time, attending the King's Service at Oxford; and
the other employed, as himfelf tells us, by his Bro-
ther- Commiflioners, in drawing up ail their Papers
to the King, which were afterwards tranfcrib'd by
their Secretaries. -- And, firft, Lord Clarendon.

"V TT T

W

HEN the Treaty was firft consented to by
the two Houfes, they ordered that it

the King and the fhou Id be upon the firft Propofition made by his
Commiffioncrs Majefty, and the firft Propofition made by them-
^r"* felves ; and that thofe fliould be firft concluded on,

before they proceeded to treat upon any of the

other

Of E N G L A N D. 211

bther Propofitions : So that the Committee, in the An. TO. Car. I.
firft Place, applied themfelves to his Majefty, upon l643-
his own firft Propofition, which was, That his own U~~VT"""'
Revenue, Magazines, Towns, Forts, and Skips,
which bad been taken or kept from him by Force,
Jhould be forthwith rejlored to him. To which the
Committee anfvvered, ' That the two Houfes had

* made ufe of his Majefty's own Revenue but in a
4 very fmall Proportion, which in a good Part had

* been employed in the Maintenance of his Chil-
4 dren, according to the Allowance eftablifhed by
c himfelf : And the Houfes would fatisfy what
c {hould remain due to his Majefty of thofe Sums
4 which they had received ; and would leave the

* fame to him for the Time to come. And they
4 defired likewife, that his Majefty would reftore

* what had been taken for his Ufe upon any of the

* Bills, afiigned to other Purpofes by feveral Acts

* of Parliament, or out of the Provifion made for
1 the War of Ireland: That all the Arms and
4 Ammunition, taken out of his Magazines, {hould
4 be delivered into his Stores, and whatfoever {hould
4 be wanting they would fupply in Kind, according
4 to the Proportions they had received ; but they
4 propofed the Perfons, to whofe Charge thofe public
4 Magazines {hould be committed, being nominated
4 by his Majefty, might be fuch as the two Houfes of
4 Parliament might confide in j and that his Majefty
4 would reftore all fuch Arms and Ammunition, as
4 had been taken for his Ufe, from the feveral
4 Counties, Cities, and Towns.

4 That the two Houfes would remove the Gar-
4 rifons out of all Towns and Forts in their Hands,
4 wherein there were no Garrifons before thefe
4 Troubles, and flight all Fortifications made fince
4 that Time, and thofe Towns and Forts to con-

* tinue in the fame Condition they were in before;
4 and that thofe Garrifons {hould not be renewed,
4 or the Fortifications repaired, without Confent
4 of his Mv.jefty, and both Houfes of Parliament :
4 That the Towns and Forts, which were within
4 the Jurifdictiun of the Cinque-Poits, {hould be

O 2 *c!e-

212 'The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.< delivered into the Hands of fuch a Noble Perfon

< as the King fhould appoint to be Warden of the
' Cinque-Ports, being fuch a one as they fhould
' confide in : That Portfmoutk fhould be reduced

* to the Number of the Garrifon, as was at that
' Time when the Lords and Commons undertook

* the Cuftody of it ; and that all other Forts,
' Caftles, and Towns, in which Garrifons had

* been kept, and had been, fince the Beginning of

* thefe Troubles, taken into their Care and Cufto-

* dy, fhould be reduced to the fame Ettablifhment

< they had in the Year 1636, and fhould be fo con-

* tinued ; and that all thofe Towns, Forts, and
« Catties fhould be delivered up into the Hands of

* fuch Perfons of Quality and Truft, to be like wife

* nominated by his Majefty, as the two Houfcs

* fhould confide in : That the Warden of the Cinque-
' Ports, and all Governors and Commanders of
« Towns, Caftles, and Forts, fhould keep the fame

* Towns, Caftles, and Forts, refpeftively, for the
c Service of his Majefty, and the Safety of the

* Kingdom j and that they fhould not admit into
« them any foreign Forces, or any other Forces

* raifed without his Majefty's Authority, and Con-
' fent of the two Houfes of Parliament ; and they
' fhould ufe their utmoft Endeavour to fupprefs all
c Forces whatfoever raifed without fuch Authority

* and Confent ; and they fliould feize all Arms and
' Ammunition provided for any fuch Forces.

« They likewife propofed to the King, that he

* would remove the Garrifon out of Newcajlle^
' and all other Towns, Caftles, and Forts where
' any Garrifons had been placed by him fince thefe
•Troubles; and that the Fortifications might be
' likewife flighted, and the Towns and Forts left
« in fuch State as they were in the Year 1636;
c and that all other Towns and Caftles in his
c Hands, wherein there had been formerly Garri-
' fons, might be committed to fuch Perfons, no-
' minated by him, as the Houfes fhould confide
' in, and under fuch Instructions as were formerly
' mentioned j and that the new Garrifons fhould

« net

Of* ENGLAND. 313

c not be renewed, or the Fortifications repaired, An. 19. Car. f.
4 without the Confent of the King and both Houfes l6^'
<• of Parliament : That the Ships fhould be deli- V"~^Jp""1
4 vered into the Charge of fuch a Noble Perfon as

* the King fhould nominate to be Lord High-Ad-
•' miral of England, and the two Houfes confide

* in ; who fhould receive that Office by Letters
4 Patent, quamdiu fe bene geflerit, and fhould have
4 Power to nominate and appoint all fubordinate
' Commanders and Officers, and have all other
c Powers appertaining to the Office of High-Ad-
4 miral ; which Ships he fhould employ for the
4 Defence of the Kingdom, againft all foreign

* Forces whatfoever, and for the Safeguard of

* Merchants, Securing of Trade, the Guarding
' of Ireland, and the Intercepting of all Supplies

* to be carried to the Rebels ; and fhould ufe

* his utmoft Endeavours to fupprefs all p'orces
' which fhould be raifed by any Perfon without his

* Majefty's Authority, and Confent of the Lords

* and Commons in Parliament; and fhould feize
4 all Arms and Ammunition provided for Supply
' of any fuch Forces.

4 To this Anfwer, by which they required, at
1eaft, to go whole Sharers with him in his Sove-
reignty, the King replied, ' That he knew not
4 what Proportion of his Revenue had been made
' Ufe of by his two Houfes, but he had Reafon to
4 believe, if much of it had not been ufed, very

* much remained flUl in their Hands ; his whole

* Revenue being fo flopped and feized on, by the
6 Orders of one or both Houfes, even to the taking

* of his Money out of his Exchequer and Mint,
4 and Bonds forced from his Cofferer's Clerk, for

* the Provifions of his Houfhold, that very little
4 had come to his Ufe for his own Support ; but
4 he would be well contented to allow whatfoever

* had been employed in the Maintenance of his
4 Children, and to receive the Arrears due to him-
4 felf, and to be fure of his own for the future.
4 He was I ike wife willing to reftore all Monies ta-

* ken for his Ufe, by any Authority from him, up-

03 'on

2 1 4 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Car. H on anv BjHs affigncd to other Purpofes, being

f afiur'd he had received very little, or nothing, that

iT * Way : And he expected, likewife, that Satisfac-

* tion fhould be made by them for all thofe feveral
' vaft Sums received and diverted to other Pur-
' pofes, by Orders of one or both Houies, which

* ought to have been paid, by the Act of Pacifi-

* cation, to his Subjects of Scotland, or employed
c for the Difcharge of the Debts of the Kingdom ;

* or, by other A6ts of Parliament, for the Relief of

* his poor Proteftant Subjects in Ireland.

' For what concerned his Magazines; he was
' content that all the Arms and Ammunition,
' taken out of his Magazines, which did re-

* main in the Hands of both Houfes, or of Perfons

* employed by them, fliould be, as foon as the

* Treaty was concluded, delivered into the Tower
e of London ; and that whatfoever fliould be want-
' ing of the Proportions taken by them, fliould be

* fupplied by them, with all convenient Speed, in

* Kind ; which, he faid, fhould be committed to,

* and continued in, the Cuftody of the fworn Offi-

* cers, to whofe Places the fame belong'd : And

* if any of thofe Officers had already forfeited, or
' hereafter fliould forfeit, that Truft, by any Mif-^

* demeanors, his Majefty would by no Means de-

* fend them from the Juftice of the Law : That he
' always intended to reftore fuch Arms and Am-

* munition, which he had been compelled to take
4 from any Perfons and Places, when his own had
' been taken from him ; and would make them

* Recompence as foon as his own Stores were re-
' ftored to him.

' To whatfoever they propofed for the flighting

* all Fortifications, and reducing nil Garnfons
' which had been made fmce the Beginning of
« the Troubles, and leaving them in the State

* they were before, the Kin^ fully and abfolutcly
' confented ; and that the old Caftlcs and Gani-

* fons fhould be reduced to their antient Piopor-

* tion and Eftabliflunent ; but, for the Governors

* and Commanders of them, he faid, That th =

* Cincnjc-

Of E N G L A N D. 215

c 'Cinque-Ports were already in the Cuftody of a An. 19. Car. I,
•c Noble Perfon, againft whom he knew no juft l643-
4 Exception ; and who had fuch a legal Intereft *— —*"" — '

* therein, that he could not, with Juflice, remove

* him from it, untill fome fufficient Caufe were

* made appear to him ; but he was very willing,

* if he fhould at any Time be found guilty of any

* thing that might make him unworthy of that

* TruTt, that he might be proceeded againft ac-
4 cording to the Rules of Juftice : That the Go-

* vernment of the Town of Portfmouth, and all

* other Forts, Caftles, and Towns, as were for-
4 merly kept by Garrifons, fliould be put into the

* Hands of fuch Perfons, againft whom no juft Ex-

* ceptions could be made; all of them being, be-

* fore thefe Troubles, by Letters Patent, granted

* to feveral Perfons, againft any of whom he knew

* not any Exceptions, who fhould be removed, if

* juft Caufe fhould be given for the fame. The

* Warden of the Cinque-Ports, and all other Go-
e vernors and Commanders of the Towns and Ca-

* ftles, fhould keep their Charges, as by the Law

* they ought to do, and for the King's Service, and

* Safety of the Kingdom ; and they fhouid notad-

* mit into any of them foreign Forces, or other

* Forces, raifed or brought in to them contrary to

* Law ; but fliould ufe their utmoft Endeavours to

* fupprefs fuch Forces ; and fhould feize all Arms
4 and Ammunition, which, by the Laws and Sta-

* tutes of the Kingdom, they ought to feize.'

* To that Part which concern'd the Ships, the
King told them, 4 That he expeded his own Ships
4 fhould be delivered to him, as by the Law they
4 ought to be ; and that when he fhould think fit
4 to nominate a Lord High-Admiral of England,
4 it fhould be fuch a Perfon againft whom no juft
6 Exception could be made; and if any fhould be,

* he would always leave him to his due Trial and
' Examination ; and he would grant his Office to
•' him by fuch Letters Patent, as had been ufed.
•* Jr. the mean Time he would govern the Admi-

• raly

April.

21 6 The Parliamentary HISTORY

19. Car. I.' ralty by Commiffion, as had been in all Times
c accuftomed ; and whattbever Ships fhould be fct
' out by him, or his Authority, fhould be employ-
' cd for the Defence of the Kingdom againft all

* foreign Forces whatfoever, for the Safeguard of
'Merchants, Securing of Trade, Guarding of Ire-

* land^ and the Intercepting of all Supplies to be
' carried to the Rebels ; and they fhould ufe their
' utmoft Endeavours to fupprefs all Forces which
' fhould be raifed, by any Peifon whatfoever, againft
' the Laws and Statutes of the Kingdom ; and to

* feize all Arms and Ammunition provided for the
' Supply of any fuch Forces.'

* Jt is evident to all Men where the Difference
now lay between them, being Whether the King
would referve the Diipofal of thofe Offices and
Places of Truft to himfelf, (which all Kings had
enjoyed, and was indeed a Part of his Regality) or
Whether he would be content with fuch a Nomina-
tion, as, being to pafs, and depend upon their
Approbation, no Man fhould ever be admitted to
them, who was nominated by him. The Com-
mittee, upon his Majefty's Anfwer," defired to
know, e Whether he did intend that both Houfes
fhould exprefs their Confidence of the Perfons,
to whofe Truft thofe Places were to be commit-
ted ; for that they were directed by their Inftruc-
tions, that, if his Majefty was pleafed to aflent
thereunto, and to nominate. Perfons of Quality
to receive the Charge of them, that they fhould
certify it to both Houfes of Parliament ; that
thereupon they might exprefs their Confidence
in thofe Perfons, or humbly defire his Majefty
to name others, none of which Perfons to be re-
moved during three Years next enfuing, with-
out juft Caufe, to be approved by both Houfes ;
and ir any fhould be fo removed, or die within
that Space, the Perfons to be put in their Places
to be fuch as the two Houfes fhould confide
in.'
' The King anfiverec!, « That he did not intend

* that the Houfes fhould exprefb their Confidence

Of E N G L A N D. 217

' of the Perfons to whofe Trufts thofe Places fhould An, 19. Car. I.
4 be committed j but only that they fhould have Li- l643«

* berty, upon any juft Exception, to proceed againft . • Tj — f.

* any fuch Perfons according to Law ; his Majefty
' being refolved not to protect them againft the Pub-

* lie Juftice. When any of the Places fliould be

* void, he well knew the Nomination and free Elec-
4 tion of thofe who fhould fucceed, to be a Right

* belonging to, and inherent in, his Majefty ; and

* having been enjoyed by all his Royal Progenitors,

* he could not believe his well-affected Subjects de-
' fired to limit him in that Right * and defired they
' would be fatisfied with this Anfwer, or give him
4 any Reafons to alter his Refolution, and he would
4 comply with them.'

They told him, 4 There could be no good and
' firm Peace hoped for, if there were not a Cure
4 found out for the Fears and Jealoufies j and they
4 knew none fure, but this which they had propo-
4 fed.'

4 The King replied, ' That he rather expected

* Reafons grounded upon Law, to have fhewed
4 him, by the Law, that he had not that Right he

* pretended, or that they had a Right fuperior to
4 his, in what was now ia Queftion ; or that they

* would have fhewed him feme legal Reafon, why

* the Perfons trufted by him were incapable of fuch,

* a Truft, than that they would only have infift-

* ed upon Fears and Jealoufies ; of which as he

* knew no Ground, fo he muft be ignorant of the
' Cure. That the Argument they ufed might ex-
4 tend to the depriving him of, or at leaft fharing

* with him in, all his juft Regal Power ; fince
' Power, as well as Forces, might be the Object of
4 Fears and Jealoufies j and there would be always

* a Power left to hurt, whilft there was any left to

* protect and defend.' He told them, * If he had

* as much Inclination, as he had more Right, to

* Fears and Jealoufies, he might, with more Rea-
' fons, have infifted upon an Addition of Power, as

* a Security to enable him to keep his Forts when

* he had them i fince it appeared it was net fo great,

4 but

218 The Parliamentary HISTORY
An. 19. Car. I.« but that they had been able to take them from
a^3« « him, than they to make any Difficulty to reftore
April ' them to him in tne fame Cafe they were before.

' But, he faid, as he was himfelf content with, fo,

* he took God to Witnefs, his greateft Defire was

* to obferve always, and maintain, the Law of the

* Land ; and expedited the fame from his Subjects ;
' and believed the mutual Obfervance of that Rule,
6 and neither of them to fear what the Law feared
' not, to be, on both Parts, a better Cure for

* that dangerous Difeafe of Fears and Jealoufies,

* and a better Means to eftablifh a happy and per-
c petual Peace, than for him to diveft himfelf of
« thofe Trufts, which the Law of the Land had
6 fettled in the Crown alone, to preferve the Power

* and Dignity of the Prince, for the better Protec-
' tion of the Subject and of the Law, and to avoid

* thofe dangerous Diftraclions, which the Intereft

* of any Sharers with him would have infallibly pro-

* -duced.'

* The Committee neither offered to anfwer his
Majefty's Reafons, nor to oppofe other Reafons to
weigh againft them ; but only faid, ' That they
« were commanded, by their Inftru&ions, to infill
« upon the Defires of both Houfes formerly expref-
« fed.'

To which the King made no other Anfwer than,
« That he conceived it all the Juftice in the World

* for him to infift, that what was, by Law, his

* own, and had been, contrary to Law, taken from

* him, fticuld be fully reftored to him, without
« conditioning to impofe any new Limitations upon
'him, or his Milliners, which were not formerly

* required from them by the Law ; and he thought
' it moft unreafonable to be prefled to diminifh

* his own juft Rights hiinfelf, hecaufe others had
' violated and ufurped them.' This was the Sum
of what pafled in the Treaty upon that Propo-
fition.

4 To the firft Proportion of the two Houfes,
his Majefty would be pleafed to di/band bis Ar-
as they likewife ivoidd be ready to difband fill

their

Of E N G L A N D. 2:9

their Forces, which they had raifed^ and that he would
be pleafed to return to his Parliament : l643-

' The King anfwered, ' That he was as ready — A ~-~
4 and willing that ail Armies fhould be difbanded,
' as any Perfon whatfoever ; and conceived the beft

* Way to it. would be a happy and fpeedy Con-

* clufion of the prefent Treaty ; which, if both
4 Houfes would contribute as much as he would

* do to it, would be fuddenly effected. And as

* he defired nothing more than to be with his two
4 Houfes, fo he would repair thither as foon as he

* could poflibly do it with his Honour and Safe-
<ty.

4 The Committee afked him, c If, by a happy and

* fpeedy Conclufion of the prefent Treaty, he in-

* tended a Conclufion upon the two firft Proportions,
4 or a Conclufion of the Treaty in all the Propofi-

* tions of both Parts ?'

4 The King, who well knew it would be very
ungracious to deny the Difbanding of the Armies,
till all the Propofitions were agreed, fome whereof
would require much Time, anfwered, ' That he

* intended fuch a Conclufion of, or in, the Treaty,

* as there might be a clear Evidence to himfelf, and
' his Subjects, of a future Peace, and no Ground left

* for the Continuance, or Growth, of thofe bloody
' Diilentions ; which, he doubted not, might be
4 obtained, if both Houfes would confent that the
' Treaty fhould proceed without farther Interruption,
4 or Limitation of Days.'

4 They afked him, 4 What he intended fliould be
' a clear Evidence to him, and his good Subjects, of

* a future Peace, and no Ground left for the Con-

* tinuance, and Growth, of thofe bloody Diflen-

* tions ?'

< His Majefty told them, * If the Conclufion of
£ the prefent Treaty upon his firft Propofition, and
4 the firft Propofition of both Houfes, {bould be fo

* full and perfectly made, that the Law of the Land
6 might have a full, free, and uninterrupted Courfe,
4 for the Defence and Prefervation of the Rights of
4 his Majefty, and of themfelves, and the reft of
8 his Suhjcfts, there would be thence a clear Evi-

* dence

The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. dence to him, and all Men, of a future Peace; and
l643» it would be fuch a Conclufion as he intended, never
meaning that both Armies fhould remain undif-
banded untill the Proportions on both Sides were
fully concluded.'

' To the other Claufe of their own Propofition,
concerning the King's Return to the Parliament,
they faid, ' They had no Inftructions to treat up-
' on it;' which the King much wonder'd at; and
finding that they had no other Authority to treat,
or debate what was necefiary to be done in order
to Difbanding, but only to prefs him to appoint a
Day for the actual Difbanding ; and that the Forces
in the North, where he had a great Army, and
they had none, might be firft difbanded, he endea-
vour'd to draw them to fome Propofitions upon his
Return to the Parliament ; from whence Expedi-
ents .would naturally refult, if they purfued that
heartily, which would conclude a general Peace.
And it feem'd very ftrange, that, after fo many
Difcourfes of the King's Abfence from the Houfes,
from whence they had taught the People to believe
that moft of the prefent Evils flow'd and proceed-
ed when a Treaty was noxv enter'd upon, and that
was a Part of their own firft Propofition, that their
Committee fhould have no Inftructions or Autho-
rity to treat upon it. After this they jeceived new
Inftru&ions, ' To declare to his Majefty the De-

* fire of both Houfes, for his coming to his Parlia-
' ment ; which, they faid, they had often exprefs'd
' with full Offers of Security to his Royal Perfon,

* agreeable to their Duty and Allegiance ; and they
' knew no Caufe why he might not repair thither
' with Honour and Safety.'

' When the King found he could not engage
them in that Argument to make any particular
Overture or Invitation to him ; and that the Com-
mittee, who exprefs'd Willingr.efs enough, had
not in Truth the leaft Power to promote, or con-
tribute to an Accommodation, left they fhould
make the People believe that he had a Defire to
continue the War, becaule he confented not to

their

Of ENGLAND. 221

their Propofition of Difbanding the Armies, he fent An. 19. Car. I.
this MefTage, by an Exprefs of his own, to the two
Houfes, after he had firft communicated it to their
Committee.'

Oxford, April 12, 1643.
CHARLES R.

CT'O flew to the whole World, bow earnejlly his Ma-
Jefty !°ngs f°r Peace* and that no Succefs Jhall
make him defire the Continuance of his Army to any
other End, or for any longer Timet than that ; and
untill Things may be fo fettled, as that the Law may
have a full, free, and uninterrupted Courfe, for the
Defence amd Prefervation of the Rights of his Ma-
Jf/ty, both Houfes, and his good Subjects :

i.- As foon as his MajeJJy is fatisfied in his firjl
Proportion, concerning bis own Revenue, Maga-
zines, Ships, and Forts, in which he defires nothing,
but that the jitjl, known, legal Rights of his Ma-
jejly (devolved to him from his Progenitors) and
of the Perfons truJJed by him, which have violently
been taken from both, be reftored unto him, and un-
to them ; unlefs any juft and legal Exception again/I
any of the Perfons trufted by him (which are yet
unknown to his Majejly) can be made appear unto
him :

2. As foon as all the Members of both Houfes
Jhall be reftored to the fame Capacity of Jitting and
voting in Parliament, as they had upon the firjt of
January, 1641 ; the fame, of Right, belonging unto
them by their Birth-rights, and the free E left ion of
thofe that fent them ; and having been voted from
them for adhering to his Majejly in thefe Diftrac-
tions j his Majejly not intending that this Jhould ex-
tend either to the Bifoops, whofe Votes have been taken
away by Bill, or to fuch, in whofe Places, upon new
Writs, new Eleclions have been made :

3. As foon as his Majejly, and both Houfes, may
le jecured from fuch tumultuous AJfemblies, as, to the
great Breach of the Privileges, and the high Dif-
honour of Parliaments, have formerly ajfstnbled about
both Houfesj and awed the Members of the fame ; and

222 The Parliamentary His TOR v

An. 19. Car. l.occajloned two fever al Complaints from the Lord}1
Houfe, and two fever al De (ires of that Houfe to the
Houfe of Commons, to join in a Declaration again ft
them ; the complying with which Dejire might have
•prevented all thefe miferable Dijiratfions which
have enfued ; which Security, his Majefty conceives,
can be only fettled by adjourning the Parliament to
fame other Place, at the leajl twenty Miles from Lon-
don ; the Choice of which his Majefty leaves to both
Houfe* :

His Majejly will, mojl chearfully and readily, con-
fent that both Armies be immediately dijbanded, and
give a prefent Meeting to both his Houfes of Par-
llament at the Time and Place, at, and to which,
the Parliament foall be agreed to be adjourned : His
Majefly being mojl confident that the Law will then
recover due Credit and Ejiimation ; and that upon
a free Debate, in a full and peaceable Convention of
Parliament, fuch Provijions will be made again/}
feditious Preaching and Printing again ft his Ma-
jejly, and the ejlablijhed Laws, which have been one
of the chief Caufes of the prefent Dijlr actions ; and
fuch Care will be taken concerning the legal and
known Rights of his Majejly, and the Property and
Liberty of his Subjecls, that whatfoever hath been
publijhed or done, in or by Colour of any illegal
Declaration, Ordinance, or Order of one or both
Houfes, or any Committee of either of them, and
particularly the Power to raife Arms without his
JMajeJly's Confent, will be in fuch Manner recalled,
difclaimed, and provided again/?, that no Seed wilt
remain for the like to fpring out of for the future,
to dljlurb the Peace of the Kingdom, and to endan-
ger the very Being of it. And in fuch a Conven-
tion his Majefty is refolved, by his Readinefs to con-
fent to whatfoever foall be proposed to him, by Bill,
for the real Good of his Subjecls (and partidarly
for the better Difcovery, and fpeedier Conviction of
Recusants ; for the Education of the Children of
Papijls by Proteftants in the Proieftant Religion ;
for the Prevention of Prafiices of Papijls againji the
State, and the due Execution of tht Laws, and true

levying

Of ENGLAND. 223

levying of the Penalties again/} them) to make known An. 19. Car. I«

to ail the World^ how caufelefs thofe Fears and Jea-

loufies have been, which have been raifed againft him ;

and by thai fo diftracJed this miferable Kingdom.

And if this Offer of his Majefty be not consented

to, (in vjhich he ajks nothing for which there is not

apparent 'Juftice on his Side, and in which he defers

many Things highly concerning both himfelf and

People, till a full and peaceable Convention of Par-

liament, which in 'Juftice he might now require)

his Majefty is confident that it will then appear, to

all the World, not only who is mojl defirous of Peace ',

and wkofe Fault it is that both Armies are not now

dijbanded; but who have been the true and firjl Caufe

that this Peace was ever interrupted, or thofe Ar~

mies raifed, and the Beginning or Continuance of

the War ; and the Deftruttion and Defolation of

this poor Kingdom (which is too likely to enfue) will

not, by the mojl intereJJed, paj/ionate, or prejudicate

Perfon, be imputed to his Majefly,

' To this Meflage the two Houfes returned no
Anfwer to the King, but required the Committee
to return to tyitftminJJer (having been in Oxford
with his Majefty juft twenty Days) with fuch po-
fitive Circumftances, that the Houfe of Commons
enjoined their Members to begin their Journey the
fame Day, which they obeyed ; though it was fo
late, that they were forced to very inconvenient Ac-
commodations ; and, at their Return, fome of them
were looked upon with great Jealoufy, as Perfons
engaged by the King, and difmclined to the Par-
liament ; and this Jealoufy prevailed fo far, that
Mr. Martin opened a Letter from the Earl of
Northumberland to his own Lady, prefuming he
fhould therein have difcovered fome Combination ^

and this Infolence was not difliked.' Thus far

the Noble Hiftorian.

The Proceedings of both Houfes, in relation to
this Intercepting of the Karl of Northumberland's
Letter, will appear more at large, from their Jour-
nal;, in its proper Order of Time.

We

224 *&** Parliamentary HISTORY*

An. 19. Car. I. We now proceed to give Mr. fyiritlocke'* Ac-
1643- count of what pafs'd, between the King and the
<— •"V'7"J above-mentioned Committee of Parliament, at Ox-
Apnl- ford.

And Mr. Whit-* rT"*HE King ufed the CommifTioners with great
1

y Favou.r and C/vility; ™d his General,

Ruthen, and divers of his Lords and Officers, came
frequently to their Table, and they had very friendly
Difcourfes and Treatments together. The King
himfelf did them the Honour fometimes to accept
of part of their Wine and Provifions, which the
Earl of Northumberland fent to him, when they had
any Thing extraordinary.

' Their Inftruclions were very ftri&, and tied
them up to treat with none but the King himfelf,
whom they often attended at his Lodgings in Cbrifi-
Churcb : They had Accefs at all Times when they
defired it, and were allowed by his Majefty a very
free Debate with him.

* He had commonly waiting on him, when he
treated with them, Prince Rupert, the Lord-Keeper
Littleton, the Earl of Southampton, the Lord Chief
Juftice Banks, and feveral other Lords of his Coun-
cil, who never debated any Matters with them ;
but gave their Opinions to the King in thofe Things
which he demanded of them, and fometimes would
put the King in Mind of fome particular Things ;
but otherwife they did not fpeak at all.

* In this Treaty the King manifefted his great
Parts and Abilities, Strength of Reafon, and Quick-
nefs of Apprehenfion, with much Patience in hear-
ing what was objected againft him ; wherein he
allowed all Freedom, and would himfelf fum up the
Arguments, and give a moft clear Judgment upon
them.

* His Unhappinefs was, that he had a better
Opinion of other Judgments than of his own, tho'
they were weaker than his own ; and of this the
Parliament's Commifiioners had Experience to their
great Trouble.

« They

Of E N G L A N D. 225

c They were often waiting on the King, and An. 19. Car. I.
debating feme Points of the Treaty with him un- l643-
till* Midnight, before they could conie to a Con- V""Tv"j"""^-
clufion. Upon one of the moft material Points
they prefled his Majefty with their Reafons, and
beft Arguments they could ufe, to grant what they
defircd.

* The King faid, * He was fully fatisfied, and
6 promifed to give them his Anfwer in Writing ac-

* cording to their Defire ; but, becaufe it was then

* paft Midnight, and too late to put it into Writing,

* he would have it drawn up the next Morning
' (when he commanded them to wait on him again) ;
' and then he would give them his Anfwer in Wri-
' ting, as it was now agreed upon.'

* They went to their Lodgings full of joyful
Hopes to receive this Anfwer the next Morning j
and which, being given, would have much condu-
ced to a happy liTue and Succefs of this Treaty ;
and they had the King's Word for it, and they
waited on him the next Morning at the Hour ap-
pointed.

' But, inftead of that Anfwer which they expect-
ed, and were promifed, the King gave them a Pa-
per quite contrary to what was concluded the Night
before^ and very much tending to the Breach of the
Treaty. They did humbly expoftulate this with his
Majefty, and prefled him upon his Royal Word,
and the ill Confequences which they feared would
follow upon this his new Paper.

* But the King told them, ' He had altered his

* Mind ; and that this Paper, which he now- gave
' them, was his Anfwer, which he was now refol-
4 ved to make upon their laft Deba'e :' And they
could obtain no other from him ; which occafioned
much Sadnefs and Trouble to them.

' Some of his own Friends, of whom the Com-
miflioners enquired touching this PaiTage, informed
them, That after they were gone from the King,
and that his Council were alfo gone away, fome
of his Bed-Chamber (and they went higher)
hearing from him what Anfwer he had promifed,

VOL. XII. P ani

226 *Tbe Parliamentary HISTORY"

An. 19. Car. I. and doubting it would tend to fuch an Iflue of the
Treaty as they did not wifli, they being rather for
the Continuance of the War, never left preffing
and perfuading of the King, till they prevailed with
him to change his former Refolutions, and to give
Order for his Anfwer to be drawn as it was now de-
livered.

« The Treaty, upon the King's Proportions, as
well as upon the Commiffioners, going flowly on,
and their Inlrru&ions being ftric"r., and fuch as they
could not (hew to the King when he defired it, he
thought fit, April 12, to fend a Meflage to the Par-
liament during the Treaty.

[Here follow the Heads of this Mejfage, which
•we have already given at Length, p. 221.]

* This being intimated to the Commiffioners, they
(TilTuaded the fending of it, as that which they feared
might break off the Treaty, and the Improbability
that the Houfes would adjourn, and leave the City
of London, their beft Friends and Strength, and put a
Difcontent upon them.

* Yet the King was prevailed with to fend it;
and, upon the Receipt of it by the Houfes, they
prefently refolved to call away their Corr.miflioners,
and fent their Orders to them to return to the
Parliament, which they obeyed ; and fo this Trea-
ty, having continued from the 4th of March to the
1 5th of April, was now difiblved, and all their
Labours and Hazards become fruitlefs and of no
Effect; and all good Englifimen, Lovers of the
Peace of their Country, were troubled and difap-
pointed.

' When they were come to the Parliament they
.gave them a particular Account of all their Negotia-
tion, wherewith they were fo well fatisfied, that they
ordered the Thanks of the Houfe to be given them ;
and, by Vote, approved of all their Proceedings.'

Thus much for the fruitlefs Treaty of Oxford :
We now return to the other Proceedings of both
Houfes.

The

Of E N G L A N D. 227

The Month of Jpril begins with an Ordinance An. 19. Car. I,
of Parliament, which, afterwards, proved the moft l643-
oppreflive to the Royal Party in the Kingdom, of l- ~~'~ —f-
any Thing yet done by either Houfe. This was
the Ordinance for feizing and fequeftring the Real
and Perfonal Eftates of Delinquents. The whole is
in Ru/bwortki except the Names of the Sequeftra-
tors, which, probably, were omitted in thofe Col-
lections, to prevent giving Offence to particular Per-
fons at that Time : But thefe we have fupplied from
the Original Edition of this Ordinance, publifhed by
the Authority of both Houfes. By this Lift the
Reader will fee who were the Perfons the Parliament
then nominated to be Sequeftrators throughout the
whole Kingdom ; though fome of them, there na-
med, had too much Regard for their Character, or
their Safety, to put the Office in Execution ; and
others of them, afterwards, declared in Favour of the
King. The Lift runs thus :

BEDFORDSHIRE.

SI R Beauchamp St. John and Sir yobn Burgsyn, Names of the
Baronets ; Sir Thomas Alfton, Knt. and Bart. Perfons appoint-
fcir Roger Burgoyn, Sir Oliver Lnke, and Sir Samuel f^°^^?
Luke, Knights ; Thomas Rolt, Thomas Sadler •, James fuch as a'dhere't*
Beverley, Humphry Monoux, Edward OJbcrn, Ro- the King,
bert Stanton, and Samuel Brown, Efquires.

BEDFORD Town. The Mayor for the Time
being.

BERKSHIRE.

Sir Francis Pile, Bart. Sir Francis Knollis, jun.
Knt. Peregrine Hobby, Henry Martin, Roger Knight ,
Henry Powle, Thomas Fettiplace, and Tanfield Va-
thelly Efquires,

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.

Sir Richard Ingoldjby, Knt. Henry Bul/lrode,

Thomas Tyrrel, and Richard Grenville^ Efquires;

Sir Peter Temple, Bart. Sir Thomas Sanders, Knt.

Anthony Ratdtffe, and Thomas Wejlall, Efquires ;

Sir William Andrews, Knt. Bulftrode Wbitlocke>

P 2 John

228 tte Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.John Hampden, Arthur Goodityn, and Richard fPin-
woodt Efquires.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.

Sir Dudley North, Sir John Cuts, and Sir Tho-
mas Martin, Knights ; Capt. Symonds ; Dudley
Pope, Efq; Str Miles Sandys, Knt. Francis RuffeU^
Oliver Cromwell, William Fijher, Thomas Thompfon,
Thomas Becket, Walter Clapton, Robert Caftle, Tho-
mas Bendijh, John Welbore, Robert Clark, Michael
Dalton, jun. Thomas Parker, Thomas Ducket, "John
Hobart, Thomas Cajlle, George Clapthorn, JohnTowers%
Edward Leeds, and William Marjh, Efquires.

CAMBRIDGE Town and Univerfity. The Mayor
for the Time being; Oliver Cromwell, 'John Lowry^
William Wetbore, Talbot Pepys Recorder, John Sher-
wood, Samuel Spaulden, Thomas French t and Robert
Robfon, Efquires.

CHESHIRE.

Sir George Booth, Knt. and Bart. Sir J^ill'tam
Brereton, Bart. T})omas Stanley, Henry Manwaring^
Henry Brook, John Bradjhaw, Robert Duckenfield^
Henry Vernon> John Crewe, and William Marbury^
Efquires.

CHESTER City. William Jounce, Mayor ; John
Alder fey, Peter Leigh, and William Edwards, Mer-
chants.

CORNWALL.

Sir Richard Carew, Bart. Francis Buller, Alex-
cnder Carew, John Trefufes, John St. Aubin, Richard
Erifey, JohnAloyle, Francis Godolphin of Tremomgue^
Thomas Gawen, John Carter^ and Thomas Arundell^
Efquires.

CUMBERLAND,

William Law f on, William Brifcoe, Thomas Lam-
77, Richard Barwisy and John Barwis, fen.

DEVONSHIRE.

Sir George Cbudleigh, Sir John Pool, and Sir John
Northcote, Baronets ; Sir Edrr.und Powell, Sir &?-
muel Rolle, Sir Shiljlon Calmady, and Sir Nicholas
Martin, Knights i Sir Francis Drake, Bart. Ro-
bert

Of ENGLAND. 229

bert Savery, Henry Walrond, Francis Rous, Ed- An. 19. Car. I,
mund Prideaux, Henry Wroth, Hugh Fortefcue, Ar-
thur Upton, John Tea, William Frye, and George
Trobridge, Efquires ; the Mayor of Plymouth for the
Time being.

EXON City. Chrijlopher Clark, Mayor ; Richard
Sanders, Thomas CroJJing, Walter White, and John
Hakewill, Aldermen ; Barnes Gould, Sheriff.
DERBYSHIRE.

Sir John Curzon, and Sir John Cell, Baronets ;
Sir John Coke, Knt. Francis Revitt, Nathaniel Hal-
/owes, and James Abney, Efquires.

DORSETSHIRE.

Denzill Holies, Efq; Sir Thomas Trenchard and
Sir Walter Erie, Knights ; John Brown, Thomas
Tregonall ; John Binghnm, John Hanham, John
Trenchard, Dennis Bond, Richard Broderope, Wil-
liam Savage, Robert Butler, and William Sydenbam,
jun. Richard Rofe, John Henley, Thomas Ceely, and
'Thomas Erie, Efquires.

POOL Town and County. Henry Martin, Mayor;
George Skut, William Skut, Anthony Wait, William
Williams, Aaron Durell, Richard Mayer, and Havi-
land Healy, Aldermen.

DORCHESTER Town. The Mayor for the Time
being j Mr. John Hill and Mr. Richard Bury.
DURHAM.

Henry Warmouth, George Lilbourn, Thomas Mil-
ford, Robert Hntton, Thomas Shadforth, Clement
Falthrop, Richard Lilbourn, Francis Wren, John
Blakifton, Henry Draper, and John Brackenbury,
Efquires.

ESSEX.

Sir Thomas Barrington, Knt. and Bart. Sir Henry
MUdmay of Wanftead ; Sir Martin Lumley and Sir
Harboitle Grim/Ion, Knights and Baronets ; Sir
Richard Everard and Sir William Hicks, Baronets ;
Sir Thomas Cheek, Sir Henry Halcroft, Sir William
Rowe, Sir Thomas Honey-wood, Sir William Martin^
and Sir John Barrington, Knights ; Sir William Maf-
bam, Bart. William Ma /ham, John Wright, Oli-
P 3 ver

230 Tht Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. l.ver Raymond, Harbottle Grim/ion, 'John Sayer,
John Burket, Anthony Luther ; Timothy Middleton,
Thomas Coke, Deane Tindal, James Herne, Wil-
liam Goldingham, John Atwood, John Sarrcll, Ri-
chard Harbackenden, Henry Wijtiman, Robert Smith,
Robert Browne, William Atwood, Nathaniel Bacon,
' John Meade, Robert Wtftman of Mayland, Ifaac

dllen^ Hafely, Samuel Friborne, Peter Whit-

combe, Robert Young^ Jeremy Aylet^ William Col"
lard, Robert Crane, Robert Calthrop> and Arthur
Barnardifton, Efquires.

COLCHESTER Town. The Mayor for the Time
being ; Harbottle Grimjlon and Henry Barrington,
Efquires.

GLOUCESTERSHIRE, with the City of Gloucefter
and County thereof.

Sir Robert Cooke, Knt. Nathaniel Stephens, John
George, Edward Stephens, and John Stephens,
Efquires ; Thomas Pury, Alderman ; Sir John Sey-
mour, Knt. Thomas Hodges and John Coddringtoa^
Efquires.

HEREFORDSHIRE.

Sir Rsbert Harley, Knight of the Bath ; Sir £/-
chard Hopton, Knt. Walter Kirle, Edward Broughton,
and Henry Vaughan, Efquires.

HEREFORD City. Sir Robert Harley, Knight of
the Bath y Walter Kirle, Richard Hobjony John
Flackei, and Henry Vaughan, Elquires.
HERTFORDSHIRE.

Charles Lord Vifcount Cranborne ; Robert Cecil,
Efq; Sir John Garrat and Sir John Reade, Baronets ;
Sir Thomas Dacres, Sir William Litton, and Sir
John Witterong^ Knights; Richard Jennings, Ralph
Freeman, William Lemon, William Priejlley, John
Heydon, Alexander Wild, Richard Porter, and Adorn
Washington, Efquires.

ST. ALBAN'S. The Mayor for the Time being ;
John Robotham, Ralph Pemberton, and Qraveley
Norton, Efquires.

HUNTINGDONSHIRE.

Sir Thomas Cotton, B.irt. Sir John Hewit, Knt.
Qnjlow Winch) Terril Jocelyne, Thomas Temple,

John

Of ENGLAND. 231

John Co/He, Oliver Cromwell, Abraham Burwell, An, 19. Car. I.
Edward Montague, and John Bulkley, Efquires. .J64j*
KENT. April.

Sir Thomas Walfingham and Sir Anthony Weldony
Knights; Sir John Sidley, Sir Edward Hales, Sir
Humphry Tufton, and Sir Henry Hcyman, Knights
and Baronets ; Sir Michael Livefey, Bart. Sir Henry
Vane, jun. Sir Edward Scot, Sir Edward Boh, Sir
JVtlliam Brook, Sir Peter Wroth, Sir George Sandys*
Sir John Honeywood, Sir James Oxendcn, and Sir Ri-
chard HardreJJe, Knights ; Auguftine Skinner, Ri-
chard Lee, Thomas Sclliard, John Bois, fen. Thomas
Blunt, and Samuel Short, Efquires.

CANTERBURY City. The Mayor for the Time
being ; Sir William Man, Knt. Sir Edward Majler?
Knt. John Nutt and Thomas Courthorpe, Efquires ;
Avery Savine, Alderman.

ROCHESTER City. The Mayor for the Time be-
ing ; Sir Anthony Weldon, Sir William Brooke, and
Sir Thomas Walfingham ; Richard Lee, Efq; the
Mayor of Tenterden for the Time being ; William
Bois, William James, Mark Dixwell, and Henry
Samford, Efquires.

LANCASHIRE.

Sir Ralph A/hton and Sir Thomas Stanley, Baro-
nets ; Ralph Ajhton of Downham, Ralph AJhton of
Middleton, Richard Shuttleworth, Alexander Rigby9
John Moore, Richard Holland, Edward Butter-
worth, John Bradjhaw, William AJhurft, Peter Eger-
ton, George D adding, Nicholas Cunliff, John Star-
key, Thomas Birch, and Thomas Fell, Efquires ;
Robert Cunlijf, Robert Curwen, and John Nowell^
Gentlemen.

LEICESTERSHIRE.

Henry Lord Grey of Ruthyn, Thomas Lord Grey
of Groby ; Sir Arthur Hafilrigge, Bart. Sir Edward
Hartop and Sir Thomas Hartop, Knights ; William
Hewet, John Bembridge, Peter Temple, George
AJhby, William Roberts, Richard Bent, Arthur
Stanley, William Danvers, and John Goodmany
JCfcjuires.

232 'The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. LEICESTER Town. Richard Ludlam, Mayor;
l6*3- IVUltam Stanley, Alderman.

AprUf LINCOLNSHIRE.

. For the Parts of Lindfcy. Sir John Wray, Knt.
and Bart. Sir Edward Afcough and Sir Samuel Old-
field, Knights j John Wray, Willcughby Hickman^
Edward ifrhichcot, Edmond Anderfon, Edward Ro-
fiter, and John Broxholme, Efquires ; Sir William
Armyn, Bart. Sir Hamond Whichcot, Knt. Sir John
Brownlow and Sir Thomas Trollop, Baronets ; Ths~
mas Hatcher ; Sit Chnjlopher Wray ; Thomas Gran-
tham, Thomas Lifter, and John Archer , Efquires 5
Sir William Brownlow.

For the Parti of Holland. Sir Anthcny Irby ; Wil-
liam Ellis and John Harrington, inquires ; the
A'layor of Bjjhn for the Time being ; Thomas Hall,
Thomas Wetb\\ ^nd Willejby. Efquires.

LINCOLN City and the Clofe. The Mayor for the
Time being ; Thomas Grantham and John Br ox-
holme, Efquires ; Robert Moorecroft, William Wai'
font and Stephen Dawfon, Aldermen.

MIDDLESEX.

Sir Gilbert Gerrard, Bart. Sir Edward Barkham^
Knt. and Bart. Sir Richard Sprignal, Bart. Sir John
Franklyn, Sir John Hippejley, Sir William Roberts,
Sir 'fames Ha> ringtcn, anti Sir Robert Wood, Knights }
Lawrence Whitacre, Ju/Jinian Paget, Willian* &-jc al-
low * John Huckjley, Thomas WiUox, John Morris ,
Richard Button, and Jibn Smith, Efquires.

LONDON City, and Jurifdiciion of the Lord Mayor,
The Lord Mayor and the Aldermen, Aldermen's
Deputies, and Common Councilmen of the faid
City.

WESTMINSTER City and Liberties. Sir Robert
Pye, Sir William dfnton, and Sir John Corbet^
Knights ; John G!yn, John Trenehard, and tVil-
tiam Wheeler, Ef quires ; John Brigham, Gesrge
BeverhaJJet, Anthony Withers, and William Barns^

Gendemeni Jofias Fendall, William Bclly Tuc-

key

Of E N G L A N D. 233

%gyy .- Colihejler, and Stephen Hig£ans,Aa, ig Car. I.

Efquires. l64S-

NORFOLK County, and City of Norwich with the Aprii.

County thereof.

Sir Thomas Woodhoufe, Sir John Holland, Sir
^o&tf Poits, and Sir y<J^« Hobart, Baronets ; Sir
Miles Hobart and Sir Thomas Huggen, Knights ;
'John Cook) John Spelman, Philip Beddingfield, and
Sa?nuel Smith, Efquires ; the Sheriffs of Norwich j
the Bailiffs of Yarmouth ; Thomas Toll and John
Percival, of Lynn ; Thomas Windham, Francis Jer-
my, Robert Wood^ Gregory Caufell, John Haughtont
Thomas IVeld, Martin Sedley, and Thomas Sother-
ton, Efquires ; Sir Edmond Mountford, Knt. Wtl->
Ham Revenlngham^ William Gook^ and Robert Richy
Efquires ; Sir Richard Berney^ Sir IJaac tfjlley, and
Sir John Palgrave, Knights j Brigg Fountain and
John Tooly^ Eiquires.

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
' Sir Rowland St. John, Knight of the Bath ; Sir
John Norwich, Knt. Sir Gilbert Pickering, Bart.
Sir Richard Samwel, Knt. John Crew, John Bar-
nard, Edward Harvey, Edward Farmer, John Nor-
ton, and John Chappoole, Efquires ; Sir John Dry-
den^ Bart. Richard Knightley, Eiq; Sir Chriftopher
Telverton, Knt. and Bart. Zouch Tate, Philip Hole-
?nan, and Thomas Pentlow, Efquires.

NORTHAMPTON Town. The Mayor for the Time
being j Thomas Martin and John Fijher9 Alder-
men.

NORTHUMBERLAND.

Sir John Penwick, Bart. Sir Jo. Delaval, Knt.
Thomas Middleton, William Shaftoe, Michael Wei-
den, and Henry Ogle, Efquires.

NEWCASTLE Town. John Blakifton, Efq;

For the Town of BERWICK upon TWEED. John
Sleigh, Mayor j Sir Robert Jackfon, Knt. Ralph
Salkeld, Efq;

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
Francis Pier point, Efq; Sir Francis Thornehaugh
3nd Sir Thomas Hutcbinfon, Knights ; Francis

Thorns-

Parliamentary HISTORY

Jofeph Widmerpoole, Robert Reynes,
>_ Millington, and John Hutchinfon, Efquires ;

April. Sir frauds Molineux, Knt. Charles White and
Henry Ireton, Efquires.

NOTTINGHAM Town and County thereof. The
Mayor for the Time being ; James Chad-wick, Efcj;
Huntington Plumtre, M. D. John James, Alder-
man, and John Gregory, Gent.

OXFORDSHIRE. b
RUTLANDSHIRE.

Sir Edward Harrington, Knt. Evers Armyn, Ro-
bert Horfman, John OJborne, Chriftopher Browne-^
Robert Horfman, jun. and Thomas Wait* Efquires.

SOMERSETSHIRE.

Sir John Homer, Sir Thomas Wroth, and Sir
George Farwell, Knights ; Clement Walker, Alex-
ander Popham, William Strode, Richard Cole, John
Harrington, John Hippejley, William Long, John
Prefton, Henry Henley, Henry Stamford, John Pymme,
James Ajh, and John Aft), Efquires j Roger Hill,
George Serle, and Jafper Chaplyn, Gentlemen ; Ri-
chard Capell, William Bull, Robert Harbin, John
Hunt, and Robert Blake, Efquires j the Mayor of
Bridge-water that now is.

BRISTOL City. Richard dldworth, Mayor; Jo-
feph Jackfon, Hugh Browne, Sheriffs ; Richard All-
worthy, Alderman ; Luke Hodges, and Henry Gibbs.
SOUTHAMPTON County, the Town and County there-
of, and the Ijle of Wijrht.

Sir Henry Worjley and Sir William Lewis, Ba-
ronets ; Sir Thomas Jervois, Sir William Lijle, Sir
John Leigh, Sir Henry Clerke, Sir John Compton,
and Sir Richard King/mill, Knights ; Robert Dil-
lington, Robert Wallop, Richard Whitehead, Rich*
ard Norton, John Doddington, Richard Jervois,
John Lijle, John Button, Edward Hooper, John
'Bulkley, Thomas Clerke, John Kemp, Richard Ma-
jor, Francis St. Barbe, Nicholas Love, John Fielder,

Wll-

•» There are no Seqi'.eftrators nominated for this County:

As the Kins at this Tune kept his Court at Oxford, furrounded with
his Army, we prtfamc the Parliament thought it to no P&rpofc c«
appoint any.

Of E N G L A N D. 235

William fathers, Thomas Chandler, James Tutt, An. 19. Car. r.
John Pitman, and 'John Hooke, Efquires; George 1643.
Gallop and E .ward Exon, Aldermen of Southamp- v— v-— ^
Ion ; and the Mayor of Winchejler for the Time
being.

SUFFOLK.

Sir William Playters, Knt. and Bart. Sir Na-
thaniel Barnardijlon, Knr. Sir William Spring, Bart.
Sir Roger North, Sir Thomas Barnardljlon, Sir Wil-
liam Soame, Sir John Wentworth, and Sir Philip
Parker, Knights ; William Heveningbam, Nathaniel
Bacon of Fro/ion, Nicholas Bacon, Maurice Barrow,
William Blois, Henry North, Robert Breujler,
Brampton Gourdon, Francis Bacon, Theophilus
Vaughan, of Beckles, William Cage, William Rivet
of Bilfon, Edmund Harvey, John Gourdon, and
Thomas Coale, Efquires ; John BaJJe and Francis
Brewfter, Gentlemen ; the Bailiffs of the Town of
Jpfwich that now are ; John Sicklemer, Richard.
Puplet, and John Aldus, Gentlemen ; Nathaniel
Bacon of Ipfwich.

ST. EDMUND'S BURY. Samuel Moody, Thomas

Cole, Chaplin ; the Bailiffs of the Town of

Aldborougb for the Time being ; Thomas Gibbs, Al-
derman, and Thomas Johnfon.
SURREY.

Sir Richard Onflow, Sir William Elliot, and Sir
Robert Parkhurft, Knights ; Nicholas Stoughton,
George Evehn of Wotton, Henry Wejlon, and Ar-
thur Onjlsw, Efquires ; Sir Ambrofe Browne, Bart.
Sir Anthony Vincent, Knt. and Bart. Sir John Dign-
ley and Sir Matthew Brand, Knights ; Edward
Sanders, Robert Holman, Robert Houghton, George
Evelin, Francis Drake, Thomas Sandys, George
Myn, and William Mufcamp, Efquires j Sir John
Howland and Sir John Evelin, Knights; Robert
Goodwin, George Fairwell, and John Goodwyn,
Efquires ; Richard Wright and Cornelius Cookey
Gentlemen.

SUSSEX.

Sir Thomas Pelham, Bart. Anthony Stapley, Her-
bert Morley, Thomas Whit field, John Baker, and

Her-

236 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Aa. 19. Car. I. Herbert Hay, Efquires j Herbert Springate of the
Brcyle, Ralph Cooper , Hall Ravenfcroft, Edward
"Apjley, 'John Downes, William Cawley, Edward
Higgcns, Thomas Chute, George Oglandcr, George
Simpfon, John Bujbridge, Thomas Middleton, and
James ^Temple, Efquires j Captains Thomas, Collins,
Car let on, and Ever ton.

SALOP.

Sir John Corbet, Knt. William Pierpoint, Richard
fyloore, Thomas Witton, Thomas Nichols, Humphry
Mackworth, Andrew Lloyd of djlon, Lancelot, Lee%
fhomas Hunt, and John Corbet^ Efquires.

STAFFORDSHIRE.

Sir Richard Skeffington, Knt. Richard Pyott, Mi-
chael Rydfflpb, Edward Manwaring^ Matthew Mor-
ton, "John Birch, Ralph Rudyard, Michael Lowe^
Michael Noble, and Edward Leigh, Efquires ; Sir
Walter Wrotejley, Sir Edward Littleton, and Sir Ed-
ward Brcrcton, Baronets.

LITCHFIELD City. The Bailiffs and the Sheriff
of the faid City for the Time being ; Michael Noble r,
Richard Draffgate, Richard Baxter, and Thomas
Burnes, Gentlemen.

WA R W I C K S H I R E.

The now Mayor of the City of Coventry ; Sir
Peter Wentwarth, Knight of the Bath ; Sir Edward
Peyti, Knt. John Hales, Godfrey Bofwell, John
Barker, William Purefoy, dnlhony Stau^hton^ George
Abbot, Thomas Boughton, William Colemore, Thomas
Bafnet, William Jeflon, Gamaliel Purefoy, and Tho-
mas WiUoughby, Efquires.

COVENTRY City and County thereof. John Barker t
Jfaac Bromich, and Robert Philips, Efquires.
WILTSHIRE.

Denzil Holies, Efq; Sir Edward Hungerford,
Sir Edward Baynton, Sir Nevil Poole, and Sir John
Evelyn, Kniphts ; Edtvard Baynton, EdwardTucker,
William Wheeler, Edward Goddard, Alexander
Thiftlethwait, jun. John White, Edward Poole,
Thomas Alscre, Jahn Ajht and Robert Jennour,
Efquires.

WEST-

Of E N G L A N D. 237

WESTMORELAND.

Sir Henry Bellingham, Knt. and Bart. George Gil- An. 19. Car. I.
pin, Edward Wilfon, Nicholas Fijher, Thomas Sled-
dall, Rowland Dawfon, and Allan Bellingham^
Efquires ; Roger Bateman, Richard Branthwaite,
Robert Phillipfon, and Jervafe Ben/on, Gentlemen.

WORCESTERSHIRE:

John Wilde and Richard Crefwell, Serjeants at
Law ; Humphry Sallway^ Edward Dignley, Ed-
•ward Pit, Thomas Greves, and William
Efquires.

YORKSHIRE.

Eaft- Riding. Ferdinando Lord Fairfax',
Hotham, Knt. and Bart. Sir William Strickland^
Bart. Sir Philip Stapylton and Sir Thomas Rymingtan,
Knights ; Richard Rymington, John Hotbam, John
Anlaby, Richard Darley, Henry Darleyy and John
Allured^ Efquires.

North -Rid ing. Ferdinando Lord Fairfax ; Sir
Hugh Cholmley^ Sir Henry Foulis, Sir Thomas Nor-
diffe, and Sir Matthew Boynton^ Barts. Sir William
Sheffield, Knt. John Hot ham, Bryan Stapylton, Henry
Darley, Henry Anderfon, John Wajlell, Chri/lophcr
Percey, George Trotter, Matthew Smelt, John Le-
gard de Maltony Francis Lafcelles, Geoffrey Gate,
John Dent, Thomas Robinfon, Francis Boyntony and
ChriJIopher Waters, Efquires.

Weft- Riding. Ferdinando Lord Fairfax ;
Thomas Maleverer, Bart. Sir William Lifter,
Edward Rhodes, Sir William Fairfax, Sir
Savile, and Sir Thomas Fairfax, Knights ;
Hotham, Charles Fairfax, Henry Arthington,
Farrer, William White, Thomas Maleverer, George
Alarwood, John Robinfon, Thomas Stockdale, Tho-
mas Wejlby, John Bright, Thomas Bofeville, God-
frey Bofeville, and John Ellis, Efquires ; and Capt.
Edward Briggs.

YORK City. Sir Thomas Fairfax, and Sir Thomas
Widdringion, Knights ; Thomas Hodgfon, James
Hutchinfon, and John Faux, Aldermen ;' Sir William
4llanfont and Thomas Hoylts

Tewu

238 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. Town of KINGSTON upon HULL and County

l^4ll . thereof. Sir John Hotham, Knt. and Bart. Thomas

April. Raikesy Mayor ; John Hotham and Peregrine Pel-

haniy Efquires j Lancelot Ropery John Bernard,

Jcjhua Rally Nicholas Denman, and wiUiarb Fapple,

Gentlemen.

Sir Hugh CM*. April 3. A Letter to the Houfe of Commons,
ley defots the from Sir John Hothaniy was read, intimating, That
•ament. ^ Hugh cbolmley* Governor of Scarbrough Cattle,
had deferted the Parliament ; but that, by his Di-
rections, the Caftle was regained by Capt. Bufoel',
on which the Houfe immediately expelled Sir Hugby
anddifabled him from ever fitting as a Member there ;
and ordered that he fhould be impeached of High
Treafon, for falfly and perfidioufly betraying the
Truft repofed in him by the Parliament, fallifying
his Proteftation, and revolting to the Popifh Army
raifed againft the Parliament.

Nothing clfe occurring in the 'Journals from this
Time worth Notice, except the foregoing, we (hall
pafs on to the i8th of this Month j when the Par-
liament's Conrtmiffioners being all returned, the
.Earl of Northumberland had the public Thanks of
the Houfe of Lords given him for his prudent Ma-
nagement in that Bufmefs. Lord Clarendon, in
his Account of the Treaty before given, has hinted,
that this Nobleman was one of theSufpeded amongft
the Commiilioners, as too much favouring the
Royal Caufe ; and that Mr. Martin, one of the
The/Ear,1 ?f / Committee of Safety at Weftminjlery had open-
hwingcaneVMr.^ a Letter from the Earl, at Oxfordy to his
Mamn for open- Lady. We find, by the Journals, that this Af-
ing a Letter offajr was highly reiented by his Lordftiip ; who, at
8> his Return, meeting Mr. Martin at a Conference

in the Painted-Chamber, took him afule and que-
ftioned him upon it ; but Mr. Martin] unifying what
he had done, the Earl caned him in the Prefence
. of feveral Perfons Mr. Martin complained of this
to the Houfe of Commons , which produced the

follow-

Of E N G L A N D. 239

following Meflage to the Lords, brought up by Mr. An. 19. Car, !•
Glynne, who faid, ^ '

« He was commanded by the Houfe of Commons ^Jjjj, '
to tell their Lordftiips, that they had always been
very tender of their Lordfhips' Privileges, and very
defirous of the Continuance of a fair Agreement
between both Houfes ; and they were very con-
fident that their Lordfhips would be as tender of
the Privileges of the Houfe of Commons. That
they were informed, That, this Day, Mr. Mar-
tin, a Member of the Houfe of Commons, ap-
pointed by them to be one of the Managers at a
Conference, as he was returning from it, (as the
Members ought to do without any Hindrance or
Violence) was afiaulted in the Painted-Chamber
by a Peer of great Worth, the Earl of Northumber-
land ; which they held to be a Breach of the Privi-
lege of Parliament : And for this, he faid, he was
commanded by the Houfe of Commons to defire
Reparation.'

The Earl being then in the Houfe, flood up and A Conference it
faid, « That he fubmitted himfelf to their l^"*f£
(hips' Judgment in this Bufinefs ; but defired them to privilege,
take his Cafe firft into Confederation, and to get Re-
paration for the great Breach of Privilege done to the
Houfe of Lords, and the Injury to himfelf, by Mr.
Martin, in opening his Lordftiip's Letter fent from
Oxford, without any Authority ; he being a Peer of
that Houfe, and then employed by it as one of the
Committee to treat with his Majefly about the Af-
fairs of the Kingdom.'

All the Anfwer the Lords gave to this MefTage
from the Commons, at firft, was, That they would
fend one by Meflengers of their own. They then
took into Confideration the Fact done by Mr. Mar-
tin, in opening the Earl's Letter without any Au-
thority : And confidering the Earl of Northumber-
land as a Member of the Houfe of Lords, and as a
Perfon of that Capacity he was in when the Faci
was committed, being employed by their Houfe to
treat with his Majefty about the great Affairs of the

King-

240 The Parliamentary His TORT

19. Car. I. Kingdom, they conceived the Matter to be a great
— 4 -Breach and Violation of the Privileges of their Houfe;

ant* *£ was re^ve<^ to have a Conference with the
Commons, the next Morning, concerning their
Privileges, and to give them a Narration jof the
whole Bufmefs ; and a MelTage was fern down ac-
cordingly. But though we arc told, by the Lords
Journals, that a Conference was held the next Day,
and a Narration of the Fa£t made by their Lordfhips -t
yet it is not entered in either Journal, nor is there
any more faid about this Bufinefs. c

April 21. Mr. Martin had dropp'd fome Ex-
prefSons, at a Conference, the Day before, which
the Lords refented : It feems that Houfe was not
fo forward in palling Ordinances for feizing the
Eftates of Delinquents, as the other ; and, this
Day, the Lords making fome Objections to an
Ordinance of that Sort, they recollected that Mr.
Martin faid,

' I have Something to deliver to your Lordfhips
in the Behalf of the Houfe of Commons. It is
true, my Lords, there are fome Privileges be-
lonsing to the Houfe of Peers, and others to
the Houfe of Commons ; and this of railing
Monies you have ever, folely, attributed to them ;
fo as your Lordmips have never rcfufed to join
•with them, when they have brought up any Thing
that concerns the raifing of Money : And, there-
fore, they expect you would not now refufe to pafs
this Ordinance without giving them fome very good
Reafons for it.

The Lords debated this Matter for fome Time,
and afterwards appointed a Committee of ten Lords
to confiderof a fit Way how to vindicate the Privi-
lege of their Houfe, in this Particular : But it is
probable this Matter was dropp'd as the former, for
we find nothing more of it in the Journals.

This

« It is probable the Affair was privately made up, and that Nfr.
Martin was prevailed upon to give Satisfaction to the Earl, rather
thaa diioblige a Man of fuch Contequcnce to the whole Party.

Of E N G L A N D. 241

The Civil War now breaking out again, with An. 19. Car. I.
frefh Fury, in moft Parts of the Nation, there l643-
are few Proceedings in the Journals of either Houfe *"" TVT""J-
•worth Notice, in this Month, which are not re-
lative thereto. We lhall not enter into a Defcrip-
tion of the Battles, Sieges, Skirmifhes, or other
Military Tranfactions of thefe Times, any further
than giving the Letters of Intelligence, which both
Houfes received from their Generals in different
Parts. Thefe being moft unqueftionably authentic,
and very few of them ever printed, highly deferve
the Public Attention ; as either confirming, or fet-
ting afide, the Accounts given by later Hiftorians.

April 25. A Letter from the Earl of Effex, who
then lay before Reading with his whole Army, was
read, in the Houfe of Lords, addrefled to their
Speaker, in thefe Words :

My Lord,

T Hold it my Duty to acquaint the Parliament with The Earl of £/-
•* fome Pajfages that happened Yejierday Morning ffx>s I^te^ftom
and this lajl Night. In the Morning, about Two of orc
the Clock, Captain Kerr, that commands Sir Wil-
liam Balfour'j Troop, with two Troops more, being
upon the Guard at Caverfham, to take Care that no
Provifions Jhould be put into the Town, the General
Ruthen, with about 1500 Horfe and Dragoons y
namely, feven Regiments of Horfe and two or three
hundred Dragoons, fur prized two Centinels ; but, ha-
ving the Alarm, our Troops charged with forty Horfe9
and fo retreated to Colonel Berkeley'* Regiment that
was drawn over the Bridge. The Enemy charging^
the Mufqueteers gave Fire, and attacked Colonel Hoi-
born with his Mufqueteers fo refolutely, that they
wheeled about and went away, otcr few Horfe follow-
ing them three Miles. Their Intention was to put
forty Barrels of Powder into the Town.

That Evening I fent out Colonel Middleton and
Colonel Meldrum with their Horfe, and Colonel
Milne with four Troops of his Dragoons, to find out the
Enemy. They Jell in with them about Eleven at Night,
Q at

nemy. They fell
VOL. XII.

242 The Parliamentary HISTORY

'An. T^ Car. l. at Dorchefter, where the Lift-Guard of Foot lay,
1643. and the King's Standard, which they knew not of till
k« ^^» nJ afterwards.

April. y tj}e Soldiers could have been kept from Plun-

dering^ they might have done much more ; but there
being fsur Troops of Horfe there, beftdes a Regiment
of 'Foot ; and being in Danger of having the Commu-
nication with Wallingford cut off" between them and
its, they only routed mcji of that Regiment, took the
Captain and Lieutenant of th: Life-Guard, another
Lieutenant^ two of the King's Harbingers, one Cornet ,
which they fay was Sir Thomas AftonV, and 40
other Prisoners, with 150 Horfe.

The King draws together all his Forces, Prince
Maurice being come, and Prince Rupert hourly ex~
pefted at Brill, and is inarching this Way ; fo that
Vbe expeft this Night, or Tuefday Night which we
rather conjecture, all their Forces to fall upon us :
Bejides, Proclamations are fent out to raije all the
Country from Jixteen to fixty ; which, if the Parlia-
ment had Jent out in that Kind, it would well have
jlrtngthened their Army.

We doubt not but that God, which bath Jhewed us
Co tnany Blejjings hitherto, will protect us cut of thefe
Storms that threaten us. We, that ferve you, arc
In a hard Condition, lojing all our Fortunes ; and
thof« that are violent ejl again ft the Parliament, have
their EJlates protected ; if the Army be well paid,
it is no Matter ; if not, it mujl break ; which I
think, for the Nwi.ber, is the brave ft Army in Chri-
ftewdom. I believe that the Time is thought long
that Reading holds yet out. I ajjure you it is a very
Jlrong fortified Town, all pallijadoed, and Jlrong in
Out- Works.

1 am very loth to venture the Soldiers upon fuch
Work, it being probable that many may be lojl in
jlarming ; and, now especially, it were our great
Hazard, the Enemy being fo near, and we mujl be
in aPojiure to fight. But I doubt not, by God's
Elcjjtng, I fliall gire a good Account of this great
Bujinefs. Sir William Waller doth not come to
mt according to my ILxpcffation and Order, though

Prince

Of E N G L A N D. 243

Prince Maurice be come from him, and turned upon An, T9> Car> ^
me ; fo that I have now all the King's Forces to deal 1643.
with, both ^uitbout and within the Town, without the \ -* -J
JJJiJlance which I had Reafon to look for. AprU>

Your Lordfhip's

From before Reading,

-April 24,! 643. Humble Servant,

ESSEX.

The fame Day the Commons, at a Conference,
communicated a Letter, which they had drawn up
to be fent to the Lord Fairfax, in the North, to
which they defired their Lordlhips Concurrence j
which was as follows :

My Lord,

rOUR Letter of the ijtb of April hath been A Letter of En*.
imparted to both Houfes of Parliament, twfo """f1?"' ,

, , ' , , i J t t i from bothHoufes

hath commanded us to let you know, that they do to Lord Fairfax*
join with you in their Thanks to God, who hath
hitherto preferved you and thofe fmall Forces from
the Power and Violence of fuch a Multitude of ma-
licious and devouring Enemies ; and, by your Meansy
hath kept feme Part of that Country from their Fury
and Rapine.

They would have you reft ajjured, that they do
very much value your Merit, Induftry, and Courage
exprejfed in fo many great Services ; and that they
cannot manifeft it in fo plentiful Supplies of Mo-
ney, Men, and Ammunition, as they would, and as
the Danger, NeceJJity, and Importance of thofe Parts
do require ; which they defire you to believe nit to
•proceed from any NeglecJ of that County, which they
acknowledge to have contributed as much to the Sup-
port of the Common Caufe as any County in the King-
dom, and have borne as great Burden of the Public
Miferies.

The true Reafon is, That, in this general Com-

lufticn cf the Kingdom, the Contribution of mo ft

Counties are consumed in their own Defence ; and

the City hath been fo extremely exhaujledy that it can

CL 2 hardly

244 ^v Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. 1. hardly fupport the Lord-General's Army, unto which
a great Arrcar remains unpaid, both for Pay and
SuPPfy °f the Magazine : Yet, in this great Dif-
ficulty^ they have taken Care to ajjift you both with
Men, Money, and Munition ; and have ej'pecially
recommended it to the Committee of Lords and Com~
mons, both to procure fuch a Proportion of all, as the
Affairs and Necejffity of the State can afford, and to
dispatch them to you with as much Expedition as may
be.

Your Lord/hip is defired to tell Sir Thomas Fair-
fax, your Son, and the reft of your Commanders, that
their Courage and Conftancy are very much approved
t>y both Houfes ; and that they will endeavour to find
fame Opportunity of a more real and advantageous
Expreffion of the Efteem they have of their Service ;
and likewife to publijh ts all the Soldiers^ that the
Lords and Commons will not forget what they have
done and endured for the Public Defence of Religion^
and of the Kingdom ; or omit any Occafton of giving
them all due Encouragement to continue their Faithful-
nefs in this Service for the future, and a juft Reccm-
fence for that which is pajl. Other Particulars Jhall
be communicated to you by your Agent, Mr. White.

This is all we have now received in Command ; we
Jhatt add nothing of our own, but our hearty Prayers
for the Continuance of God's Protection and Eleffmg
to you, and the affectionate RefpecJs of

Your Lordfhip's

WfftmiJifter, April 25,

1643. tnends and Servants,

MANCHESTER,
Speaker of the Houfe of Peers
pro Tempore,

WILLIAM LENTHALL,

Speaker of the Houfe of Com-
mons in Parliament.

The Palatine Family has been long laid afide
in thele Memoirs, the Parliament, during thefe

Troubles,

Of E N G L A N D. 245

Troubles, taking very little Notice of them : And An. 19. Car. I.
the two Princes of that Houfe, Rupert and Mau- l643-
rice, acting at this Time as principal Command-
ers in the King's Army, the Commons were much
enraged againft them. Some Letters had alfo been
intercepted by the Parliament from the Queen of
Bohemia to the King her Brother, and to her Sons ;
which that Princefs was afraid would have fo far
exafperated them againft her, as to deprive her of
that fmall Allowance, for a Crown'd Head, which
the Parliament had made her, and was then almoft
her only Support. To take ofF therefore any evil
Notions they might have inculcated againft her
by thefe Letters, the Queen wrote the following
artful one to the Houfe of Commons ; which, be-
ing a Singularity in its Kind, well deferves our No-
tice. It was directed to the Speaker, and was in
thefe Words :

S I R,

T TAving under/load, by imperfeff Reports y of the The Queen of
•*•* Interception of feme Letters, which 1 wrote Bohemia'* Letter
occafionally to the King and my Sons, whereat tbe^g*^0*
Parliament had taken Offence, I cannot be at Reji Common*.
'//'// / have endeavoured to remove all fuch Impref-
fions as might deprive me ef their good Opinion^
zuhich 1 fo truly value, and have ever found fa-
vourable in my Behalf. I would therefore in treat
you to acquaint the Honourable Houfe of Commons^
whereof you are Speaker, that albeit I cannot at
prefent remember what 1 then particularly wrote^ yet
if any Thing did, perchance, Jlip from my Pen, in
the private Relation between a Mother and a Son9
which might give them the leajl Dijlajie, 1 intreat
them to make no worfe Conjiruftion of it than was
by me intended ; having never admitted of any Thought
or Refolutions, which hath not been fmcere and
(cnjiant to the Public Peace and Profperity of the
Jiingdom.

With this Profejjion I defire the Honourable Houfe
to rej} fatisfied ; that I may Jland as upright in their
0.3

246 Tlye Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. l.Judgments as I am in my own dffeftions ; and that

l643- thereupon, confidenng the Dijlreft whereunto I am

V"""V"T""J brought by the Wrongs and Opprejfion of mine Enemies ,

they vu:uld give them Occafion to rejoice by flopping thofe

necejjary Supplies , which, by the Love of the King ;/;y

Father, and the King my Brother, 1 have hitherto

enjoyed, and without which 1 have no other Subjiftence

in this World.

I do therefore intreat the Honourable Houfe to take
my prejfing JVants into their kind Confederation, and
give fuch fpeedy Order for my Relief, that I may be
kept from Inconvenience in a foreign Country.

Sir, I crave your Favour in representing hereof ",
and I Jhall ever remain

Your moft afTured Friend,
Ha^pri, ,3, ELIZABETH.

After this Letter was read, it was ordered to be
entered in the Journals of the Houfe of Com-
mons, to be confidered of on Thurftay Morning
next, this Day being Tuefday\ and the Speaker
directed to put the Houfe in Mind of it. But we
find no farther Mention of it, neither on that Day,
nor any fucceeding.

April 27. The Houfe of Commons finding that
their Armies were in great Want of Pay, they had
a Conference with the Lords about it j in which
they offered the following Proportions :

A Conference on Fi>Ji, • On ao~' unt of the Lo-d-General's Let-
thc Means for ter, they confide -a that >iis Eftate was all feque-
<s ^ret* a feized upon, whereby he was utterly un-
$ able to bear the Charge now laid upon him ; therefore
the Commons defired the Lords to expedite the Or-
der, formerly fent to them, for to put the Lord-
General into Poflefiion of the Lord Capers Eftate.

* In the fame Letter they took Notice, that the
Army was in Danger to difband, unlefs Care be
taken to fupply it with Money ; therefore the Com-
mons defired their Lordfhips to join with them in

fending

Of E N G L A N D. 247

jending a feledr. Committee of both Houfes to the An. 19. Car. I.
City of London, this Morning, to communicate the l643«
Lord-General's Letter to them, except that Part of ~-~ — '
it concerning Sir William. Waller and Delinquents'
Eftates ; and to offer to them personal Security, of
the Members of both Houfes, to raife a confiderable
Sum of Aloney for the Relief of the Army : Like-
wife to return the Common Council Thanks for
the procuring of the late Sum of 44,000 /. Alfo
* To let them know, that the King is now draw-
ing his Forces into the Field, and has made Pro-
clamation for all, from fixteen to fixty, to come in
to his Affiftance ; therefore to defire the City to get
their Forces in Readinefs to defend it, the adjacent
Counties, and the Lord-General, if there be Oc-
cafion. And

' To defire the City to colled}, fpeedily, the Mo-
ney that is behind on the Weekly Aflerfment ; and,
fince the Burdens of voluntary Contributions are
very great, and divers rich Men have done nothing
in the Counties, the Houfe of Commons defired
their Lordfhips to pafs the Ordinance for feizing
the Twentieth Part of the Malignants' Eftates in
the Country, which would fpeedily bring in a con-
fiderable Sum.'

The Lords agreed to fend a Committee of both
Houfes into the City, upon the Particulars afore-
mentioned j but they objected againft enjoining
any Lords to give their perfonal Securities for the
procuring of Money, and left every Lord to do
therein as he pleafed. And as to the Ordinance
for fequeftring all the Lord Capet's, and that for
the Twentieth Part of Malignants' Eftates, the
Lords would take them into their Confideration.
The Earls of Eollngbroke a, Manchejler b, and Rut-
land % were nominated, by the Lords, to vifit the
City.

dpril 29, Many Judgments of Sequeftration
againft Clergymen from their Livings, with the

Addition

a Oliver St. Jobn, b Edward Montague, « J<&n Maanen,

248 Tbe Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. Addition of Imprifonment to their Perfons, for
preaching againft the Proceedings of the Parlia-
ment, are entered in both "Journals about this
Time. And,

This Day, a Meflage was brought up from the
Commons, importing, That whereas it had pleafed
God to give the Lord-General good Succefs in the

A Thankfgivlngtaking of Rea!Hng wjth fo little Blood, the Com-
" '° mons had voted to have public Thanks given in all
Churches and Chapels in the Cities of London and
Wejlminjler, and the Suburbs, the next Day, for
fo great a Mercy which God had vouchfafed them.
Agreed to by the Lords.

May 2. We now firft meet with the Name of
Mr. Oliver Cromwell, as an Officer of Rank in the
Parliament's Army ; a particular Ordinance being
made concerning him and fome more Officers, as
Charles Fleelwood, Edward Wballey, and John Def-
lorougb : Names which will occur more frequently
in the Sequel. The faid Ordinance appoints, ' That
whereas Authority was given, by a former, to Col.
Oliver Cromwell^ and others, for the feizing of the
Perfons, Horiies, Arms, Money, and Plate of Ma-
lignants and ill-affected Perfons in the County of
Cambridge, the Ifle of Ely, &c.' It was now further
ordained, That the faid Col. Cromwell, fcfr. fhall
have Authority to feize their Corn and Cattle, as
well as other Goods, under the Protection of both
Houfes of Parliament.

The Dutch had been, of late, much courted by
the Englijh Parliament, to prevent any Supplies of
Men, Arms, or Money being fent over to the
King's Affiftance; but their Agent, Mr. Strickland,
at the Hague, could not hinder them from felling
Arms, or taking Pawns of the Queen's, or Crown,
Jewels, for that Purpofe. At this Time the Par-
liament was alarmed with the Report of a Naval
Armament, then getting; ready at Dunkirk, which
Was to ac~t againft theirs^at Sea j to prevent which,

the

Of ENGLAND. 249

the following Letter was agreed upon, by both An. 19. Car. I.
Houfes, to be fent to their High Mightinefles with
ail Speed.

High and Mighty Lords,

JT^E are commanded, by the Lords and Commons The Parlia-
'* In Parliament, to make known to your Lord- meat's Letter to
/hips, that fever ai Advertifements have been given to ^^"j^?™"
the Committee of the Lords and Commons* ap- good Corrdpon-
pointed by both Houfes to take Care of the Safety 0/"dence,
the Kingdom on all Occajions that concern the fame,
both at home and abroad, That the King hath hired
divers Ships and Frigates of Dunkirk, to the Num-
ber of 24, or thereabouts ; and that he intended to
employ them againjl the Fleet appointed by the Par~
liament for the Defence of this Kingdom. It was
further informed. That two of thffe Ships, or Fri-
gates, were permitted to pafs, out cf Dunkirk, by
the Admiral of your Lordjhips fleet, by Warrant
or fame Command from his Highnefs the Prince of
Orange ; which Information that Committee ordered
fttould be communicated to Mr. Strickland, now re-
fident in the Hague by Authority and InftruEiions
from both Houfes ; which Direction of that Com-
mittee of both Houfes was likewise feconded by an
Order of the Commons' Houfe, and Mr. Strickland
commanded to prefent it to your Lordjhips as he hath
done.

We are to intreat your Lordjhips to believe, that
the two Houfes have fuch an Opinion of the Wifdom
and Jujlice of your State, that they cannot eafily con-
ceive you would do any Thing fo much to the Preju-
dice cf the Interejl of yourjelves, as well as of the
Kingdom ; and the high EJleem and Value -which they
fet upon your Friendjhip and Correfpondency is fuchy
that they would not fuffer any Report of that Na-
ture to be fpread in the World, but fpeedily prefent
it to your Lord/hips, as an Information only common-
ly fpoken of, to the great Prejudice and Difreputa-
tinn of that near Union and Concurrence between this
Ktngdmp, and your Staie> which they rrsft earnejlly

2 50 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. ig. C*i.l.figfirg may ever be continued; and they very much
rejoice to hear, that there was no Ground for that
Report in any Resolution of your Lordjhips, nor in
any Command or Direction of the Prince of Orange ;
whofe eminent Power and Abilities they Jhall always
hope will be exprefs'd in fuch Counfels and Actions
as may be mojl agreeable for the Prefirvation of th'e
Reformed Religion, and the Intereft of both States,
againft the antient known Enemies of both : And the
Lords and Commons do ajjure your Lordjhips, that
you Jhall never difcern any Thing, in their Intentions
and Proceedings, but what, in their Judgment, Jhall
be mojl proper and effectual to that End ; and as they
rejl fully fatisfied concerning the Vanity and Faljhood
of that Report, fo they pray your Lordjhips to rejl
ajfured, that thi: Information was appointed to be
frefented to you, out of a tender Ajfettion to pre-
ferve both the Being and Reputation of an inviolable
Conjunction betwixt this Kingdom and your State*
without Intention to reflefl upon the Honour of his
Highnefs the Prince cf Orange ; and they defire you
fo to continue your favourable Audience to Air. Strick-
land, and to give Credit to him, as one authorized by
both Houfes of Parliament to csmmunicate to you the
Affairs of this Kingdom, and to cherij]} the Peace and
Amity betwixt the two States, which the two Houfes of
Parliament are confident he will ever faithfully and
tffettually perform.

We commend the Profperity of your State, and of
your Lordfnips, to God?s Blejftng, and remain

Your Lorcifhips

Wcftminfter, May 25

1643- Affe&ionate Friends

and Servants,

MANCHESTER,

Speaker of the Houfe of Peers,
pro Tetnpore.

WILLIAM LENTHALL,

Speaker of the Houfe of Com-
mons.

Of E N G L A N D. 251

May 3. One De Luke having broke open the An. 19. Car. !•

King's Stables, and taken two young Horfes be-
longing to his Majefty, the Lords ordered the
Horfes to be reftored, and De Luke to attend them
to anfwer it. This Man produced his Warrant
to the Meffenger, from Mr. Martin ; and Mr.
Martin himfelf denied to return the Horfes, faying,
We have taken the King's Ships and Forts, and may
as well take his Horfes, left they might be employed
again/I us ; but, however, he added, he would ac-
quaint the Haufe of Commons therewith the next
Morning, who would fatisfy the Lords at a Confe- DIfPute
rence. This the Lords took very ill, and, at U^^i
Conference, they told the Commons, That they King's Horfes.
had refolved to write to the Lord-General, to
recall Mr. Martin's Commiffion ; but, for himfelf,
they had done nothing, in regard he was a Mem-
ber of their Houfe. Adding, That they did ap-
ply themfelves unto the Commons in all Refpeft
and Civility, and did look for Reparation in this
Bufmefs. Inftead of which, the Commons, on
their Return to the Houfe, voted, That Mr. Mar-
tin did well in not delivering the two Horfes till
he had made them acquainted with it : That thefe
two Horfes fhould be kept by Mr. Martin till this
Houfe gives further Order ; and that the Lord-
General fhould be defired not to do any Thing in
the Bufmefs concerning Mr. Martin, till he heard

further from that Houfe. To fo low an Ebb

was the Authority of the Houfe of Peers already re-
duced !

May 5. An Order of Parliament was made, The Book of
That the Book, enjoining and tolerating of Sports Sports ordered t»
upon the Lord's Day, be forthwith burnt, by the be burnt'
Hands of the common Hangman, in Cheapftde,
and other ufual Places. The Sheriffs of London
and Middlefex were to attend, and fee this Order
duly executed ; and all Perfons, who had any of the
faid Books, were ordered to bring them to one of
the Sheriffs, for their utter Dcftruction,

May

252 The Parliamentary Hi s x o R v

An. 19. Car. I. jtfay $ q^e Lords were frill much occupied in
trying and condemning to Sequeftration, Imprifon-
ment, &c. many more of the Clergy, whom the
Commons had accufed of Difaffecfaon to their
Caufe, and Superftition in Religion, as bowing to
the Altar, and the like : To prevent which, the
King put out a Proclamation againft opprefiing
the Clergy, and intruding of factious and fchifma-
tjcal Perfons into their Cures ; and inverting or de-
taining their Tythes and Pofieflions, by Order
of one or both Houfes of Parliament, contrary to
all Law and Juftice. But this had no Effect, for
they ftill went on to fequefter Numbers of the
Clergy ; though, this Day, they were interrupted
by a Mefliige from the King, occafioned by a Bill
lately lent "down to his Majefty, for his Royal
Aflent to it. This MelTage was introduced, as
ufual, by a Letter to the Speaker of the Houfe
of Lords, from the Lord Falkland, and was as
follows :

CHARLES £.

TheKing'sMef-* TT I S Majefty hath, with great Deliberation,
fage concerning « I COnfidered and weighed a Bill, lately pre-

' lented to him b>' Sir Rohert f^' Knt- William
' JePhfon and ^//;«r Hill, Efquires, from both

* Houfes of Parliament, intituled, An Aft for the

* fpeedy Payment of Monies fubfcribcd towards the

* reducing of the Rebels in Ireland, which yet re-

* mained unpaid. And though, in thefe miferable
4 Times of Diftraction, where there are Armies,
4 pretended to be levied by Order of both Houfes,

* almoft in every County of the Kingdom, and the
' good old Laws (the Obfervation whereof would

* preferve the Public Peace) violated and fuppref-

* fed ; when the Treaty, hopefully begun towards
4 a happy Peace, is broken, and the Committee

* recalled by both Houfes, as if they intended no

* farther Oveiture for laying down Arms, hut to

* decide all Differences by the Sword ; the World

* will eafily judge, whether his Majeity might not

* well

Of E N G L A N D. 253

* Well deny to confent to any new Aft of Parliament ; An. 19. Car. I.
« the much Major Part of both Houfes being, by

« Force and Violence, driven and kept from thofe
« Councils, and his Majefty himfelf not fuffered to
' be prefent : Yet fuch is his Compaffion of Soul

* towards his poor Proteftant Subjects of that his
' Kingdom of Ireland^ that he would willingly en-
' tertain any Expedient whereby it might be evi-
' dent the Condition of that Kingdom might be
' relieved, and the Diffractions of this in no Danger
' of being increafed : And therefore his Majefty de-
' fires to be fatisfied in thefe Particulars :

I. * How the great and vaft Sums of Money al-
« ready raifed by the feveral Acts of Parliament for
' the Relief of Ireland, and which, by thofe Acts,
' ought not to be employed to any other Purpofe
« than reducing the Rebels, untill they (hall be de-
' clared to be fuhdued, have been expended ? His
' Majefty having been informed, that no lefs than
' 100,000 /. of that Money was, by one Order of
' one or both Houfes, iflued for the Maintenance of

* the Army, which hath given him Battle, under
' the Command of the Earl of EJJex.

II. ' How his Majefty fhall be fecured, that the
« Money, which, by his Majefty's Confent, fhall
4 be raifed for the Support of his Army in Ireland*

* fhall not, for the future, be diverted from that
' Ufe, and employed againft him in this Kingdom.

III. * Whether it be juft to compel his good Sub-
c jects, who have fubfcribed, to pay thofe Subfcrip-

* tions, when as, at the Time they did fubfcribe, they
' conceived themfelves abfolved from their Under-

* taking, if, at any Time, they were content to

* forfeit the Sum mentioned in that Act : For his

* Majefty doth not conceive, that, by that Act,
« they are liable to pay the whole Subfcriptions, but
« to fubmit to the Penalty injoined : And then his
' Majefty is not fatisfied, that, by a new Law, it
' can be juft to compel them to what, at the firft,

* they undertook voluntarily •, and, it may be, would

* not have undertaken but upon the Liberty they con-

* ceived to be then left them ?

IV.

254 The Parliamentary HISTORY

I. IV. « Whether the Power given by this new Bill
' to Warner i Towfe, and Andrews (Perfons of whofe
< Integrity and Affedions to the Public Peace his
' Majefty is in no Degree fatisfied) be not too great ;
' any Certificate of theirs being Ground enough to
« extend the Eftate of any Subjed in England, whe-

* ther he ever under- writ or not ?

V. * Whether all Lands, extended by Virtue of
« this Ad, being to continue in Extent till all For-

* feitures be fatisfied, it may not be very prejudicial

* to Creditors to whom thofe Lands are liable ; and

* and fo the Common Juftice may be difturbed ?

VI. c Whether, by this Ad, the Extents being
' not to be avoided, or delayed, for Omiflion of any

* Lands, the fame may not be prejudicial to all Pur-
' chafers ; and whether it be not againft the known
< Courfe of the Law ?

' His Majefty defires to receive Satisfadion from

* both Houfes of Parliament in thefe Particulars with

* all pofiible Expedition ; and then he {hall give all
' the World an Account how fenfible he is of the
' Mifery of Ireland^ and how defirous he is to find

* or embrace any Way for their Relief; the beft, if
' not the only,Way to which, his Majefty conceives,

* would be by a good and blefTed Accommodation of

* thelamentableDiftradionsofthisKingdom; which,

* if the Matter of his Majefty's laft Meflage were fo
' entertained, as his Majefty hoped and expeded,
' might, by the Bleffing of God, in a fhort Time
« be effeded.'

May 12. On the Petition of a Clergyman to the
Lords, complaining, That the Archbifhop of Can-
terbury d refufed to inftitute and collate him to a Par-
fonage, it was refolved, That an Ordinance of Par-
liament {hould be parted, by both Houfes, for fe-
queftring all his Jurifdidion and Power of beftow-
ing Livings, and to place them in the Power and
Difpofal of Parliament : That the King's Counfel
fliould draw up an Ordinance to this Purpofe, and
when it came to be fent down to the Commons,

to

* miliamLaud.

Of E N G L A N D. 255

to defire that Houfe to think of proceeding againftAn, 19. Car. I*
the faid Archbifliop, upon their Charge of High

Treafon< V~^r«yTJ'

The fame Day the Lord-General, being in the

Houfe of Lords, reprefented the State and Condition
of the Army, and the great Want of Money ;
which was the Reafon why they could not march,
and take the Advantages which occurred to them :
He likewife made a Ihort Narrative of the taking
of Reading. Upon which it was refolved to return
Thanks to his Excellency for his good Conduct,
and alfo to have a Conference with the Other Houfe,
in order to quicken them to confider of a certain
Way of fupplying the Army with Money ; that it
might not be again in the Straits it had been before,
and lofe the Opportunities that are offered ; which
might difcourage the Lord -General's Forces, and
. encourage the other Side.

The Lord- General further fignified, that he gave
Command to the Lord Grty, Colonel Cromwell,
and other Forces in the North, to draw themfelves
into a Body, which had not been done accord-
ing to his Directions ; by which Neglect Con-
voys of Waggons and Ammunition were come
to the King without any Interruption. On this
the Lords thought fit to recommend the Examina-
tion of this Affair to the Lord-General, why his
Commands were not obeyed, and where he found
the Difobedience and Neglect, to recall his Com-
miflions.

The next Day the Effect of this Conference was
reported, That the Houfe of Commons agreed
with their Lordfhips in giving public Thanks to A Committee «r.
the Lord-General, and defired that the Speakers dered to go into
of both Houfes might go to his Lordfhip for that £cj
Purpofe : Alfo that they agreed in fettling fome the Ar
certain Way of raifing Money for the Supply of the
Army ; and defired that a Committee of both
Houfes might be fent into the City, to declare to
them the Neceflity of it. A Committee was fent
accordingly.

It

256

The Parliamentary I Ti STORY

An. 19. Car. I. It is neceuary to be rem- Place,

that a Committtee of Lords and v on
for fome Days paft, fat conftantly at ...
dajhen -Hall, appointed purely for Advance cf
Monies ; and, to all that would freely lend, the
Parliament allowed 8/. per Cent. But, to thofe
that would neither give nor lend, nor pay the
Weekly AfTeffment, a Power was given to their
Collectors to diftrain, by Force, and publickly
fell the Goods for the fpeedier Payment of it ; for
which Service Three-pence in the Pound, and all
other incident Charges were allowed them : And
this was praSifed, where they had the Power, all
over England, as well as at London. Twelve -
pence in thS Pound was alfo ordered to be paid to
any Perfons who could inform where fuch Goods
were fecreted or hid.

We have already taken Notice that feveral Gen-

tlemen, nominated by the Parliament as Sequeftra-

tors of Delinquents Eftates, had forborne, for diffe-

Cbmmons for rent Reafons, to execute that Office ; and there

punifliing 'fuch appearing the fame Backwardnefs in executing the

CommifiionersofOrdinances for raifing Money by Afleflment, the

rwfofoi Commons f°und {t neceffary to make an Order,
whereby fuch Commiffioners as (hould refufe to
join, or fign any Warrants, or to meet the reft of
the Commiffioners, not being detained by Sicknefs,
or other inevitable Impediments, fhould be reputed
Perfons ill affected to the Parliament ; and that
their Names {hould be returned to the Houfe of
Commons, in order that their Eftates might be
feized and fequeftred in the fame Manner as thofe
of Papifts and Delinquents. - But it does not ap-
pear that the Confent of the Lords was ever afked,
or given, to this Order.

May 15. The Parliament's Declaration con-
cerning the late Treaty was this Day agreed to by
both Houfes, and ordered to be printed and pub-
liihed. The King's came out fome Time before.

Both

Of ENGLAND. 257

Both thefe, which are too prolix for our Purpofe,An. 19. Car. I.
may be found in the Collections of thefe Times a. *f 43* ^

The Lord General delivered to the Lords divers M
Copies of Examinations, taken at Briftol, concern-
ing a Lte Confpiracy there to give up that City to
the King. This Affair is alfo fully difcufled by Cla-
rendon, Rujbworth, and other Hiftorians.

On the gth of this Month there had been a Mef-
fage fent up from the Commons to the Other Houfe,
defiring them to nominate and appoint a Com-
mittee of Lords, to join with a proportionable
Number of the Commons, to be fent into Scotland^
to intreat the Scots to give Aid and Affiftance to this
Kingdom, according to the Acl of Pacification,
This Day the faid Requeft was again renewed by
the Commons, but not yet agreed to by the Other
Houfe.

At the fame Time a Letter was brought up, ready
drawn, with an Intent to fend it into Scotland, as a
Complaint againft fome Scots Lords for affifting the
King againft the Parliament ; which was agreed to
by the Lords. This Letter was directed to the
Privy Council of Scotland, and to the Commiflioners
for the Prefer vation of the Peace of the Kingdom,
and was as follows :

Our very good Lords,

CT'H E Lnrds and Commons of England, now #/- A Letter of Com*
fembled in Parliament, in Purfuance of that plaint to thePri*
Amity and Correfpondency which they deftre Jhould VJ Council of

. t i IT • I Scotland againft

ever continue between the two Nations, have com- the Eari
mandtd us to remonjlrate unto your Lordjhips, That burgh,
divers great Officers and Peers of the Realm of
Scotland, namely, the Earl of Roxburgh, Earl of
Morton, Earl of Annandale, Earl of Kinnoul,
Earl of Carnwath, and Earl of Lanerk, have*
during the Time of their Continuance here, made
them/elves Incendiaries between the King and his
People ; and have advifed Afls of Hoftility againft
the Subjects of this Realm, to their great Harm
and Wrong ; contrary to the Laws, of the Realm,
VOL. XII. R and

a Hufrandi, Fol, Edit, from p, 91 to p, lij.

258 TTtf Parliamentary HISTORV

I. and contrary to tie Att of Pacification^ as appears ly
a Letter under their own Hands , a Copy whereof they
fend here indofed b.

They do earneJHy, therefore, deftre your Lordjbips,
11)at Order may be taken for fpeedy Proceedings to be
"had again/} them, and agairjl fuch, within the f aid
Realm of Scotland, that /hall ajjijl, receive, and
harbour them, or any of them ; that fo they may re-
ceive fuch Punijhment for their faid Offence, as by
the faid AR of Pacification is provide a1. Herewith
we take our Leaves^ and reft

Your Lord (hips

Weftminfter, May 15, .

,643. Friends and Servants,

MANCHESTER,

Speaker of the Houfe of Peers
•pro Tempore.

WILLIAM LENTHALL,

Speaker of the Houfe of Commons.

May 1 6. An Order was made by the Commons,
dire&ed to all Juftices of Peace, &c. all over Eng-
land and Wales, to put the Statute, imo "jacoli, in
Execution, That no ftrong Beer or Ale {hould be
fold at above one Penny the Quart ; and, of all
other Beer, two Quarts for the Penny.

An Excife was alfo laid on, at this Time, as
An E*cife hid follows : s. d.

on Ale, Cyder, por each Barrel of ftrons; Beer or Ale. of 8*.

For a Hoglhead of Cyder or Perry, I o

To be paid by the firft Buyer. The fame
Tax was laid on the Houfe- keeper, for
Beer, Ale, Cyder, or Perry, brewed or
made for his own Spending.
All Alehoufe- keepers, or Inn-holders, that 1
brew and fell ftrong Beer and Ale of their V2 O
own, each Barrel, 3

For

b This Letter was intercepted, in the TCorth, by the Lord Talr-
fax, and by him fen; Co the Paiiiamcat ; But it is not entered in the

Of ENGLAND. 259

For all Sorts of retailed Wines, over and ~\ s. d. An. 19. Car. I.

above the Cuftoms due for the fame, to be £ 0 2

paid by the firft Retailer, a Quart, j

On all Sorts of Wines bought here, befides ~)

Cuftoms, to be paid by the firft Buyer, /

for all he (hall ufe in his own Houfe, for f

a Quart,

The fame to be paid by the Merchant for
all the Wine he fhall ufe in his own Houfe,
befides the due Cuftoms.
For a Barrel of fix Shillings Beer fold, to "I

be fpent, as well in Private as in Victual- I

ling Houfes, to be paid by the common f o 6

Brewer, or thofe that brew or fell the I

fame Beer,
On all Tobacco, not of Englijh Plantation, 7

the Pound Value, not Weight, 5^"

For the Englijh Plantation Tobacco, the ^

fame Value; both over and above all >2 O

other Cuftoms, 3

The Committee, who brought in thefe Rates,
were ordered to proceed in railing of Money, by
laying a Charge on other Commodities c.

May 18. At a Conference, this Day, the Com-
mons communicated the following Letter they had
received out of Buckinghamjhire^ containing an Ac-
count of divers Murders, Burnings, and Plunder-
ings, committed by the King's Forces in thatCounty.
It was directed, For our much-honoured Friend Colo-
#£/Hampden, 0r, in his Abfence, to Colonel Good-
vvyn, or Bulftrode Whitlocke, Efa

SIR, Aylefbury, May 16, 1643.

The King hath fent into thefe Parts abjut 12 or King's Troops.
R 2 v 1400

« This is the firft Inftance we meet with of an Excife. The Plan,
which is printed at large in Hujbandi't Colleciiens, p. 267, &c. was
vigoroufly purfued in the Proteftorfliip of Crcmive//, andeftablifhed by
A£l of Parliament foon after the Reftwation. How far it has fincc
been extended every Body knows*

260 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 19. Car. I. 1400 of bis Forces, commanded, as we are v formed^
'4 *^e ^ar^ °f Cleveland d» wbo *s accompanied with

the Lord Chandois, Lord Crawford, Sir John By-
ron, and others of Note ; who, contrary to the known.
Laws of the Land, pillage and plunder all the Towns
where they come. They murder our Neighbours that
make any Defence to preferve their Goods, one Wo-
man, among the re/?, tig with Child, who could make
Tio Rejijlance ; they cut in Pieces what Houjhcld Goods
they cannot carry away ; they fweep clean divers of our
Pa/lures, leaving no Cattle behind them ; and that
no Cruelty might be left unexercifed by them, they have>
ibis Day, fired a Country Pillage, calfd Swanburne,
in feven Places of the Town, for no other Reafon
but becaufe they were not willing to be plundered of
all they had; and guarded the Fire fo carefully, with
all their Forces aivided into feveral Parts, that no
Neighbour durjl adventure to come to quench it all the
while it burned.

Our Forces in this Garrifon, confi/ling only of Foot,
faving one Troop of Horfe, were not able to encounter
with the Enemy, nor relieve our Neighbours thus de-

iled ; but yet, to interrupt that which to them is a
t ?rt, we drew out fame Forces in their Sight, as
far as with Safety we could ; whereby they have not
afted this Day all the Adi/chief they intended to execute
tefore Night : But what they have left undone To- day y
we expecJ, e'er they leave us, they will make up ; for they
are now fo flrong that they quarter at Buckingham,
and where they pleafe in thefe Parts, without Refijlance.

We wijh the Parliament's Army were fo accommoda-
ted that this County, which hath hitherto been, and yet
is, mojl ready toferve and obey the Orders of the Hottjes,
might not be de/iroycd, and made utttrly unable to con-
tribute unto it, before vje can be relieved by it ; but
relying upon God's Providence, and the be ft Aleans
which may be afforded to preferve it, we rejl

Your loving Friends,

JOHN WITTEWRONG.
THOMAS TYRREL.

Upon

* Tfonat Wtntviortb,

Of ENGLAND. 261

Upon this Letter the Houfe of Commons pafs'dAn. 19. Car. I.
fome Votes, to which they defired their Lordfhips
Concurrence, and that the faid Letter might be *~~^~~~*
fpeedily printed and publiflied.

I. * That this Houfe {hall invite the feveral Votes of both
Counties under the Power of the Parliament, atHoufcs ther«*
the Moving of my Lord General, to rife and join"^°
with his Excellency, with all their Force and
Strength, in the Maintenance of this Caufe of Re-
ligion, for the Piefervation of the Proteftant Re-
ligion, and to prevent the fettin^ up of Popery irt
England and Ireland; and to redeem themfelvea
from the Rapines, Cruelties, Spoils, and Murders
committed upon them by the King's Forces ; and
that Letters be fent from both Huufes for this Pur-
pofe.'

The Lords agreed to this Vote.

Next it was defired by the Houfe of Commons,
That Mr. Jepbfon might make a Narrative to the
Lords of fome PafTages that came to his Knowledge
at Oxford when he was there, -viz.

« That when he was at Oxford he did fee the
Lord Dillon and the Lord Taaffe near about his
Majefty, being great Papifts, and keeping Corrref-
pondency with the Rebels in Ireland j and he cal-
ling to Mind what Letters he had feen in Munjler?
in Ireland, written to the Earl of Mujkerry^ a chief
Rebel, under their Hand-writing, which was to
this Effect : c To exhort him to encourage the Re-

* bels there to go on ; and though the King's Af-

* fairs were now fuch that he could not be feen in
' it, yet, in the End, he would thank them for
' it.' Upon this Mr. Jephfon faid, he went to the
Lord Vifcount Falkland, to acquaint him therewith,
and told him of this particular Bufmefs, and what
dangerous Perfons they were to be near the King.
His Lordfhip faid, He that writ this deferved to
be bangd ; neverthelefs nothing is yet done to
remove them from the King's Council ; but the
Lord Taaffe is fmce fent into Inland about the Af-
fairs there.'

, R 3 Tht

±62 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. The Huufe of Commons taking thefe Particulars
1643. into Confideration, and feeing the fame Spirit here
>-~-y— — ^ againft the Proteftant Religion, and the rooting out
May' of Proteftants, as is in Ireland, have made another
Vote, wherein they defire their Lordfhips Concur-
rence, viz.

2. ' That Proceedings {hall be had againft all
Papifts whaifoever, as Traitors, that have been in
Arms or adtual War againft the Parliament, or have
furni filed the King with Horfe, Arms, Ammunition,
or Money, to the Maintenance of this War.'

The Lords agreed with the Commons in this
Vote, leaving out the Word whatsoever.

May 20. Another Conference was held between
the two Houfes, the Effect of which was, That the
Commons prefented to the Lords certain Votes they
had lately paflfed, and left them to their Lordfliips
Confideration.

Refolutions of '• ' That the Great Seal of England ought, by
the Commons the Law of the Land, to attend the Parliament,
relating to the 2. ' That the Great Seal ot England doth not at-
CrcatSe . ^enc| ^ par];ament, as, by the Laws of the Land^
it ought to do.

3. ' That, by reafon of this, the Commonwealth
hath fuffered many grievous Mifchiefs, tending to
the DeftrucTion of King, Parliament, and King-
dom.

4. * That it is the Duty of both Houfes of Par-
liament to provide a fpeedy Remedy for thefe Mif-
chiefs.

5. « That a Great Seal of England {hall be
forthwith made, to attend the Parliament for the
Difpatch of the Affairs of Parliament and King-
dom.'

This laft Vote occafioned a Divifion in the Houfe,
when the Numbers were 86 for making a new Seal,
and 74 againft it ; in all 160 Members prefent :
The moft that have divided on any Queftion for a
Jong Time.

The Commons alfo added fome Reafons, upon
fyhich thefe Votes were grounded j which are not

enter'd

Of ENGLAND. 263

__.._. 'd. The Lords def.
Matters till another Day.

vxy a-/ a. ^ ^-P JL~/ JL *. j. •* ju-^ • ^« v^ <

cnter'd. The Lords deferred debating on all thefeAn. 19. Cat. I,

n «• .Ml .1 f~v 1643*

May.

. 22. A Meflage from the King was this Day
read in the Houfe of Lords. It was diieded to their
Speaker, and was as follows ;

CHARLES R.

' O I N C E his Majefty's Meflage of the 1 2th ofThe King re-

* O Jpril, in which he conceived he had madejnuih^e™orf

* fuch an Overture for the immediate di{bandingtheizthof>f!pn7.
' of all Armies, and Compofure of thefe prefent

* miferable Diftra&ions, by a full and free Con-

* vention in Parliament, that a perfect and fettled

* Peace would have enfued, he hath, in all this
4 Time, (above a full Month) procured no Anfwer
' from both Houfes ; his Majefty might well believe

* himfelf abfolved, before God and Man, from the

* leaft poflible Charge of not having ufed his utmoft
' Endeavours for Peace ; yet when he confiders
< that the Scene of all the Calamity is in the Bowels
' of his own Kingdoms j that all the Blood

* which is fpilt is of his own Subjects ; and what

* Victory foever it {hall pleafe God to give him, it
' muft be over thofe who ought not to have lifted

* up their Hands againft him : When he confiders
' thefe defperate civil Difientions may encourage

* and invite a foreign Enemy to make a Prey of the
' whole Nation ; that Ireland is in prefent Dan-
' ger of being totally loft ; that the heavy Judg-

* ment of God's Plague, Peftilence, and Famine,
6 will be inevitable Attendants of this unnatural

* Contention ; and that, in a fliort Time, there
' will be fo general a Habit of Uncharitablenefs
' and Cruelty contracted throughout the Kingdom,
' that even Peace itfelf will not reftore his People

* to their old Temper and Security : His Majefty

* cannot but again call for an Anfwer to that his
c Meflage, which gives fo fair a Rife to end thefe
' unnatural Diftra&ions. And his Majefty doth
' this with ths moft Earneftnefs, becaufe he doubts

* not

264 The Parliamentary HISTORY"

An. 19. Car. I.* not but the Condition of his Armies in feveral
« Parts ; his Strength of Horfe, Foot, and Artil-

* leiy ; his Plenty of Ammunition (which fome
Men lately conceived he might have wanted) is Ib
well known and underftood ; that it muft be

* confefled, that nothing but the Tendernefs and
« Love to his People, and thole Chriftian Impref-

* fions which always have dwelt, and-, he hopes,
s always fhall dwell, in his Heart, could move him,

* once more, to hazard a Refufal : And he requires

< them, as they will anfwer to God, to himfelf,
« and all the World, that they will no longer fuf-

< fer their Fellow- Subjects to welter in each other's

< Blood j that they will remember by whofe Autho-

< rity, and to what End they met in that Council;

* and fend fuch an Anfwer to his Majefty, as may

* open a Door to let in a firm Peace and Security to

* the whole Kingdom.

' If his Majefty (hall again be difappointed of

* his Intention' herein, the Blood, Rapine, and Di-

* ftra&ions which muft follow in England and Ire-

* land will be caft upon the Account of thofe who
« are deal to the Motion of Peace and Accommoda-
« tion.'

Ordered, That this Meflage (hould be commu-
nicated to the Houfe of Commons ; and fome Lords
being appointed to draw up what was fit to be de-
livered to them befides, at this Conference, as the
Senfe of this Houfe about it, they foon after brought
in the following :

' That the Lords conceive it neceffary to fend
the Reafom to the King, why the two Houfes of
Parliament could not agree to the Propofitions of-
fered in his Majefty 's Meflage of the I2th of
Afnl laft. To exprefs, in that Anfwer to be
made to his Majtfty, That their Endeavours had
been, and ever ihall be, to put an End to thefe
unhappy Differences ; fo as their Religion, Laws,
and Liberties might be fecured. To defire the
Commons to appoint a Committee to meet one

froni

Of E N G L A N D. 265

from the Houfe of Lords, to confider of this whole An, 19. Car. I.
Meflage, and to prepare fuch an Anfwer as they
think fit to offer to the two Houfes/ *— 7/

May.

The Archbifhop of Canterbury having now lain a
very long Time in the Tower, and no Procefs, as yet,
brought againft him by the Commons, his Accufers,
tho' often urged to it by the Lords, an humble Pe-
tition was, this Day, (May 23) prefented to that
Houfe, from this fallen Prelate, in thefe Words :

The HUMBLE PETITION of WILLIAM Archbifhop
of Canterbury,

Shewing,

CT HAT he hath neither Lands t Leafe, nor Money JAbp.LWsPe-
-* that the fmall Store of Plate he had is long Jincetovm for Relief,
melted down for his neceflary Support and Expencesy
caufed by his prefent Troubles : That his Rents and
Profits are fequejlered^ and now all his Goods taken
from him, and no Maintenance at all allowed him ;

injomuch that, if fame Friends of his had not had
CompaJJion on his Wants , and fent him fame little
Supply , he had not been able to (ubjift till this pre-

fent ; and now this Supply is at the laft,

He humbly prays that your Lord/hips would take
his fad Condition into your Confederations , that fame-
'what may be allowed him out of his Eftate to fuppfy
the NeceJJities of Life ; ajfuring himfelf that your
Lordflnps will not, in Honour and Jujlicey fujfer him
either to beg or ft awe.

And your Petitioner, &c.

The Lords feem to have been touched with
Compaffion on the hearing of this Petition, and
immediately refolved to allow the Archbifhop fome
Maintenance, out of Charity, to fupply his Ne-
cefHties ; and further ordered, That the Petition
fhould be recommended from that Houfe to the
Commons. The Commons returned for Anfwer,
That they would fend one by Meflengers of their

own;

266 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I, own j but we hear no more of it from that Quar-
1643- ter.

***'• A Meffage being fent up from the Lower Houfe,

to defire the Lords to fit a while, for they had a
Matter of great Importance to communicate to
them : Soon after came up Mr. Pymme to acquaint
their Lordfhips, that the Commons had difcharged
their Confciences by the following Vote which they
had pafled :

The Commons ' That tne Queen had levied War againft the
accufe the Queen Parliament and Kingdom; and, having difcharged
»f High Treafcn. their Confciences, they think it fit to difcharge
their Duty too ; and faid, He was commanded by
the Houfe of Commons afiembled in Parliament,
in the Name of themfelves, and of all the Commons
of England^ to accufe and impeach, and he did
accordingly now accufe and impeach, Henrietta
Maria, Queen of England, of High Treafon. And
they defired their Lordfhips to iflue forth Proclama-
tions to fummon her to appear before them, and
receive a Tiial and due Sentence for the fame.' It
is obfervable that thefe Votes were carried in the
Houfe of Commons Nem. Ccn. The Queen had
juft before met the King at Edge-Hill, with a Rein-
forcement of 3000 Foot, 30 Troops of Horfe and
Dragoons, and fix Pieces of Cannon, befides great
Store of other Warlike Ammunition, which made
the Houfe of Commons fo exafperated againft her.
All that is entered in the Lords "Journals, on this
extraordinary Impeachment, is, This to be confidered
ef\ but we hear no more of it for fome Time.
There is a remarkable Letter of this Queen's,
publifhed in Duke Hamilton's Memoirs, wherein fhe
mentions this Impeachment in thefe Words : After

f'ving the Duke an Account of the good State the
ing's Army was then in, fhe adds, You will give a
Share of thefe News to all our Friends, if any dare
own themfelves fucb after the Houfe of Commons
have declared me Traitor , and carried up their Charge
tgain/i me to the Lords. Ikis^ / cjjure yotty is true ;

but

Of E N G L A N D. 267

lut I know not yet what the Haufe of Lords have dune An. 19. Car. I.
upon it. God forgive them for their Rebellion, as, I 1643-
ajfure you, I forgive them from my Heart for what *— TV"?""1<J
they do again/i me. ajr*

May 27. The Committee for the Excife brought
into the Houfe of Commons a Charge of one
Penny in the Pound on all Manner of Currants
imported ; upon Raifins of the Sun, one Halfpen-
ny ; Malaga Raifins, and all Figs imported, one
Farthing ; to be paid by the firft Buyer, over and
above all other Duties and Cuftoms. Next an Ex- ^n jrxc;fe \^
cife was laid on all the different Sorts of Sugars, upon Currants,
imported and refined here; likewife fo much a R^ns, Sugars,
Yard on all imported Silks, Sattins, ferV. fcfV. by5 ' -
Name, a long Lift of which is entered in the Com-
mons Journals ; by which may be feen that they
did not even then want a Tafte for foreigp Fine-
ries.

This Day the Lords entered into a long Debate, The Lords a
concerning the Votes lately brought up from the only tofomeof
Houfe of Commons, about making a new Great the Commons*
Seal : And, the firft Vote being debated, thefe
Queftions were put, Whether the ufe of the Great
Seal of England ought to be applied to the Com-
mands of the Parliament, by the Laws of the Land ?
It patted in the Affirmative. The next, Whe-
ther the Great Seal ought to attend the Commands
of the Parliament, according to Law I Refolved
Negatively.

The fecond Vote, « That the Great Seal doth
not atttrnd the Parliament, as, by the Laws of
the Land, it ought to do,' being read, the Lords
refolved to have a Conference, to be informed by
the Commons wherein the Great Seal hath not
been applied to the Commands of the Parlia-
ment. They likewife refolved to defer giving
any Refolution as to the third Vote till the fe-
Cond was cleared.

The Houfe then proceeded to the fourth Vote,
* That it is the Duty of both Houfes of Parliament

to

268 The Parliamentary HISTORY

19. Car. I. to provide a fpeedy Remedy for thefe Mifchiefs ;*
and, after Debate hereof, the Lords came to this
Refolution, fomewhat different from the other, That
it is the Duty of both Houfes of Parliament to ufe
their beft Endeavours to provide a fitting and fpeedy
Remedy.

The fifth Vote, « That a Great Seal of England
ihall be forthwith made to attend the Parliament,
for Difpatch of the Affairs of Parliament and King-
dom,' was put to the Queftion, and patted in the
Negative.

f To palliate thefe Refolutions to the Commons,

the Lords appointed a confiderable Committee to
confider what was fit to be delivered to them, on this
Subject, at the enfuing Conference.

The fame Day another Conference was held be-
tween the two Houfes ; in which the Commons
communicated to the Lords fome Letters which
they had received from their General in the North,
the Lord Fairfax, and other Officers, concerning the
taking of Wakefield^ &c. and that they had voted a
public Thankfgiving for the fame; which the Lords
agreed to. Thefe Letters, which were addrefled to
the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, were ordered
to be printed and published e.

Lord FAIRFAX'* LETTER.

SIR,

A Letter from TTP O N the 6tb of this Month I writ to you by *
the Lord Fairfax^ fpecial MeJJenger^ which I hope is come to your
iShttSgH^- Prejntly after the Difpatch of that Letter
«f fTakejeU, the News was brought me, that the Earl cf Nevv-

caftle

e From the original Edition, published by Edivard Hujtandt,
May 17, 1643. In the Title Page it is call'd A miraculous ViSory
obtained by the Right Honourable Ferdinando Lord Fairfax, agdinjitbe
Ar^J "ider the Command of the Earl of Newcaftk, at W.ikefidd ; and
has the following remarkable Inti eduction :

« Whereas it has too often been feen. that, in a great Appearance
« of outward Means, we are over confident j and that, in the

• Smallnefs or Diminution of the fame, we are too low and
« diftrufttul ; fo walking by Sight, and not by Faith j The Divine

• Goodnefc and Wifdczn, to wean us from this Corruption^ and ta

« teack

Of E N G L A N D. 269

Caftle had poj/ejjed himfelf both of Rotherham and An. 19. Car. I.
Sheffield : The Forces in Rotherham held out two ^43*
Days Siege, and yielded up the Town upon Treaty ; Ty M
wherein it was agreed, that the Town Jhould not be
plundered, and that all the Gentlemen, Commanders^
and Soldiers, (fix only excepted, that were fpecially
named) leaving their Arms, Jhould have free Liberty
to go whither they pleafed : But, when the Enemy
entered, they not only, contrary to their Articles^
plundered the Town, but have alfo made all the Com"
manders and Soldiers Prifoners, and do endeavour
to conjlrain them to take up Arms on their Party.

The

f teach us the contrary Leflbn, to walk by Faith and not by Sight,
f hath often wrought and given great Victories, by little Means, and
' unexpected Ways.

' A notable Pattern and Proof whereof is now feen in the Viftory

* given at Wakejield't wherein God gave a happy Succefs upon great

* Difadvantage and Inequality, a far lefTcr Number, even lefs by
' half, overcoming a greater in a fortified Town, and the Perfons
' taken far exceeding in Number thofe that took them ; and all this
' not with the Lofs often Perfons. As this calls for the Eye of Faith,
' fpiritually to difcern the great Power and Goodnefs of God, which
' gives the Advantage of Victory on the Side of the Difadvantage in
' outward Force ; fo it calls upon us to maintain and continue a Courfe
' of Faith for the Time to come j and, by continually looking up to
' God, and Dependence on him, to expeft from his Goodnefs and
' Bounty the like Bleffing in other Times of Inequality and Difadvan-
' tage. And as this ought to confirm our Expectations for the future,
' fo, both now and hereafter, when God's Strength doth fo vifibly ap-
' pear in our Weaknefs, we ought to give the whole Glory and
' Praife to his Strength, and none to our own Weaknefs.

« Thankfulnefs for Blefiings paft being an Invitation of Blefiings
' to come j and God not failing to fupply that, which he knows

* will certainly turn to his own Glory. Neither ought our Thankf-

* giving only to bound itfelf in Words, or in fhort Thoughts and
« Intentions j but it mould efpecially be exprefled in a hearty and real
' Converfion and Conformity of Soul and Life to him, whofe Will

* oueht to be the Rule of our Life, and whofe Service is the End of
' our Being.

« Let it alfo be further obferved, That both this and other Viflo-

* ries have been given on that Day, which hath been fo much op-
' pofcd by difiblute and Popiih Perfons, even to a Confutation of it
« by fet Difcourfes and practical Profanations.

« And having given all the Glory to God, it is next juft and com-
« mendable to take Notice of thofe whom God hath vouchfafed fo
« ufe in his Service, as to encourage them in God's Work, and
' that Caufe which God doth maintain by his own mighty and out-
« ftretched Arm, thus made good in this extroidinary botii Deliver-
« ance and Victory,'

270 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 19. Car. I The Commanders at Sheffield bearing of the Lofs df
Rotherham, and feeing fame of the Enemy's Forces
advanced in View of the Town, they all prejently
defer ted the Place., as not tenable with fo few againjl
fo potent an Army ; and fled away with their Arms,
feme to Chefterfield, and fome to Manchefter.

The Loft of thtfe two Places hath much elated the
Enemy, and caft down the Spirits of the People in
thefe Parts, who daily fee the Enemy increafe m
Power, and to gain Ground ; and no Succours come
to them from any Part : The Earl of Newcaftle'j
Army do now range over all the South-Weft Part of
this County, f [pillaging and cruelly ufing the well-
affe&ed Party] and the lajl Week there was a Gar-
rifon of Horje and Foot laid at Knarefbrough,
where they begin to fortify the Town, [and pillage
and utterly ruin all the religious People in thole
Parts, and round about them.]

On Friday Se'nnight laft three Troops and fome
ether Forces, if which many were French, came
from that Gar rifon and pillaged Otley, [and there
barbaroufly ufed fome honeft \Vomen of that Town]
and, in their Retreat to Knare{brough, upon the
Fore ft they took a Man and a Woman ; the Man
they wounded and beat cruelly, and before his Face
ravi/hed the Woman.

Thefe Particulars I repeat, that you may the more
clearly difccrn the Mifcries winch this Country groans
under ; and here, about Leeds, Bradford, and Ha-
lifax, being a mountainous barren Country, the People
now begin to be fenfible of Want ; their lajl Tear's
Proviftons being fpent, and the Enemy's Garrifons
flopping all Provijions both of Corn and Flejh, and
ether NeceJJaries that were wont to come from the
more fruitful Countries to them ; their Trade ut-
terly taken away, their Poor grow innumerable, and
great Scarcity of Means to relieve them. And this
Army, which now lies amongjl them to defend them

from

f This and the following Letter are printed in Rujbtuortb ; but
the Introduction before given, and the PalTages between Cro'chets
are emitted ; as is Jikewife the Pollfcript in Mr. Stetkdeli's Letter,
relating to the King's Commiflion for plundering,

Of E N G L A N D. 271

from the Enemy, cannot defend them from Want,
which caufeth much Murmur and Lamentation among ft
the People. And for the Army iifelf, it is fo far in
Arrear, and no &av appearing how they Jhall either
be fitpplied with Money or Succours, as they grow
very mutinous.

Yet, upon Saturday la ft, in the Night, 1 caufed
to be drawn out of the Garrifons in Leeds, Brad-
ford, Halifax, and Howley, fome Horfe, Foot, and
Dragoonerst in alt about 1500 Men, and fent them
again/I Wakefield, commanded by my Son, and af-
fifted by Major-General Giffbrd, Sir Henry Fowlis,
and Sir William Fairfax, with divers other Com-
manders : They appeared before Wakefield about
Four o'clock on Sunday in the Morning, where they
found the Enerr.y, who had Intelligence of their De-
Jign, ready to receive them ; there was in the Town
General Goring, Serjeant -Major -General Mack-
worth, the Lord Goring, with many other princi-
pal Commanders and eminent Perfons, about feven
Troops of Horfe, and fix Regiments containing 3000
Foot j the Town well fortified with Works, and
four Pieces of Ordnance ; yet our Men, both Com-
manders and common Soldiers, went on with un-
daunted Courage j and, notwithstanding the thick
Follies of fmall and great Shot from the Enemies*
charged up to their Works, which they entered^
feized upon their Ordnance, and turned them upon
themfehes j and purfued the Enemy fo clofe as they
beat quite out of the Town the mo ft Part of the
Horfe, and a great Number of the Foot, and made
all the rejl Prisoners ; with them they took four
Pieces of Ordnance, and all the Ammunition then in
the Town, and a great Number of Arms ; and*
among/I the Prifoners, General Goring himfelf, with
divers other Commanders and other common Soldiers,
in all about 1500 Men, 27 Colours of Foot, and
three Cornets of Horfe ; of which I fend a more par-
ticular Account inclofed. The more exatt and parti-
cular Relation of this Service, as it is tejlified to me
under the Hands of the principal Commanders em-
ployed

272 The Parliamentary HISTORY-

An. 19. Car. I. ployed in that Defjgn, I fend you inclofed for you?
1643 better Information ; and truly, for my Part, I d»
d --v^"«J rather account it a Miracle than a Victory ; and the
^' Glory and P^aife be afcribed to God that wrought
it ; in which, I hope, 1 derogate nothing from the
Merits of the Commanders and Soldiers, who every
Man, in his Place and Duty, Jhewed as much Cou-
rage and Refolution as could be expefted from Men.
When the Town was thus taken, they found their
Number and Strength too weak to keep it and their
Prisoners, fo left the Place and marched away with
their Booty.

In taking the Town we loft no Man of Note, and
only feven Men in all ; of which one was the Clerk of
the Stores, an Enfign of Foot, and one Quarter- majler
tf Horfe, the reft common Soldiers ; but many of our
Men were Jhot and wounded. This Overthrow hath
much enraged the Enemy, who threaten a prefer.t Re-
venge, and are drawing all their Forces this Way to
tffett it.

I perceive there are Succours fent to Lincolnfhire
and other adjacent Counties, which, if they were
here, might be employed to as much advantage for
the Public Safety, as in any Place. I defire our
Condition may be ferioujly thought on by the Houfe,
and the Aids, often prcmifed, may prefently march
away to us j and that Col. Cromwell, with his Horfe
and Foot, may alfo be ordered to march to me ;
that, being joined together, I may be able to draw
this Army into the Field, and gain frejh Quarters
for the Soldiers, and furni/h ourfelves with Powder 9
jirms, and Ammunition ; which is now grown very
fcarce^ and cannct be fupplied until/ the Pajfage
to Hull be forced open, which now is pojfejjed by
the Enemy. If fuch Succours come not timely to
us, we cannot long fubjijl, but muft be forced to
accept of dijhonourable Conditions ; which, befides the
Lofs and Ruin of this Country, will be a great Difad-
vantage to the general Safety ; and, withall, fame
Courfe muft be thought on to furnifn fame large Propor-
tion of Money to defray the Soldiers Arrears^ which 1

Of E N G L A N D. 273

lefeech you to endeavour for them and me, who An, 19. Car. 1,
am t l643> .

Your moft affectionate M»7

Leeds, May 23,

1643- Friend and Servant,

FER. FAIRFAX.

P. S. 1 fend you a Letter inclofed from the Lord
Goring to his Son, General Goring, found in his
Chamber at Wakefield, which will let the Houfe
fee the Enemies great Dejire to have this Army ruin-
ed, that they mighty with their whole Force, march
Southwards.

Lord GORING'J LETTER to his SON.

George,

Saw what you wrote to H. Jermin, and find
that the Bufmefs will be put on that Way :
But I am of Opinion that your General will never
' confent to it, the latter Way of dividing his
' Force, unlefs it be in the Country where he will

* abide himfelf ; this will be tried To-morrow, at
' his Return hither, where the Queen expects him.
4 In the Interim, if it were poflible to give the
' Enemy any fuch Knock, or confiderable Difturb-

* ance to the Country round about them, which
' hath not yet felt the Mifery of their Neighbours,
' I would not doubt the Treaty might be refumed

* again ; by which Means, and by no other, your

* Army may be fet at Liberty to change your

* Stations, and do fomething that may be of Con-

* fequence indeed. I pray you think ferioufly

* hereof, and once in your Life follow the Advice
•of

Tour left Friend,

Jtpil 17, 1643. and dearly loving Father,

GORING.

' After I had fealed my Letter I was advifed to

* advertife you, that the Lord Fairfax never be-

VOL. XII. S * lievcd

274 We Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car, I.< lieved you would look into the Parts where novr

1643. . < you arC) but intended to draw back to the Place

Vjv— -^ < from whence you came, which made him fo lofty

ay* ' in his Conditions ; wherefore, if you can (as my

« Authors propofe) get between Bradford and Leeds,

* you will fo annoy, divert, and feparate them in

* all their Defigns, as you may be furc to carry
' Halifax and Bradford on that Hand, or Leeds on

* the other. Take this to Heart, and let General

* King, with my humble Service, know thus much,
' not as new to him and the reft of you, but as that

* which all the wifeft and moft knowing Men in
' the Country advife and hope ; this will fo hare
' them, and fatisfy this Country, and will give fuch
' other Advantages as will render you happy and
' glorious too ; whereas, on the contrary, all will
' fall flat, both in Power and Reputation, paft Ex-

* preflion ; her Majefty will be either unprovided of
' fuch a Convoy from thence as is fit for her and

* the King's prefent Occafions, or clfe leave this

* Country naked to the Tyranny of the mercilefs
' Enemy, contrary to Contract and all due Juftice.

* This is the Opinion of others far better able to ad-

* vile than he that fo heartily prays for you, and is

York, Jprii 17, Yours*

1643.

GORING.

P. S. « Cudgel them to a Treaty, and then let
' us alone for the reft.'

A LETTER from Sir THOMAS FAIRFAX and other

Officers.

f\ N Saturday Nighty the 2.0th of May, the Lord-
^•^ General gave Order for a Party of IOOO Foot,
three Companies of Dragooners, and eight Troops of
Horfe, to match from the Garrifons of Leeds, Brad-
ford, Halifax, and Howley. Sir Thomas Fairfax
commanded in Chief ; the Foot were commanded by
Serjeant- Afujor-General Gifford and Sir William
Fairfax; the Horfe were divided into tivo Bodies,
four Troops commanded ly Sir Thomas Fairfax, and

: . . : the

•Of E N G L A N D. 275

the other four Troops by Sir Henry Foulis. Howley Aa- T9« Par. I.
was the Rendezvous, where they all met on Saturday if4!*
loft, about Twelve o'clock at Night ; about Two next Tj~ -
Morning they marched away, and coming to Stanley,
where two of the Enemy's Troops lay with fame Dra-
gooners, that Quarter wss beaten up, and about
twenty-one- Prisoners taken. About Four o'clock in
the Morning we came before Wakefield ; where^
after fame of their Horfe were beaten into the Town9
the Foot) with vnfpeakable Courage, beat the Enemies
from the Hedges, which they had lined with Mufque-
tetrs, into the Town, and ajfaulted it in two Places^
Wrengate and Northgate. After an Hour and a
Half's Fight we recovered one of their Pieces, and
turned it upon them, and entered the Town at both
Places, at one and the Jame Time : When the Barri-
cadoes were opened, Sir Thomas Fairfax, with the
Horfe, fell into the Town, and cleared the Street ;
where Col. Goring was taken by Lieutenant Alured,
Brother to Capt. Alured, a Member of the Houfe ;
yet in the Market-Place there flood three Troops of
Horfe, and Col. Lambton'j Regiment, to whom Ma-
jor-General Gifford fent a Trumpet with Offer of
Quarter, if they would lay down their Arms ; they
anfwered, They fcorned the Motion j then he fired
a Piece of their own Ordnance upon them, and the
Horfe fell in upon them, beat them out of the Towny
and took alt thefe Officers hereafter-mentioned, alfo
twenty feven Colours of Foot, three Cornets of Horfe ,
and about 1500 common Soldiers. The Enemy had in
Wakefield 3000 Foot, and feven Troops cf Horfe,
be/ides Col Lambton'j Regiment, which came into the
Town after we had entered it. The Enemy left be-
innd them four Piece: of Ordnance, with Ammuni-
tion, which we brought away ; and made the follow-
ing Commanders Prifoners, viz. General Goring ;
Sir Thomas Bland, Lieutenant-Colonel to Sir George
\Ventworth ; Lieutenant-Colonels Saint George and
Macmoyler ; Serjeant- Major Carr ; Captains, Carr,
Knight, Wildbore, Rudfton, Pemberton, Croft,
Legard, Lafliley, Kayley, and Nuttall ; Captain-
Lietctenant Benfon j Serjeant- Major Carnabie, and
S 2 Capt,

276 ^ke Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19, Car. l.Capt. Nuttall left wounded in Wakefield, upon their

^643^ Engagements to be truePrifoners ; Lieutenant s,Monclp-

June. ton» Thomas, Wheatley, Kent, and Nicholfon ;

JLnfignS) Squire, Vavafor, Mafkew, Lambton,

Ducket, Stockeld, Baldwinfon, Davis, Carr, Gib-

fon, Smathweight, Ballinfon, Watfon, Spielt, and.

Haliburtonj Cornet Wyv'M.

THOMAS FAIRFAX, JOHN HOLMAN,

HENRY FOULIS, ROBERT FOWLIS,

JOHN GIFFORD, TITVS LEIGHTON,

WILLIAM FAIRFAX, FRANCIS TALBOT.

Annexed to the foregoing Letter we find Part of
a Poftfcript wrote by another Hand.

/ had forgotten, in the Letter to the Speaker , to
mention the new CommiJ/ions granted by the King ;
•wherein his Majcjly, according to the known Laws
ef the Land (as all Things are faid to be done) gives
Liberty to the Parties to whom the CommiJJions are
dire ft ed^ to plunder and take Men's Eftates, fo as
they account for the Moiety of the Profit to his Maje-
Jij : Thi* is confej/ed by the Captains now Prifoners
hire.

Your Servant,

From Leeds, May 23,

1643- THOMAS STOCKDELL.

// is now about three IVeeks Jince we had any
Letter from you, or any Advertifement from the
South.

An Order rela- 7une 2> ^n a Motion in the Houfe of Com-

ting to the Re- mons, That the Dean, Sub-Dean, and Preben-

galia in ireft- tjarjes of IVeJlminfter Abbey, {hould be required

y< to deliver up the Keys of the Treafury there,

where the Regalia were kept, that the Place

might be fearched, and a Report of it made to the

Houfe, the Queftion was put, Whether, upon

Refufal of the Keys, the Door of that Place fhould

be broke open? It patted in the Negative, 58

againft

Of E N G L A N D. 277

againft 37 : But, the next Day, the fame Queftion An, 19. Car. t.
being again put, with the Addition of an Inventory l643«
of the Things there to be taken, new Locks put ^^^"^
on the Doors, and nothing removed till upon fur- ''unc*
ther Order of the Houle, it was carried by fo fmall
a Majority as 42 againft 41, for breaking open
the Doors.

The important Town of Newcaftle upon Tyne Another for re-
had been, for fome Time paft, in the Hands rf*wn«
the King's Forces ; by which the City of London'"^'*
was much ftraitened for Coals, the Works and
Mines for digging this ufeful Commodity being all
engrofled by the Royalifts, as well as the feveral
Ports from which it was {hipped off and conveyed
to London. To remedy this great Inconvenience
to the City, after many Confultations and Confe-
rences, a Scheme was publifhed, put on the FOP*-
ing of the Adventurers for Ireland; by v^'ch
Means thofe Northern Parts of England w^e to be
as much a conquered Country as the J^er > an^
the Lands and Eftatesof many great rami^es foared
out amongft thofe who would v^ure to advance
Money for this Expedition. -in Ordinance to that
Purpofe was paffed by )oth Houfes, about this
Time, and ordered to-»e printed and publifhed.

June 5. A TTStition from the Univerfity of Cam-
bridge wa^1"6^11^ to tne Lords : That of Oxford
v-as, ?* this Time, protected from the Parliament's
Refentment, by the King's Refidence there with
his Army ; but what her Sifter fufFered is beft ex-
preiTed in her own Words :

To the Right Honourable the LORDS and COM-
MONS now aflembled in the High Court of Par-
liament,

The HUMBLE P E T i T i o N of the Univerfity of

Cambridge

TTUmbly prefentetb to your Honourable Confidera- Petition from
••••• tion the fad dejeffed State of the Univerfity ; the YniTer% 0£'
how our Schook dally grow deflate, mourning theCambnd^
S 3 Al-

278 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Aa. 19. Car. \.Abfence of their Profe/ors, and their wonted Audi"
^J '". tories ; how, in our Colleges , 0«>- Numbers grow thin
' Juae. an^ our RfVfnues Jhort ; and what Subfiftence we
have abroad is, for the moji Part, involved in the
common Afiferies ; how, frighted by the neigbtntring
Noife of War, our Students either qrtit their Gowns
or abandon their Studies ; how our Degrees lie dif-
efteemed, and all Hopes of our public Commencements
are blafted in the Bud ; *befides fundry other Incon-
veniences which we forbear to mention.

We cannot but conceive ymr Honourable Piety
(out of a noble Zeal for Learning) will duly pity
cur fad Condition ; and, as the prefent general Ca-
lamities give Way, afford us fame Succour and En-
couragement.

Tour Jt'ifdoms beft kriow what Privileges and
Immunities have been^ in all good Times , afforded
to it>e Seats of Learning and Profe/ors of it ; and,
even ih the Fury and Heat of War, Places of Re-
ligion an&. Devotion have ufually not only, on both
Sides, been fared from Ruin, but fttpported and
ejieemed as Safi£t**jfot Hence it is that the Mem-
bers of our Univerjt*. ^y Charter confirmed by Aft
of Parliament) are ex?..rs/y fre,d from aii Prepa-
rations and Contributions >. jVar . fjenie it /,.
that,- in neighbouring Territory where ihe Excye
is mojl in Ufe, the Umverfity, with uv t^r Students,
are exempt.

May it therefore not be difpleafing to yt,*r p,'aus
Wtfdoms, if, in all Humility, we crave at yaur ILjndi
a tender Conjideration of our Cafe j that you wiTt be
pleafed to exempt our poor EJJates from all fuch
Hates and Impofitions ; to vouchfafe fuch Freedom ta
our Perfons, not giving jujl Offence, as may enabU
us the better to keep together, and daily to offer up
cur joint Prayers to God for a blejjed Union betwixt
cur gracious Sovereign and yout and the BleJJing of
Ptace upon the Land.

After this Petition the Ordinance of the Lords
and Commons, formerly made, was read, for the
calling an Affembly of learned and godly Divines,

to

Of E N G L A N D. 279

to be confulted with by Parliament, for the fet An. 19. Car. I.
tling the Government and Liturgy of the Church l643-
of England ; and vindicating and clearing the Doc- ^— — \<~— -J.
trine of the faid Church from falfe Afperfions and •'une'
Interpretations. This Ordinance was referred to
the Confideration of thirteen Lords, appointed as
a Committeee, to report the fame to the Houfe.
This Afiembly of Divines foon after met, to the Meeting of the
Number of fixty-nine, in Henry Vllth's Chapel, Afombly of Di-
in the Abbey of Wejlminjler, where a Sermon waej^"*"^""'
preached, before them and the two Houfes of Par-
liament, by Dr. Twift, their Prolocutor ; and, a
Day or two after, a public Faft was kept by them*.
What they did, when met together, will appear in
the Sequel.

June 8. The Houfe of Commons had been very A Plot againft
bufy, feme Days, in tracing out a Plot againft thethe parliauientS
Parliament, and fecuring the Authors and Contri-
vers of it. The Names of thefe Confpirators were,
Mr. Waller^ a Member of the Houfe of Commons,
and one of their late Commilfioners 'at Oxford?
Mr. lomkins^ Mr. Cbaloner, and others, whofe
Defign, being amply related by Lord Clarendon^
'Rujhworth, and other Hiftorians, we fhall confine
our Account of it to what the Journals and the
Pamphlets of thefe Times afford us. It appears from
the former that

This Day, at a Conference, the Houfe of Com-
mons produced the Examinations they had taken
concerning this Plot, to prove the Particulars of it,
and alfo made fome Obfervations thereupon. They
then prefented to the Lords the Form of an Oath,
or Covenant, which the Members of their Houfe,
for the moft Part, had already taken, except a fewJWlljch g;vesRjre
who defired fome Days to confider of it ; and this to a new Oath,
they requested the Houfe of Lords to take alfo.orCovenant'
They further brought up an Oath, or Covenant, to
be taken by the whole Kingdom, for Difcovery of
fuch Defigns as thefe, and to exprefs a Deteftation

of

a The Ordinance for calling this Aflemblv is at Length in Rnjbwortbt
Vol. V. p, 337, and in Hufoands'sCel/eflicns, p. 208, whereby it ag.
pears that a vaft Number more were named than met at this Time.

280 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Jin. 19. Car. l.0f all of the like Nature. Laftly, they faid it was
to diftinguifh the good and the well-affeded Party
from the bad, and unite the former fafter together
amongft themfelves.

This Affair, Whitlocke tells us, was long debated
in the Houfe of Commons ; but was, at laft, car-
ried, and thofe Members looked upon as difaffe&ed
•who were any way backward in taking of it. And,
after another long Debate, it was ordered to be ta-
ken by all Perfons, in City and Country j and thofe
who refufed it had the Mark of Malignancy fixed
upon them.

Next the Commons offered fome Votes, which
had patted their Houfe to the Lords, for their Con-
currence ; as,

1. 'That a particular fliort Day may be appointed,
wherein both Lords and Commons, with the Cities
of London and IVeftminjler ', &c. may meet and give
public Thanks to God for this Difcovery and great
Deliverance.' Agreed; and the i3th Inftant ap-
pointed for the Parliament and City, and that Day
Month for the whole Kingdom.

2. * That a free Pardon {hall be granted for all
fuch Perfons that have been in this Plot, and are
not yet taken, nor have fled, as mall come in volun-
tarily before the I5th of this Month, and difcover
their whole Knowledge of this Defign, and {hall
heartily join with the Parliament in Defence of the
Kingdom.

3. * That it be recommended to the City to have
a itrider Guard kept till this Bufmefs be fettled ;
and that fome better Courfe may be taken for fecu-
ring the Priloners, and keeping them in clofe Cu-
ftody.

4. « That Letters be fent to the Earl of War-
wick, to inform him of this. Plot ; and that the faid
Oath may be taken by all the Officers and Mariners
through the whole Fleet.

The Lords agreed to every one of thefe Votes,
without any Alteration.

The

O/ ENGLAND. 281

The Commons alfo thought fit to fend a Deputa- An. 19. Car. I.
tion of their Houfe into the City, as this Day, to t '_64* M
make the fame Narrative to them as was made to june.
the Lords. Mr. Pymme, being chofen Orator for
this Purpofe, delivered himfelf, at a Common-Hall,
in thefe Words b :

My Lord Mayor ', and you worthy Citizens of this
famous and magnificent City,

( "\TI 7" E are fent hither to you from the Houfe Mr.
VV of Commons, to make known to you {^
the Difcovery of a great and mifchievous Defign, at^'
tending not only to the Ruin and Deftru&ion of
the City and of the Kingdom ; but, in thofe Ruins,
jikewife to have buried Religion and Liberty. I
might call it a ftrange Defign (though, in thefe late
Times, Defigns of this Kind have been very fre-
quent) becaufe it exceeds others in divers confi-
derable Circumftances of it j in the Malice of the
Intention, Subtilty of Contrivance, Extent of Mif-
chief, and Nearnefs of Execution ; all which arofe
from the Wickednefs of the Authors. Two others
may be added ; that is, the Clearnefs of the Dif-
covery and Proof, and the Greatnefs of the De-
liverance, proceeding from the great Mercies of
God.

* I mall, in the opening this Defign, take this
Courfe for my own Memory and yours ; and
obferve,

« Fir/1, What was in their Aims.

' Secondly, The Variety of Preparations.

* Thirdly, The Degrees of Proceedings. And,

« Fourthly, The Maturity and Readinefs for Ex-
ecution.

* The Parliament, the City, and the Army, feem
to be the three vital Parts of this Kingdom ; wherein
not only the Well-being, but the very Life and Be-
ing of it doth confift ; this Mifchief would have
ieized upon all thefe at once.

« The

b From the Original Edition, printed for Peter Cole, in CornbiH,
near the Royal Exchange ; and faid, in theTitle-Page, to be corrected
by Mr, Pjmtnis own Hand for the Prefs,

282 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car, I. c f^ Qty fhould have been put into ftich a
. *_4^ Combuftion, as to have your Swords imbrued in
June. one another's Blood : The Parliament fhould have
been corrupted, and betrayed by their own Mem-
bers : The Army deftroycd, if not by Force, vet
for Want of Supply and Maintenance, that fo they
might have had an open and clearer Way to the
reft which they had in Proportion ; efpecially to
that main and fuprenie End, The Extirpation of
Religion,

' I ihall tell you, firft, out of what Principles
this did rife ; it was from the Afhes of another De-
fign that failed ; that mutinous Petition which was
contrived in this City ; the Actors of that Peti-
tion being therein ditappoinied, they fell prefently
into Confultation how they might compaf:> their
former End in another Way j that is, under Pre-
tence of fecuring themfelves by Force againft the
Ordinances of Parliament, and, under Pretence of
procuring Peace, they would have made themfelves
Mailers of the City, yea of the whole KU-
and they would have ruined and deftroyed all thofe
that fliould have interrupted them in their mifchie-
vous Intentions.

' The firft Step in their Preparation was, To
appoint a Committtee that might often meet toge-
ther, and confuh how they might compafs this wick-
ed End.

' Their next was, That they might enable that
Committee with Intelligence from both Armies,
as well thofe on the King's Side, (as they call them-
felves, though we be of the King's Side indeed) as
thofe that are raifed by the Parliament ; efpecially
they were careful to underftand the Proceedings of
Parliament, that fo, by the Advantage of this In-
telligence, they might the better effect that which
they had in Project, and find, the resdieft and the
neareft Ways to it.

' After they had thus provided for Intelligence,
then how to procure Power and Countenance to
this Action, by ibnie appearing Authority from his

Ma-

Of ENGLAND. 283

Majefty : For which Purpofe they projected to An, 19. Car. I.
get a Commiffion from the King, whereby many 1643-
of themfelves, and of thofe that were of their own u— v— •«*-
Confort, fhould be eftablifhed a Council of War >a<u
in London and Parts adjacent, with Power to raife
Forces, make Provisions of Ammunition, and of
other Kind of Arms, and to give Authority to the
leading and conducting of thofe Forces, and to raife
Money for the Maintenance of them j and, as it is
exprelted in the Commiflion, for the Deftruclion of
the Army under the Command of Robert Earl of
•fijfcv, raifed by Authority from the two Houfes of
Parliament.

' Having laid thefe Grounds, I mall, in the next
Place, discover to you thofe that mould have been
Actors and Agents in this Bufmefs, their feveral Qua-
lifications and Relations.

* The firft Sort was fome Members of the City,
whereof there were divers, you mall hear the Names
out of the Proofs ; the next was (in their Pretence,
as they gave out) Members of the two Houfes of
Parliament ; the third Sort was, two Gentlemen,
Mr. Waller and a Brother-in-Law of his, Mr. Tom-
kins^ that were to be Agents betwixt the Parliament
and the City, as they pretended ; a fourth Sort was,
thofe that were to be Meflcngers to convey Intelli-
gence from this Place to the Court at Oxford^ and
to other Places where there fhould be Occafion; and
the fifth and laft confuted but in one Man, that we
yet difcover, and that was the Lord of Falkland^
that kept Correfpondency with them from the
Court : Thefe were to be the Adtors in this mif-
chievous Defign.

' They began then to think upon fome other
Courfes of very great Advantage to themfelves.

4 The firft was of Combination ; how they might
ic more clofely conjoined one to another, and how
Vey might be more fecure from all others that
%e not of the fame Party ; and, for this Pur-
there was devifed a Proteftation of Secrecy,
as they were Chriftians, they did bind

them-

284 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. themfelves to keep one another's Counfel, not to
reveal that which they had Knowledge of, which
they were trufted with : And the fecond was, a
Warinefs in difcovering the Bufinefs to any of thofe
who were to be brought into the Plot; for though
they came in amongft them to be of them, they
would not truft all of their own Body : But they
took this wary and fubtle Courfe, that no one
Man {hould acquaint above two in this Bufinefs,
that fo, if it came to Examination, it {hould never
go farther than three, by the fame Party that difco-
vered it j and then thofe two had the like Pow<:r,
that anyone of them might difcover it to two others,
that fo ftill it might be confined within the Number
of three : Then there was a fpecial Obligation,
as was pretended by Mr. Waller, which he had
made to thofe that he faid were Members of both
Houfes of Parliament, and confenting to this Plot ;
but that is yet but a Pretence, no Names or Par-
ties are known.

* After they had provided thus for their Combi-
nation, and for their Security, then, in the next
Place, they thought of fome Means of Augmen-
tation, how they might increafe their Numbers,
and draw in others to come to be of their Party ;
and for this they did refolve to ufe all their Art and
Subtiky to irritate Men's Minds againft the Parlia-
ment ; they found out thofe that thought themfelves
moft heavily burdened with thele Taxes ; they
did cherifli all that had any Difcontents about the
AfTefTment, advifing them to repair to the Com-
mittee for Eafe, which they knew would be difficult
to obtain ; and that they, being difappointed, would
be more enraged, and the apter to join with them in
this Plot.

* From this Care of Augmentation, they went
in the next Place, to find out fome Means of Di
covery ; that they might know how far their Par/
did extend, who were of their Side, and who wre
againft them ; and, for this Purpofe, they did^e"
vife that there {hould be a Survey of all the W^s,

nay

Of E N G L A N D. 285

nay of all the Parimes, within the City of Lon-&nt ,9. Car. I.
don, the Suburbs and Places adjoining in every Pa- 1643
rifti, to obferve thofe that were for them, whom *•— v—«J
they called Right Men; and others that were ^^
againft them, whom they called Averfe Men ; and
then a third Sort, whom they called Neutrals and
Indifferent Men ; and they appointed feveral Per-
fons, that were trufted with this Survey and In-
quiry, to find out thefe feveral Degrees and Sorts in
every Parifh.

' * Thus far this Defign feems to be but a Work
of the Brain, to confift only in Invention and Sub-
tilty of Defign ; but the other Steps and Degrees,
which I fhall now obferve to you, will make it to be
a Work of the Hand, to bring it fomewhat nearer
to Execution.

* The firft Step that came into Action and Exe-
cution was, That they procured this Commiflion,
which they had before defigned and endeavoured to
obtain : Now they had obtained a Commiflion, as
I told you before, to eftablifh certain Men, feven-
teen in Number ; their Names are there exprefTed ;
you (hall hear them read to you j they were to
be a Council of War here within the City ; thefe
feventeen Men had Power to name others to them-
felves, to the Number of Twenty-one ; and they
fhould be enabled both to appoint not only Colo-
nels and Captains, and other inferior Officers of an
Army, but to appoint and nominate a General ;
they had Power to raife Men, to raife Arms and
Ammunition, and to do all thofe other Things
that I told you before ; and to lay Taxes and Im-
pofitions, to raife Money, and to execute Martial
Law.

* When they had gone thus far, in the next Place
they did obtain a Warrant from the King j and this
was to Mr. Chaloner, that he might receive Money
and Plate of all thofe, that, either by voluntary Con-
tribution or Loan, would furnifh the King, in this
Neceflity of his, as they call'd it ; and thereby the
King was obliged to the Repayment of it : This was
obtained.

•By

286 7&? Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. O»r.I. ' By this cometh in the Lift ; and what was be-
^f4! fore Part of the Defign, cometh now into Ad; the
Citizens that were trufted with framing of this
Lift brought it in, except in fome few Parifh.es,
under thofe Heads of Difcovery that I formerly told
you of; that is, in every Parifh who were Flight,
who were Indifferent and Neutral, and who were
Averfe j and thofe were brought to Mr. Waller's
Houfe. After they had delivered that Lift, the
Citizens then declared themfelves that now they
had done their Part ; as they had discovered to
them a Foundation of Strength, they did expect
from them again a Foundation of Countenance and
Authority, that was from both Houfes of Parliament ;
and they did declare that they would proceed no
farther till they knew the Names of thofe Members
of both Houfes that fhould join with them, and
Ihould undertake to countenance this Bufmefs. Mr.
Waller made this Anfwer, That he did aflure them,
that they fhould have Members of both Houfes,
both Lords and Commons, to join with them ;
that he himfelf was but their Mouth ; that he fpoke
not his own Words, but their Words ; that he
was but their Agent, and did their Work ; that
they {hould have of the ableft, of the befr,. and
of the greateft Lords, and the greateft Number ;
nay, that they fhould pick and chufe ; that they
could not with for a Lord, whom he doubted not
but to procure them : This was the Vanity of his
Boafting to them to draw them on, and to encou-
rage them in this Plot. This being now done,
and propounded by the Citizens on their Part, Mr.
Waller propounded from the Lords divers Qureries
and Queftions which had been framed, as he faid,
by the Lords and Commons ; and, in their Name,
he did prefent them that were for the'Removal of
Difficulties, of fome Obftruftions, that might hin-
der this Work : Thofe Queries were delivered upon
Friday was Se'nnight to fome of the Citizens, and,
upon the Saturday Morning, (that was Saturday
was Se'nnight) they were returned back again with
Anfwers.

Of E N G L A N D. 287

'I fliall now relate to you both the Quaeries An. 19. Car. I.
and the Anfwers that were returned by thofe of the '643-

« The firft Quaere was, What Number of Men *""'
there were armed ?

' The Anfwer to this was, That there was a third
Part well armed, a third Part with Halberts, and
another third Part with what they could get ; with
what came to Hand.

' The fecond Quaere was, In what Places the
Magazines were laid ?

'^The Anfwer to that was, At Alderman Fowk's
Houfe, at Leadenhall^ and at Guildhall.

' The third Quaere was, Where the Rendezvous
fhould be ?

' The Anfwer was, At all the Gates, the Places
of the Magazines, in Cheapfede, in the Exchange?
and at what other Places the Lords fhould think
fit.

* The fourth Quaere was, Where was the Place
of Retreat, if there fnould be Occafion ?

4 The Anfwer was, That they had Ban/lead
Downs^ they had Blackheatb, in Propofition ; but
they did refer the Conclufion of the Place to the
Lords.

<• The fifth was, What Colours there fhould be ?

* To this it was anfwered, That at every Ren-
dezvous there fhould be Colours.

' A fixth Confideration was, By what Marks and
Tokens they fhould be diftinguifhed from others, and
know their Friends from their Enemies ? .

« To this it was anfwered, That they fhould have
white Ribbons or white Tape.

« Then, in the feventh Place, it was afked, What
Strength there was within the Walls, and what
Strength without the Walls ?

' To this it was anfwered, That, within theWalls,
there was for one with them, three againft them ;
but, without the Walls, for one againft them, there
were five for them.

* The eighth was, What was to be done with the
Tawtr V

< The

288 *Tbe Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. ' The Anfwer was, That they could conclude no-

l643» thing in that Point.
^""T*""^ ' The ninth was, Where' the Chief Commanders

Junet dwelt f

* To that they made this Anfwer, That every Pa-
ri(h could tell what new Commanders and Captains
they had, and who of the Militia dwelt in it.

« The tenth and the laft was, What Time this
fhould be put in Execution ?

' To that the Anfwer was, That the Time was
wholly left to the Lords.

' After all thefe Queries, thus propounded and
anfwered, Mr. Waller told them, That he would
acquaint the Lords with thofe Anfwers that he had
received from them to their Quarries ; and wilhed
them not to be troubled, tho' the Lords <lid not yet
declare themfelves, for they could do them as good
Service in the Houfe.

' Being proceeded thus far, they came then to
fome Proportions which fhould be put in Execution,
and they were thefe :

* Fir/}, That they would take into their Cuftody
the King's Children that were here.

« Thefecond was, That they would lay hold of
all thofe Perfons that they thought fhould be able to
ftand in their Way, or to give them any Impediment,
or at leaft of fome confiderable Number of them ; it
is unlike that all were named, but fome were named ;
of the Lords' Houfe there were named my Lord Say
and my Lord JVharton ; and befides my Lord Mayor,
whom they took into their Confideration as the Head
of the City, there were named of the Houfe of Com-
mons, Sir Philip Stapylton, Mr. Hampden^ Mr. Strode ;
and they did me the Honour and Favour to name me
too.

* When they had taken into Confideration the
Surprizal of thefe Members of both Houfes, they
did take into their further Refolution, that, with my
Lord Mayor, fhould have been feized all your Com-
mittee of Militia j they would not /pare one of
them.

•They

Of ENGLAND. 289

c They intended further, that they would releafeAn. 19. Car. I.
all Prifoners that had been committed by the Parlia-
ment j that they would feize upon the Magazines ; **"" "T^"""^
that they would make a Declaration to fatisfy the
People.

' There are no Defigns:, be they never fo ill, but
they do put on a Mafk of fome Good, for betwixt
that that is abfolutely and apparently ill, there is
no Congruity with the Will of Man j and therefore
the worft of Evils are undertaken under a Shadow
and a Shew of Goodnefs : A Declaration muft be
fet out, to make the People believe that they flood
up for the Prefervation of Religion, for the Pre-
fervation of the King's Prerogative, of the Liber-
ties of the Subject, of the Privileges of Parliament ;
and of thefe 1000 Copies were to be printed ; they
were to be fet upon Pofts and Gates in the moft
confiderable and open Places ; and they were to*
be difperfed, as much as they could, through the
City againft the Time it fhould be put in Execu-
tion : This was done upon Saturday laft was Se'n-
night, in the Morning.

4 Then, in the next Place, they thought fit to
give Intelligence to the Court of what Proceedings
they had made here ; and thereupon Mr. Hazel
was fent to Oxford, that very Saturday in the Af-
ternoon, from Mr. flatter's H mfe. There were
two Meflages fent by him, for this main Defign
they would not truft in Writing : The firft Meffage
was from Mr. Waller^ That ht fhould tell my Lord
of Falkland, that he would g[ve him a more full
Notice of the great Bufinefs very fpeedily : The
other Meflage was from Mr. Tomkins^ and that
v/as, That the Defign was now come to good Ma-
turity ; that they had fo ftrong a Party in the City,
that tho' it was difcovered, yet they would be able
to put it in Execution : They promifed to give No-
tice to the Kjing of the very Day, and, if it were
poflible, of the very Hour, wherein this fhoukl be
put in Execution j and then they did defire, when
they had feized upon the Outworks, that there
misht fome Party of the Kine's Army come up

VOL. XII. T with-

'290 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. within fifteen Miles of the City, who, upon KnoW-
1643- ledge of their Proceedings, muft be admitted into
*— —v— -J the City. Thefe were the four Points upon which
June' the Meffage did confift, which was fent from Mr.
Tonkins to my Lord of Falkland, by Mr. Hazel.
To both thefe Meflages my Lord of Falkland re-
turned an Anfwer by Word of Mouth ; (they kept
themfelves fo clofely that they durft not venture
to write) and he bid the MefTenger tell Mr. Waller^
Mr. Tomkins^ and Mr. Hampden, (a Gentleman
that was fent up with a Mefiage from the King,
and remained here in Town to agitate this Bufinefs,
and made that Ufe of his being here in Town)
That he could not well write, and did excufe him-
felf ; but prayed them that they would ufe ail poffible
Hafte in the main Bufmefs.

' Mr. Waller having plotted it, and brought it on
thus far, now he began to think of pufhing it fur-
ther ; and, the Tuefday following this Saturday^
which was Tuefday was Se'nnight in the Evening,
after he came home to his Lodging, Mr. Tomkins
and he being together, he told him, That the
very next Morning, that was Wednefday^ the Faft-
Day, he (hould go [to my Lord of Holland^ and
acquaint him with this Plot, and difcover fo much
to him as he thought fit ; that he himfelf would go
to fome other Lords, and do the like. This was
the Tuefday Night, in which Conference they put
on that Confidence in Expectation of Succefs in
this Plot, that Mr. Waller broke out with a great
Oath to affirm, That if they did carry this through-
out, then they would have any Thing. This he
fpoke to Mr. Tomkins with a very great deal of Ear-
neftnefs and Aflurance. So far they went on in
Hope and Expectation ; but here they were cut fhort :
That very Night there were Warrants ifTiied, upon
fome Difcoveries that were made of this Plot, to
the Lord Mayor, and to the Sheriffs here ; which
they did execute with fo much Diligence and Care
of the Good of the City, that the next Morning,
when Mr. Tomkins and Mr. Waller (hould have
gone about their Bufmefs, they were apprehended,

and

Of ENGLAND. 291

and the reft of the Citizens, divers of them, but An.
fome efcaped.

4 Thus far I have difcovered to you the Materials
and the Lineaments of this mifchievous Defign ;
you fhall now be pleafed to hear the Proofs and the
Confeffions out of which this Narration doth arife,
and that will make all this good to you that I have
faid. And, after thofe are read, I fhall then tell
you what hath been done fince in the Houfe of Com-
mons, fomewhat in the Houfe of Lords, and what
elfe is in Propofition to be offered to you from the
Houfe of Commons ; but I fhall defire you firft, that
you may be fully convinced of the great Goodnefs of
God in Difcovery of this Plot, and the Truth of
thefe Things that I have fpoken to you, that you
will hear the Evidence of the Proofs ; and then we
ihall go on to thofe other Things which we have in
Charge.

The Proofs being read, Mr. Pymtne proceeded thus :

' Gentlemen, we have held you long, you are
now almoft come to the End of your Trouble ; I
am to deliver to you fome fhort Obfervations up-
on the whole Matter, and then to acquaint you with
the Refolutions thereupon taken in the Houfe of
Commons ; and to conclude with a few Defires
from them to you.

' The Obfervations are thefe :

Fir/i, * I am to obferve to you the Contrariety
betwixt the Pretences, with which this Defign hath
been mafked, and the Truth : One of the Pretences
was Peace ; the Truth was Blood and Violence :
Another of the Pretences was, the preferving of Pro-
perty ; the Truth was, the introducing of Tyranny
and Slavery, which leaves no Man Mafter of any
Thing he hath.

' A fecond Obfervation is this : The unnatural
Way by which they meant to compafs this wicked
Defign, that was, To deftroy the Parliament by the
Members of Parliament ; and then, by the Carcafs
and Shadow of a Parliament, to deftroy the King-
dom : What is a Parliament but a Carcafs when
T 2 the

292 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I, the Freedom of it is fupprefled ? When thofe (hall
be taken away by Violence, that can, or will, op-

P°k anc* ^and in tne Way of their Intentions \ The
High Court of Parliament is the moft certain and
conftant Guardian of Liberty ; but if it be deprived
of its own Liberty, it is left without Life or Power
to keep the Liberty of others. If they {hould bring
a Parliament to be fubjedt to the King's Pleafure,
to be correfpondent, as they call it, to his Will, in
the Midft of fuch evil Councils which now are pre-
dominant, there would little or no Cure be left ;
but then all Things that are moft mifchievous would
feem to be done by Law and Authority.

* The third Obfervation is this : With what an
evil Confcience thefe Men undertook this Work :
They that pretended to take Arms to defend their
own Property, obtained a Commiffion to violate
the Property of others : They would take the Af-
iertion of the Laws of the Land ; but aflumed to
themfelves fuch a Power as was moft contrary to that
Law ; to feize upon their Perfons without due Pro-
ceis ; to impofe upon their Eftates without Con-
fent ; to take away fome Lives by the Law Mar-
tial j and, befides all this, without any Commifiion,
they intended to alter the Government of the City,
which is now governed by your own Council, by a,
Magiftrate chofen by yourfelves, then to be go-
verned by Violence.

•« Thefyurth Obfervation is this : That the mif-
chievous Effect of this Defign would not have
ceafed in the firft Night's Work ; all the godly Part
in the -Kingdom, all faithful Minifters efpecially,
woinM "have been left not onlv to the Scorn and Re-
proach, btit to the Hatred, Malice, and Cruelty, of
the Papifts and Malignants.

The fifth and laff Obfervation I {hall make to
you is this : That this Matter was profecuted in
Part, and agitated and promoted by thofe that were
fent from the King, and feemed to be Meflengers of
Peace1 ; and while we fhould be amufed with the
Pretences of gracious Meflages to propofe Peace,
this villainous^Proiecl:, which fhould have fet you

all

Of E N G L A N D. 293

all in Blood, was promoted by thofe Meflengers^An, 19. Car. I.
and fhould have been put in Execution very fhortly l643«

after. This is all I ihall trouble you with by way *•— "~v— —'

r f^\ r • June,

of Obfervation.

« The Matters refolved on in the Houfe of Com-
mons are thefe Things :

' /Yr/?, That there may be public Thankfgiving
to God, both in the City and throughout the King-
dom, for this great Deliverance ; that a near Day
be appointed for the City, the Parliament, and the
Parts adjacent, and a convenient Day tor other
Parts of the Kingdom.

* The next Thing refolved on was, That the
Houfe of Peers fhould be made acquainted with
thefe Proofs, and with all this Difcovery ; which
hath been done accordingly.

4 It was likewife refolved, That there {hould be
a Covenant made, whereby we fhould both teftify
our Deteflation of this mifchievous Plot, and join
ourfelves more clofely in the Maintenance of the
common Intereft of the Church and Common-
wealth, in Religion and Liberty, which are (till in
great Danger, and would have been utterly fubvert-
ed, if this^Projeft had taken ErTeft.

4 It was tefolved in the fourth Place, which is
now partly executed, That this fhould be commu-
nicated to you of the City ; that fo, as you have a
great Part in the Blefling, you may do your Part in
the Duty of Thankfulnefs, together with us.

4 It is further refolved, That it fhall be commu-
nicated to the Army, that they likewife take Notice
of this great Mercy of God, and join with us, both
in the Thankfgiving and in the Proteftation and
Covenant, as we fhall likewife defire you of the
City to do.

4 Then we are commanded to give Thanks to my m

Lord Mayor, to the Sheriffs, and to the reft of the
Officers of the City, for their great Care in the ap-
prehending of thefe Perfons, in guarding the Peace
and Quiet of the City.

4 We are likewife to give Thanks to thofe Gen-
tlemen that have had the Cuftody of thefe Prifoners.
T 3 We

294 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19- Car. I.We know it cannot but be a Trouble to them ; but
there was no Means to keep them fafe from Mef-
fages one to another, and from Speeches, but by
fuch a Way of putting them in honeft Men's Hands;
therefore the Houfe of Commons have commanded
us to give them fpecial Thanks for their undertaking
this Care, and to aflure them that they will fee them
fully recompenfed for all the Trouble and Charge
they (hall undergo by it.

* And we are to give you Thanks, which are the
Citizens of this City, for your good Afteclions to the
Public Caufe, and for your continual Bounty for the
Support of it.

' Thus far we are enjoined by the Refolution of
the Houfe : N >w we are further to intreat you to
hear both the Covenants j you fhall thereby know
to what we have bound ourfelves, and to what we
defire you fhould be bound. There are two Cove-
nants j that is, one proper for the Houfes of Parlia-
ment, which hath been taken in the Houfe of Com-
mons by all the Members, even by thofe Gentlemen
that are named in the Examinations to have been
privy to this Plot, which they all have difavowed ;
and the other Covenant is to be taken by all the
other Part ot the Kingdom ; by the Citizens, by
the Army, and the reft of the People generally in
all Places.

' The Draught of thefe two Covenants we (hall
communicate to you ; the Houfe of Lords they have
had them already, and have taken them into Confi-
deration , and we hear they do refolve, That what
is appointed for them fhall be taken by the Members
of that Houfe.

' We are further to defire you, That you would
co-operate with the Divine Providence, in God's
great Mercy to this City and the whole Kingdom :
God doth not only do Good, but thereby gives Af-
furance that he will do Good j his Mercies they are
Comforts for the prefent, they are Pledges for the
future ; but yet our Care muft not ceafe.

' We are to defire that you would keep your
Guardsj and look well to your City ; and that you

would

Of E N G L A N D. 295

would find out thefe evil Members that are amongAn, 19. Car. I.
you, as near as may bej that fo, for the Time to l643-
come, this Plot may be prevented, as hitherto it hath *— ~» — '
been flopped j for out of Doubt all the Malignity ^une*
is not drawn out of them, though the Opportu-
nity is hindered for the prefent putting it in Exe-
cution,

* I am to tell you further, That, in Deflre to
win thofe that mall be taken with Remorfe for this
wicked Defign and Confpiracy, it is refolved, That
if any Man fhall come in before the I5th Day of
this prefent "June, and freely confefs his Fault, and
what he knows of this Confpiracy, that he (hall
have a full, free, and plenary Pardon for the Time
to come, except thofe that are already taken or
fled ; I fay, thofe that come in voluntarily ihall be
pardoned.

' Your Care, and our Care, they will be all little
enough ; we hope God's Blefling will be fo upon
them both, that you fhall be reftored to a full Peace;
and that, in the mean Time, you fhall enjoy fuch a
Degree of Safety and Profperity as may make Way
to it.'

To return to the Proceedings at Wejlmlnfler:

"June 9. The Lords having confidered of the Vow
and Covenant, brought up by the Commons, judged
it a voluntary Oath, and proper to be given to every
Member of their Houfe in a folemn and ferious
Manner. Accordingly every Lord, beginning at
the youngeft Baron, and going upwards according to
their Degrees, held the Paper in their Hands, and
read it diftinclly as follows ;

* "T T7"Hereas there hath been, and now is, in The Covenant,

* VV this Kingdom, a Popim and Traiteroustaken by the
4 Plot, for the Subverfion of the true Pf6teftw*

* Reformed Religion, and the Liberty of the Sub-

* je& : And, in purfuance thereof, a Popifh Army

* h?.th been raifed, and is now on Foot in divers

* Parts of this Kingdom : And whereas there hath

* been a treacherous and horrid Defign lately difco-

' vered

296 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.* vered by the great Blefling and fpecial Providence

1643. * of God, of divers Perfons, to join themfelves with

t— -V-— ^ * the Armies raifed by the King, and to deftroy the

June. t p0;ces raifed by the Lords and Commons in Par-

' liament ; to furprize the Cities of London and

' Weftminfter, with the Suburbs, and, by Arms,

' to force the Parliament ; and finding, by con-

' ftant Experience, that many Ways of Force and

' Treachery are continually attempted to bring to

' utter Ruin and Deftruction the Parliament and

' Kingdom, and, that which is deareft, the true

' Proteftant Religion ; and that, for the preventing

* and withftanding the fame, it is fit that all, who
c are true-hearted and Lovers of their Country,

* fhould bind themfelves each to other in a facred

* Vow and Covenant.:

TAB, in Humility and Reverence of the Divine
•*• Majejly, declare my hearty Sorrow for my own
Sins, and the Sins of this Nation, which have dejer-
•ved the Calamities and "Judgments that now lie upon
it : And my true Intention is, by God's Grace, to
endeavour the Amendment of my own Ways. And
J do further, in the Prefence of Almighty God, de-
clare, vow, and covenant, That, in order to the Secu-
rity and Prefervation of the true Reformed Proteftant
Religion, and Liberty of the Subjeft, I will not con-
fent to the laying down of Arms, fo long as the Pa-
pi/Js, now in open ft^ar again ft the Parliament, Jhall,
by Force of Arms, be prate Red from the Juftice
thereof: And that I do abhor and detejl the faid wicked
and treacherous Defign lately difcovered ; and that I
never gave, nor will give, my Affent to the Execution
thereof; but will, according to my Power and Voca-
tion, oppofe and refift the fame, and all others of the
like Nature : And in Cafe any other like Defign /hall
hereafter come to my Knowledge, I luill make fuch
timely Difcovery as I fl}all conceive may beji conduce
to the preventing thereof. And whereas I do in my
Confcience believe, That the Forces raifed by the two
Houfes of Parliament, are raijed and continued for
tbeir jujl Defence^ and for the Defence of the true

Pro-

Of E N G L A N D. 297

Protejlant Religion, and Liberty of the Subjefl, An/ 19. Car. I.
againft the Forces raifed by the King, that I will', ^641' i
according to my Power and Vocation, affijl the Forces
raifed and continued by both Houfes of Parliament,
againft the Forces raijed by the king, without their
Confent : And will likewife ajjijl all other Perfons
that jhall take this Oath, in what they Jhall do in
pursuance thereof; and will not, direcJly or indireftly^
adhere unto, nor willingly ajfift, the Forces raifed by
the King, without the Confent of both Houfes of Par-
liament. And this Few and Covenant 1 make 'in the
Prefence of Almighty God, the Searcher of all Hearts,
with a true Intention to perform the fame, as I Jhall
anfwer at the Great Day, when the Secrets of all
Hearts Jhall be difclofed.

At the fame Time, however, it was moved and
agreed to by the Lords, That a {hort Declaration
might be drawn up, and taken by them, the Houfe
of Commons, and the whole Kingdom, declaring
their Loyalty to the King's Perfon, his Crown and
Dignity; and a Committee of eleven Lords were
ordered to draw it up and report it to the Houfe.

June ii. The Earl of Portland* and the Lord
Vifcount Conway being accufed, by the Houfe of
Commons, of being concerned in Mr. Waller's Plot,
they were fequeftered from the Lords' Houfe and
committed ; the one to the Cuftody of the Lord
Mayor of London, and the other to one of the She-
riffs ; but their Lands and Goods not to be feized
on, till, upon Trial, it appeared they were guilty of
the Charge againfl- them.

The Liberty of the Prefs having, of late, been
very grievous to the Parliament, they pafled an Or-
dinance to reftrain it, and to ftrengthen fome for-
mer Orders made for that Purpofe. This extraor-
dinary Stretch into Englijh Liberty, by thofe who
pretended to be the Preservers of it, deferves our
Notice.

The

a Jerwne Wtfl<mt

298 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.

1643.

The Preamble to this Ordinance fets forth,

June.

An Ordinance
for restraining
the Liberty of
Che Prefs.

THAT whereas divers good Orders have been
lately made, by both Houfes of Parliament,

* for fuppreffing the great Abufes and frequent Dif-
' orders in printing many falfe, forged, fcandalous,
« feditious, libellous, and unlicenfed Papers, Pam-
« phlets, and Books, to the great Defamation of
6 Religion and Government ; which have taken
« little or no Effect, by reafon the Bill in Prepa-
' ration, for Redrefs of the faid Diforders, hath

* hitherto been retarded : And that, through the

* prefent Diftrac*tions, very many Perfons, as well

* Stationers and Printers, as others of fundry other

* Profeffions, have taken upon them to fet up pri-

* vate Printing Prefies in Corners, and to print,
' vend, publifh, and difperfe Books, Pamphlets, and

* Papers in fuch Multitudes, that no Induftry could

* be fufficient to difcover or bring to Puniftiment
« all the feveral abounding Delinquents : There-
«fore, &c.

The moft material Claufes are thefe ;

* 7 hat no Order or Declaration of either Houfe
f of Parliament (hall be printed without Order of
« one or both the laid Houfes ; nor any other Book,

* Pamphlet, Paper, nor Part of any fuch Book,

* Pamphlet, or Paper, fhall, from henceforth, be
' printed, bound, ftitch'd, or put out to Sale, by any

* Perfon or Perfons whatfoever, unlefs the fame be

* firft approved and licenfed under the Hands of

* fuch-Perfons as both or either of the faid Houfes

* fhall appoint for licenfing of the fame ; and be

* entered in the Regifter-Book of the Company of

* Stationers, according to antient Cultom, and the
' Printer thereof to put his Name thereto.

' The Mafter and Wardens of the faid Company,
' the Gentleman-Ufher of the Houfe of Peers, the

* Serjeant of the Commons' Houfe, and their Depu-

* ties, together with the Perfons formerly appointed
' by the Committee of the Houfe of Commons

* for Examinations, are authorized and required

« to

Of E N G L A N D. 299

* to make diligent Search in all Places, where they An. 19. Car. I,
« fhall think meet, for all unlicenfed Printing Pref-

* fes, and all Prefles any way employed in the Print-

* ing of fcandalous or unlicenfed Papers, Pam-
' phlets, or Books ; and to feize and carry away

* fuch Printing Prefles, Letters, and other Mate-
' rials, of every fuch irregular Printer, which they

* find fo mifemployed, unto the Common-Hall of

* the faid Company, there to be defaced and made
' unferviceable, according to antient Cuftom ; and
6 likewife to make diligent Search in all fufpe£led
' Printing- Houfes, Ware-Houfes, Shops, and other
' Places, for fuch fcandalous and unlicenfed Books,
' Papers, Pamphlets, and all other Books, not

* entered, nor figned with the Printer's Name as

* aforefaid, being printed contrary to this Order;
c and the fame to feize and carry away to the faid

* Common-Hall, there to remain till both or either
« Houfe of Parliament fhall difpofe thereof; and

* likewife to apprehend all Authors, Printers, and
« other Perfons whatfoever employed in compiling,

* printing, ftitching, binding, publifhing, and dif-

* perfing of the faid fcandalous, unlicenfed, and

* unwarrantable Papers, Books, and Pamphlets as
« aforefaid ; and all thofe who fhall refift the faid

* Parties in fearching after them, and bringing
' them before either of the Houfes or the Commit-

* tee of Examinations, that fo they may receive
c fuch further Punifhments as their Offences fhall
< demerit ; and not to be releafed untill they have

* given Satisfaction to the Parties employed in their
4 Apprehenfion for their Pains and Charges, and

* fufficient Caution not to offend in like Sort for the

* future.

* All Juftices of the Peace, Captains, Conftables,
*• and other Officers, are ordered and required to be
' aiding and aflifting to the aforefaid Perfons in the
6 due Execution of all and fmgular the Premifes,
' and in the Apprehenfion of all Offenders againft

* the fame ; and, in cafe of Oppofition, to break

* open Doors and Locks, &c,

June

300 Tie Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I, June X4* ^ne Affair of the Great Seal came on
' 16^.3. ' 'again in the Houfe of Lords, when the Earl of Hol-

l«i — ,,-• mj fond, from the Committee appointed to prepare
June, Heads for a Conference on this Affair, reported,
That the Senfe of the Committee was, That the
Votes of this Houfe mould be firft read, and then
to add, That the Parliament having, in all their
Actions and Refolutions, gone upon the Power of
their Ordinances, the Lords conceive it will be
proper to continue upon that Ground. That the
making of a new Great Seal will not hinder the Ufe
and Power of the King's Great Seal ; but if they
found the Sealing of Original Writs of Error be
denied, they would join with the Commons in their
Care to do what will be neceflary and advantageous
to the Parliament, the free Courfe of Juftice, and
the Laws of the Kingdom.

June 1 6. The Earl of Northumberland reported
from the Committee a Draught of what they thought
proper to be taken, to declare the Loyalty of the
Lords to the King's Perfon, his Crown and Dig-
nity ; which was read :

A Declaration We the Lords and Commons do further declare,
made by the ybat our Intentions have been, and Jlill are, to our
he P0<wer-> to maintain, preferve, and defend his Ma-
Perfon* j*ftf* Perfon and jitjl Rights of the Crown ; toge-
ther with the Perfons of his Royal IJ/ue ; and that we
Jhall ufe our utmojl Endeavours in pursuance of the
fame.

Ordered, To communicate this to the Houfe of
Commons the next Morning, at a Conference :
And, at the fame Time, to ofirer fomewhat to them
for competing the prefent Diftractions and fettling
Peace between the King and Parliament.

June 17. A Committee of Lords were appointed
to confider of this laft Article ; and, after fome
Time, the Lord Say and Sele brought in a Draught

of

Of E N G L A N D. 301

of what they had to offer for that Purpofe; which An« 19- Car- *•
\vas as follows : ^ -*— .J

June*

May it pleafe your Mojl Excellent Majefty ^

c "\\ 7"E your loyal Subjects, the Lords and And a Draught
4 V V Commons in Parliament affembled, ha- Jj^
' ving a deep Senfe of the prefent Miferies of this peaceT
' your Kingdom, and of the Chriftian Blood, the

* Blood of your Subjects, that hath been fpilt in

* this unnatural War : To prevent the Defolation

* and Ruin of this Kingdom, the Deftruction of
' your People, and the Danger of your own Royal

* Perfon and Children, do again, in all Humility,
' petition your Majefty, that you will be pleafed,
' before the Armies be engaged in Battle, they be-

* ing now drawn near together, to accept of our
' humble Anfwer to your Majefty 's firft Propoii-
c tion, and agree unto the firft Proportion prefent-
' ed unto you by the Hands of our Commiffioners,

* for the Difbanding of all Armies ; whereby your

* Kingdom will be reftorcd to the former happy

* Condition of Peace, and the fad Accidents and

* Confequences of a Civil War be prevented ; and
' that, as the moft likely Means to compofe and
' fettle thefe unhappy Differences between you and
' your People, you will pleafe to return to your Par-

* liament, your great and moft faithful Council,
' whofe Advice your Majefty will find more con-

* ducing to your Greatnefs, Honour, and Safety,
c than the Council of fome few about you j whofe

* Counfels if they may prevail, we find all our
' Petitions and Endeavours for the Peace of this

* Kingdom to be fruitlefs.

' If God fliall make us fo happy as to incline
' your Majefty's Heart to this our humble Petition,
' which your Parliament and Kingdom may ex-
' pec~t from your Juftice and Goodnefs, our En-
« deavours and Counfels mail all be directed to
' fettle the true Proteftant Religion, your Maje-
' fty's juft Rights, the Prefervation and Safety of

* your Royal Perfon and Children, and the Laws

'of

June.

The Reafoas o
fered to the
Commons for
their Concur-
rence therein.

302 The Parliamentary HISTORY

Car. I. ' of the Kingdom, the Liberties of the Subject, and
* the Privileges of Parliament.'

Ordered, That this Petition be communicated to
the Houfe of Commons at a Conference ; and to be
delivered to the King in the fame Alanner as one
was at Shrewjbury.

June 21. Nothing elfe, memorable j interven-
ing, the Committee for managing this Conference
reported what they thought fit to be offered at it, to
the Commons, along with the Petition j which was
as follows :

' The Lords looking, with much Companion,
upon the divided and diftracttd Condition of this
Kingdom, and that, in all Probability, the Con-
tinuance of the War in Chriftendom will only
remain amongft ourfelves, in thefe our fad and
civil Divifions, they have been moved, from the
Tendernefs they owe to the Prefervation of this
Kingdom, to make a further Trial of his Maje-
ity's Inclinations to the Peace of it, and eonfequent-
Jy to the Peace of his other Kingdoms ; which, in
all human Reafon, doth depend upon the Peace and
Safety of this ; and likewife to {hew to his Majefty,
and all the World, that we are ftill, upon our
firft Grounds and Principles, to petition him for
Peace; thereby to make it vifible to his Majefty,
and the whole Kingdom, that we ftill purfue the
Ways of Peace ; which will either procure us that
Happinefs, or make the Miferies that we and the
Kingdom muft expert, by a Battle between thefe
near-approached Armies, the more fupportable by
the Unavoklablenefs of it ; and this we defire may
no way weaken, or contradict, the Covenant and
Vow we have united ourfelves in, but rather purfue
the fame ; in that we do defire the Force, whereby
Papifts are protected againft the Juftice of Parlia-
ment, may be laid down before we lay down our
Arms ; neither is it intended to draw on any Treaty,
but alone to receive the King's preferrt and pofitive
Anfvver.'

June

Of E N G L A N D. 303

June 22. The Lords fent down to acquaint the An. 19. Car. I.
<bther Houfe, That they had added two more of
their Body to the Committee of Sequeftration, and
had given them Power to compound and regulate
that Ordinance, by making fome Allowance to Wi-
dows and Children for their Maintenance ; defiring
the Commons to add a proportionable Number of
their Houfe, and alfo to give the like Power to
them. But this merciful Difpofition of the Lords
was not complied with, at this Time, by the Lower
Houfe.

A Committee of Commons had been bufy fome
Time, in framing Articles of Impeachment againffc
the Queen, in order to fupport the Charge they had
exhibited to the Lords. And, this Day, they had
proceeded fo far as to appoint Mr. Stroitd to go up,
and defire a Conference with them concerning thefe
Articles. Whether this Meflage was fent or not,
we cannot learn, for there is no Entry, in the Lords
Journals, relating to it.

June 24. The AfTembly of Divines being now
ready to fit to do Bufmefs, the Lords thought pro-
per to order, That all Minifters employed in the
next public Monthly Faft, fhould, in their Prayers,
particularly and earneftly defire the Affiftance and
Blefling of Almighty God upon that Aflembly, for
carrying on the great Work : And that the faid
Aflembly mould meet in Henry the Seventh's Cha-
pel, on the 3oth Inftant, at Nine in the Morning.
Agreed to by the Commons.

June 26. This Day the Lord Say and Sele ac-
quainted the Lords, That he had received a Letter
from the King, in which was inclofed a Proclama-
tion from his Majefty, which was read :

' \\ 7Hereas we have been long fince driven by

\/l/ T-, j 17- i n i clamation, for-

VV rorce and Violence from our Palace at bidding Obedi-
< WeJJminfter^ (the Place of Sitting for us and ouren«t° thePar-

« two Houfes of this Parliament) fo that we t

* not, with Safety of our Life, be prefent with our ber^td

* Great o*/«*.

304 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. ' Great Council ; and much the greater Part of the
1643 < Members of both Houfes of Parliament have been
i Jikewife driven, by Tumults and Force, for their

* Safety, from their Attendance upon that Council,
4 the faid Members having been threatened and af-
' faulted for delivering their Opinions freely in the

* Houfes ; or have, out of Confcience and Duty,
' withdrawn themfelves from being prefent at the

* Debates and Refolutions, which they have well
' known to be fo contrary to their Duty and Alle-

* giance ; or, for fo withdrawing, or for freely fpeak-
f ing in the Houfes, have been expelled or fufpend-
1 ed from being Members of that Council, contrary
4 to the antient Practice and juft Privileges of Par-

* liament. Since which Time, and by which Means,

* a great and rebellious Army hath been railed
' againft us, under the Command of Robert Earl of
4 EJJex ; which Army hath not only endeavoured
' to take away our L'ife from us in a fet Battle, but
4 the fame, and other Forces raifed by the like

* Means, have committed all the Acts of Outrage,

* Robbery, and Murder, upon our good Subjects
4 throughout the Kingdom, and ilill continue to do
4 the fame.

4 And though, in Truth, a very fniall Part of

* that Great Council remain there together ; yet,

* under Pretence of having the Countenance of our

* two Houfes of Parliament, fome feditioire Perfons

* aflume to themfelves (with the AffHlance of thofe

* rebellious Armies, and of divers mutinous and

* defperate Brownifts, Anabaptifts, and other ill-

* affected Perfons in our City of London^ by whofe

* Means they awe fuch Members of both Houfes

* who yet continue amongft them) a Power to do
4 Things abfolutely contrary to the Laws of the

* Land, and deftructive to our Rights, and to the

* Liberty and Property of the Subject, and to alter
4 the whole Frame and Government of this King-
c dom j difpofing of the Lives and Fortunes of us
c and our good Subjects, according to their Difcre-
4 tion ; fubjecting both to their own unlimited Ar-
4 bitrary Power and Government.

«Wc

Of E N G L A N D. 305

* We have only accufed fome particular Perfons, An, 19, Car. T,

* whom we well know to be the Authors and Con- l643-

c trivers of thefe defperate Counfels and A&ions j *— -v*-«J,

* and have forborne to cenfure, or charge, the whole ^mt*
e Number of the Members remaining, by whofe

* Orders and Authority the Evils have been pretend-
" ed to be done ; hoping that the Senfe of the mife-

* rable Diftra&ions of the Kingdom would, at length,
' have brought them to difcern where they had
' erred ; and our often MefTages and Complaints of

* the Violence offered to us, and to the Members of

* both Houfes, would have procured Juftice and
' Redrefs : And that the Power and Reputation of

* fuch amongft them, who wiflied well to the Peace
' of the Kingdom, and Honour and Dignity of Par-
6 liaments, would have at laft fo far prevailed, that a
' right Underftanding might have been begotten be-
' twixt us and our People; and all Shew of Force

* and Violence fo taken away and fupprefled, that
' we might, in a full and peaceable Convention of
' Parliament, with the Advice of that our Great

* Council, have fo fettled the prefent Diftempers,
4 that there might be no Fear left of the like for the
' future.

' But finding, to our great Grief, that the Power
c of thofe feditious Perfons, who firft contrived

* thefe defperate and bloody Diftraclions, continues
' fo great ; that as they have driven, and now keep
c us, and the much greater Part of both Houfes,
' from being prefent at that Council ; fo they

* fo far awe thofe who remain there, that they

* cannot, with Freedom, give their Votes and
' Refolutions according to their Confciences, and
' the Laws and Constitutions of the Kingdom :

* That the Members of both Houfes have been
' compelled to make Proteftations to live and die

* with the Earl of EJfix, the General of the re-
' bellious Army, and other unlawful and treafon-
c able Proteftations ; and that fuch who have re-
< fufed to take the faid Proteftations, have been

* expelled and imprifoned for fuch their Refufal :

* That the great Affairs of the Kingdom are

VOL. XII. U mana-

306 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.4 managed and concluded by a private Committee,
4 without being ever reported to the Houfes, con-
~ * trary to the Laws and Rules of Parliament :
c That the Common Council of London, mott of
' them being Perfons factioufly chofcn out of Brown-

* ifts, Anabaptifts, and fuch who oppofe the re-

* gular wholefome Government of that City, and

* have promifed themfelves the Deftruction of the

* Church, are grown the Superintendents over both

* Houfes, and obtrude upon them what Conclufions
' and Refolutions they pleafe : That they take upon
' them to juftify this Rebellion againft us, and have

* prefumed, under Pretence of the Order of both

* Houfes, to invite foreign Forces to invade this

* Kingdom : To fend Agents to foreign Princes,

* to negotiate and treat with them in their own

* Names : To imprifon our good Subjects contrary

* to Law, prohibiting our Judges to grant Habeas

* Corpus according to Law : To introduce a new

* Clergy throughout the Kingdom, by difplacing
« godly learned Divines, without the leaft Colour

* of Law or judicial Proceedings, and putting ig-
' norant and feditious Preachers in their Places,
' to poifon the Hearts of the People : To counte-
« nance the Vilifying of the Book of the Com-
' mon-Prayer, eftablifhed by the Law of the Land :

* To feize, levy, and take away what they pleafe

* of the Eftates and Fortunes of our Subjects, by

* difpofing of the twentieth Part of their Eftates,
' by exhaufting them with unfupportable Weekly
' Taxes for the Maintenance of their rebellious
' Army, and by endeavouring to lay odious Ex-
' cifes upon Victuals, Goods, and Merchandize of

* our People for the fame Purpofe ; while they
' fuffer our poor Proteftant Subjects of our King-

* dom of Ireland, whofe Defence was undertaken

* by our two Houfes, and that Army raifed for the

* fuppreffing of that horrid Rebellion to be ftar-

* ved and in Danger of difbandins:, or neceflita-

* ted to defert that Kingdom for Want of Mo-

* ney, Victuals, and fuch other Neceflaries as
' were to be provided for them by Adt of Parlia-

' ment.

Of E N G L A N D. 307

* ment, out of thofe Monies which they have fpent An. 19. Car.
c to deftroy us and this Kingdom : By exacting l643-

* from Merchants Tonnage and Poundage, and ' — TV""""^
' other Impofitions upon Merchandizes, as well ^une'

c Native as Foreign, contrary to an Act made this
' prefent Parliament, with a Penalty of Premunire
c on thofe who fhall pay or receive it : And, laft-
' ly, that they have (after the breaking off the late

* Treaty, by a peremptory recalling their Com-

* mittee, who, in Truth, during their Abode with

* us, had no Power to treat by reafon of their ftridt
c Limitation) fo far rejected all poflible Means and
c Overtures of Treaty and Accommodation, that,
' inftead of anfwering our gracious MefTages, the

* Houfe of Commons hath imprifoned our Mef-
' fenger fent by us to them, to invite both Houfes

* to an Accommodation ; and efpecially to move
' them to take fuch a Courfe for the Freedom of

* Parliament, that we might fafely advife with
' that our Great Council for the fettling thofe mi-

* ferable Diftractions and Diftempers : And hath
' malicioufly, and in Contempt of us, after an
' Attempt to murder our Royal Confort, in Brid-
' lington Road, (the Place of her Landing) im-
' peached her of High Treafon, for affifting us

* with Arms and Ammunition to defend us from,

* this Rebellion : 'Tis Time now to let our good
' Subjects know, that they may no longer look

* upon the Votes and Actions of the Perfons now
' remaining, as upon our two Houfes of Parlia-

* ment ; Freedom and Liberty to be prefent, and
' of Opinion and Debate there, being eflential to

* a Parliament ; "which Freedom and Liberty all

* Men muft confefs to be taken away from this

* Aflembly, when they remember the great Tu-
' mults brought down to awe and terrify both
s Houfes ; and that they were then brought down
' when any great Debate was in either Houfe, and

* not like to be fo carried as fome feditious Perfons,

* who governed thofe Tumults, did defire ; that,
« in the greateft Heat and Fury of thofe Tumults,

U 2 « the

308 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19 Car. I. c the principal Governors amongft them direc"ted

l6*^ * the unruly People to go to Whitehall, where our

^~7£^ « own Perfon then was ; and defigned, by Force,

' to have furprized the Perfon of our Son the Prince ;

' that, when it was defired that a Declaration might

' be made againft fuch Tumults, inftead of con-

* fenting thereunto, the Tumults themfelves were

* juftified ; and when a legal Courfe was prefcribed

* by the Lords, and taken by the proper Minifters

* of Juftice, to fupprefs and prevent fuch Tumults

* and Riots, that legal Courfe was fuperfeded by thofe

* who were then prefent of the Houfe of Commons,

* and the Minifters of Juftice puniflied and impri-
' foned for executing the Law. When they re-
' member that feveral Members of either Houfe

* have been threatened and aflaulted in thofe Tu-

* mults, and their own Names profcribed as Per-
' fons difaffe&ed, becaufe they freely ufed to fpeak

* their Confciences in both Houfes : That the Houfe

* of Peers have been fo far threatened and me-

* naced, that the Names of thofe have been,

* with Threats, demanded by the Houfe of Com-

* mons at the Bar of the Lords' Houfe, who
' rtrfufed to confent to this or that Propofition
'which had been in Debate before them; and
'tumultuous Petitions countenanced, which have
' been prefented to that fame Purpofe : That the
' Members of both Houfes have been imprifoned,
' and forbid to be prefent at thofe Councils, for
'no Reafons but becaufe their Opinion hath not
' been liked : That our negative Voice (our greateft

* and moft fovereign Privilege) is boldly denied :
' That a prefumptuous Attempt hath been made,
' by the major Part of the remaining Part of the
' Houfe of Commons, to make our Great Seal of
' England ; the making of which, by the exprefs
' Letter of the Law, is High Treafon, and would
' fubvert the antient and fundamental Adminiftra-
' tion of Juftice : That, at this Time, we and
' the major Part of both Houfes are kept, by a

* ftrong and rebellious Army, from being prefent

« at

Of E N G L A N D. 309

( at that Council ; and that thofe who are pref nt An. 19. Car. I.

* are, by the lame Army, awed and forced to take l643-
' unlawful and trealbnable Proteftations to engage

*, their Votes : And that fuch Refolutions and Di-

* regions, which concern the Property and Liberty
' of the Subjects, are tranfadted and concluded

* by a few Perfons, (under the Name of a Clofe

* Committee, conftfling of the Earl of Manche-

* Jler^ the Lord Say, Mr. Pymme, Mr. Hampden9

* Mr. Straudy Mr. Martin, and others, the whole
' Number not exceeding the Number of feventeen
' Perfons) without reporting the fame to the Houfes,

* or having the fame confirmed by the Houfes,
' contrary to the exprefs Law and Cuftoms of Par-

* Jiament.

4 All thefe, for the Matter of Faft, we are ready
' to make Proof of, and defire nothing but to bring

* the Contrivers of all the aforefaid Mifchiefs to
' their Trial by Law ; and, till that be fubmitted

* to, we muft purfue them by Arms or any other
' Way, in which our good Subjects ought to give

* us Afiiftance to that Purpole : The imagining

* the Death of us, our Royal Confort, or our
' eldeft Son ; the levying War againft us in our

* Realm ; giving to them Aid or Comfort; the
' Counterfeiting our Great Seal or Money, be-

* ing, by the exprefs Words of the Statute of the
' twenty-fifth Year of Edward III. Cap. 2. High
' Treafon : And how applicable this is to thofe
' who have borne Arms againft us, and to thofe
' who have confented that fuch Arms be borne ;
' to thofe who have promifed to live and die with

* the Earl of EJJex, and to thofe who every Day
' confent to fome A6t for the Support and In-
« creafe of that Army, we fhall leave to all the
' World to judge ; and hope that this gracious
' Warning and Information, now given by us,

* will make that Impreflion in the Hearts of our

* People, that they will no longer fuffer them-

* felves to be mifled from their Duty and Allegi-

* ance upon any Pretences whatfoever ; and we

U 3 «do

3 1 o The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. l.c do declare, That we fhall proceed with all Se-
' verity againft all Ped'ons whatfoever, who fhaH
' June?"1' ' henceforward affift, vote, or concur in any Kind
' toward the Maintenance and Countenancing luch
' Adions and Refolutions, which, by the known
' and exprefs Laws of the Land, are High Treafon ;

* and againit all thofe who fhall adhere to them,
' who are in Rebellion againit us, as againft Re-
' bels and Traitors, in fuch Manner as by the

* Laws and Statutes of the Realm is directed and

* appointed.

' And fince, by the Power of feditious Perfons, we

* and both Joules are kept from being fecur'd againft

* tumultuous AfTemblies, and both Houfes from Ad-

* journment to fome Place of Safety ; which, being
' done, might quickly make an End of thefe mife-

* rable Difti actions, whereby we are debarred from

* the Benefit and Advice, we expected from that our

* Great Council, the Members thereof being fcat-

* terM into feveral Places : Therefore, that the whole

* Kingdom may fee that we are willing to receive

* Advice from thpfe who are trufted by them, tho"
c we cannot receive the fame in the Place to which

* they were called, for the Reafons aforefaid, nor in-

* tend to receive Advice from them elfevvhere in the

* Capacity of Houfes of Parliament : We do here-
« bv oeclare, That fuch of the Members of both

* Houfes, as well thofe who have been, by the Fac-
' tion of the Malignant Party, expelled for pcrform-

* ing their Duties to us, and into whole Rooms no

* Perfons have been fince chofen by their Countries,

* as the reit who fhall defire our Protection, fhall

* be welcome to us at our City of Oxford; untill,
' by the Adjournment of the Houfes to fome fit and

* free Place, or other wife, due Cotirfe be taken for

* the tull and free Convention in Parliament of us
^ * and all the Members of both Houfes : And for

* their better Encouragement to refort to us, we
' hereby will and command all the Officers and
c Soldiers of our Army to fufter all fuch Perfons who
\are Members of cither Houfe, with their Attend-

* ants

Of ENGLAND. 311

c ants and Servants, to come to us to this our City An. ig. Car. I.
6 of Oxford. '

* And that none of our good Subjects may believe
' that, by this our neceflary Declaration againft the

* Freedom and Liberty of that prefent Aflembly,
' we may have the leaft Intention to violate or to

* avoid any Act or Acts parted by us for the Good

* and Benefit of our People this Parliament, we
6 do hereby declare to all the World, That we fhall,
' as we have often promifed, as inviolably obferve

* all thofe Acts, as if no fuch unhappy Interruption
' had happened in the Freedom and Liberty of that
' Council : And defire nothing more than to have
' fuch a free Convention in Parliament, that we may
' add fuch further Acts of Grace as (hall be thought

* necefTary for the Advancement of the true Prote-
' ftant Religion, for the Maintenance of the Liberty
' and Property of the Subjects, and the Prefervation
' of the Liberty, Freedom, and Privileges of Parlia-

* ment.

* And that all the World may fee how willing
' and defirous we are to forget all the Injuries and

* Indignities offered to us by fuch who have been
' milled through Weaknefs or Fear, or who have

* not been the principal Contrivers of the prefent

* Miferies, we do offer a free and general Par-
' don to all the Members of either Houfe (except
« Robert Earl of EJJex, Robert Earl of Warwick,
' Edward Earl of Manchefier^ Henry Earl of Stam-
' ford^ William Vifcount Say and Sele^ Sir John Ho-

* tham, Knt. and Bart. Sir Arthur Hafilrigge^ Bart.

* Sir Henry Lndlow^ Sir Edward Hunger f or d^ and
'Sir Francis Popham, Knights; Nathaniel Fiennes,

* John Hampden, John Pymme, William Stroud^
' Henry Martyn, and Alexander Popham^ Efquires j
' Ifaac Pennington, Alderman of London^ and Capt.
e Fen ; who, being the principal Authors of thefe

* prefent Calamities, have facrifked the Peace and
' Profpemy of their Country to their own Pride, Ma-
' lice, and Ambition ; and againft whom we (hall
c proceed, as againft Perfons s^Uty of HigliTreafon,

'by

3 r 2 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.' by the known Laws of the Land ; and fhall, in

* the Proceeding, be moft careful to preferve to
' them all Privileges in the fulleft Manner that, by
' the Law or the Ufage of former Times, is due to

* them) if they (ball, within ten Days after the pub-

* lifhing of this our Proclamation, return to their
' Duty and Allegiance to us.

* And, laftly, we further command and enjoin
' all our Subjects, upon their Allegiance to us, as

* they will anfwer the contrary to Almighty God,
« and as they define that they and their Poftcrity
' (hould be freed from the foul Taint of High Trea-

* fon, and as they tender the Peace of this King-

* dom, That thev prefume not to give any Affift-

* ance to the before mentioned rebellious Armies,

* in their Perfons or Eftates in any Sort whatfo-

* ever ; but join with us, according to their Duty
c and the Laws of the Land, to fupprefs this horrid
e Rebellion.

' And ourPleafure and Command is, That this our
' Proclamation be read in all Churches and Chapels

* within this our Kingdom.'

Given at oar Court at Oxford the 2Cth Day of June,
in the nineteenth Year of our Reign.

After reading this Proclamation the Lords agreed,
thfllorTo'n the That »t declared this Parliament to be no true Par-
foregoing Procla- liament j and that the King would not receive what-
matioa, foever came to him from them ; thereupon they re-

folved to communicate this to the Commons, at a
Conference, and appointed a Committee of four
Lords to confider of the Senfe of this Houfe, to be
delivered on this Occafion ; as alfo to draw up a pro-
per Anfwer to the Proclamation. Soon after the
Lord Say and Sele, from this Committee, brought
in the following :

* The Lords do apprehend that the foregoing
Proclamation, whereby this Parliament is declared
to be no free Parliament, and the People are re-
quired not to look upon the Votes or Actions of

the

Of E N G L A N D. 313

the Perfons now remaining as upon the two Houfes An, 19. Car. I.
of Parliament, is deftructive as to the prefent Par-
liment and all Acts therein, fo alfo to the efta- v~
blifhcd Government of this Kingdom ; which De-
claration being maintained and purfued by Force,
the Lords do conceive themfelves bound to defend
this prefent Parliament, and to maintain the Free-
dom thereof, with their Lives and Fortunes, and
are reiblved fo to do. They think it fit alfo, that
a Declaration be made to that Purpofe to all the
Kingdom, and to invite therein all Englijhmen^
both of the Nobility, Gentry, and Commons, to
join with them, affuring fuch as fhall do fo, that
they fhall be embraced and received into the Pro-
tection of the Parliament, and acknowledged as
thofe who have done a good Service to the State ;
except it be fuch Perfons who (hall appear to be
the Contrivers of thefe deftructive Counfels, thofe
to be named and excepted in the Declaration ; and
to this End to defire, that a Committee of both
Houfes may be named to meet to draw up the De-
claration, their Lordfhips being refolved to name
four Lords for that Purpofe.

The Parliament had difpatched a Meflenger into
Scotland, fome Time fince, to bring over the Scots
to their Intereft; and, this Day, ( June 27 ) they
thought proper to fend another on the fame Bufi-
nefs, who was to acquaint them with their prefent
State and Condition ; and that, after being long en-
tertained with Treaties and Proportions for Peace,
they were fruftrated by the prevailing Party of Pa-
pifts and other ill-affected Perfons about the King :
That they commended this great Caufe to the
Chriftian Wifdom and brotherly Affection of the
Scots Nation and State, to confider how, by their
concurrent Advice and Affiftance, the Fadtion of
Papifts, Bifhops, and other Malignants of this King-
dom, might be fupprefs'd ; the Ruin of Religion
and Liberty here prevented, and thereby their own
better preferved and eftablifhed. With thefe, and

many

3 1 4 tte Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. many more Inftru&iona, Mr. Corbet fet out, on
t l64^ t this fecond Embaffy into Scotland j the Confequence
Iun7 °f which will f°on 2PPear.

This Day alfo the EfTed of a Conference, on
the King's laft Proclamation, was reported to the
Lords by their Speaker, which was,

fcropofals from * That the Houfe of Commons had confidered
the Commons attheir Lordfhips Senfe, delivered at the late Con-
mConferencc ference, touching the King's Proclamation, wherein
rcupon' they agree with their Lordfhips in every Par-
ticular ; and as they apprehend their Lordmips In-
tentions to be real in what they have refolved, fo
the Houfe of Commons defire that their Lordfhips
would make good their real Intentions, by real De-
monftrations, that it may appear fo to the King-
dom.

' And, to the End that their Lordfliips may bet-
ter carry on their Refolutions, and have the fitter
Means of Support for the fame, the Houfe of Com-
mons have thought proper to offer fome Parti-
culars to their Lordfhips Confideration :

1. * That their Lordfhips would pleafe to join
with the Houfe of Commons in the Propofitions for
the making a new Gre^t Seal, to prevent the Abufes
of it; fuch as was the lealing the Commifiion
for the horrid Defign againft the Parliament and
the City of London ; and alfo becaufe, by the
making a new Great Seal, Juftice fhall be the
better adminiftred to the Kingdom, and the People
will be the more dependent upon the Parliament :
Whereas now they are forced to go to Oxford for
the Difpatch of their Affairs, which otherwife they
would not ; and alfo their Lordmips will be the
more enabled to do that for the Maintenance of the
Parliament, and the Freedom and Liberty thereof,
which otherwife they cannot.

2. ' The Houfe of Commons defire their Lord-
(hips to give Order, that Proclamation may iflue
out to fummon the Queen to anfwer the Impeach-
ment, according to the Articles ; and the Houfe of
Commons make this Obfervation, That though

Of E N G L A N D. 315

the King's Councils have flown very high in the An. 19. Car. I.
Contempt of this Parliament, yet they never pre- 1643-
fumed to declare it to be None, till the Queen was
impeached ; therefore the Houfe of Commons think
it fit to proceed againft her, to (hew their Love to
Juftice, and to let them fee that the Parliament
{brinks not from their Duty, notwithftanding this
Proclamation ; and alfo becaufe the World may fee
what Reafon they have to charge the Queen ; and
thofe that have Dependence upon the Queen's Ways,
Defigns, and Counfels, may be weaken'd and de-
terred from their Dependence on her, and acting her
Commands.

3. « To take off the Impreflion that this Procla-
mation may make in foreign Parts, the Houfe of
Commons defire their Lordfhips to fend the Com-
miffioners into Scotland fpeedily, and to refolve to
fend Agents abroad to other States, whereby the
Imputations will be taken away which are laid upon
the Parliament by the King's Minifters ; alfo that
the Aid expected by the King from foreign Parts
may be prevented, and Trade fecured, which they
have endeavoured to moleft.

4. c To defire their Lordmips will take into Con-
fideration the two Ordinances fent up to them by the
Houfe of Commons.

' The firft, concerning Intelligence held with
Oxford and the King's Army ; the other, concern-
ing the lifting of Horfes.

1. ' That the Freedom of Intercourfe hath been
a Means to fupply the King both with Money and
Arms.

2. * That it gives Opportunity to make great
Factions in the City, to corrupt the Well-affected
to the Parliament, and to effect many dangerous
Practices and Confpiracies, to the Hazard of the
whole Kingdom.

3. « tt acquaints the Enemy with all our Defigns,
Preparations, and Convoys.

4. * It is contrary to all Rules and Grounds of
War.

« Con-

316 ¥he Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. < Concerning lifting of Horfes; it will be a Means
1_— *-'^f t0 furm*k the Parliament witn a Body of Horfe upon
June. a^ Occafions, l° preferve the City and reinforce the
Army.

5. ' The Houfe of Commons conceive that the
King, by his Proclamation, as Jar as in him lies,
hath difabled the Parliament to offer any Petition,
and prefent any humble Advice to him, in Quality
of both Houfes of Parliament, and that he will not
receive any fuch in that Capacity; which Confi-
deration the Houfe of Commons prefents to their
Lord (hips, as an Anfwer for not joining with their
Lordfhips in that Petition, which their Lordfhips
propofed to them to be delivered to the King for
Peace, which yet depends unpafs'd.

6. * The Houfe of Commons defire their Lord-
ihips to join with them in an Oath to be drawn,
to be taken by all Commanders and Officers in
the Army ami Fleet, and by Keepers of Forts
and Caftles, and by other public Officers in the
Army; whereby they lhall be bound to maintain
and defend the two Houfes of Lords and Com-
mons, in this prefent Parliament, and faithfully to
difcharge the Truft committed to them by both
Houfes of Parliament, againft all Authority what-
foever.'

The Lords taking the Report of this Conference
into Confideration, ordered, That a Committee of
their Houfe fhould meet with the Committee of
the Houfe of Commons on Thurfday next in the
Afternoon, in the Prince's Lodgings, to draw up

a Declaration upon the King's Proclamation.

Touching the Jilting of Horfes; the Lords thought
fit that the Thing fliould be done, but not in the
Way as the Ordinance was then drawn ; therefore
appointed another Committee to meet this After-
noon, to confider of the drawing up another Ordi-
nance for that Purpofe. And touching the Or-
dinance to prevent Intelligence, and fending of
Letters to the King's Army, the Lords refolved to
abide by their foxmer Refolution of rejecting it ;

and

Of E N G L A N D. 317

and appointed a Committee to draw up fome Rea-An
ions to be offered to the Houfe of Commons for the
lame.

June 29. A Petition from the Earl of Portland
to the Lords was read, fhewing,

CfHAT be was committed Prifoner in ike City, A Petition from
f rf, B«,WV ,/Auguft/*/ ,at the l***iSZ

Houfe of Commons , upon fame bujpicions and Jealou- on Account of
fies they had of him; where he continued fix Months,ti& late Plot,
almoft to the Ruin of his whole EJlate.

That be is now made a Prifoner upon the fame
Grounds, and at the fame Requeft ; but, as he con-
ceives, without any Charge brought up again/} him .•
IFhereby, and by what Mr. Waller hath threatened
him with fence be was imprifoned, he doth apprehend
a very fad, long, and ruinous Rejlraint, all bis
Goods being already taken out of his Power, which
were the only Means he had for the prefent Subjiftence
of his Family.

He therefore humbly prays the Lords* That he may
not find the Effects of Mr. Waller'* Threats, by a
long and clofe Imprifonment ; but that he may be
fpefdily brought to a legal Trial before them ; and
then he is confident the Vanity and Faljhood of thefe
Informations, which have been given to the Houfe of
Commons againft the Petitioner, will appear both to
their Lordjhips and to them ; and he /hall have the
Teftimony of having ever borne a very faithful Heart
to his Country.

And for this he (ball ever pray, &c.

PORTLAND.

The Lords taking Notice of the Expreflions in
the Petition, about Mr. Waller's Threats to the
Earl, ordered, That they fhould be both examined,
Face to Face, the next Day j to which the .Com-
mons allb agreed.

The

318 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. The Earl of Northumberland was another Perfofl
the Commons accufed as having fome Knowledge
of the late Plot ; and this Day the Commons fent
up to the Lords to have him examined forthwith.
The Commons The Earl being in the Houfe defired the fame
defue the Earl of Thing, that fo, as he faid, his Innocency might
Hortbumbtriand fOOner appear, and he not lie longer under a Jea-

jway be examined , r rf- i_ j _v i

touching that loufy > wmch was done accordingly.

Affair,

July I. The Earl of Manchejler, from the Com-
mittee appointed to take Examinations in the above
Affair, reported what Difcourfe the Earl of Port~
land had lately with Mr. Waller.

Mr. Thinn, the Ufher of the Houfe of Lords,
depofed, * That on the 2ift ult. whilft he ftaid to
fee whether Mr. Alderman Atkins would receive
the Lord Portland, Mr. Waller came to fpeak to
his Lordfliip, as he conceived. The Alderman
carried them into an upper Room, and, when they
came down again, Lord Portland came into the
Parlour, and faid thefe, or the like Words, Pray
do me the Favour to tell my Lord Northumberland,
that Mr. Waller has extremely preffed me to fave
my own Life and his, by cafting the Guilt or Blame
upon the Lord Conway and the Earl of Northum-
berland.'

The Lord Lovelace alfo teftified, but not upon
Oath, ' That he went to the Earl of Portland on
Monday laft ; and, after he had been there a while,
the Earl fhewed Alderman Atkins's Wife a Petition;
and, when fhe had read it, the Earl fhewed it to
him ; and he remembers that, in the fame Petition,
there was this Claufe, That Mr. Waller defired
him to fave himfelf and him, by laying the Blame on
the two other Lords as before'

Thefe Testimonies, with the Earl of Portlands
own Examination, which is not entered in the
'Journals, were ordered to be written out and de-
livered to Mr. Pymme, or any of the Committee
of the Houfe of Commons, by Direction of the
Lords.

The

Of E N G L A N D. 319

The fame Day the Speaker acquainted the Lords, An, 19. Car. I,
that he had received a Letter from th'e Lord- Gene-
ral j which was read as follows :

My Lord,

QlNCE the Coming of the Army to this Place, the A Letter from
° Unfeafonablenefs of the Weather y and fame '^SngSd.
Accidents i hath prevented many Things which I pur- vice of Parlia-
pofed to have attempted^ had God feen it fit ;
therefore 1 much defer e that fame of the Lords of your
Houfe might be fent down^ together with fame of the
Commons^ that we may debate Things of great NeceJJity
to be confedered of ; which I muft defer e may be done
with all pojjible Speed ; that, upon a Refult of what
may be offered^ you may receive full Satisfaction of
our Condition ; which I leave to the Wifdom of the
Houfe > refting

Your Lordftiip's

Thame, June 30,

l643- Faithful Servant,

ESSEX.

A Conference being defired, and held, between
the two Houfes, on the Subject of this Letter, the
Refult of it was, That the Lords named the Earl
of Holland and the Lord Grey of Werk to go, with
a proportionable Number of the Commons, to the
General : But the next Day of Meeting, July 3,
the faid Lords being returned, reported to the
Houfe, That they fet out on their Journey, and
got as far as Ayleflury, where they met with an-
other Letter from the Lord -General, informing
them that the King's Forces were abroad that
Way ; and therefore advifing them not to proceed
any further.

July 4. In the Houfe of Commons, this Day,
Mr. Waller was brought to the Bar, in order to
anfwer to his Charge for being concerned in the
Jate Plot j when his Examinations and Confeflions

3 2 o The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. L were fhewauntoJiim, who acknowledged them all

^ 1 _43 ' to be true. rThen being told by the Speaker, if he

jujy< had any Thing more to fay, either as to the Plot,

or for himfelf, he had Leave to do fo, he made the

following Speech to the Houfe *.

Mr. Speaker,

Mr. Waller's « T Acknowledge it a great Mercy of God, and a
o^Delence',5 \- §reat Favour from you, that I am, once more,
concerning the fuftered to behold this Honourable Aflembly,
late Wot. < I mean not to make ufe of it to lay any Thing

in my own Defence, by Juftification or Denial of
\vhat I have done. I have already confefled enough
to make me appear worthy, not only to be put out
of this Houfe, but out of the World too. All my
humble Requeft to you is, that, if I feem to you as
unworthy to live as I do to myfelf, I may have the
Honour to receive my Death from your own Hands,
and not to be expofed to a Trial by the Council of
War : Whatever you mail think me worthy to fuf-
fer in a Parliamentary Way, is not like to find Stop
any where elfe.

* This, Sir, I hope you will be pleafed, for your
own Sakes, to grant me ; who am already fo mi-
ferable, that nothing can be added to my Cala-
mity— but to be made the Occafion of creating a
Precedent to your own Difadvantage : Befides the
Right I may have to this, confider, I befeech you,
that the Eyes of the World are upon you. You,
govern in Chief, and if you (hould expofe your
own Members to the Punifhment of others, it will
be thought that you either want Power, or Leifure,
to chaftife them yourfelves ; nor let any Man de-
fpife the ill Confequence of fuch a Precedent, as
this would be, becaufe he feeth not prefently the
Inconveniences which may enfue : You have many
Armies on Foot, and it is uncertain how long you

may

* From the Original Edition printed by G. Dexter, and licenced
by Job* Wbite.

Lord Clarendon, after giving a very long and particular Narrative of
this Affair, remarks, ' That Mr. ff'j/leraid as much owe the keeping
hi< Head to this Oration, as Catalint did the Loft of his to thole of

Of E N G L A N D. 321

may have Occafion to ufe them. Soldiers and An. 19. Car. I.
Commanders (though I know well they of the Par- l643-
liament's Army excell no lefs in Modefty than
they do in Courage) are generally of a Nature ready
to pretend to the utmoft Power of this Kind, which
they conceive to be due to them ; and may be too
apt, upon any Occafion of Difcontent, to make
ufe of f'ich a Precedent as this. In this very Par-
liament you have not been without fome Taite of
the Experience hereof ; it is now fomewhat more
than two Years fince you had an Army in the
North, paid and directed by yourfelves ; and yet
you may be pleafed to remember there was a con-
iiderable Number of Officers in that Army, which
joined in a Petition, or Remonftrance, to this Houfe,
taking Notice of what fome of the Members had
faid here, as they fuppofed, to their Difadvantaa;e,
and did little lefs than require them of you. 'Tis
true, there had been fome Tampering with them ;
but what has happened at one Time, may wifely
be thought poffible to fall out again at another.

' Sir, I prefume but to point you out the Danger :
If it be not juft, I know you will not do me the
Wrong to expofe me to this Trial ; if it be juft,
your Army may another Time require the fame
Juilice of you in their .own Behalf, againft fome
other Member, whom, perhaps, you would be lefs
willing to part with. Neceffity has, of late, forced
you into untrodden Paths ; and, in fuch a Cafe as
this, where you have no Precedent of your own,
you may not do amifs to look abroad upon other
States and Senates, which exercife the Supreme
Power, as you now do here.

' I dare confidently fay you (hall find none, either
antient or modern, which ever expofed any of their
own Order to be tried for his Life, by the Officers
of their Armies abroad, for what he did while he
refided among them in the Senate.

' Among the Romans the PradHce was fo con-
trary, that fome inferior Officers in their Army,
far from the City, having been fentenced bv their

VOL. XII. X ' Ge-

322 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.General or Commander in Chief, asdefeiving Death
l643^ by their Difcipline of War, have neverthelefs (be-
*— ~*~ — ' caufe they were Senators) appealed thither, and
Juy' the Caufe has received a new Hearing in the Se-
nate.

' Not to ufe more Words to perfuade you to
take heed that you wound not yourfelves, through
my Sides, in violating the Privileges belonging: to
your own Perfons, 1 fhall humbly defire you to
conlider likewife the Nature of my Offence ; (not
but that I (hould be much afhamed to fay any
Thing in Diminution thereof : God knows 'tis
horrid enough for the Evil it might have occafi-
oned) but if you look near it, it may, perhaps,
appear to be rather a Civil than a Martial Crime,
and fo to have Title to a Trial at the Common
Law of the Land : There may, juftly, be fome
Difference put between me and others in this Bu-
finefs.

' I have had nothing to do with the other Army,
or any Intention to begin the Offer of Violence to
any Body ; it was only a civil Pretence to that
•which I then, foolifhly, conceived to be the Right
of the Subject. I humbly refer it to your Confi-
derations, and to your Confciences. 1 know you
will take Care not to fhed that Blood by the Law
of War, which hath a Right to be tried by the
Law of Peace.

' Ifor fo much as concerns myfelf and my Part
in this Bufinefs, (if I were worthy to have any
Thing fpoken, or patiently heard, in my Behalf)
this might truly be faid, That I made not this
Bufinefs, but found it ; it was in other Men's Hands
long before it was brought to me ; and when it
came, I extended it not, but reftrained it. For the
Propofitions of letting in Part of the King's Army,
or offering Violence to the Members of this Houfe,
I ever difallowed, and utterly rejected them.

' What it was that moved me to entertain Dif-
courfe of this Bufinefs, fo far as I did, I will teJl
you ingenuoufly j and that rather as a Warning

for

Of ENGLAND. 323

Far others, than it makes any Thing for myfelf ; it An. 19. Car. I.
v/as only an Impatience of the Inconveniences of 1<'43«
the prefent War, looking on Things with a carnal ^^^^
Eye, and not minding that which chiefly, if not ^ y*
only, ought to have been confidered, the ineftimable
Value of the Caufe you have in Hand, the Caufe
of God and of Religion ; and the Neceflities you are
forced upon for the Maintenance of the fame. As
a juft Punifhment for this Neglect, it pleafed God
to defert me and fuffer me, with a fatal Blindnefs,
to be led on and engaged in fuch Counfels as were
"wholly difproportioned to the reft of my Life. This,
Sir, my own Confcience tells me, was the Caufe
of my Falling, and not Malice, or any ill Habit
of Mind or Difpofition towards the Common-
wealth, or to the Parliament : For from whence
fhould I have it ? If you look on my Birth you
•will not find it in my Blood : I am of a Stock
which hath borne you better Fruit. If you look
on my Education, it hath been almoft from my
Childhood in this Houfe, and amongft the beft Sort
of Men; and for the -whole Practice of my Life,
till this Time, if another were to fpeak for me,
he might reafonably fay, That neither my Actions
out of Parliament, nor my Expreflions in it, have
favoured of Diflaffeclion or Malice to the Liberties
of the People or Privileges of Parliament.

4 Thus, Sir, I have fet before your Eyes both
my Perfon and my Cafe ; wherein I mall make no
fuch Defence by denying or extenuating any Thing
I have done, as ordinary Delinquents do. My
Addrefs to you, and all my Plea, lhall only be
fuch as Children ufe to their Parents, 1 have of-
fended, I confefs it. I never did any Thing like
it before. It is a Paflage unfuitable to the whole
Courfe of my Life befide ; and for the Time to
come, as God, that can bring Light out of Dark-
nefs, hath made this Bufmefs in the Event ufeful
to you, fo alfo hath he to me : You have by it
made an happy Difcovery of your Enemies, and I
ef myfelf and the evil Principles I walked by ; fo
X 2 that

324 77^ Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. that if you look either on what I have been hereto-

1643. fore, or what I now am, and by God's Grace

^— -v— — ' affifting me, I fliarll always continue to be, you

July§ may perhaps think me fit to be an Example of your

Compaflion and Clemency.

4 Sir, I lhall no fooner leave you, but my Life
•will depend on your Breath ; and not that alone,
but the Subfiftence of fome that are more innocent.
I might therefore fhevv you my Children, whom
the Rigour of your Juftice would make compieat
Orphans, being already motherleis. I.might fhew
you a Family, wherein there are fome unworthy
to have their Share in that Mark of Infamy which
now threatens me : But fomething there is, which
if I could {hew you, would move you more than
all this ; it is my Heart, which abhors what I have
done more, and is more fevere to itfelf, than the
fevered Judge can be. A Heart, Mr. Speaker, fo
awakened by this Affliction, and fo intirely devoted
to the Caufe you maintain, that I earneftly defire
of God to incline you fo to difpofe of me, whether
for Life or Death, as may moft conduce to the
Advancement thereof;

' Sir, not to trouble you any longer, if I die I
fliall die praying for you ; if I live I fhall live
ferving you ; and render you back the Ufe and
Employment of all thofe Days you fhall add to my
Life.'

The Commons After this Speech, Mr. Waller having withdrawn,
expel him, and he was called in again j and, being by the Speaker
he is condemned required thereto, gave the Houfe an exact Account

heCOUndl how he came firft to the Knowledge of this Bufi-
nefs ; as alfo what Lords were acquainted there-
with, or had engaged themfelves therein. Not-
withftanding which he was expelled (he Houfe ;
and fo being left to the Council of War, as all
the reft of the Confpirators had been, he was con-
demned to die. But Mr. l^bitlocke tells us, * That
the Lord-General granted him a Reprieve; and,
after a Year's Imprifonment, and paying a Fine of
10,0007. he was difeharged, and travelled into

France*

Of ENGLAND. 325

France.'' Mr. Tonkins and Mr. Chaloner were An; 19. Car. I.
hanged. l643-

• The Houfe of Commons had received Informa-
tion of fome Deiign of betraying Huil to the King,
in which the famous Sir John Hotbam and his Son information of
were concerned : And, this Day, they fent Si^J^tSdin
William Strickland up to the Lords with a Meffageto deliver up
and feveral intercepted Letters from the aforefaid^^^'teKins.
Sir John and his Son ; in Confideration of which,
he faid, the Commons had come to fome Refolu-
tions for the better fecuring and preferving that
Fortrefs ; which were thefe :

' That Sir William Strickland and Mr. Hatcher^
Members of their Houfe, with the Mayor of the
Town of Hull and Sir Mattheiu Boynton, fhould
be appointed a Committee for the Government of
Hull; and that the former two fliould go down «
forthwith to take it upon thqjn : That Sir Matthew
Roynton fhould be appointed Colonel of the Gar-
rifon in that Town, and recommended to the Ge-
neral for a Commiffion for that Purpofe. Sir Henry
Vane, jun. and Peregrine Pelham^ Efq; Members
for Hull, \vith Sir William Allanfon, were alfo ad-
ded ;' to all which the Lords agreed, with the Ad-
dition of Sir Philip Stapylton and Sir William Con-
Jiable to this Commiffion.

In this Meflage alfo the Commons again prefTed
the Lords to confent to the making of a new GreatTj,e commons
Seal, becaufe, they faid, the Kingdom was notorder a new
able to fubfift without it ; but the Lords let them Great Seal tof*
know, That they adhered, in this, to their former ma e>
Refolution ; which, when the Commons under-
frood, they refolved to give Orders for making a new
Great Seal themfelves, and appointed a Committee
to lee it done with all Speed : But they made no
Ufe of it till the Lords gave their Confent the I2th
of Oftober following. The Form of it was, a Re-
prefentation of the Houfe of Commons, the Mem-
bers fitting, on one Side; and the Arms of England
and Ireland on the other.

X 3 July

326 'The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 19. Car. I. Juty 5. The Commons having had Information
of the iU Succefs of the Lord Fairfax in the North,
and that the Earl of Newcajile had entirely routed
his Forces at Atherton-Moor, near Bradford, were in
great Confirmation : And, this Day, at a Con-
w ference» the C°mmons communicated this bad

cajile ' News to the Lords ; earneftly prefling them to no-

minate a Committee of their Houfe, to go forth-

Whereupon the with into Scotland, and to defire the Scots Nation

Lords agree to to fencj ^id and Afliftance into England againft the
'"'Papifts and others, now in Arms to deftroy the Pro-
teftant Religion and the Liberty of this Kingdom.
The Lords agreed to this, and ordered the Lord
Grey of IPerk to attend the Houfe the next Morn-
ing for that Purpofe.

Little elfe, of Moment, occurs in the "Journals*
till this Day, 'July 10, when we meet with an
Ordinance of Indemnity for thofe Gentlemen that
fecured Sir John Hotham, his Son, &c. which was
re,ad, and agreed to, in thefe Words :

Ah Tndemnifka- « "T T| THereas Thomas Raikes, Mayor of //«//,
fon" ^oncerred'" ' VV Sir Matthew Boynton, Knight and Ba-
in fecuring Sir ' ronet, Sir William St. Quintin, Bart. Sir Richard
John Hot bam < Darley, Sir John Bourchier, and Sir I 'Vi lit am Al~
«nd his SOD. t lanfon, Knights, Lancelot Rof>er? Nicholas Den*
'man, John ^Barnard, and William Popple •, Al-
' dermen, John Penrofe, Gent, and Robert John-
' fan, Clerk, did receive Information that there
' was a Defign for the betraying the Town of

* Hull, which, in their Opinion, could not be
' prevented but by a fpeedy feizing of the Block-
'* Houfes, and other Places of Strength in the Town,
' and alfo of the Perfons of Sir John Hotham, Sir

* Edward Rhodes, and Capt. Hotham : And where-
' as accordingly they, with others, feized on the

* faid Places of Strength, for the Prefervatidn of the

* faid Town, and alfo the Perfons of the faid Sir
' John Hotham, Sir Edward Rhodes, and Capt Ho-

* lham, and the Treafury, Plate, Trunks, Writings,

'

Of E N G L A N D. 327

* and other Things of the faid Sir John Hotbam andAn- *9-

* Capt. Hot/jam, to be in fafe Cuftody till farther
4 Directions from the Parliament :

4 And whereas the faid Mayor of //«//, Sir
( Matthew Boyaton^ and the reft of the Perfons

* firft above-named, did iflue out their Warrants
' and Directions, commanding Captain Scartb to
' march from Scarbrougb with his Soldiers, Arms,
4 and Ammunition he had there, to Beverley^ for
« the Defence of that Place, and of the Goods
' there of Confequence, to be preferred in Beverley

* tili further Directions from the Parliament :

' And whereas they did illue out their Warrants
4 and Directions to divers other Captains for to
4 march with their Soldiers from Hull to Beverley ,
4 for the Defence of that Place :

4 The Lords and Commons do declare, that it

* was an acceptable Service to the Kingdom and
4 Parliament, in the faid Mayor of Hull, Sir Mat-
4 thew -Boynton, and the reft of the Gentlemen
4 above-named, and all that others have done here-
4 in ; and that the Lords and Commons will keep
4 them, and all others that have aflitted them there-
4 in, indemnified and faved harmlefs.'

'July ii. A Letter to the Speaker, from the
Lord-General, was read to the Houfe of Lords,
defining to have 500 Horfe fcnt him, prefently, to
recruit his Army, and 200 Horfe a Month provided
for the fame Purpofe ; as likewife a Magazine of
Saddles and Horfe- Arms. Another Letter of a
later Date, from the General, was alfo read ; which
is inserted } at Length, in the Journals, and is as
follows :

My Lord,

7 Would now have given you the true Relation 0/rheEarl rfEf-
•*• the Skirmifl) on Sunday /«/?, between fame ofourfe^s Letter, fet-
Herfe and the Enemy's, near Buckingham ; but Sir^ 5? *S

i-jL-i- c i i s* i f** i • / • tf diflrefTrd Condi-

Philip Stapykon and Col, Goodwin being wen «/>0»tionof his Army.

the Placet L refer the Relation thereof unto them.

Since

328 ffle Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. Since when, being informed that the King had fent
„,— "*— i more Forces to Buckingham, to maintain that Placcy
July" bring tbofe Parts into Contribution, and give us Bat-
tie there : Hereupon I advanced with the Army to-
wards that Town ; where the Enemy Jiaid till the
Army came within two Miles of them, and then made
Hafle away towards Banbury ; notwithjianding they
bad perfuaded the People, that they would not quit
the Place till they had beat me out of the Country.
1 then, under/landing that they were fled, held it not
fit to go to the Town with my Army, but fent Col.
Middleton with fame Horfe to clear the Town and
Coajf, which he did ; and then advifed where to
quarter with moft Convenience to our Army, and mcft
ready for the Enemy, the Queen's Forces being like
to join with them very fuddenly.

That our Army might the better fecure the Parlia-
ment and the City of London, and the Counties ad-
jacent, and be more fafely fupplied with Money from
London, and lie mojl conveniently to join with the
Forces with the Lord Grey, in Northamptonftiire,
1 did march to Great Brickhill, as the moft fit Place
for all Purpofes.

The Enemy's chief Strength being in Horfe, and
this Army neither recruited with Horfes, nor Arms9
nor Saddles, it is impojfible to keep the Country from
being plundered ; nor to fight with them, but when
and where they lift ; we being forced, when we
move, to march with the whole Army, which can be
but by Jlow Marches ; fo that the Country fuffers
much Wrong) and the Cries of the poor People are
infinite.

If it were thought fit to fend to his Majefty to
have Peace, with the jettling of Religion, the Laws
and Liberties of the Subject, and bringing to juft
Trial tbofe chief Delinquents that have brought all
thefe Mifcbiefs to both Kingdoms ; and as my Lord
of Briftol a fpake in Parliament, how we may be
fecured to have thefe Things performed hereafter ; or
tlffy if bis Majefy Jhall pleafe to abfcnt aimfelf,

there

a The Earl of Sri/laPs Speech for an Accommodation, h:re re-
ferred to, is at large in our Elevecth Volume, p. 58.

Of E N G L A N D. 329

tbere may be a Day fet to give a Period to all thefeAn- ^far>

unhappy Diflr actions by a Battle, (which, when and

where, they fljall chuff wko may be thought any way ~~ i^

indifferent) 1 Jhall be ready to perform that Duty

I owe to you ; and the Proportions to be agreed upon,

between his Majefty and the Parliament, may be fent

to fuch an indifferent Place, that both Armies may

be drawn near the one to the other ; fo that, if Peace

be not concluded, it might be ended with the Sword.

No Officer of the Army to be of fuch Committee) nor

no Intercourfe to be between them.

My Lord, I am

Btickhill Magna,

July 9, 1643. Your Lordfhip's humble Servant,

ESSEX.

Both the Houfes agreed to fupply the Lord-Ge-
neral, as he defired j all the Troops then raifed in
the City of London, except thofe for the immediate
Defence of it, were ordered to march forthwith ;
and that there fhould be a Courfe to fupply him
with Horfe, Arms, and Saddles. There was Ne-
ccffity fufficient for a general Reinforcement at this
Time, the King's Troops being every where vi&o-The great Suc-
rious ; for, befides the great Vidory in the North,^ftheKin-'s
already mentioned, Sir William Waller was de- rmj"
feated in the Weft of England^ by the Lord Wil-
Tnot^ Sir Ralph Hopton, &c. and his Army totally
ruined. Prince Rupert had alfo taken Briftol ; fo
that the King's Affairs were now in the moft
fiourifhing Condition that they ever had been
throughout the whole War. This fome Lords were
fo fenfible of, that a Motion was made for petition--,,
ing the King, before he had recalled his Proclama-.j-0ive to petiuo«
tion, wherein he exprefled this Parliament to be nofor Peace,
free Parliament ; and the Queftion being put there-
upon, it pafled in the Affirmative. This Difpofition
of the Lords towards an Accommodation was, pro-
bably, much forwarded by the King's publiftiing
the following Declaration, addreffed to all his loving

Subjects,

330 5fi^ Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 19. Car. I. Subjects % the Day after he received Advice of the
taking of Brijlol.

( A s the Grievances and Lofles of no particu-
The King's De-' XjL ^ar Perfons, fmce thefe miferable bloody Di-
claratipn, after < {tempers have difquieted this poor Kingdom, can

the Notth^aid ' be comPared to lhe Lofs and Damage we ourfelf
Weft, and the ' nave fuftained, there having been no Victory ob-
/.{ tained but in the Blood of our own Subjects, nor
' no Rapine or Violence committed, but to the
4 Impoverifhment and Ruin of our own People ;
' fo a blefled and happy Peace cannot be fo accept -

* able and welcome to any Man as to us. Al-
4 mighty God, to whom all the Secrets of our

* Heart are open, who hath fo often and fo mira-

* culoufly preferved us, and to whofe Power alone

* we muft attribute the Goodnefs of our prefent
' Condition, how unhappy foever it is with refe-

* rence to the Public Calamities, knows with what
( Unwillingnefs, with what Anguifh of Soul, we

* fubmitted ourfelf to the Neceflity of taking up de-
' fenfive Arms. And the World knows with what

' Juftice and Bounty we have repaired our Subjects, •
' for all the Preffures and Inconveniences they had
" borne, by fuch excellent Laws as would for ever

* have prevented the like ; and with what Earneft-
' nefs and Importunity we defired to add any Thing
' for the Eftablifoment of the Religion, Laws, and

* Liberty of the Kingdom. How all thefe have

* been difturbed, invaded, and almort defhoyed,
' by Faclion, Sedition, and Treafon, by thofe who

* have neither Reverence to God nor Affection to

* Men, but have facrificed both to their own Ends.

* and Ambition, is now fo evident, that we hope,

* as God hath wonderfully manifefted his Care of
' us, and his Defence of his and our moft juft
4 Caufe, fo he hath fo far touched the Hearts of

' our

a Lord Clarendon informs us, ' That the Reafcn of the King'i
addrefling this Declaiation to the whole Kingdom, and not to the
Parliament, was, left he might feem to retract the foregoing Procla-
mation, wherein he had declared the Proceedings of one or both
Houfes to be void, by reafon of the Members not enjoying their juft
freedom and Liberty.

Of E N G L A N D. 33 r

* our People, that their Eyes are at laft opened to An. 19. Car. r.

< fee how miferably they have been feduced, and to
« abhor thofe Per Tons whofe Malice and Subtil ty had

* feduced them to difhonour hun, to rebel againftus,
' and to bring much Mifery and Calamity upon their

* native Country.

' We well remember the Proteftation volunta-

* rily made by us, in the Head of that fmall Army

* we were Mafter of in September laft, to defend

* and maintain the true Reformed Proteftant Reli-
' gion : And if it ihould pleafe God, by his BJef-
' ling upon that Army, to preferve us from this

* Rebellion, that we would maintain the juft Pri-

* vileges and Freedom of Parliament, and govern

* by the known Laws of the Land ; for whofe
' Defence, in Truth, that Army was only raifed,
' and hath fince been kept up. And there cannot

* be a more feafonable Time to renew that Prote-
' ftation than now, when God hath vouchfafed us
c fo many Victories and SuccelTes, and hath render-
' ed the Power of thofe, who feek to deftroy us, lefs
' formidable than it hath been, (fo that we {halt

< probably not fall under the fcandalous Imputation,
1 which hath ufually attended our MefTaees of Peace,

* that they proceed from the Weaknefs of our Power,
' not Love of our People) and when there is more

* Freedom in many Counties, for our good Subjects
' to receive true Information of their own and our

* Condition ; the Knowledge whereof hath been,

* with equal Induftry and Injuftice, kept from them,

* as other Acls of Cruelty have been impofed upon
« them.

' We do therefore declare to all the World, in
c the Prefence of Almighty God, to whom we muft

* give a ft ri6t Account of all our Profeffions and
' Proteftations, That we are fo far from intend-
*•• ing any Alteration of the Religion eftablimed, (33

* hath been often falfely, fcandaloufly, and againft
' the Confcience of the Contrivers themfelves of

< that Rumour, fuggefted to our People) or from

* the leaft Thought of invading the Liberty and

< Property of the Subject, or violating the juft Pri-

332 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. ig. Car. I. ' vileges of Parliament, that we call that God

t l643' « to witnefs, who hath covered our Head in the

jujyt ~~* \Day of Battle, that we defire from our Soul,

* and {hall always ufe our utmoft Endeavour,

* to preferve and advance the true Reformed Pro-

< teftant Religion, eftablifhed in the Church of

< England, in which we were born, have faithfully
« lived, and, by the Grace of God, fhall refolutely
« die : That the Prefervation of the Liberty and
« Property of the Subject, in the due Obfervation
c of the known Laws of the Land, (hall be equally

* our Care, as the Maintenance of our own. Rights ;
' we defiring to govern only by thofe good Laws,

* which, till they were opprelTed by this odious
c Rebellion, preferved this Nation happy. And

< we do acknowledge the juft Privileges of Par-

* liament to be an eflential Part of thofe Laws,
' and fhall, therefore, moft folemnly defend and
' obferve them ; fo that, in Truth, if either Reli-
' gion, Law, or Liberty, be precious to our People,
' they will, by their Submiflion to us, join with

* us in the Defence of them, and thereby eflablifh

* that Peace, by which only they can flourifh and
' be enjoyed.

' Whether thefe Men that be profefled Enemies

* to the eftablifhed Ecclefiaftical Government ; who

* reproach and perfecute the learned Orthodox Mi-

* nifters of the Church, and into their Places put
' ignorant, feditious, and fchifmatical Preachers ;

< who vilify the Book of Common Prayer, and im-
« pioufly profane God's Worfhip with their fcurrilou3

* and feditious Demeanor, are like to advance that

* Religion : Whether thofe Men, who boldly, and
« without the leaft Shadow or Colour of Law, im-
« pofe infupportable Taxes and odious Excifes upon
•their Fellow- Subjects, imprifon, torment, and

* murder them, are like to preferve the Liberty and
' Property of the Subject ; and whether thofe Men,

* who feize and poflefs themfelves of our own un-

* queftionable Revenue, and our juft Rights ; have

* denied us our Negative Voice ; have, by Force
« and Violence, awed and terrified the Members of

4 both

Of ENGLAND. 333

e both Houfes ; and, laftly, have, as far as in them An. 19. Car. I.
« lies, difloived the prefent Parliament, by driving 1643-

* away and imprifoning the Members, and refolving
' the whole Power thereof, and more, into a Com-
' mittee of a few Men, contrary to all Law, Cu-
' ftom, or Precedent, are like to vindicate and up-
6 hold the Privileges of Parliament, all the World
' may judge.

* We do therefore, once more, conjure our good
c Subjects, by their Memory of that excellent Peace

* and firm Happinefs with which it pleafed God to

* reward their Duty and Loyalty in Time paft ; by

* their Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy, which
' no Vow or Covenant, contrived and adminiftred
c to and by themfelves, can cancel or evade ; by
' whatfoever is dear and precious to them in this
' Life, or hoped or prayed for in the Life to come,
' that they will remember their. Duty and confider
' their Intereft ; and no longer fuffer themfelves to

* be mifled, their Prince difhonoured, and their

* Country wafted and undone, by the Malice and
' Cunning of thofe State Importers ; who, under
6 Pretence of Reformation, would introduce what-

* foever is monftrous and unnatural both to Religion

* and Policy : But that they rather chufe quietly to
' enjoy their Religion, Property, and Liberty, found-
' ed and provided for by the Wifdom and Induftry of
' former Times ; and fecured and enlarged by the

* Bleffings upon the prefent Age, than to fpend their
' Lives and Fortunes to purchafe Confufion, and to

* make themfelves liable to the moft intolerable

* Kind of Slavery, that is, to be Slaves to their
' Fellow- Subjects ; who, by their prodigious un-

* -heard-of Acts of Oppreflion and Tyranny, have

* given them fufficient Evidence what they are to
s expect at their Hands.

* And let not our good People, who have been
c miiled, or, through Want of Underftanding or
c Want of Courage, fubmitted themfelves to un-

* warrantable and difloyal Actions, be taught, by
' thefe Seducers, that their Safety now confifts in
4 Defpatr; and that tney can •only fecure them-

« felves

334 Tb* Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car, I.* felves, for the Ills they have done, by a refclute

l643- « and peremptory Disobedience. Revenge and

^""iXr**^ ' Bloodthirftinefs have never been imputed to us*

' even by thofe who have not left cither our Go-

' vernment or Nature unexamined with the greatei^

* Boldnefs and Malice. And all thofe who, fmce
' thefe Bloody Diftra&ions, out of Confcience have

* returned from their evil Ways to us, have found
" that it was not fo eafy for them to repent as for
' us to forgive. And whofoever have been mifled
' by thofe whofe Hearts, from the Beginning, have

* defigned all this Mifchief, and {hall redeem their

* paft Crimes by their prefent Service and Loyalty,
' in the apprehending or op.pofmg fuch who fhall
c continue to bear Arms againft us, and fhall ufe

* their utmoft Endeavours to reduce thofe Men to
' their due Obedience, and to reftore this King-

* dom to its wonted Peace, (hall have Caufe to
' magnify our Mercy, and to. repent the Xref-

* pafles committed againft fo juft and fo gracious a
' Sovereign.

' Laftly, we defire all our good Subjects who
' have really aflifted, or really wifhed us well, now

* God hath done fuch wonderful Things for us,

* vigoroufly to endeavour to put an End to all

* thefe Miferies, by bringing in Men, Money,

* Plate, Horfes, or Arms, to our Aid ; that fo we,
' being not wanting to ourfelves, may, with Conft-

* cence, expect the Continuance of God's Favour

* to reftore us all to that blefled Harmony of Af-
' fe&ions, which may eftablifh a firm Peace ; wiih-

* out the fpeedy obtaining of which, this poor King-
' dom will be utterly undone, though not abfoluteljr
« loft/

. July 12. At the Defire of the Houfe of Corn-
appointed' bo- mons, the Lord Fairfax was made Governor of Huil9
¥ernor of Hull, inftead of the ComraifHoners before named. a

Sir

a The Preamble to this Ordinance runs thus : ' The Lords and
' Commons afil-mblcd in Parliament, upon tlie . -fluted Confidence and
« Tnift which they have and do repofe in the Wil'dom, Valour, and
' Fidelity of the Right Hon. FtrjfamfJt Lord Fairfax, do ordain,
' dcckie, and appoint, &(,

Of E N G L A N D. 33$

Sir John Hotbam and his Son, with other Prifon- An. 19. Car. I.
ers concerned in the Defign upon that Town, were
how brought up to London ; and, this Day, a Com-
mittee extraordinary was appointed by the Com-
mons, to take their Examinations, and to do all
other Acts that might tend to the Difcovery of the
•whole Bufmefs, and all the Circumftances of it.
Ordered, alfo, That no Member of that Houfe,
or any other Perfon, mould vifit Sir John or his Son,
nor fend any Meffages to them, without Leave of
the Houfe.

The Lord Grey of Werk having a Poft in the
Parliament's Army, as Lieutenant-General under
the Earl of EJ/ex^ his Lordfhip mewed very great
lleluctancy to go into Scotland, notwithstanding the
Lords had joined the Earl of Rutland in the Com-
miflion with him. He made many Excufes to
avoid this Embafly, as leaving his Charge, which,
at this Time, the Armies being fo near one ano-
ther, would reflect upon his Honour : He defired
alfo that he might be excufed, on account of an
ill Difpofition of Body, which would not endure a
Sea Voyage, the only Way the Parliament had now
to fend to the Scots with any Safety. But, pro-
bably, it might proceed from his Diflike to go on
fuch an Errand as inviting a foreign Army to come
and invade this Kingdom ; which, mould the King
prevail, might put him paft Hopes of Pardon.
Whatever it was, his Lordihip, this Day, (July 17)
making the fame Excufes to the Lords, he was
ordered to withdraw; when that Houfe, taking
into Confideration the whole Progrefs of this Bu-
finefs, ' and that, upon his Submiffion to their
Pleafure, they had appointed a peremptory Day
for his going, and had alfo acquainted the Houfe of
Commons therewith, the Lords therefore infifted on
their Order, that he fhould go ; and the Earls of
Pembroke, Denbigh^ and Bolingbroke, were fent out
to acquaint him with it.

Soon after the faid Earls returned with this An-
fwcr, That the Lord Grey fubmitted to go, if the

Houfe

336 'The Parliamentary HISTORY"

An. 19. Car. I-Houfe did command him ; but defired them to pre-*
fent to their Lordfhips two Petitions :

*• That ne might enjoy his Place of Command
in the Army.

2. That when he had been in Scotland a while,
and fettled Affairs in fome Forwardnefs, if he found
his Health fo ill that he could not ftay there with-
out Prejudice to himfelf and the Service, that, upon
his humble Suit and Information thereof to the Houfe,
he might be permitted to return home.

Lord Grey of But tne Lords not thinking it fit to have any Con-
Werk committed ditions put upon them, ordered the Lord Grey to be
to the Tower, callec| jn again, and the Speaker to demand his pofi-

tsc, for refilling • * r TT L /• -j rr LI

to go to invitetlve Anfwer : He then laid. He was not able to go
«Le Scott Army, on account of his Health. Hereupon, that Houfe
taking this for an abfolute Denial of their Commands,
and confidering his former Anfwer, in order to vin-
dicate the Honour of their Houfe by fome exem-
plary Punifhment, refolved, That the Lord Grey^ for
his Difobedience, fhould forthwith be fent Prifoner
to the Tower. And, the next Day, his Commiflion in
the Army was alfo taken from him ; tho', very foon
after, he was releafed from his Imprifonment, with-
out any Petition, but not reilored to his Command in
the Army.

'July 19. The following Petition was prefented
to the Lords, from the Aflembly of Divines fitting
at

To the Right Honourable the LORDS and COMMONS
aflembled in Parliament,

The HUMBLE PETITION of divers MINISTERS of
CHRIST, in the Name of themfelves and of fundry
others,

Humbly fheweth,
Petition from thejy*//^ f your Petitioners, upon ferious Confidera-

~ '*'**» and deeP Senfe °f God's heavy lj/rath ly*ns

on us, and hanging over our Heads and the whole Na-
tion ^ and manifefted particularly by the two late fad
and uncxpefted Defeats of our Forces in, the North and

Of E N G L A N D. 337

in the Weft ', do apprehend it to be our Duty, as An, 19. Car. I,
Watchmen for the Good of the Church and Kingdom, to
prefent to your religious and prudent Confederation
thefe enfuing Requejls, in the Name of Jefus Chrift,
your Lord and ours :

Firft, That you would be pleafed to command a
public and extraordinary Day of Humiliation, this
Week, throughout the Cities of London, Weftmin-
iter, the Suburbs of both, and Places adjacent with"
in the weekly Bills of Mortality, that every one may
bitterly bewail his own Sins, and cry mightily unto
God) for Chrift'j Sake, to remove his Wrath, and
to heal the Land ; with profej/ed and renewed Refo-
lutions of more full Performance of the late Covenant^
for the Amendment of our Ways.

Secondly, That you would vouchfafe inftantly to
take it into your moft ferious Confederation, hoiv you
may moft fpeedily fet up Chrift more glorioujly in all
his Ordinances within this Kingdom, and reform all
Things amifs throughout the Land, wherein God is
more fpecially and more immediately dijhonoured :
Among which we humbly lay before you thefe Par-
ticulars ;

1 . That the brutijh Ignorance and palpable Darknefs
pej/ejjing the greatejl Part of the People in all Places
of the Kingdom, whereby they are utterly unfit to
wait upon God in any holy Duty, (to the great Dif-
honour of the Gofpel, and the everlafting Endangering
of their poor Souls) may be remedied by afpeedy and

Jiritt Charge to all Minijlsrs, conjlantly to catechize
all the Youth and ignorant People, they being com-
manded to be fubjett to it, and all Sorts to be prefent
at it ; and Information to be given of all Perfons who
jhall withjland or neglecJ it.

2. Tliat the grievous and heinous Pollution of the
Lord's Supper, by thofe that are grojly ignorant and
notorionjly profane, may be henceforth, with all Cbri-

Jlian Care and due CircumfpecJion, prevented.

3. That the bold venting of corrupt Do Urines, di-
rettly contrary to the facred Law of God, and reli-
gious Humiliation for Sin, which open a wide Door
to all Libertinifm and Difobediencs to God and Man,

VOL. XII, Y may

38 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. 1. may be fpeedily fupprejftd every where , and that in
fuck Manner as may give Hope that the Church may
be no more infected with them.

4. That the Profanation of any Part of the Lcrd'j
Day, and the Days of folemn Fajling, by buying, fell-
ing, working^ Jporting, travelling, or neglefting of
God's Ordinances, may be remedied, by appointing
facial Officers in every Place, for the due Execution
of all good Laws and Ordinances againjl the fame.

5. That there may be a thorough and fpeedy Pro-
ceeding againft blind Guides and fcandalous Minijlers^
by whofe Wickednefs People either lack or loath the
Ordinances of the Lord, and Thoufands of Souls pe~
rijh j and the Removal of the Ark from among us /V,
to the trembling of our Hearts, evidently threatened :
And that your Irifdoms would find cut fume Way to
admit into the Minijlry fuch godly and hopeful Men
as have prepared ihemfelves and are willing thereunto ;
without which there will fuddenly be fuch a Scarcity
cf able and faithful Minijhrs, that it will be to little
Purpofe to cajl out fuch as are unable, idle, cr fcan-
dalous.

6. Tfjat the Laws may be quickened again/I Swear-
ing and Drunkennefs, with which the Land is filled
and defiled, and under which it mourneth.

7. That fame fey ere Courfe may be taken againjl
Fornication, Adultery, and Inceft, which do greatly
abound, efpecially of late, by reafon of Impunity.

8. That all Monuments of Idolatry and SuperJIi-
iion, but more efpecially the whole Body and Praftice
cf Popery, may be totally abolijhed.

9. That 'Jujlice may be executed on all Delinquents-,
according to your folemn and religious Vow and Prote-

Jlation to that Purpofe.

10. That all pojjible Means may be ufed for the
fpeedy Relief and Releafe of our miferable and ex-
tremely diftrejfed Brethren, who are Prifoners in
Oxford,' York, and elfewhere, whofe heavy Suf-
ferings cry loud in the Ears of our God; and it
would, lie very heavy upsn the Kingdom, Jhould
they mifcarry, fuffering as they do for the Caufe of
Cod. J

That

Of E N G L A N D. 339

That fa God, who is now, by the Sword, avengingAn. 19. Car, I.
the Quarrel of his Covenant, beholding your Integrity
and Zeal, may turn from the Fiercenefs of his Wrath,
hear our Prayers, go forth with our Armies, perfect JUiy*
the Work of Reformation, forgive our Sins, and fettle
Truth and Peace throughout the Kingdom.

And the Petitioners {hall ever pray, &c.

This Petition was figned by forty-feven of the
Aflembly; and, in Anfwer to it, the Lords ap-
pointed the next Friday for a folemn Day of Humi-
liation ; and for the. reft they would take the fame
into Confideration. The Order for the Faft was
in thefe Words :

* T I^HE Lords and Commons in Parliament, outAFaftorderedotj
' X °f tne ^eeP Senfe of God's heavy Wrath acc?unt of tlje

« now upon the Kingdom, and more particularlv£l£at HjJi*.

•r n 1 i i i r^-r r r . T-< * arliament s ArJ

* manireited by the late Difcomhture of the Forcesmy in the"

* both in the North and in the Weft, have, for and Weft.
' themfelves, refolved to fet apart and keep, and do

* ordaip and command, That Friday the 21 ft of this

* prefent July, 1643, be fet apart and kept as a Day

* of public and extraordinary Humiliation, by Prayer

* and Fafting, throughout the Cities of London and
1 JVeJiminJler, and Suburbs, &c. that every Soul
' may bitterly bewail his own Sins, and the Sins of

* the whole Nation ; and cry mightily to God, for

* ChrijFs Sake, That he would be pleafed to turn
' from us the Fiercenefs of his Wrath, and heal the
« Land.'

This Order was fent to the Lord Mayor, &c.
with a ftricl Command to fee the due Execution
of it.

The fame Day a Medage from the Lords was
fent down to the Commons, importing, That fmce,
by the Earl of Rutland's Indifpofition of Health, he
cannot go as their Commiilioner into Scotland fo
fpeedily as the Bufmefs requires, and that the Lord
Grey is imprifoned for Contempt) they would thirjc
Y 2 of

34-O The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. of another Lord to be fent in his Stead : But, left
the Affair fhould fuffer by further Delay, the Lords
defired that the Commons would fend their Com-
miffioners away prefently ; and the other fliould fol-
low with all convenient Speed.
Commiffioners About the fame Time the Commons fent up Co-
appointed to^go pies of credential Letters for their Commifiioners,
into Scotland, directed to the Lord -Chancellor of Scotland and the
Council cf State there, and another to the Earl of
Leven, inviting him to take the Command of the
Army which the Scots (hould fend into England, as
having been the Scots General againft the Rebels in
Ireland : Alluring him, That it would lay upon this
State and them fuch an Obligation, as they {hould
ftudy to anfwer in a Manner proportionable, &c.
Along with the former was fent, by the Commif-
fioners, a Declaration of the Lords and Commons
in England to the General Aflembly of the Church
of Scotland, recommending their Commiffioners to
them ; as alfo Mr. Stephen Marjhall and Mr. Philip
Nyet both Minifters of God's Word, and Men of
approved Faithfulnefs and Abilities in their Func-
tions. Alfo a Declaration of the Lords and Com-
mons in England to the Kingdom and States of
Scotland: Both which laft, being printed at Length
in Rujhworth, are unnecefiary here. We (hall only
fubjoin the Parliament's particular InftrucYions to
their Commiflioncrs, as they ftand in the Lords'
Journals j thefe not being printed in the Collec-
tions.

INSTRUCTIONS, agreed upon by the LORDS and
COMMONS in PARLIAMENT, for John Earl of
Rutland, Sir William Armyn, Bart. Sir Henry
Vane, /«;;. Knight, Thomas Hatcher and Henry
Darley, Efquires, appointed CcmmiJJioncrs to the
Kingdom of Scotland.

TheParlu- I. < \7*OU fliall forthwith repair to the King-
' « dom of Scotland, either to Edinburgh or

(•ions to them.

herP

' other Parts, as you fee Caufe3 and you fhall make

* your

Of E N G L A N D. 341

e yout AddrefTcs to the Parliament, or any deputed byAn< f Car r

* them; to the Airembly of the States, or any Com- 1643.

' miffioners appointed by them ; the General Aflem- u— v—*J
' bly of the Church, or the Commiflioners of the Ge- July«

* neral AiTembly ; -the Lords of the Secret Council,
4 Commiflioners for Confervation of the Peace of the
1 Kingdom, the CommifHoners of Common Bur-
' dens, and fuch others as (hall have Power and Au-
' thority to treat with you, upon fuch Matters as you
' have received or fiiall receive in Charge, and to
' negotiate in that Kingdom as Commifiioners of
' and from the Parliament of England.

II. « You {hall take all fit Ways and Oppor-
c tunities to make known to the State and Nation
c of Scotland the great Miferies, Calamities, and

* Dangers, brought upon this Church and Kingdom
' by the Faction of Papifts and Prelates, and their
' Adherents ; whereby we are difabled, for the
' prefent, to make Payment of thofe great Debts
' which are owing to them for the Remainder of the

* Brotherly- Afliitance Money, and the Arrear of their
e Army in Ireland.

III. « You (hall take Care of ftating and fettling
c all Accounts, Debts, and Demands, betwixt the
' two Nations of England and Scotland; and, the
' fame being reduced to a Certainty, you {hall treat
' and compound for the Time and Manner of Sa-
c tisfacYion for the faid Debts, in fuch Maner as

* {hall iland with Juftice and the Conveniency of

* both Kingdoms.

IV. ' As touching the Remainder of the Brotherly-

* Ailiftancc Money ; it is conceived moft juft and
' reafonable ( becauie the War upon the Subjects
4 and People of Scotland^ begun and profecuted in
' the Years 1640 and 1641, was procured by the
' Faction of Papifts, Prelates, and their Adherents,
' which was the Caufe of the coming of the Scots

* into this Kingdom, and of the Engagement there-
' upon made for their Satisfaction) that fufficient

* Lands of Papifts, Prelates, and other Malignants
4 ss have adhered to them, {hall, by the Direction

Y 3 « and

342 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. l.e and Appointment of both Houfes of Parliament,

1643. « be fet forth, out of which Recompence fhafl

^""""y"— ' ' be made for the Forbearance of that Money,

^ ' ' untill fuch Time as Satisfaction {hall be given

* for the Difcharge of all the faid Debts, with
' the Intereft and Confederation for the Forbearance
« thereof.

V. ' As for the Arrears due to the Scots Army

* in Ireland; it being impoffible for this State,
' by reafon of the manifold Troubles and Burdens
' which lie upon it, to make prefent Payment,
' it is defired, That our Brethren of Scotland think

* upon fome other Way how we may give Satis-
' faction, either in the confifcated Lands in Ireland

* by Way of Adventure, according to the Rates
' and Proportions at which they are to be deliver-
' ed to the Englijh Adventurers ; or elfe by In-
' ftalment, at four equal Payments, within two
' Years after the Peace of this Kingdom fhall be

* fettled j or elfe in Provifion in Victuals and Ap-
c parel, to be delivered at reafonable Rates in
' Scotland, or any other Place ; or any other Way
' within the Power of the two Houfes : It being
« our earned Defire to give our Brethren full Gon-
' tentment herein, fo far as God (hall enable us

* thereunto.

VI. « You fhall, according to the precedent Ar-
' tides, treat and conclude for the Difcharge of

* both the Debts afore- mentioned ; that is, the
( Remainder of the Brotherly-Afliftance Money
c and the Arrear of the Army in Ireland, and fuch
' further Payments as (hall grow due, untill they

* fhall be difmifTed, in any of thefe Ways as fhall
' be agreeable to our Brethren : And you fhall re-

* ceive any further or other Proportions from them
' concerning the fame ; and fuch Proportions cer-

* tify to the Lords and Commons in Parliament,

* that fo you may receive further Directions there-

* in.

VII. « You (hall, with the like Plainnefs
' and Truth, make known to our Brethren of

* Scotland , that we are, by thefe Troubles, made

Of E N G L A N D. 343

altogether unable to continue the Charge of the An. 19. Car. I.
Army in Ireland ; therefore, left it fhould become l643-
too great a Burden to them in our Difability *— - -v— — *
of Payment, we defire the faid Army may be ^ y*
difmiffed in fome Ihort Time ; only fuch Gar-
rifons to be kept on Foot, as our Brethren (hall
think fit to fetain for the Guard of Carrickfergus
and Colerainet according to the Treaty in that \
Behalf.

VIIL ' You fhall mediate and conclude an
Eftablifhment of the fame Garrifons, both for
the Number of Men (not exceeding 2000) and
their Allowances, which the two Houfes will
undertake to difcharge accordingly in Money
or Provifions, at reafonable Rates, to be agreed
upon.

IX. * You fhall put our Brethren in Mind,
That the Popifti and Prelattcal Fadion, which
begun with them in the Year 1640 and 1641,
and intended to make Way for our Ruin by
theirs, and fo to have corrupted and altered Re-
ligion in the whole Ifland, have not diminifhed
in any Part of their Malice towards them, or at
all departed from their Defign ; but only varied
in the Manner of their Proceeding ; conceiving
that they have an eafy Way to deftroy them,
if they may firft prevail over us : And thereupon
you fhall ufe your utmoft Endeavour to perfuade
and excite our Brethren to join with us in the
Common Caufe, not only of the two Kingdoms,
but of all the ProfefTors of the Proteftant Re-
ligion^ for the total and univerfal Suppreflion
whereof they may difcern that the Pope and hia.
Faction, in feveral Factions, are ftrongly com-
bined.

X. * You fhall defire, therefore, That both Na-
tions may be ftraitly united and tied for our mu-
tual Defence againft the Papifts and Prelatical
Faction, and their Adherents, in both King-
doms ; and not lay down Arms till they (hall
be difarmed, and fiibjecled to the Authority and

« Juftics

344 Tb* Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. 1.* Juftice of Parliament in both Kingdoms refpectivC"

1643. 4 jy . por tne effecting whereof, we defire our Brc-

*~~yf^ * thren of Scotland to raife an Army of 10,000 Foot

' and 1000 Horfc, or more, to be forthwith' fent

' againft the Papifts, Prelatical Faction, and Ma-

' lignants ; the fame to be commanded by the Earl

' of Leven^ or fuch other General as (hall be ap-

' pointed by the States of Scotland, according to the

* Orders and Directions of both Houfes of Parlia-

* ment ; and to be paid, according to fuch an Efta-
' blifhment as fhall be agreed on, out of fuch Re-

* venues of Papifts, Malignants, and o'ther Delin-

* quents, as fhall be afligned for that Purpofe by the

* two Houfes of Parliament.

;vx " XI. « You (hall take Care that the City of Car-

* life and the Town of Berwick, whenfoever they

* fhall be fecured from the Papifts and Malignants,
' be delivered over unto the Hands of fuch Perfons
' and Garrifons as (hall be appointed by the two

* Houfes of Parliament to receive and defend the

* fame.

XII. ( For the Charge in raifing and arming thofe

* Men ; we fhall give our Brethren Satisfaction as
' fpeedily as may be ; and if the Reafon of the
« War require that thofe Forces, or any Part thereof,
' be employed on this Side Tees, or that it fhall
' be fo defired and directed by the Lords and
e Commons in Parliament, they are, in fuch Cafe,
c to be fubject to the Order and Command of his
c Excellency the Earl of EJJexy or fuch other as fhall

* be appointed Lord -General by the two Houfes of

* Parliament.

XIII. ' You fhall aflure our Brethren of Scot-

* land) That, if they fhall be annoyed or en-
4 dangered by any Force or Army, either from En-
' gland or any other Place, the Lords and Commons
' of England will aflift them with a proportionable
' Army of ic,cco Foot and icoo Horfe, or more,
' to be fent into Scotland for their Defence, under

* fuch Order and Directions as fhall be thought fit

* by the Parliament or State of Scotland; and if

' any

Of E N G L A N D. 345

c any Invafion of the Irijb Rebels, or other Ene- An. 19. Car. I.

* mies, fhall happen during fuch Time as their

4 Army fhall be employed for the Defence of """
4 this Kingdom, you fhall agree with them for

* a Guard of Ships to be maintained by us upon that
4 Coaft.

XIV. 4 And, that the mutual Intereft and Dan-
4 gers of both Kingdoms may be defended and
« preferred by both, yo.u fhall, on the Behalf of

* the Lords and Commons of England, contract

* and agree with the Kingdom and States of Scot-
4 land, that no Pacification, or Agreement for.
4 Peace, fhall be concluded, by the two Houfes
4 of Parliament, without fufficient Caution and
4 Provillon for the Security, Peace, and Safety, of
4 that Kingdom ; the Indemnity of all Perfons and
4 States for and concerning the Aid and Afliftance,
4 which fhall be given to this Parliament and King-
4 dom, for the Suppreffion of the Popifh and ill-af-
4 fedted Party among them ; the fafe and peaceable
4 Return of their Forces fent hither, and the real
4 Performance of all Articles agreed upon with,
4 them.

XV. c You fhall receive the Public Faith of
4 that Kingdom, that neither their Entrance into,
4 nor Continuance in, this Kingdom, in Arms,
4 fhall be made ufe of to the Prejudice of the Rights
4 and Prerogatives of the Crown of England, nor
4 of the Liberties and Privileges of the Subjects ;
4 but that all Matters concerning the fame be de-
4 termined by the two Houfes of Parliament ; and
4 that as our Brethren fhall be pleafed to come in to
4 help us, at our Requeft, fo their Forces fhall be
4 always ready to depart this Kingdom whenfoeVer
4 they fhall, by both Houfes of Parliament, be there-
4 unto defircd.

XVI. 4 You fhall further confider, with our
4 Brethren of Scotland, what other Articles, or Pro-
4 petitions may be fit to be added and concluded ;
4 whereby the Affiftance and Union betwixt the two
' Kations may be made more beneficial, and effec-
tual

346 jfik Parliamentary HISTORY*

An. 19. Car. I.< tual for the Security and Defence of Religion and

t l643' ' Liberty in both Kingdoms : And you {hall cer-

July. ~* f tlfy all fuch Propofuions to the two Houfes of

' Parliament, and thereupon proceed to a Conclu-

« fion, as you {hall receive further Direction from

« them.

5 You are, together with 10,000 Foot and 1000
c Horfe, or more, defired of our Brethren of Scot-

* land for our Afliftance, to confider, agree, and
6 conclude with them concerning a fitting Train of

* Artillery to accompany the fame.

* You are to reprefent to our Brethren of Scot-
e land the Deflre of both Houfes, that the Earl of

* Antrim may be examined with reference to the

* Affairs of this Kingdom, upon fuch Interrogatories

* as {hall be, by you, framed and propounded in

* that Behalf, or fuch as {hall be hereafter appointed
' by both Houfes ; which Examinations you are

* to return unto the Houfes with all convenient
« Speed.

' You are to profecute the InftrucYions formerly

* given, by the two Houfes, unto Michael JVelden

* and John Corbet, Efquires, concerning the fix

* Earls of Scotland voted Incendiaries by both
6 Houfes a.

' And whereas, by A£t of Parliament in both
c Kingdoms, concerning the Treaty of Peace be-

* tween the two Nations, two Commiflions, the

* one for conferving of Peace, and the other for

* Trade, are directed and appointed ; which Com-

* miffions are parted and confented to by the two
' Houfes of Parliament ; you are therefore, accord-
' ing to the faid Commiflions, and in, the Capa-
*• city of Commiflioners in that Behalf, to treat and

* advife of all fuch Matters as, by the faid Act of
' Parliament, is appointed ; and to carry with you
e authentic Copies of the fame, and them to deliver
' to the Commiffioners for conferving of Peace, aa
' you {hall fee Cauie.

* You

a The Earls of Roxburgh, Jtftrten, dtsnar.d*!:, Kir.nsul, Carn~
<U>atb, and Lar.tr k.

Of E N G L A N D. 347

e You are to reprefent to the General Affembly An. 19. Car. I.
c of Scotland, or to the Commiffioners appointed by
4 them, the Care and Endeavours of both Houfes

* for a perfect Reformation in this Church, and
' the happy Progrefs made by them therein ; for

* the better accompliftiing whereof they have called
' an Affembly of Godly and Learned Divines, who

* are now fitting ; and that, by reafon of the Pre-

* valency of the Papifts, Prelatical Faction, and

* other Malignant Enemies to this fo-much-defired

* Reformation, now in Arms againft the Parlia-

* ment, thefe good Beginnings are like to receive
' Interruption, if they be not utterly difappointed :
' And therefore you are not only to defire Afliftance

* of that Reverend and Godly Aflembly, for the

* carrying on this Work with their Prayers, but

* alfo by fuch feafonable and effectual Means, as
c to them fhall feem meet ; and you are to co-ope-
' rate with the States of the Kingdom of Scot-
' land, for the effecting of the Defires of both
c Houfes in the neceffary Supplies and Aid now
' defired of our Brethren.

' You are alfo, according to the Defires of both

* Houfes, formerly expreffed in their Inftru&ions to
' 'John Corbet, Efq; and now in their Declaration
' to the General Affembly, to follicit the fpeed-
' ing away of fuch and fo many Reverend and

* Godly Divines as they fhall make Choice of,
< to be Afliftants in the Affembly called by the

* two Houfes.'

July 22. A Letter to the Speaker of the Houfe
of Lords, from the Council of War, was read j ,the
Occafion of it will be beft known from its own
Words :

My Lord, Brickhill, July 25, 1643.

JT/- E ha-ve^ after divers Addrejfes to the Houfes, A Letter from
*^ with Patience expelled Recruits, and Supplies the Council of
of Men, Horfes, Saddles, and Arm^ to enable «j War, in the Earl
to do the State that Service which ^ve mo ft heartily W*
vji/h "Me could perform : And we Lt^e, in Modefly^

for-

348 cTke Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. 1. for borne to prefs the NeceJJity of the Armies upon
*I^3» your Lordfoips, fo often as the Condition thereof re-
quired^ till now we are driven to that Exigent that
we can be no longer felent ; we mujl therefore, to dif-
charge that Truft repofed in us, make known unto
your Lord/hips, That the Army is much decayed very
fuddenly, partly by the Mortality and Sicknefs which
hath befallen us, and which lieth ftlll upon us ; and
partly for Want of Pay and Cloathing, our Soldiers
being grown bare, and many of them almojl naked ;
and the Running away of our Soldiers is not the leajl
Occajion of our Weaknejs, who are encouraged to leave
us, out of a Report of raijing new Armies^ wherein
they hope they /hall be entertained.

We hold it novj fit to make public the particular
Condition of the Army ; not knowing whether it will
be more pleajing to their Lordjhips to refer the Infor-
mation thereof to fuch as Jhall be appointed, bv your
Lordflrips, to receive the particular Relation thereof
from thofe who are herewith fent to give a full
Satisfaction therein : But thus much we Jhall be
bold to fay, That if a con/I ant Courfe be not
held that the Soldiers may be duly paid and bet-
ter cloathed, and the Recruits cf Men, Horfe,
Saddles, and Arms, may likewife be provided, it
will be impoffible for us to anfwer your Expeffa-
iions, or difcharge the Duties cf our Place ; where-
of we have thought fit to give your "Lordfiips time-
ly Notice, that we may not, hereafter, have it laid
to our Charge that we have dealt unfaithfully in
concealing that which, in the End, and that too
foon, will be the Deflruflion and Overthrow of
this Army, if fpeedy Courfe be not taken to fupply
the Wants, and prevent our further Weaknefs, oc-
cafioned chiefly by thofe Particulars mentioned ; feme
whereof will reft In your Lordjhip's Power to provide
again/}.

My Lord, it concerning our Honour and the Safe-
ty of the Kingdom, we mujl deal plainly and clear-
ly with you, That if a fpeedy Care be not had,
there will not, in a few Days, be left the Face

Of E N G L A N D. 349

of an Army here amongjl us : All which we refer to An. 19. Car. I.
your Lord/hip's mo ft ferious and fpeedy Confederation^
and reft

Your Lordfhip's

Humble Servants>

THOMAS GREY, JA. HOLBORNE,

WILLIAAI BROOKE, LIONEL COPLEY,

JOHN MIDDLE-TON, JOHN MERRICK,

HARRY BARCLAY, PHIL. SKIPPON,

JOHN BURGOYN, PHIL. STAPYLTON.

FRANCIS RUSSEL, EDWARD ALDRICH,

THOMAS TYRRELL, SAMUEL LUKE.

This Letter was ordered to be communicated to
the Commons, at a Conference ; aft-er which both
Houfes fell upon various Ways and Means to raife
Money, of which they were then in great Want.
They alfo agreed that a large Body of Horfe
fhould be raifed ; and this Day, 'July 25, a longThe Parliament
Ordinance was read and agreed to for that Purpofe. refolve to ™ife
This Army was to be commanded by the Earl of^E^"^ er
Mancbejler^ and was, as it is declared in the
dinance, to prevent the great Mifchiefs done by the
King's Horfe, his Army being faid to be vaftly
fuperior in that Kind of Force.

The reft of the TranfacYions of this Month, any
way relative to our Defign, will be comprized in a
very little Room.—; — Sir John Conyers, Lieutenant
of the Tower, having afked Leave of both Houfes to
go into Holland, with his Lady, for two Months,
it was agreed to ; and the Lord Mayor and the two
Sheriffs of London were appointed to execute that
Office till the other's Return. Sir William Waller
alfo, having loft his own Army in the Weft, was
authorized to command all the Militia in and about
London.

The Earl of Portland and the Lord Conway*
having now laid as Prisoners feven Weeks, on the
Tingle Teftimony of Mr. Waller againft them, were,
by the Lords, admitted to Bail. The Earlx>f Denbigh

and

35° ¥he Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. Land the Lord Hunfdon for the former, and the Earl
qfB^r^and Lord Howard oi Efarick for the latter,
in iooo7. each ; to be forfeited to the King, if, after
Notice, they did not appear before the Parliament
in three Days Time.

July 31. To clofe this Month, we mail give an
authentic Proof of the Weaknefsthe Parliament was
reduced to at this Time, from their Lord- General
JEJ/ex's Propofitions ; which were delivered to the
Earl of Northumberland^ by fome Officers of the
Army, fent on purpofe to the Committee of Safety ;
and by the faid Earl again prefented to the Houfe
of Lords, as a Matter deferving the moft ferious
Regard of both Houfes of Parliament. They bore
this Tide:

CONSIDERATIONS to le offered to the Parliament,
concerning the JVeaknefs of the Army* and the
EXPEDIENTS for Remedy thereof.

ThsEarl of£/-' ^i'^HE Number of Foot are 3000 marching

/«c's Propofah * J. Men, and at kaft 3000 fick, occafioned by

jor. enforcing t. the Want of Pay, ill Cloathing, and all other

rmjr* * Miferies which attend an unpaid fickly Army.

« The Number of the Horfe 2500, (3000 laft '

* Mufter) occafioned by the Lofs of Horfes upon

* hard Duty and Service, and other Cafualties in-
' cident to Horfe in Service ; Recruits of Horfe,

* though often defired, not performed. Befides,

* by reafon of a new Army being raifed, the Of-

* fleers find themfelves neglected, the prefent Re-
c giments much leftened, lifting themfelves elfe-
c where for the new Army, expecting better Pay

* and Cloathing ; and, upon their going hence,

* are entertained and protected : And great Dii-
c couragements and Scandals put upon his Excel-
6 lency, the Officers, and Army, either through

* falfe Suggeftions of fome am on git us, or the Mif-
« understanding of others ; poifoning the AfFec-
« tions of the People, which hinders Recruiti and

* Contributions.

'As

Of ENGLAND. 351

c As Remedies for which Mifchiefs we offer thefe A

* Things :

1. * A fpeedy Pay of Arrears, and a conftant

* Pay fettled for the future ; which will draw on
6 Recruits, and give Way to more ftr'nSl Difci-
' pline : And that Cloaths may be provided accord-
c ing to i ooo for every Regiment : To which Pur-
e pofe an Ordinance for a Prefs may be immediately
6 parted.

2. ' That 500 Horfe be fent, and 200 provided,

* monthly, for Recruits.

3. ' That the Forces to be raifed may not be

* put into a new Army untill the old Regiments be
c recruited : No Officer or Soldier to be entertained

* into any other Employment : And that fevere

* Punifhment be executed upon fuch, and thofe that

* entertain them.

4. * That fuch as' (hall be found guilty of any

* Scandals laid upon his Excellency, any of his
c Officers, or Army, may be feverely puniflied ;
c whereby the like Offences may be no more com-
c mitted : And a Declaration of both Houfcs paf-

* fed, for the Vindication of his Excellency and
c them.

5. * That full Power having been given to his
c Excellency, by an Ordinance of both Houfes,

* for the granting of all Commiffions for the raifing
« or commanding of any Forces, Towns, or Gar-

* rifons : It is conceived moft requifite, for the bet-
c ter ordering of the Army, that no Commifliou

* be granted whatfoever, but from his Excellency ;
' the Want of which breeds Difobedience to his
6 Excellency's Commands, to the Prejudice of the

* Kingdom.

6. ' That the Lofs of the Weft is rumoured to be
c occafioned by his Excellency. Defired, it may be
' thoroughly examined what the Lofs was, and the
e Occafion of it.*

ESSEX.

, l643l

The

352 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. The Lords taking thefe Confiderations into fe-
^ JV rious Debate, came to the following Refolutions :
Auguft. *• ' That l^e Lord -General's Army fhall be

recruited, in the firft Place, by all pofiible Means ;
and for the fpeedier expediting thereof, their Lord-
fhips think it fit that an Ordinance of both Houfes
be pafled for preffing of Soldiers.

2. ' That a Declaration be publifhed, to vindicate
the Lord-General, his Commanders and Officers,
from Scandals and Afperfions.

3. * That a Declaration may be publifhed, that
no Commander, or Soldier, of the Lord-General's
Army, fhall be entertained in the City, or any other
Place. If they be feen there they fhall be punifh-
cd.

4. * That fuch Perfons, that fhall be employed
In the Army under the Lord-General, fhall be un-
der his Command, and receive their Commifiions
from him.

5. ' That it be recommended to the Houfe of
Commons, to provide for the Paying the Arrears
of the Army, and to recruit him with 200 Horfes
monthly.

6. * That their Lordfhips hold it fit that the Ru-
mour of lofing the Weft be examined.

' Ordered, That thefe Confiderations and Reme-
dies, with the Senfe of this Houfe, fhall be commu-
nicated to the Houfe of Commons at a Conference,
and their Concurrence herein defired.'

Auguft 3. Many Alterations had been made,
from Time to Time, in the Parliament's Ordi-
nance for the General Weekly Afieflment, as well
as in that for fequeftring Delinquents' Eftates, &c.
occafioned chiefly by a wrong Interpretation of
thefe new Acls of Power, or the Partiality of the
Collectors. To remedy which, the former Ordi-
nance was now regulated, and put on a Footing
lo ftand throughout England and Wales ; and,
this Day, being agreed to by both Houfes, was
ordered to be printed and publifhed. This Ordi-
nance, which is neither in jRjtfatnrtlft Colletl'ions,

nor

Of ENGLAND. 353

nor Huflands'sy nor in any other that we have feen, An. 19. Car. I.
we give from the Lords' Journals. .^

The Preamble runs thus :

* /" I A

' Parliament, being'fully fatisfied, andrefol-for

« ved in their Confciences, that they have lawfully ^-

* taken up Arms, and may and ought to continue out England and
' the fame for the neceiTary Defence of the true Re- fales> fi»«"7-

* formed Religion, of themfelves and the Parliament, mg °n l e "'
' from Violence and Deftruclion, and of this King-

' dom from foreign Inva'Hon, and for the bringing
' of notorious Offenders to condign Punifhment ;

* which are the only Caufes for which they have
' raifed, and do continue, an Army and Force,
' which cannot poffibJy be maintained, nor the
' Kingdom fubfift, without the fpeedy raifing of
' large and confiderable Sums of Money, propor-

* tionable to the great Expences which now this
' Kingdom is at, for the fupporting of the faid Ar-

* my, and for the faving of the whole Kingdom, our

* Religion, Laws, and Liberties, from utter Ruin
< and Deftru&ion : Which that it may be done with
' as much Eafe and Indifferency to the good Subjects,

* as the Exigence of the Tjme will permit, the faid

* Lords and Commons do ordain, &c.

The enabling Claufes, in which, for Brevity's
Sake, we have left out the IPords of Form, run
thus :

' That, for the feveral Purpofes aforefaid, the
f Weekly Sums of Money hereafter mentioned (hall
' be levied upon all the Counties, Cities, Towns,
' Liberties, Places, and Perfons, hereafter mentioned,

* according to the Proportions herein exprefied, to

* be paid in weekly to the Collectors appointed for

* receiving thereof. £. s.
"Bedfordshire^ • — — — 22 O CO

Berkfiire, , , 550 OO

Buckinghamfoirey • • 420 OO

Cambridge fbire^ »• • •. 275 CO

Ifie of E!yy •— .. . - 147 10

VOL. XII. Z Chtjbirt,

354 ^b* Parliamentary HISTORY

L. K

An. 19. Car. I.CbeJhire, > - . 175 OO

«643- City of C/>e/?*r and County thereof, — 62 oo

V^v^ Cornwall, ' i 625 oo

Cumberland , • 37 IO

Derbyjhire, — 175 OO

Devon/hire. 1800 CO

City of Exeter and County thereof, — 50 10

Dorfetjhire, 705 oo

Durham, < 62 IO

Effex, — 1125 oo

Gloucejterjhire, • 750 oo

City rfGhucefter and County thereof, 62 10
Hamp/hire, with the City of Wincbe- 1

ftery Southampton^ and the Ifle of > 750 CO

Wight* i .

JierefordJJnre, and City of Hereford, — 437 IO
Hertfordjhlre, — — 450 OO

Huntingdonjhire, 220 OO

Kent, with the Cities there, 1250 CO

Lancajblre, • 500 co

Leicejlerjhire, — 187 JO

Lincolnjhire, with the City of Lincoln^ — 812 IO
Middlesex, and the City and Liberty of \

Wejlminfter, \ ^° CO

Monmoutkjkire, — — 62 10

Norfolk, with the City of Norwich, — 1250 oo
Northumberland, —

Newcajlle upon Tyne,
Northampton/hire, -
NotttnghamJJnre, —

Oxfordjkire, • — -

Rutlandjbirey —

Salop,

Somerfetfljire, — •

City of Briflol,
Staffordjhire, —

City of Litchfield, —

Suffolk,

Surrey, with the Borough of Swtbwark, 500 oo
Sujfext ' -— 625 oo

War-

Of E N G L A N D. 355

Coventry City and County thereof, —
IVeflmor eland, — — •

Wiltjhire, •

Worcejlerjhlre, — •

Worcefter City and County thereof,
Torkjhire, —

York City and County thereof, —

Kingjlon upon //a//, — —

W

s.

Anglefey,

Brecknock,

Cardigan,

Carmarthen,

Carnarvon,

Denbigh,

Flint,

Glamorgan,

Montgomery^ ——

Pembroke,

Haverford-Wejl,

Radnor. • ••• •

' Every Perfon cf the Eftate of a Baron or Ba-
ronefs, and every Eftate above, and every other
Perfon born within England, Wales, or other
the King's Dominions, as well Ecclefiaftical as
Temporal ; and every Corporation, Fraternity,
Guild, Myftery, Brotherhood, and Commonalty,
Corporate or not Corporate, fliall pay towards
the Weekly Sum fo aflefled upon each County,
according as the fame fliall be tax'd upon the re-
fpe&ive Town, Hamlet, Parifh, or Place where
fuch Perfon is chargeable, his refpe£tive Propor-
tion for whatfoever he hath to his own proper
Ufe, as well in Coin as in Plate, Stock of Mer-
chandize, or any Manner of Corn, Grain,
Houftiold Stuff, and of all other Goods and
Moveables, as well within this Realm as with-
out, and of all fuch Sums of Money as to him is
Z 2 * owing,

£.

562

•• An. 19. Car. I.

10 1643.

37
27

05 Au5uft«

725

00

150

oo

16

J3

1062

10

62

00

25

00

25

oo

50

10

62

10

50

00

30

00

3

oo

10

67

IO

12

IO

62

10

50

oo

5

oo

37

10

356 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car, l. £ owing, whereof he trufts in his Conference to be
l643- < paid, except Money that he doth owe, and, in
*"" 7"^"^""^ ' his Confcience, intends truly to pay ; and except
£u ' « alfo the Apparel of every fuch Perfon, their \

' and Children, belonging to their own Bodies,
' faving Jewels, Gold, Silver, Stones, Pearl : And

* every Alien and Stranger, born out of the King's
' Obeyfance, as well Denizens as others, inhabiting
' within this Realm ; and aifo every Popifh Recu-
' fant, convict or not convict, (hall pay a Propor-
' tion double to thofe of the like Eftates, being no

* Aliens or Recufants.

' Every Perfon born within the King's Obeyfance,

* as well Ecclefiaftical as Temporal ; and every
4 Corporation, Fraternity, tsV. fhall alfo, forever/
' Eftate which fuch Perfon, Corporation, Frater-

* nity, cffr. or any other to their Ufe, in Truft or

* otherwife, hath, in Fee-Simple, Fee-Tale, or
' Term of Life, Term of Years, by Executorfhip,

* Wardfhip, or by Copy of Court- Roll, in any
' Honours, Caftles, Manors, Lands, Tenements,
c Rents, Services, Tythes, Obligations, Obven-

* tions, Annuities, Offices of Profit, Fees, Cor-
c rodies, or other yearly Profits or Hereditaments,
' as well within antient Demefne and other Places

* privileged, as elfewhere, fhall pay towards the faid

* Weekly Sums his Proportion thereof as charged
' upon each County as aforefaid, according to the

* true Intent and Meaning of this Ordinance. Ex-
' cepted always from this Aflcfirnent, all the Goods,

* Chattels, and Ornaments belonging to any Church

* or Chapel for the Service of Almighty God ; and
' except yearly Wages due to Servants.

* And the laid fcveralSums, lo charged upon the

* feveral Counties, Cities, cfrV. ftiall be rated before

* the tenth Day of Augujl^ 1643; and the faid
' Weekly Payments are to continue for two Months

* (accounting twenty-eight Days to the Month) next

* enfuing, from the faid tenth Day of Augvft^ un-

* lefs the King's Army fhall be difbarxled in the

* mean Time,'

Of ENGLAND. 357

Next follow the Names of the Commijfioners for An. 19. C«r. I,
-executing this Ordinance in each County , &c. 1643.
but thefe, being mojlly the fame ivitb tbofe ap~ * "">" »— f
pointed for the Sequejiration of Delinquents' u^u *
Efiatt;, before given at large, we pafs over^
and proceed with our Abjlratt of the Ordi-
nance.

4 The Commiffioners of the feveral Counties and
c Places, or the greateft Part of them, {hall, with
4 all convenient Speed, after Notice of this Ordi-
4 nance, meet together in fome convenient Place
4 within their feveral Counties and Places, and may
4 there agree to divide themfelves, for the Execution

* of the faid Service, into fuch Hundreds, Places,
4 and Divifions within their refpe&ive Counties, &c.
4 as to them fhall feem expedient ; and afterwards
4 they, or any two of them refpeclively, fhall
4 dire.cl their Warrants to fuch Number of Per-
4 fons as they fhall think fit, within their feveral
' Divifions, to appear before them; and, upon
' their Appearance, the faid Commiffioners, or any

* two of them, fhall appoint fuch Perfons as they
' think fit, within their refpecYive Divifions, who
' fhall have Power to alTefs every Perfon, Corpo-
' ration, Fraternity, &c. according to the \Veekly

* Rates and Proportions in this Ordinance men-
' tioned.

* And the refpecYive Commiffioners, or any two
£ of them, fhall have Power, within their refpecYive
4 Limits, to nominate Collectors for the Money fo

* afiefTed, who fhall pay the fame to the Treafurers

* of the Army, raifed by the Parliament, for the
'Time being, at Guildhall^ London, or at fuch

* Place, or to fuch Perfons, as the faid Commif-
6 fioners fhall appoint : And if any Perfon, Corpo-

* ration, Fraternity, &V. fhall refufe to pay the

* Sums upon them aflefled, or fhall not pay the
4 fame, upon Demand, at the Place of his Abode,
4 or where fuch AflefTment fhall be made, it fhall
4 be lawful for the Collectors, or any two of them,

* to levy all Sums fo aflefTed by way of Diflrefs and

Z 3 * Sale

358 The Parliamentary

An. 19. Car. i.« Sale of their Goods, wherever the fame fhall be

.^ 'tlLj ' f°und » an(J to break open any Houfe, Cheft,

Auguft. ' Trunk, Box, or any other Thing wherein fuch

* Goods are : And if any Perfon, fo diftrained, (hall
4 make Refiftance, it fhall be lawful for the faid.
« Colle&ors, as they (hall fee Caufe, to call to their
6 Afliftance any of the Train'd Bands, or Compa-

* nies of Volunteers, or other Forces, within the
' County or Place where fuch Refiftance fhall be

* made, or any other Perfon dwelling in or near the
' Place ; and the faid Train'd Bands, t£c. are re-

* quired to be aflifting to the faid Collectors at their
« Peril.

' Every Perfon fhall be rated, in every County,

- * for the Eftate he hath, either in Lands, Tene-

' ments, Hereditaments, Rents, Annuities, Fees,

* Offices, Goods, Cattle, or Chattels, in that County
c only ; and if he has an Eftate, either in Lands,
' Tenements, 13 c. in more Counties than one, then

* to be rated in each County according to fuch his
« Eftate.

'All Lands, Tenements, &c. of every Perfon,

* of what Degree foever, fhall be rated towards

* raifing of the faid Weekly Sum charged by this
' Ordinance j with this Provifo, That if the Lands
' be fet at, or let* near, the yearly Value thereof,

* in the Pofleilion of any Tenant for Life, Lives,
' Years, or at Will, fuch Perfon, to whom the Rent
' thereof belongeth, to be folely chargeable there-

* with j but if the fame be lett at any Under- Value,

* then the Sum taxed to be apportioned between the

* Party to whom the Rent belongeth and the Te-
' nant thereof, as theTaxers fhall think meet; and
*' if any of them fhall do any Injury, the fame to

* be rectified by the Commiflioners, or any two of
c them, within their feveral Limits, according to

* their Difcretion : And if any fuch Tenant of

* Lands, &V. fhall be charged with any Sum, con-

* trary to the true Meaning of this Ordinance, it

* fhall be lawful for fuch Tenant to ftop the fame
f out of his Rent due for the fame Lands, or to

* take his lawful Remedy againft fuch Perfon to

* whom

Of E N G L A N D. 359

« whom the faid Rent is due, (who ought, by theAn. 19. Car. I.

* true Meaning of this Ordinance, to be charged
4 therewith) by Action of Debt, wherein no Wa-
4 ger of Law, Protection, 'or Effoign, {hall be al-
4 lowed.

4 All Perfons having any Debts or Sums of Mo-
4 ney owing to them within this Realm, or any
4 Debts, Goods, or Sums of Money beyond the
4 Seas, out of his Majefty's Dominions, {hall be
4 charged for the fame in the Place of his Refi,dence
4 at the Time of the Taxation.

4 No Perfon having two Manfions to refort to,
4 and calling himfelf Houfhold Servant or Waiting
4 Servant to the King's Majefty or other Perfons,
4 {hall be excufed from Payment to this AfiefTment:
4 And if any Perfon, by Craft, happen to efcape

* from the faid Payment, according to the true
4 Meaning of this Ordinance, and that proved before
4 the faid Commiflioners, or any two of them, then
4 every fuch Perfon {hall be charged the treble Va-
4 lue of fo much as he {hould have been taxed at;
4 and the fame to be levied by Diftrefs and Sale of
4 his Goods : And if no Diftrefs be found, then the

* faid Collectors {hall refpeclively have Power to
4 inquire for any Money due, or to be due, to the
4 Perfons fo affefied, for any Rents or Goods what-<
4 foever, and to compound for any of the faid Rents,
4 Goods, cf?<r. with any Perfon by whom they are
4 due ; alfo to give a full Difcharge for the Money
4 by them fo received upon Compofition, or other-

4 wife ; which Difcharge {hall be valid to all Intents
4 and Purpofes.

4 If any Perfon fhall find himfelf over-rated, fuch

* Perfon, before Diftrefs taken, may complain to the
e Commiflioners within that Divifion; which Com-
4 miffioners, or any two of them, fhall have Power
4 to give Relief as they fhall fee Caufe ; and if any
4 Perfon, fo aggrieved, be fuch as have not formerly
4 contributed to the Propofitionsr or not paid upon
4 the Ordinance for afleffing of fuch as have not
4 contributed at all, or not contributed according to

4 the

360 The Parliamentary HISTORY
19. Car. i.« the Proportion of their Eftates, then the faid Par-
l643- c tjeS) if they be not aflefled above a proportionable
]T^ft ' Part as other Men of their Ability have paid upon

* the Proportions, or have paid upon the faid Or-

* dinance, not exceeding the Twentieth Part, the
' Rates fo aflefled to ftand without Appeal : Pro-
' vided that no Perfon be aflefled above the Sum of
« jo/, the Week.

* And, for the Encouragement of the Collectors,
' Three-pence in the Pound fhall be allowed for
e every Sum paid to the Receivers appointed by
' this Ordinance ; Two-pence whereof fhall be al-
' lowed to the Collectors, and the Refidue to fuch
e other Perfons as {hall be employed in the faid

* Service, according to the Difcretion of the Com-
' miifioncrs.

« And that all the Monies aflefled may be col-

. * leered, the refpe6ltve Afleflbrs fhall, within one

' Week after their refpective Afleffments made, re-

e turn their feveral Afleflments to the Commiffioneis

' for their refpe&ive Divifions ; who are hereby

* required, within ten Days after, to deliver a Copy
c thereof, fubfcribed with their Hands, to the Col-

* lectors within their Divifions ; and alfo to fend
4 up another Copy to the Treafurer of the Army
' raifed by the Parliament, for the Time being, that

/ * the faid Treafurer may know thereby what he is

* to receive of every Parifh, bV. within the Realm ;
c which Sums (hall be paid to the faid Treafurer at

* Guildhall, London.

* And if any Aflefibrs or Collectors {hall refufe
' the faid Service, or be faulty therein, the Com-
' miflioners for the Divifions where iuch are, fhall

* have Power to commit them to Prifon, or to fet

* fuch a Fine upon them as they fhall think fit, not
' exceeding the Sum of 20 /. upon the Aflefibr, or

* the Sum of 5 /. upon the Collector, the fame to
« be levied by Diftrefs and Sale : And if any Perfon

* fo aflefled as aforefaid, (hall conceal his Goods,

* fo that no Diftrefs can be taken, or the Sum fo.
« aflefled levied by any the Ways in this Ordinance

men-

Of ENGLAND. 361

' mentioned, then the Collegers fhall certify the An. 19. Car. J.

* fame ; in cafe he be a Peer, unto the Lords in 1643

4 Parliament j and, if he be under that Degree, to ^•""— v— «J

* the Committee of Lords and Commons appointed AuEuft«

* for the Advance of Monies ; which Committee

* fhall have Power to fend for fuch Perfons as De-
4 Jinquents, and commit them Prifoners to fuch
4 Place within this Kingdom, and for fo long a
' Time, as the Committee for Examinations fhall
« think fit.

4 All the Afleflbrs and Colleaors, and all that
e fhall aflift them in the Premises, (hall be prote£t-

* ed, by both Houfes of Parliament, from all Da-

* mage that may come to them by this Service ; and

* fhall further receive fuch Allowances for their
c Charge and Obedience in the Execution of this
4 Ordinance, as upon Certificate from the Com-

* miflioners, or any two of them, fhall be thought

* fit by the Committee of the Houfe of Commons

* for Examinations.

' Laftly, Where noCommiflioners are named in

* this Ordinance for any County, &c. fuch other

* Commiflioners as are appointed by Parliament fhall
4 put this prefent Ordinance in Execution within
s any fuch County, &c.

* Provided that no Peer of this Realm fhall, by

* virtue of this Ordinance, be rated for any of his
4 Manfion-Houfes, with the Appurtenances, in any
4 Place whatfoever ; but that the AfTefTors fhall cer-
4 tify the fame unto the Houfe of Peers, that fuch
4 Peers may be there rated for the lame according
4 to this Ordinance.

4 And whereas, by this Ordinance, the Inhabi-

* tants of the City of London are not to be rated, in
' refpedl of the great Proportion laid upon them by
e the late Weekly Afieffment for three Months, it
4 is now ordered, That thofe Perfons within the
4 faid.City of London, which have not paid the (aid
4 A fie (linen t, formerly rated on them, (hall, in cafe
4 they pay not the fame within twenty Days after

* the Date of this Ordinance, be rated, for the Space

of

An. 19

362 Tke Parliamentary HISTORY

9^ Car. I. « of two Months, as other Counties by this Ordi-
L Hi ' nance are to be.'

Augufl 4. The Lords received Letters from the
i/loughbyofParbamt dated Augujl i,(but they
are not entered in their Journals') giving an Account
of the ill State and Condition the Parliament's Forces
were in, in thofe Parts of Lincoln/hire where he com-
manded ; defiring prefent Relief, both of Men and
Money, elfe he could not defend them againft the
Earl of Newca/lle's Army. It was ordered to be com-
municated to the Houfe of Commons.

The fame Day the Earl of Northumberland, from
the Committee appointed to confider of Means
for fettling the prefent Diftractions of the King-
dom, reported, That they had confidered of a Pe-
tition to be prefented to his Majefty, from both
Houfes, to that Purpofe ; which being read and,
after Debate, agreed to, a Meflage was fent to the
Lower Houfe, to defire a Conference with them
the next Morning.

Augujl 5. The Lords took into further Confide-
ration their Proportions for Peace, and ordered that
theirSpeaker fhould introduce them to theCommons,
at the Conference, with this Preface :

Gentlemen,

Preamble to ihe Ct^HE Lords believe it too vifible to tie Under-
Lords' Propofi- -* Jlanding of all Per/on^ that this Kingdom, with
tions for Peace. ffy ^ £/^^ Qf plgnty Qnd ^uneianc^ tfo Fruits

of our long and happy Peace^ mujl be forthwith
turned into that Defolation and Famine which ac-
company a Civil War : And that thoje Hands and
Hearts ^ that Jhould fupport this Land, do now endan-
ger it by unnatural Divifions : Which Confiderations
have moved the Lords to fend Proportions again to
his K'lajefty, in which {hey do dejire \our Concur-
rence ; the Reafonablenefs and 'Jujlice of them being
fuchy that if they be rejefted, our Caufe will thereby

Of E N G L A N D. 363

le Jirengthenedt and the Kingdom encouraged to pre-An> i9«Car'
J'erve themfelves in their jujl Rights. L-*-v---

Auguft,

But though we are told the Conference was
held this Day, yet the Report of it is not entered
in the Journals; nor does it appear from thofe Au-
thorities what the Propofitions of Peace were. Mr.
Whltlocke pafles over this whole Affair in Silence.
Mr. Rujhworth, indeed, gives us a Petition from
the City of London againft them, but nothing more:
This Deficiency is very luckily fupplied by Lord
Clarendon, who has not only given us the Propofi-
tions themfelves, but alfo the Arguments urged in
the Houfe of Commons for and againft them. The
Neglect of the other Contemporaries, in a Point
of fo great Importance, is a fufficient Apology for
our giving his Lordfhip's Account of this Matter,
though he was not, nor could be, prefent at the
Debate a.

The Particulars propofed by the Lords were : The

1. 'That both Armies might be prefently dif- thereof.
banded, and his Majefty be entreated to return to

his Parliament, upon fuch Security as fhould give
him Satisfaction.

2. « That Religion might be fettled with the Ad-
vice of a Synod of Divines, in fuch a Manner as
his Majefty, with the Content of both Houfes of
Parliament, fhould appoint.

3. ' That the Militia, both by Sea and Land,
might be fettled by a Bill ; and the Militia,
Forts, and Ships of the Kingdom, put into fuch
Hands as the King fhould appoint, with the
Approbation of both Houfes of Parliament ; and
his Majefty 's Revenue to be abfqlutely and wholly
reftored unto him, only deducting fuch Part as had
been of NeceiTity expended for the Maintenance of
his Children, and not otherwife.

4. c That all the Members of both Houfes, who
had been expelled only for abfenting themfelves, or

* meer

# Hiftory, Vol. Ill, 8vo, Edit, p, 318.

364. The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I.' meer Compliance with his Majcfty, and no other
1643. < Matter of FadV agatnft them, might be reftored to-
*— "y"-* * their Places.

5. * That all Delinquents, from before the 10th
' Day of 'January , 1641, fhould be delivered up to
' the Juftice of Parliament, and a General Pardon
' for all others on both Sides.

6. % And laftly, That there might be an Act of

* Oblivion for all by-gone Deeds and A6ts of Hofti-
4 lity.'

Debate thereon ' When this Conference was reported in the
in the Houfe ofHoufe of Commons, it begot a wonderful long
3ns* and ii hot Debate, which lafted till Ten o'Clock
that Night, and continued a Day or two more ;
the violent Party (for there were yet many among
them of more moderate Conftitutions, who did, and
ever had, heartily abhorred their Proceedings, tho%
out of Fear, or Indifpofition of Health, or not
knowing elfe well what to do, they continued there)
inveighed furioufly againft the Defign itfelf of fend-
ing to the King at all, and therefore would not
have the particular Propofitions fo much as con-
fidered : 4 They had received much Prejudice by

* the laft Treaty at Oxford^ and therefore muft un-
' dergo more now their Condition was much lower ;
' the King had fince that, upon ths Matter, de-
' clared them to be no Parliament ; for if they
e were not free, they could not be a Parliament ;

* fo that till that Point was vindicated, they could
e not treat in any fafe Capacity, but would be look-
' ed upon under the Notion of Rebels, as his Ma-
' jefty had declared them. They had fent Mem-

* bers into Scotland to require AiTiftance, which

* that Kingdom was preparing with all Brotherly

* Affeclion and Forwardnefs ; and, after fuch a

* £)ifcovery, to treat for Peace, without the Privity

* of the Sects, was to betray them, and to forfeit
4 all Hopes hereafter of Relief from thence, what
' Neceilities foever they might be reduced to. That
' the City of London had exprefled all imaginable
' Readincfs to raife Forces for Sir lifilliatn Waller ;

* and

Of E N G L A N D. 365

* and the Counties near London were ready to rife An, 19. Car. I.
6 as one Man ; whereby the Earl of EJ/ex would

« be fpeedily enabled to march, with a better Ar-

* my than ever he had, to give the King Battle,
' except this Difcourfe of Peace did extinguifh the

* Zeal that was then flaming in the Hearts of the
« People.

* But notwithftanding thefe Reafons, and the
Pafiion in the Delivery, the Terror of the King's
Succefies fuggefted Anfwers enough : t They had
6 been punifhed for breaking off the Treaty of Ox-
' ford) when they might have had better Terms
' than now they could expect ; and if they omit-

* ted this Opportunity, they fhould fare much
' worfe ; that they were not fure of Aid from Scot-
' land) neither was it almoft poffible it fhould come

* Time enough to preferve them from the Ruin at
' Hand : And for the City of London, though the
' common and meaner Sort of People, who mi-Tht
' promife themfelves Advantage by it, defired the
4 Continuance of the Diftra£tions, yet it was evi-
' dent the moft fubftantial and rich Men defired

* Peace, by their Refufal to fupply Money for the
' carrying on the War ; and if they fhould judge

* of the common People by their Forwardnefs to

* engage their own Perfons, they had Reafon to
' believe they had no Mind to the War neither ; for
' their General was forced to retire even undtr
' their own Walls, for Want of Men to recruit

* his Army. However, the fending reafonable Pro-
4 pofitions to the King, would either procure a
' Peace, and fo they fhould have no more Need of
e an Army ; or, being refufed, would raife more
' Men and Money than all their Ordinances with-
' out it.' Thefe Reafons and Arguments prevail-
ed ; and, after the Debate had lafted till Ten of
the Clock at Night, it was refolved upon the Que-
ftion, and carried by Twenty-nine Voices b, ' That

'they

b This Circumftance is confirmed by the Commons Jourr.ah ;
wherein we fin<i the Numbers for taking the Lords Piopolitions into
Confidcration were Ninety-four. Againft it, Sixty-rive. The Tel-
lers for the Quetiion, Mr. Holla ar.d Sir Jobr. Evelyn', againft V,
Mr, Muti>. -awdMr, Stride.

366 *Tbe Parliamentary HISTORY"

An. 19. Car. I. * they fhould infift upon the Propofitions, and fend
< them to his Majefty.'

^ord ^arendon proceeds to remark, « That, with-
out Doubt, if they had then fent, (as, if the Power
had been in the two Houfes of Parliament, they had
Which being by d°ne) a firm Peace had immediately enfued : For
them, in feme befides that, if a Treaty and Ceflation had been in
Meafurc, appro- tna[ Conjuncture enter'd upon, no extravagant De-
°* mand would have been preffed, only a Security for

thofe who had been faulty, which the King would
gladly have granted, and moft religioufly obfer-
ved ; the fourth Proportion, and Confent to re-
ftore all Members to their Places in Parliament,
would have prevented the kindling any more Fire
in thofe Houfes. But this was too well known
to be fuffered to pafs ; and, therefore, the next
Day, being Sunday, the feditious Preachers filled
all the Pulpits with Alarms of Ruin and Deftru&ion
to the City, if a Peace were now offered to the
King ; and printed Papers were fcattered through
the Streets, and fixed upon Gates, Pofts, and the
moft public Places in the City and Suburbs, re-
quiring all Perfons well- affected to rife as one Man,
and to come to the Houfe of Commons next Morn-
ing, for that 20,000 Irijh Rebels were landed ;
which Information was likewife given that Day in
many Pulpits by their Preachers ; and, in other
Papers likewife fet up, it was declared, That the
Malignant Party had over-voted the Good, and, if
not prevented, there would be a Peace.' — Thus far
the Noble Hiftorian.

This Apprehenfion of a Peace fo alarmed the
Leading Men in the City of London, that the Lord
Mayor (Pennington) who had been excepted by
Name in the King's Offer of a General Pardon,
call'd a Common Council at the Guildhall the
fame Evening, though on a Sunday ; where a Pe-
tition againft any Accommodation, and a Draught
of an Ordinance for vigoroufly profecuting the
War, was agreed on to be prefented to the Houfe
of Commons next Morning (Auguft 7) : For tho'

thefe

Of E N G L A N D. 367

thefe Propofitions for Peace took their Rife in theAn.- 19. Car. 5,
Houfe of Lords, the Citizens did not offer any Pe-
tition to that Houfe againft them. Inftead thereof
we find that, the Lords being met, they were in-
formed that a great Concourfe of People were ga-
thered about their Houfe, occafioned by feveral Pa-A «r«t Tnmult
pers printed and difperfed all over the City the Day^S, m
before, inviting the People to come down in an un-
lawful Manner to Wejlminfter : On which they
agreed to have a Conference with the Other Houfe,
to let them know, That their Lordfhips did account
this Manner of coming down a great Breach of Pri-
vilege, and that they did adjourn their Houfe till the
next Morning ; and that, if the Concourfe of Peo-
ple ftill continued, they would adjourn themfelves
to a further Time. Likewife to defire the Com-
mons to join with them, to find out who printed
and difperfed thofe Papers, and who were the Au-
thors of them, that they might be brought to con*
dign Punifhment.

In the Midft of this Tumult came down alfo a And the City of
feleft Body of Aldermen and Common Council tof,'"^ " Pet ticn

_.__ a . j,J -II T-» • • r • t"6 Commons

frejlminjter, with the Petition before-mentioned jagainft any AC-
and the Commons being informed they were at thecommodation j
Door, they were called in ; when Alderman Atkins,
one of the Sheriffs, in the Name of all the reft, pre-
fented the following Petition :

To the Honourable the Knights, Citizens, and
Burgeffes, of the Commons Houfe, in Parliament '
affembled,

The HUMBLE PETITION of the Lord Mayor, Al-
dermen, and Commons of the City of London, in
Common Council aflembled,

Sheweth,

CT'H AT your Petitioners having heard that fuch
-* Propofitions and Offers have been lately fent, from
the Houfe of Peers, to this Honourable Houfe, which,
(as we greatly fear) if yielded unto, would be de-
ftruttive to our Religion^ Laws., and Liberties ; and

finding

368 The Parliamentary Hi s T OR Y

An, 19. Car. lading already, by Experience, that the Spirits of all
1643. the well-offered Party, in the City and Counties ad-
t— -v— — ' jacent, that are willing to ajjijl the Parlia?nent both
Auguft. jn perfon and Purfe, are much Jejetfed thereat ; and
the Brotherly Ajfiftance from Scotland, as well as th.'
Rat/ing and Maintaining of Forces ourfelves, thereby
likely to be retarded ; all which the Petitioners refer to
yourferious Confederation ; and, confidering our prefent
fad Condition, lies upon us in a f pedal Manner, through
the incenfed Patience of the Jlmighty, by Delay and
Want of Execution of Juftice upon Traitors and De-
linquents j and, having an Opportunity yet afforded us
to fpeak, our Deftres are,

That you would be pleafcd to perfift in your for-
mer Refolutions, whereupon the People have fo
much depended, and wherein you have fo deeply
engaged yourfelves, (though you fhould perifh
in the Work) that Juftice may be done upon
Offenders and Delinquents. And that, fince we
are as willing as ever to expofe what we are,
and have, for the crowning of fo good a Cauie,
you will be pleafed, by a fpeedy palling the
Ordinance hereunto annexed, or one to this Ef-
fect, to put us in a probable Way for our and
your Defence, wherein your Petitioners will,
by the Bleffing of God, never be wanting j but
fhall ever pray, &c.

Who thereupon 1'ne Commons, after having read the Petition and
reject the Lords' Ordinance, firft returned the Citizens hearty Thanks
S f°rfor their great Expreftons of Care for the Safety of
the Commonwealth, &c. Next ordered their Com-
mittee, formerly appointed to meet with the City's
concerning the Militia, to receive fuch Propofitions
as {hall be offered them, for the Safety of the City
and Peace of the Kingdom : To prepare a Draught
of an Ordinance upon them, and prefent it to the
Houfe. They then proceeded to take into Con-
federation the Propofitions for Peace fent from the
Lords ; and, after a very long Debate, the Houfe divi-
ded on this Queftion, Whether they (hould take thofe

Pro-

Of E N G L A N D. 369

Propofitions into a more particular Confideration ? An. 19. Car. I.

The Yeas went out, Mr. Holies and Sir John Hoi- l643-

land, Tellers for the Yeas, and Sir Robert HarUy v 7"*7*^

with Sir Thomas Barrington, for and with the Noesj

who brought in the Number of 81 of the former,

and 79 of the latter. This nearDivifion occafioned

a ftri&er Scrutiny} for the Houfe, not being fatisfied

with the Report of the Tellers, divided again, when

the Number of the Yeas that went forth were 8r,

as before, but the Number of the Noes that fat

amounted now to 88. A very odd Circumftance,

unlefs we may fuppofe that nine Members came into

the Houfe at that Interval !

Thus all Hope of an Accommodation, between
King and Parliament, was flopped by the Commons j
for another Queftion arifing at the fame Time,
Whether that Houfe would concur with the Lords
in their Propofitions, or not ? it parted in the Ne-
gative without any Divifion a. But the Commons,
to foften the Harfhnefs of this Vote to the Lords,
appointed a Committee ^o prepare Reafons to be
offered to them, why they diflented from them $
and particularly to defire their Lordfhips, at the
next Conference, not to defert the Defence of the
Kingdom at this Time-, for the Commons .would do
their utmofl in tke Defence of the Lords, as much as
for tbemfehes. They alfo refolved to recommend
it to the Lord Mayor of London, to take fome Courfe
to prevent all Tumults ; who accordingly iflued an
Order, prohibiting, on the utmoft Penalties the
Law could inflict, the making of any unlawful Af-
femblies, or printing any Papers, &c. for that Pur-
pofe.

Two Days after this, (Auguft 9) as a Counter-
poife to the foregoing Petition for continuing the
War, another was prefented to the Commons for

VOL. XII. A a Peace.

a Lord Clarendon fays, The People about the Doors behaved fo im-
perioufly, as to tell the Members of both Houfes, as they palled by
them, « That if they had not a good Anfwer^they would be there the
' next Day with double the Number.'

370 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 10. Car. I.peace. This was from ths Women ; the Men, as
:6*3 Lord Clarendon remarks, being deterred from any
~'~ Anempt of this Sort by the late Execution of Mr.
frmkins and Mr. Chuloner, and the Severities which
followed the Difcovery of Mr. Waller's Plot. -
This remarkable Petition runs thus :

To the Honourable the HOUSE of COMMONS in Par-
liament aflembled,

The HUMBLE PETITION of many CIVILLY-DISPO-
SED WOMEN, inhabiting in the Cities of London,
jler^ the Suburbs, and Parts adjacent,

Sheweth,

tvon from<7" HATjour-poer Petitioners, though of the weaker
e Women of •* Stx, do too fenfibly pfrceive the enfuing Defola-
ndon, &c. faon o this Kindom, unles, b ame timely Means,

,

, of this Kingdom, unlefs, by fame timely

Pcacc< your Honours provide for the 'fpeedy Recovery there-

of. Tour Honours are the Phyficians that can, by
God's fpecial and miraculous Blejjing, (which we
Itumbly implore) rejlore this languijbing Nation, and
our bleeding Sifter the Kingdom cf Ireland, which hath
now almoft breathed her lajl Gafp.

We need not dl State to your Eagle-eyed Judgments
the Way ; our only Defire is, That God's Glory in the
true Reformed Protejlant Rfligion may be preferred ;
the juft Prerogatives and Privileges of King and Par-
liament maintained ; the true Liberties and Properties
of the Subjtft, according to the known Laws of the Land,
rejlored; and all honour able Way sand Means for a fpeedy
Peace endeavoured.

May it therefore pleafe your Honours, that fome
fpeedy Courfe may be taken for the Settlement
of the. true Reformed Proteftant Religion for
the Glory of God, and the Renovation of Trade
for the Benefit of the Subjed, they being the
Soul and Body of the Kingdom.
And your Petitioners, with many Millions of af-
flicled Sculs, groaning under the Burden of
thefe Times of Diftrefs, ihall (as bound) pray,

Of E N G L A N D.

We have before taken Notice of a Petition from An. 19. Car. I.
the Female Sex at the Beginning of the Troubles, l6^
and Mr. Pymme's Speech to them at that Time b : *— ~*~ ^
But this Gentleman feems now to have been great-
ly out of the Ladies Favour, by what follows in.
Mr. Rujhivorth's Account of this Matter : He tells
us, ' That this Petition was brought up by 2 or
3000 Women, generally of the meaneft Sort,
(whom Lord Clarendon calls a great Muitituce of
the Wives of fubftantial Citizens) with while Silk
Ribbons in their Hats ; and was, by fome of their
Number, prefented to the Houfe of Commons,
who received and read the fame j and fent out Sir
John Hippefley and two or three Members more to
return them an Anfwer, * That the Houfe were no
* way Enemies to Peace, and that they did not
' doubt, in a fhort Time, to anfwer the Ends of
' their Petition ; and defired them to return to their
' Habitations c.' But the Women, not fatisfied,
remained thereabouts, and, by Noon, were en-
creafed to 5000 at the leaft ; and fome Men of
the Rabble, in Women's Cloaths, mixed them-
felves amongft them, and inftigated them to go
up to the Commons' Door, and cry, Peace, Peace ;
which they did accordingly, thrufting to the Door
of the Houfe at the Upper Stairs-Head. The
Trained Band advifed them to come down, and
fuft pulled them ; and afterwards, to fright them,
(hot Powder : But they cried out, Nothing but
Poiuder ; and fome of them in the Yard having
Brick Bats, threw them a-pace at the Trained
Band, who then fhot Bullets. Yet the Women,
not daunted, cried out the louder at the Door of
the Houfe of Commons, Give us tbofe Traitors that
are ugainji Peace, that we may tear them ta Pieces :
Give us that Dog Pymme, &fc.'

A a 2 Upon

t In our Tenth Volume, p. 271, et feq.

c The Petition itfelf is not entered in the "Journals : But thofe Au-
thorities mention the Prefentment and Reading of it ; and that Sir
Robert Barley, Sir John Corbet, Sir John hippefley, Mr. Buller, Mr.
Noble, and Sir Edivard Bainion, were appointed to give vhe Petitioners
an Anfwer j which was to the above Effeft.

372 We Parliamentary HISTORY

Ha, 19. Car'. I. Upon the whole, it appears to have been with fome
1643. Difficulty, and not without fome Bloodfhed alfo, that

*— — * — — ' this Mob of Female Petitioners was filenced and dii-
Auguft' perfed.

Ordinance for Avgujl 10. The Commons fent up an Ordinance
prefling of Sol- for preffing Soldiers, throughout the Kingdom; to
diers. which the Lords agreed. It had this remarkable

Preamble :

' Forafmuch as the true Proteftant Religion, the

* Laws and Liberties of the Subject and the Parlia-

* ment, are in Danger to be. fubverted ; Idolatry
' and Tyranny like to be introduced by Force and

* Power of feveral Armies, railed by Pretence of
' the King's Authority, confiding of Papifts and

* other dangerous and ill-affedted Perfons of this
' Kingdom, Irijh Rebels, Popifh Soldiers, and
' others of foreign Dominions and Nations, noi be-

* ing under the King's Obeyfance, for the Ruin and
' Deftrudion of this Kingdom, unlefs the fame be
' prevented by a confiderable Power of Forces, to be
' fuddenly raifed by both Houfes of Parliament, be-

* ing, with God's Bleffing and Afliftance, the moft

* probable Way to prelerve the Kingdom, our Re-

* ligion and Liberty.

* Be it therefore ordained, &?<;.'

Augujl 16. A Paflage which happened, as this
Day, in the Houfe of Commons, is expunged in
their Journals, as appears in the Margin, by an Or-
der made January 6, 1645 ; by which Means this
Affair is rendered fo dark and obfcure, that no-
thing can be made of it in that Authority. We
are obliged to Mr. Whitlocke for an Explanation,
who tells us, * That one Mr. Saltmarjh, a Minifter,
had publifhed a Book, in which were thefe bold Po-
fitions :

1. « That all Means ihould be ufed to keep the
King and his People from a fudden Union.

2. c To cherim the War. under the Notion of
Popery, as the furcft Means to engage the People.

3- * If

Of E N G L A N D. 373

3. * If the King would not grant their Demands, ^n. 19. Car. !«
then to rout him out and the Royal Line, and to t l6*3'
collate the Cro.wn upon fomebody e'fe. A^'uft ^

' This ftrange Doctrine gave OfFence, fays our
Author, to fober Men; and Sall?narfl} was fent
for and examined, before the Commons, about it ;
when fome Exceptions being taken againft it, Mr.
Henry Martin faid, That he Jaw no Reafon to con-
demn Mr. Saltmarfh ; and that it was better one Fa-
mily fhould be deftroyed than many. Sir Nevile Poole
moved, That Mr. Martin fhould explain, 'What
one Family he meant; who boldly anfwered, The
King and his Children. Upon this fome Mem- ^ J^J1*,,
bers urged the Height and Danger of thefe Words, the Tower f«r
and taxed him with his lewd Life; and, many r«rilingtheKing
fpeaking very fharply againft him, he was com- ^ Royal Fa~
mitted to the Tower : But, fhortly after, releafed,
and re- admitted to his Seat in Parliament V

The reft of the Affairs in both Houfes, for fe-
veral Days, turned chiefly on Ways and Means
to raife more Money and Men, in order to recruit
and pay their Armies; the Lord-General -^^^The Earl of £/*-
complaining again very heavily for Want of both./?* requires far-
He likewife added, That his Army was much vifit-therSuPPJies' .
ed with Sicknefs ; and that though he was ready
to march, yet he did not care to adventure the
Commonwealth of England by a Battle, in fo weak
a Condition, £sV. Upon which Advice the Par-
liament thought fit to difpatch a Committee of both
Houfes to him, on the nineteenth of this Month,
to learn particularly his Wants, that they might be
fpeedily redreffed. This Committee returning, re-
ported, That they had been with the General, and
they had brought him to agree to the following Pro-
pofitions :

Fir ft * * That his Excellency intends to begin

his March in three Days Time ; and that about

A a 3 * Twelve

« Upon his Petition to the Houfe, prefented the fecond of Sep-
tember following, he was ordered to be forthwith discharged, with-
out paying auy Fees for his Impiifonrncat.

Cotnmcr? Journali*

374 ffl* Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. l.* Twelve o'Clock, on that Day, he promifes to

l643- « draw his Army up to their Rendezvous on Houn-

c. ~*~*J tjjgw.fjeat'.i ; whither he delires the Parliamenr to

Aagutt. t j-encj Commiflioners to be prefent and view the

* Troops.

' Next) Hedefired the City would fend to him what
c Strength they could poflibly fpare, as had been pro-
4 pofedto him by the Parliament. He approved of the

* Motion that a Committee of both Homes nu-ht
' conftantly attend the At my.

4 And, lajlly-i The General expe&ed fuch Supplies

* of Money as might enable him to proceed upon his
« March.'

Augujl 21. The Queen of Bohemia had hither-
$o lived under an un'«3ppy Pianet j and, though
the Daughter of one King, Wife to another, and
Sifter to a third, was now reduced almoft to beg
her Bread of the Parliar.ent ; for, this Day, a
lupplu ating Letter from her, directed to the
Speaker of the Houfe of Lords, was read in thefe
\\ ord* :

My Lord,

The Queen of ^1 N C E my la/I to you, whereby I craved the Af-
L.tt^itTn $***" °f tbe moft ti^urable Hsuje of Peers
fom^Aikv^ncc; 'r»>'->f> '*-'/' y°u ar* Speaker) towards the Relief of tr.y
fiomParliau-.ent.^; ffent Nfcffijt''est 1 daily find my Burden growing
heai1.'- the ij'f^er their Help is deferred ; which ma-
keth 'nit trouble you once again by this Bearer, Crom-
well my Servant, whom 1 fend expreJJy ever about
this B "nets j deft- ing you to give him fuch Credit
an .it a Is as my Occasions' may therein require.
Hereby I entreat you to reprefent my earnejl Re-
qnejt tt the rro/i Honourable Hiufe, if they would
' be pua!c.i to grant me their favourahle Concur-
. in this Time of my Need ; whereby I way
be freed *?th from my pr 'effing Wants ^ and from
ike Mr/i'.iffs which thereupon enfue. I have no
Caufe to doubt lut that the Lords, under/landing
tbe Extremity of my Cafe, will take an honourable
Senfe tbtrttf; and hajien, on their Parts* the

Of E N G L A N D. 37$

Means of my Supply ; wherecf I be/eecb you to af- An. 19. Car. I,
fure them all that I /hall be ever fenfible, and re- l6-3

Your moil affectionate Friend,
Haghe, June 29,

i643 ELIZABETH.

The Lord? ordered, That this Letter he commu-
nicated to the Commons, and to defire them to con-
fider how the Queen might be fupplied with the Al-
lowance formerly given her from this Kingdom, as
foon as they could find .Means to do it. But very
little was done in this Bufmefs.

Many Ordinances now croud the "Journals of the
Lords, all concerning Men and Money to fupport
this unnatural War ; but none of them of Confe-
quence enough for this Hiftory. The King, at this
Time, as has been faid, was every where victo-
rious, and his own Army fo ftrong, that the Earl
of EJJex durft not cope with him. In this Situa-
tion, the King and his Counfellors are greatly bla-
med, by Hiftorians, for not marching directly for
London, where he muft have either taken the Place,
or forced the Earl to a Battle ; either of which
•would, in all Probability, have ended the War :
For, at this Time, fays Wkitiockc, « The Par-
liament had no confiderable Body of an Army to-
gether, and their Party in fome Diviiions ; but, by
the Time of the King's March and Stay at Glou-
cefter, they had recruited their Army, provided
Money, and pieced up their Difcontents amongft
themfelves V But fuch was the Unhappinefs of
the Prince's Fate, that, after the Surrender of Bri-
ftol to his Forces, he turned afide ; and, in Per-
ibn, with his whole Army, laid Siege to G/ou-Tht Si^e of
cefter. This was on the loth of Auguft, and thec/WM:^<r«
Place holding out refolutely, it took the King; much
more Time than he thought of, and proved fruitlefs
in the Event.

Mr.

.•*.'• «-' Mcmariali, p. 69, Col a.

376 jfifc Parliamentary HISTORY

An. 19. Car. I. M^. RuJJiwortb hath left us a Journal of this fa-
l643 mous Siege ; and other Hiftorians, of thefe Times,
v— ~ v"7""1' are ver7 particular in their Accounts of it. To them,
u°u ' therefore, we refer, and {hall only take Notice,
that the Parliament thought it a Place of fueh Im-
portance, as occafioned both Houfes to make an Or-
dinance, on the 23d of this Month, to authorize
the Committee for the Militia of the City of London^
to order fix Regiments of Foot, confifting of 8000
Men, and 1500 Horfe, to march immediately for
its Relief.

Auguft 27. An Ordinance for removing fuper-
ftitious Images, Crucifixes, Altars of Stone, &c.
pailed the Lords, which had been formerly fent up
by the Other Houfe : It ran in thefe Words, and
with which we fhall conclude the Affairs of tMs
Month.

Ordinance for ' r |^ H E Lords and Commons in Parliament,
removing « taking into their ferious Confideration how

S?goutof wel1 pleating 'it 's to God, and conduct-able
Churches. ' to the blefled Reformation in his Worfhip, fa

* much defired by both Houfes of Parliament,
' that all the Monuments of Superfliuon or Ido-
' latry fliould be removed and demolifhed, do or-

* dain, That in all and every the Churches and
' Chapels, as well Cathedral and Collegiate as
' other Churches and Chapels, and other ufual

* Places of public Prayer, authorized by Law with-
e in this Realm of England and Dominion of Wales,

* all Altars and Tables of Stone (hall, before the
' firft Day of November, 1643, be utterly taken

* away and demolifhed : And alfo all Communion-
' Tables removed from the Eaft End of every fuch
' Church, Chapel, or Place of public Prayer, and

* Chancel of the fame ; and fhall be placed in fome

* other fit and convenient Place or Places of the
' Body of the faid Church, Chapel, or other fuch

* Place of public Prayer, or of the Body of the

* Chancel of every fuch Church,- Chapel, or other
« fuch Place of public Prayer ; And that all Rails

* what-

Of E N G L A N D. 377

* whatfoever, which have been ere&ed near to, An, 19 Car. I.

* before, or about any Altar or Communion-Ta- 1643.

* ble in any of the faid Churches or Chapels, or '•— — v-J
« other fuch Place of public Prayer as aforefaid, Aoguft.
'{hall, before the faid Day, be likewife taken '

' away ; and the Chancel Ground of every fuch

* Church or Chapel, or oiher Place of public
' Prayer which hath been, within twenty Years

* laft paft, raifed for any Altar or Communion-
' Table to ftand upon, {hall, before the faid Day,

* be laid down, and levelled as the fame was be-
' fore the faid twenty Years laft paft : And that
' all Tapers, Candlefticks, and Bafons, {hall, be-

* fore the faid Day, be removed and taken away

* from the Communion-Table in every fuch Church,

* Chapel, or other Place of public Prayer; and

* neither the fame, nor any fuch like, {hall be ufed
' about the fame at any Time after the faid Day :

* And that all Crucifixes, CrofTes, and all Images

* and Pictures of any one or more Perfons of the
' Trinity, or of the Virgin Mary\ and all other

* Images and Pictures of Saints, or fuperftitious
' Infcriptions in, or upon, all and every the faid

* Churches or Chapels, or other Places of public

* Prayer, Church-Yards, or other Places to any

* the faid Churches and Chapels, or other Places

* of public Prayer, belonging, or in any other open
c Place, {hall, before the faid firft Day of November*

* be taken away and defaced ; and none of the like

* hereafter permitted in any fuch Church or Chapel,

* or other Places as aforefaid.

* And be it further ordained, That all and every

* fuch Removal of the faid Altars, Tables of Stone,

* Communion-Tahles, Tapers, Candlefticks, and
' Baforts, Crucifixes and Crofles, Images and Pic-
' tures as aforefaid, taking away of the faid Rails,

* levelling the faid Grounds, {hall be done and
' performed ; and the Walls, Windows, Grounds,

* and other Places which {hall be broken, impair-

* ed, or altered by any the Means aforefaid, {hall
' be made up and repaired in good and fufEcient
? Manner, in all and every of the faid Parifli Churches

* or

378 *The Parliamentary HISTORY" •

." or Chapels, or ufual Places of public Prayer

* belonging to any Parilh, by the Church- Warden

* or ^.lurch-Wardens of every fuch Parifh for the

•-.e being refpe£Vively ; and in any Cathedral

* o Collegiate Church or Chapel, by the Dean

* or z-ib Dean, or other chief Officer of every fuch
' ' Teh or Chapel for the Time being ; and in

* the Lniverfities, by th« feveral Heads and Go-

* vernors of every College or Hall refpedively ; and

* in the feveral Inns of Court, by the Benchers
' and Readers of every of the fame refpec^ively,
e at the Coft and Charges of all and every fuch Per-
c frn or Perfons, Body Politic or Corporate, or

* Parifliioners of every Parifh rcfpe&ively, to whom
e the Charge of the Repair of any fuch Church,
L Chapel, Chancel, or Place of public Prayer, doth
' or fhall belong.

' And in cafe Default be made in any of the Pre-
c mites, by any of the Perfon or Perfons thereunto

* appointed by this Ordinance, from and after the
« faid firft Day of November , 1643, that then every

* fuch Perfon of Perfons, fo making Default, fhall,
4 tor every fuch Neglect or Default by the Space of

* twenty Days, forfeit and lofe forty Shillings to the
' Ufe of the Poor of the laid Parifh wherein fuch
« Default {hall be made ; or if it be our of any Pa-
« riih, then to the Ufe of the Poor of fuch Parifh
c whole Church is, or fhall be, neareft to the Church
' or Chapel, or other Place of puolic Prayer, where
« fuch Default fhall be made ; and if Default fhall

* be made after the fir ft Day of December, 1643 then

* any one Juftice of the Peace of the County, City,
' or Town, where fuch Default fhall be made, up-

* on Information thereof to him to be given, fhall
e caufe or procure the Premifes to be performed, ac-
6 cording to the Tenor of this Ordinance, at the
' Coft and Charges of fuch Perfon or Perfons, Bo-
' dies Politic or Corporate, or Inhabitants in every
' Parifh, who are appointed by this Ordinance to

* bear the fame.

* Provided that this Ordinance, or any thing

* therein contained, fhall not extend to any Im?.£c,

Of ENGLAND. 379

Pi/liK- or Coat •of Arms in Glafs, Stone, or-^n. 19. Car,

in p.iiy Church, Chapel, Church \
or "' . juulic Pr"-'-:r as afoie>'rid, it- up. or

ft a •> • oeptcitiocr*

grav .nly foi aMonumentol any :vi.i^, ij :
or Noi-leman, or other ueav, 'on, winch
not been comrrmi'y reputed <-r taken tor -a ^amc :
But that all iuch In.a^cs, i <clures, ami (.
of Arms, may ftand and co-ninue in iUc Man-
ner and Form, as it this Uidmauce had i.
* b^en made d.'

Military Orders of various Kinds continue toSjr«^K «,.£
be made by both Houfes, at the Beginning of theandhis
Month of September ; nor is there any Thing el(e,™ined L'? "••
material enough for our Purpofe, till the feventh of Com IODS*
this Month : When Sir John Hotham was brought
to the Bar of the Houfe of Commons, by Order,
before he took his Trial ; and being acquainted by
the Speaker, That he had Liberty to fpeak to the
Houfe if he defired it, he faid, He had fome Peti-
tions to prefent to them ; which was, That his
Lady might come up with her Coach and Horfes,
Children, Servants, and Evidences ; and fome
Ooods and Plate he had left, for their Mainte-
nance. He defired alfo, that he might continue
where he was till his Trial : He proteited his own
Innocency, and did not doubt, when he knew his
Charge, but to make it appear as clear as the Sun.
Being demanded, Whether he knew of any Mem-
bers of that Houfe, or of the Lords, that had con-
veyed any Treafure beyond Seas r He anfwered,
He knew of none, if he were to die that Inftant.
And being again afked, Whether he knew that
Mr. Pymme had conveyed any Treafure in like
Manner ? With fome Aftoniihment he afked, If
that Queftion was afked him in Earneft ? Protefted
he knew nothing of it, and that he had never re^
ported any fuch Thing.

Then the Examination taken by the Committee,
concerning the Cqrrefpondence he held with Lord

Digby,

A This Provifo feems to have been founded upon the Statute of
3 and 4 Edward VI. Cap. 12. fir defacing of Images j which fee
ia our Third Volurne, p, 254.

380 The Parliamentary HISTORY

An, 19. Car. I. Digby , was read to him. And, being demand-
l643- ed by the Speaker, Whether it was true or not
V""~V"T""' which he had there exprefled f He anfwered, It
eptem r. wag tfue . Qnjy jn ^^ concerning Sir Hugh Cholm-
ley, and Keyes^ his Son's Servant, were fome Mi-
ftakes : For when Keyes came to him at //a//,
he, wondering to fee him, faid, How the Devil
camejl than hither ?• — How couldjl thou come through
the Queen's Army ? and that was all he (aid to
him. Further, he faid, the Lord Digby did fend
a Declaration to him, to publifh to the World his
Reafons for his turning; to his Allegiance to the
King ; but he tore it in Pieces, and told him, That
he could not ferve the King, till he had fent juft
Propofitions to the Parliament. And being preffed
by the Committee to anfwer to fome farther Que-
ftions about Lord Digby , he faid, He was not
bound to accufe himfelf e ; made no farther An-
fwer, and confefTed that he did refufe to fign this
Examination. After this the Commons proceeded
to expell Sir John their Houfe, and to commit him
clofe Prifoner to the Tower.

Sept. 8. The Son of this unfortunate Father was
likewife brought to the fame Bar, the Serjeant
ftanding with his Mace within it, when the Speaker
told him, If he had any Thing to fay the Houfe
would hear him. Upon which he made a long
Narration of the whole Carriage of Affairs, from
the firft Time he took Pofleffion of Hull, to that
of his Commitment ; acknowledging he had com-
mitted many Errors and Offences, but nothing, to
betray the Truft repofed in him by the Parliament.
Being afked, as his Father had been before, If he
could tell what Monies, Treafure, or other Goods,
the Lord Say, Mr. Pymme, or any other Mem-
ber of either Houfe, had tranfported beyond Sea ?

He

e Lord Clarenitn gives a very particular Narrative of what palled
between Lord Digby and Sir Jobn Hoibam, in relation to a Propof 1
made by the former lor the Sujrrnder of Hull to the King, when he
v.'as taken Prifoner in Difguife, on board the Ship Prvvidface.

Clarendon, Vol. II. p. 705.

We took fome Notice of this Matter in our Eleventh Volume,
p. 356 t But the Whole is too long for our Purpofe.

Of E N G L A N D. 381

He anfwered, He knew of none, nor ever heard of An. 19. Car. I.
any that knew any fuch Thing. — Notwithftanding
this the Commons expelled Captain Hotham, and
remanded him ro the fame Cuftody he was before ;
but ordered that a Warrant fhould be made to bring They are expel
up both their Ladies, Children, Servants, &c.
his Father had defired. toPrifon.

In the Courfe of thefe Examinations, the Reader
may obferve that Mr. Pymme is mentioned, alongA charge againft
with others, as charged with fome indirect Prac-Mr. Pymme for
tices. To do Juftice to the Memory of that greatindirea Prac-
Man, on the fame Day Sir Edward Bainton^ atlces*
Member of the Houfe of Commons, was fent for,
charged with faying, That the Lord Say and Mr.
Pymme had betrayed the Weft and North. And be-
ing demanded, Whether he had fpoke thofe Words
charged upon him ? Anfwered, He did not fpeak
them as they were there laid down. Being then
demanded, What he had fpoken to that Purpofe ?
Anfwered, That he had learned, fmce he had fat
here, that he ought not to fpeak any Thing here
that reflected to the Prejudice of another Member ;
and therefore defired to be excufed, unlefs he were
enjoined and commanded. Whereupon he was
enjoined to fpeak the whole Truth : And then he
faid, That he did not fay that Mr. Pymme had
betrayed the Weft, but that he had betrayed his
County ; which he did, by being a Means of de-
taining him in Prifon, who only was able to main-
tain and preferve that County, till the faid County
was quite loft, notwithstanding many Orders made
for his bringing up f : As for betraying the North,
he knew nothing more of that than he had heard
in the Houfe, which founded bad enough, viz.
That the Offer of the Lord Savile and Sir Wil-
liam

f This Pafiage runs thus in the Commons' Journals : Probably

Wiltjhire is intended, where Sir Ediuard Baintcn was a Deputy-Lieu-
tenant of the Militia ; and had been fo a£live in the Parliament's Ser-
vice as to be particularly mentioned in the King's Declaration, on Oc-
cafion of the Parliament's Ordinances for laying an Afleflment j which
we have aiieady given in this Volume, p, 65,

Parliamentary HISTORV

An. ig. Car. 1. Ham Savile^ to deliver up» to the Parliament's

t \ *' Forces, York and that whole County, if they might

September. not ^e P:ejud'ce^ 'n their Perforis and Eftates, was
prevented. Adding, That he had heard it laid
and affirmed, with folemn and deep Oaths and Pro-
teftations, That the Lord Cottingtcn had treated
•with his Majefty for the Pardon of the Lord Say
and Mr. Pymme ; and that if they had had the
Preferments they expe&ed^ we had not been brought
to the Condition we now are in. Being demanded
from whom he heard this, anfwered, It was from
the Lord Grandifon's Brother, Lieutenant-Colonel
Brett) and Serjeant- Major Juques, all Officers in
the King's Army, and Prifoners with him at Clou-
cejler.

Which theCoro- Mr. Pymme, in Anfwer to this Charge, protefled
mons vote to befolemnly, That he never had Intercourfe with the
£^aDdfcanda-Lord Cottingtony by one Means or other, fmce the
Difference between the King and Parliament : That
he never received but two MefTages from him fmce
this Parliament began ; the one was by Sir Arthur
Ingram^ long before he died ; the other by Sir
Benjamin Rudyard. Upon the whole, the Com-
mons voted the Charge laid upon Mr. Pymmc by
Sir Edward Bainton, to be falfe and fcandalous ;
and that the faid Sir Edward fhould be forthwith
fent to the Tower, there to remain a Prifoner du-
ling the Pleafure of the Houfe. But, foon after,
the Queftion being put, Whether Sir Edward Bain-
ton fhould be now called to the Bar, and from
thence fent to the Tower, the Houfe divided into
20 Yeas and 40 Noes ; fo it patted in the Nega-
tive. Howibever this laft Charge againft Mr.

Pyn.me may be true or falfe, Mr. ll/hitlocke has in-
finuated, in his Account of the Beginning of thefe
Troubles, * That the Earl ofStrafforeTs Profecution
might have been flopped, and the King's Enemies
have become his Friends, if fome particular Per-
fons had been gratified in their Expectations and
Defires ; amongft whom he names Mr. Pymme to
have been defigned for Chancellor of the Exche-

Of ENGLAND. 383

quer g- But it is very ftrange that neither this An. 19. Car, I,
Memorialift, nor Mr. Rujhwortb, nor even Lord
Clarendon himfelf, make any Mention of this Ac-
cufation.

. Sept. 9. The Reader muft remember, that, on
the famous Affair of Ship Money, moft of the
Judges who had given the King their Opinions for
the Legality of it, were committed, fome to the
Tower, others elfewhere. Amongft thefe, Sir Ro- „,,•„„„

•nil /• L T/i-ru v » The Proceedings

bert Berkeley^ one of the Juftices of the King s- agajnft judge
Bench, had been long a Prifoner in the Tower, and Berkeley for his
his Trial put off de Die in Diem, for many Months Opinion, in rela-

i i -11 i • r» L • l'°n to Ship-

together, till this Day; when it came on peremp- Money} rcvjvca.

torily before the Houfe of Lords ; a Committee of
the Commons being at the Bar to manage the Evi-
dence againft him, concerning fo much of theCharge
as refpecled Ship-Money only, and the Opinions of
the Judges thereupon.

Then, by the Direction of the Houfe of Lords,
the Gentleman-Ufher of the Black-Rod brought
Mr. Juftice Berkeley to the Bar ; where, after he